河南省許昌市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（含答案無聽力原文及音頻）

XCS2024—2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高一英語本試題卷共10頁，四部分，滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthemandofirst?A.Findhishat.B.Drinksomewater.C.Putonhiscoat.2.Whyarethespeakersunabletousethecomputerroom?A.There’sanexamthere.B.Somelightsarebrokenthere.C.Theheatinghasbrokendownthere.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Relaxed.B.Bored.C.Excited.4.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Puthisbagaway.B.Stopbuyingexpensiveshoes.C.Washhisfootballshoesmoreoften.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atextbook.B.Somepictures.C.Theirhomework.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面幾段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有三個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howmanynightswillthemanstayinthehotel?A.3.B.4.C.5.7.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodotomorrowmorning?A.Orderhimataxi.B.Havehisbreakfastserved.C.Givehimawake-upcall.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whendidthewomanstarthercharity?A.Atage5.B.Atage7.C.Atage8.9.Whatdidthewomanaskherfriendstobringtoherbirthdayparty?A.Artsuppliesforartkits.B.Toysforkidsinshelters.C.Moneyforcharity.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoesthewomanspeaktotheman?A.Toaskforadvice.B.Tomakeaninvitation.C.Torecommendatrip.11.Whatkindofbeachisthewomanlookingfor?A.Alivelyone.B.Aquietone.C.Abigone.12.HowlongdidthemanspendtravelingtoGreenBayintotallasttime?A.About20minutes.B.About30minutes.C.About40minutes.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhoisTonyJones?A.Theman’steammate.B.Theman’scoach.C.Theman’sbrother.14.Wheredotheman’steamusuallytraininthemorning?A.Onthebeach.B.Inthecountryside.C.Atthesportsground.15.WhatdoesthemanoftendoonFridays?A.Playamatch.B.Gotothecinema.C.Haveabigmeal.16.WhatdoesthemanlovewatchingonTV?A.Basketball.B.Football.C.Skiing.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttobenow?A.ADJ.B.Aguitarist.C.Asoundtechnician.18.Whoinvitedthespeakertovisittherecordingstudio?A.Hisaunt.B.Hiscousin.C.Hisfriend.19.Howdidthespeakergettotherecordingstudio?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytrain.20.WhatdidKatesuggestthespeakerdo?A.Watchbandsonline.B.Studyhardatschool.C.Joinamusicclub.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AQueenstownIndoorSkydiving2FlightsMakeyourdreamofflyingarealitywithiFLYinQueenstown.You’llbeamazedasyouexperiencethesensationoffreefallduringtwoindoorskydiving(跳傘)flights.Withouttheneedforaparachute(降落傘)oraplanetojumpout,indoorskydivingwillmakeyoufeelasfreeasabird.Yourflightinstructorwillprovidetraining,includingtipsonbodypositioningandhandsignalsfortheflight.AlliFLYQueenstowninstructorsarecertifiedbytheInternationalBodyflightAssociation.They’llequipyouwithahelmet(頭盔),flightsuitandgogglesforyourindoorskydivingexperience.Eachindoorskydivingflightlastsfor60seconds,thesameasthefreefallpartofa15,000ftskydive.Thewholeskydivingexperiencewilllastabout1hour.TripIncludes●Training&instructionsfromacertifiedinstructor●Allsafetyequipment—helmet,goggles&flightsuit●2flights,eachlasting60secondsPrice●FirstTimeFlyers—2Flights:Allages(5yrs+)NZD$129.00OtherInformation●Operatesdailyallyear(includingChristmasDay!)●Every20minutesfrom9:30amto6:30pm,7daysaweek●Meetat27BreconStreet,Queenstown●Maximumweightlimitis125kg.Pleasecontactusifyouweighbetween114kgand125kg●Participants(參加者)shouldbefrom5to105yearsoldandmustbeabletocomfortablyweartheIhelmets●Wearcasualclotheswhichyourflightsuitwillfitover1.Whatwilltheparticipantslearnaboutduringthetraining?A.Howtoopenparachutes. B.Howtochooseproperhelmets.C.Freefallandsafetyguidelines. D.Bodypositioningandhandsignals.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheindoorskydiving?A.Itisopenallyearround.B.Itoffersonehouroftraining.C.Itallowsparticipantstoflyfourtimes.D.Itissuitableforexperiencedparticipants.3.Whatisonerequirementfortheparticipants?A.Buyinghelmetsandgoggles. B.Weighingnomorethan125kg.C.Beingteenagersandyoungadults. D.Wearingtheirflightsuitbeforehand.BGrowingup,IrealizedIwasn'tastalkativeasotherswithinlargegroupsofpeople.Partieswereamixedexperienceforme—Ireallywantedtobepartofthem,butusuallyspentthenightwaitingforittoend.Isawothersgettingeveryone’sattention.Ifeltlessconfident.Theysayconfidencecomeswithtime.ButeightyearsintomyHR(humanresources)career(職業(yè)),Istillfoundmyselfstayingoutofthelimelight(公眾注意的中心).AndthenacolleagueaskedmeifIwasanintrovert(內(nèi)向的人).“No...?”Ireplied.Ithoughtintrovertswerestrange,andtheydidn’tevenlikepeople.Thatwascertainlynotme.I’dalwayslikedpeople;Ifoundthemfascinating.WhenIwaswithmyclosestfriends,Iwasquitetalkative.Thenheexplainedtomethatintrovertsdon’tknowwhattodowhenthey’rearoundotherpeopleandneedalonetimetorecharge.Extrovertsaretheopposite.Andthatwasit.Hearingthetwosimplestatements,Ifeltlikeoverthreedecadesofshamehadbeenliftedoffmyshoulders.IlearnedtoacceptmyintrovertednatureandfocusedonwhatIenjoyed.AsIbegantoconnectwithpeopleone-on-one,Ifounditverymeaningful.ThisencouragedmetoexplorehowIcouldusemyintroversiontohelpothers.Finally,IstartedanonlinebusinesscalledCareerOffScript,whereIfocusonhelpingyoungprofessionalswhoarefeelinglostandunhappy.Iworkwiththemone-on-onetodiscovertheiruniquesuperpowers,strengths.Sothey,too,canappreciatetheiruniquenessandfindtheirownsuccess.4.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Theauthor’sinterests. B.Theauthor’spersonality.C.Theauthor’schildhoodlife. D.Theauthor’ssocialnetwork.5.Whydidtheauthorsaytohercolleaguethatshewasn’tanintrovert?A.Shethoughthercolleaguewaslaughingather.B.Shedidn’twanttoadmitthatshelikedpeople.C.Shehadbecometalkativeafterworkingforeightyears.DShehadmisunderstandingsofwhatanintrovertislike.6Whateffectdidtheauthor’scolleague’swordshaveonher?A.Shelookedatherselfpositively. B.ShedecidedtogiveupherHRcareer.C.Shedevelopedaninterestinpeople. D.Sherealizedwhereherweaknesseslay.7.WhatdoestheauthormainlyhelppeopledobyrunningCareerOffScript?A.Becomeextroverts. B.Makecareerchoices.C.Discovertheirstrengths. D.Establishlongfriendships.CSeahorsesaresmallthinfish.They’recalled“seahorses”becausetheylookabitlikehorses.Seahorsesaren’tgreatswimmers.Thereareover40differentkindsofseahorses.Manykindsofthemarethreatened.OnJuly18,2020,Australianscientistsreleased(釋放)hundredsofbabyWhite’sseahorsesintothewild.Theseseahorseswerenamedthesecondmostendangeredkindofseahorseintheworld.Tobegintheproject,scientistscollectedthreepregnantmaleseahorsesinJanuary.Thoseseahorseswerebroughtbacktotheaquarium(水族館)attheSydneyInstituteofMarineScience(SIMS).Afterthebabieswereborn,thescientistskeptthemattheaquariumforfivemonths,feedingthebabyseahorsestinyshrimp(smallshellfish)tohelpthemgrowstrong.ScientistMitchellBrennansays,“Theydon’thaveastomach,sotheyhavetoeatcontinuously.”Aboutamonthbeforetheyoungseahorseswerereleased,thescientistscreatedeightunderwater“hotels”forthem.Thehotelslookedalittlelikecages(籠子),andprovidedasafeplacefortheseahorsestodevelop.Puttingthehotelsintotheseaearlyallowedthecagestobecoveredwithsmallsealifethatcouldhelpprovidefoodfortheseahorses.Thescientistshavereleasedseahorsesintotheareafivetimes,butthistimewasarecord.Around380seahorseswerereleased.Theresearcherssayabout90%ofthemsurvived.Theresearchersputtinytags(標(biāo)簽)undertheskinofmanyoftheseahorsestohelptracktheminthefuture.Thescientistsarehopingthattheyoungseahorseswillgrowandreproduceinlargenumbers.BrettFenton,whoworksforSIMS,says,“Wehavehighexpectationsthatwe’llseetheanimalsdowelloverthenext12months.”8.WhatdoweknowaboutWhite’sseahorses?A.Theyarefacingthreats. B.Theyaregoodswimmers.C.Theyarefoundworldwide. D.Theyareextinctintheworld.9.Whatdidthescientistsdotohelptheyoungseahorsessurvive?A.Placetinytagsundertheirskin. B.Covertheircageswithseagrass.C.Feedtinyshrimptothemmonthly. D.Prepareunderwaterhabitatsforthem.10.Whatmadetheseahorsereleaseunique?A.Thetimingoftherelease. B.Thenumberofseahorsesreleased.C.Thelocationoftherelease. D.Thesurvivalrateofpregnantseahorses.11.HowdoesBrettFentonsoundinthelastparagraph?A.Curious. B.Confident. C.Confused. D.Concerned.DLastweek,UnitedNationsSecretary-GeneralAntónioGuterrescoinedanewterm.Thetimeofglobalwarminghasended,heannounced,andthetimeof“globalboiling”hasarrived.Youcanseewhyhesaidit.Julywasthehottestmonthonrecordglobally.HightemperaturesandseriouswildfireshavesweptacrosstheNorthernHemisphere.Oceanicheatwavesaredamagingtheworld’sthird-largestcoralreefoffFlorida.Andasthelevelsofgreenhousegasescontinuetoincrease,itmeansmanyevenhottersummerslieahead.Butcriticshavestronglydisagreedwiththephrase.Atonelevel,“globalboiling”isclearlyanoverstatement,but“globalwarming”isnowfartooweakadescription.Manyclimatescientistshavepushedfortheterm“globalheating”tobeusedinpreference.Similarly,phrasessuchas“climatecrisis”haven’treceivedenoughattention.That’sbecausemanyofusstillfeelwehaven’tseenthiscrisiswithourowneyes.Butthatischanging.Inthepastfewyears,extremeweatherandrelatedeventshavestruckmanycountries.Australia’sBlackSummerbroughtwildfiresthatburnedanareathesizeoftheUnitedKingdom.Germanysufferedseriousfloodingin2021.The2022floodinPakistanfloodedlargepartsofthecountry.Chinahasseenbothdroughtsandfloods.TerribledroughtshavehittheHornofAfricaformanyyears.Indiahasstoppedriceexportsduetodamagefromheavyrain.Criticsofclimateactionoftencomplainaboutwhattheyseeastheoveruseof“crisistalk”.Ifeverythingisacrisis,nothingisacrisis.WhenGuterresusesdeeplyimpactfulphrases,he’snotinvitingustoimagineaHollywood-styledisaster.Whathe’shopingistomakepeoplelisten—andact—nowwecanseewhatclimatechangelookslike.Aretherebetterphrasestodescribethis?Possibly.Takethechallengeyourself:canyouthinkupabrief,correctphrasetocoverworseninglocal-andregional-scale(區(qū)域級(jí)的)droughts,fires,typhoonsandfloods;damagetocropsandfoodsafety;watershortages;existentialthreatstocoralreefsandlow-lyingcommunities?Youcanseehowharditis.12.WhatmadeGuterresusethephrase“globalboiling”?AThereviewsfromcritics.B.Thenewscientificfindings.C.Thepresentserioussituation.D.Thefuturecourseofclimatechange.13.Whydidsuchphrasesas“climatecrisis”failtoattractourattention?A.Noneofthesephrasesreflectthetruth.B.Fewercriseshavehappenedinrecentyears.C.Manyphraseshaven’tbeenmentionedpublicly.D.Certainclimatedisastershaven’thappenedtous.14.Whatdoestheauthortrytosaybyusing“Butthatischanging”?A.Butclimatecrisesareworsening.B.Butseveralcriseswillbesolved.C.Butpeoplewillfacefoodshortages.D.Butpeoplearetakingeffectivemeasures.15.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofGuterres’saying“globalboiling”?A.Itisbeyondreality. B.Itisjusttoscarepeople.C.Itisreasonablyacceptable. D.Itisjusttocomfortthepublic第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Confidenceisaqualitythatcanbehighlybeneficialinlife.Youmaybelievethatconfidenceissomethingpeoplearebornwith,andyoueitherhaveitoryoudon’t.___16___Self-confidenceissomethingyoucandevelop.AccordingtoPsychologyToday,confidencecanbenurtured(培養(yǎng)),anditispossibletobuilditandletitgrowatanygiventimeinyourlife.Itistruethatsomepeoplehaveaneasiertimewiththisthanothers,butdon’tletthatdiscourageyou.___17___Sowheredoyoustart?Youstart,accordingtoablogonPsychCentral,withself-acceptance.Beinghonestwithyourselfandpracticingself-loveandself-acceptanceiswhatitisallabout.Thereisnothingtoachievefrompretendingandtherearenoeasypathstosuccess.___18___Thegoodnewsisthatit’suptoyou.Sitwithyourself,meditateandjournal(冥想和記日記).Thinkaboutyourstrengthsandweaknesses,whoyouareandwhoyouaren’t.Gettoknowyourselfbetter.Andbekindtoyourself,likeyouwouldbekindtoothers.___19___Youmayevenstarttonoticeachangeinhowyouconnectwithothers.Becausesomeonewhoisatpeacewiththemselvesandhasconfidence,accordingtoIncMagazine,isabletohavecompassion(同情)towardsothers.Sometimeswhenworkingtowardsagoal,gettingsomeadditionalhelpcanplayanimportantrole.___20___Peoplethatknowyouwellandarethereforyoucanbehelpfulwhenyouneedareminderofwhoyouareandhowunique,specialandlovedyouare.Rememberthatbuildingconfidenceisajourney.Thereisn’tnecessarilyadestinationoranendgoal.Acceptyourselfandbeproudofwhoyouare.A.Thisneedslotsofpractices.B.That’snotnecessarilytrue.C.Youshouldletgoofperfection.D.Thesepracticescanbebeneficial.E.Youcanbenefitfromtalkingtoothers.F.It’samusclethatcanbestrengthenedandworkedon.G.It’saboutwhereyoucamefromandhowfaryou’vecome.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。LastSunday,JakeSnellingandhisfriendswentuptothemountainstodosomeexploring.Feelingquiteproudoftheirachievement,theydecidedto___21___themselves.Theywenttoalocalrestaurantand___22___somedishes.Thefoodwasdelicious,andeverythingseemedperfectuntil___23___struck.Jakefailedtochewhisfoodproperly,andsomethingjustgot___24___—hecouldn’tbreatheatall.Unawarethatsomethingwas___25___,hisfriendscontinuedtochatandlaughwhileJakestruggledto___26___.Whentheynoticedhis___27___behavior,theythoughthehadindigestion(消化不良).Theyattemptedtohelpbypatting(拍打)hisbackbutitwasn’t___28___.Atthattime,waiterSheakhNazmulHasanRifatspottedthegroupandsprangintoactionto___29___Jake.RifatperformedtheHeimlichmaneuver(海姆立克急救法)tofreethefoodhewaschokingon.Rifatwas____30____andfocusedonthetaskathand.Andthen,Jake’sairwayclearedandhestartedtobreathe.ThewholerestaurantgaveRifatabig____31____.JakehuggedRifatand____32____him.Rifatsaidhisfatherhaddonethesamethingwithhimwhenhewasachild,sohe____33____knewwhattodo.Despitetheevent,Jakewasnotputofftherestofhis____34____.Hewentbackforabitmoreofit.Healsolefta____35____,althoughRifatwasunwillingtoacceptit.21.A.treat B.trust C.test D.teach22.A.made B.broke C.washed D.ordered23.A.reality B.disaster C.challenge D.failure24.A.stuck B.lost C.missed D.changed25.A.crazy B.stolen C.wrong D.damaged26.A.explain B.escape C.balance D.breathe27.A.childish B.unusual C.dangerous D.unacceptable28.A.hurting B.working C.burning D.moving29.A.guide B.comfort C.save D.protect30.A.calm B.curious C.confused D.careless31.A.hug B.cake C.welcome D.clap32.A.paid B.helped C.encouraged D.thanked33.A.immediately B.suddenly C.eventually D.hardly34.A.task B.action C.meal D.trip35.A.gap B.tip C.message D.mark第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InXinjiang,nangisabelovedflatbreadwithahistoryofover2,000years.It’seasytomake,storeandtransport,____36____(make)itatraditionaleverydayfoodintheregion.Nang____37____(come)invarioussizesandflavors(味道).Thelargestnangisasbigasacarwheelandweights2kilogramswhilethesmallestisno____38____(large)thanaquail’segg(鵪鶉蛋).Whenitcomestoflavors,youcanchoosefromrosenang,driedfruitnang,meatnang,sesamenang,andmore____39____(suit)yourtastepreferences.____40____(traditional),Uygurnangismadeintall,cylindricalovens(圓柱形烤爐).Nowadays,peoplealsouseenvironmentallyfriendlyovenstomakenang,____41____hascontributedtothenangindustry’sgrowth.Nanghasbroughtgreatpositivechangestotheregioninrecentyears,andit’snosurprisethatthisfoodcarries____42____(significance)culturalmeanings.Theroundshapeofnangsymbolizessolidarity(團(tuán)結(jié))andfriendship.Thelocaltraditionofbreakingnangandsharingitwithothersis____43____signofgoodwill.So,whenyouenjoynang,rememberthatitrepresentsnotonlythe____44____(warm)ofthepeopleinXinjiang,butalsotheirbelief______45______thepowerofsolidarityduringchallengingtimes.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你的交換生朋友Eric打算參加學(xué)校舉行的“ChineseHistoricalStories”英文演講比賽。他發(fā)來郵件說不知該如何準(zhǔn)備，請(qǐng)你給他回封郵件提一些建議。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置作答。Hi,Eric_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Joshwasayoungboywholovedplayingvideogames.Hehadagroupoffriendswithwhomheplayedonline,andtheymadeagreatteam.Theyusedheadsets(耳機(jī))totalktoeachotherwhileplayinggamestogether,andtheydidthisalmosteveryday.OneSundayafternoon,Josh’smom,Andrea,approachedhimwithaspecialrequest.Sheaskedifhecouldhelphermakelecheflan(焦糖布丁),whichwasJosh’sfavoritedessert(甜點(diǎn)).Hismomhadbeenworkingveryhardlately,butshealwaystriedtospendmoretimewithhim.Joshwantedtoplaygameswithhisfriendsbecausetheyhopedtodowellinmatchestocompeteforprizes.Hefinallyrefusedhismom’srequest.Aweeklater,Josh’steamlostmanyoftheirmatches.Joshwasverysad.Thismeanttheywouldn’tbeabletotakepartintheupcomingfinal.Hewishedhehadspentmoretimeplayinggameswithhisfriends.Oneevening,hecamehomeandhismomwasn’tin.Hetextedherandfoundoutshewasinthehospitalbecauseshehadfaintedatwork.ShesaidshewassafeandaskedJoshtopickheruplateratnight.Joshwasataloss.Herealizedthathismomwasoverworkingherself.Hewantedtoexpresshisfeelingswithoutjustsayingsorry,buthewasn’tsurehow.Thenherememberedamomentfromhischildhood.Afterabaddayatschool,hismomhadpromisedhim“somethingthatwillcheeryouup.”Afterworkinginthekitchen,shehadbroughtoutaplateoffreshlecheflan.Sheateaspoonfulandsmiledhappily.Lecheflanwasalsohismom’sfavorite.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置作答。Backinthepresent,Joshdecidedtocheeruphismom._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Joshwenttothehospitaltopickuphismom._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

XCS2024—2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高一英語參考答案第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）1-5BACCA6-10BCCAA11-15BCABC16-20ACABB第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列