上海市青浦區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1上海市青浦區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthesentencesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethesentencescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.1.Thetail______(vary)muchinlengthandshapeaccordingtothespecies;sometimesitisroundedattheend,sometimesmoreorlesspointed.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】varies【詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：尾巴的長(zhǎng)度和形狀因物種而異；有時(shí)它的末端是圓形的，有時(shí)或多或少是尖的。根據(jù)句中的is并結(jié)合句意，這里陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語Thetail表示單數(shù)，謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填varies。2.Ofallthespeakers,Harrywas______(young)persontospeakatLondonTechWeek,afestivaloftechnologyandstarsofthefuture.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】theyoungest【詳析】考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：在所有演講者中，哈里是在倫敦科技周上發(fā)言的最年輕的人，這是一個(gè)由科技和未來明星組成的節(jié)日。根據(jù)句中的Ofallthespeakers可知，這里表示在三者以上中進(jìn)行比較，應(yīng)用young的最高級(jí)youngest，且最高級(jí)前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。故填theyoungest。3.WildcatsaretheUK’srarestnativemammaland______(hunt)toextinctioninmostpartsofBritainfortheirthickhairinthepastdecades.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】havebeenhunted【詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：野貓是英國最稀有的本土哺乳動(dòng)物，在過去幾十年中，由于其濃密的毛發(fā)，在英國大部分地區(qū)被獵殺至滅絕。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語inthepastdecades，這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語為Wildcats，謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，且主語和hunt之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填havebeenhunted。4.IfI_______(maintain)myhealthfortherestofmylife,Ishouldenjoyalotofhobbies,andthereareseveralhobbiesandintereststhatIshouldregularlyenjoydoing.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】maintained/shouldmaintain/weretomaintain【詳析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果我在余生中保持健康，我應(yīng)該享受很多愛好，還有我應(yīng)該會(huì)經(jīng)常喜歡做的一些愛好和興趣。根據(jù)主句中的shouldenjoy并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，If引導(dǎo)的是非真實(shí)條件句，結(jié)合從句中的fortherestofmylife可知，這里表示對(duì)將來情況的假設(shè)，所以從句謂語應(yīng)用過去式、“should+動(dòng)詞原形”或“wereto+動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。故填maintained/shouldmaintain/weretomaintain。5.Itwassuchacheerfulmomentforuswhenwe_______(set)footontheGreatWallofChina,anextraordinaryman-madewondersnakingitswayacrosshundredsofmilesthroughroughandmountainousarea.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】set【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)我們踏上中國的長(zhǎng)城時(shí)，這是一個(gè)令人愉快的時(shí)刻，這是一個(gè)非凡的人造奇跡，蜿蜒數(shù)百英里，穿過崎嶇不平的山區(qū)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，set作從句的謂語，根據(jù)was可知用一般過去時(shí)，set的過去式是set。故填set。6.Hisadviceto_______inhispositionis,“Trytogetthroughit.Youcandoincrediblethings.”(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】persevering【詳析】考查介詞搭配。句意：他對(duì)堅(jiān)守崗位的建議是“試著熬過去。你可以做不可思議的事?！备鶕?jù)建議的內(nèi)容，可以判斷他堅(jiān)守崗位，克服困難，是一種有毅力的表現(xiàn)，這種意思可以使用動(dòng)詞“persevere”來表達(dá)。注意橫線前的to是個(gè)介詞，后面接動(dòng)詞需要使用其doing的形式，故答案是persevering。7._______hisdiplomanowinhispossession,Picariellosaysheplanstoframeitsohe’llbeabletoseeiteveryday.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】With【詳析】考查介詞。句意：現(xiàn)在他拿到了畢業(yè)證書，Picariello說他打算把它裱起來，這樣他就可以每天都看到它了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，逗號(hào)前的“_____hisdiplomanowinhispossession”在句中作狀語，空后是“名詞+介詞短語”的形式，所以可知這里是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，空處應(yīng)用with，且首字母大寫。故填With。8.“Thankyouforlettingmeobserveyourclasses.Itwasanunusualexperience,”theemailbegan,_______gotmyheartracing.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】which【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：“謝謝你讓我旁聽你的課。這是一次不尋常的經(jīng)歷，”郵件開頭讓我心跳加速。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是email，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，故填which。9.Increasedmuscle_______helpsupportbetterpostureandevenimprovedailyactivitieslikewalkingupstairsorcarryingheavythings.(根據(jù)句意填空)【答案】strength【詳析】考查名詞。句意：增強(qiáng)肌肉力量有助于保持良好的姿勢(shì)，甚至改善日常活動(dòng)，如上樓或搬運(yùn)重物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中做主語，使用名詞，根據(jù)下文“helpsupportbetterpostureandevenimprovedailyactivitieslikewalkingupstairsorcarryingheavythings(有助于保持良好的姿勢(shì)，甚至改善日?；顒?dòng)，如上樓或搬運(yùn)重物)”可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“力量”含義的名詞，表示“力量”含義的名詞為：strength，故填strength。10.Everyhealthyphysicalexercisehasimportantparts.Ifyou’renotsure_______tostart,don’tworry.We’llgoovereachoneofthemindetailinthisblogpost.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】where【詳析】考查疑問詞。句意：每一項(xiàng)健康的體育鍛煉都有重要的組成部分。如果你不確定從哪里開始，不要擔(dān)心。我們將在這篇博客文章中詳細(xì)介紹其中的每一個(gè)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里是“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，作賓語。根據(jù)前句“Everyhealthyphysicalexercisehasimportantparts.”可知，每一項(xiàng)的體育鍛煉都有重要的組成部分，這里指的是從哪里開始，應(yīng)用疑問副詞where。故填where。11.Don’tchooseactivitieslikerunningorliftingweightsatthegymjust_______youthinkthat’swhatyoushoulddo.Instead,pickactivitiesthatfityourlifestyle,abilities,andtaste.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】because【詳析】考查狀語從句。句意：不要僅僅因?yàn)槟阏J(rèn)為跑步或舉重這些活動(dòng)是你應(yīng)該做的事情就在健身房選擇這些活動(dòng)。相反，選擇適合你的生活方式、能力和品味的活動(dòng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意，____youthinkthat’swhatyoushoulddo是原因，所以應(yīng)用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故填because。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.housesB.approachingC.appearD.talentE.exclusivelyF.loweredG.hidingH.limitsI.dramaticallyJ.naturalK.sensitiveDolphinSensesNewresearchinvolvingtraineddolphinsseemstofurtherprovethattheseanimalscansenseelectricity.The____12____mayallowthemtobetterlockontohiddenfishhuntedanddirectthepath.Theabilitytosenseelectricfieldsisknownaselectroreception(電感受).Allanimalsproduceaweakelectricfield,butelectroreceptionhasalmost____13____beenfoundinwatercreatures.Aboutadecadeago,scientistspublishedresearchsuggestingthatsomedolphinshavepassiveelectroreception.Andin2021,researchersinGermanyreleasedtheirownstudyfindingthatdolphinslikelyhaveit,too.Thisnewresearchisafollow-uptothatlatterstudybythesameteam—oneintendedtobetterdescribethe____14____ofelectroreceptioninbottlenosedolphins.TheresearchersteamedupwithscientistsfromtheNurembergZoo,whichcurrently____15____sixdolphins.TheyspecificallyworkedwithtwobottlenosedolphinsnamedDonnaandDolly.Theyfirsttrainedthemtoresttheirjawsonametalbarinthewater,andthentorespondtoanelectricfield____16____thembyswimmingawaywithinfiveseconds.Theythengradually____17____thestrengthofthisfieldtotestthedolphins’sensitivity.Thefindingsfurtherprovethatbottlenosedolphinscanindeedsenseelectricity,butsuggestthatsomedolphinsarebetteratitthanothers.Donna,forinstance,wasabitmore____18____andabletorespondcorrectlytoaweakerfieldthanDolly.Theelectroreceptionfoundindolphinsdoesn’t____19____tobeasstrongasitisinthetypicalshark,butit’sprobablystillusefulenoughforthemtofindfish____20____underneathsand,stonesormudwithinafewcentimetersaway.Otherstudieshavesuggestedthatdolphinsalsopossessasensethatactsasasortof_____21_____GPSforthem.Sothesedolphins’electroreceptionmightprovideanexplanationforthatabilityaswell,Huttnersaid.【答案】12.D13.E14.H15.A16.B17.F18.K19.C20.G21.J【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新研究表明海豚能夠感知電，這種天賦可以讓它們更好地鎖定隱藏的魚類并指引路徑?！?2題詳析】考查名詞。句意：這種天賦可以讓它們更好地鎖定被獵殺的隱藏魚類并指引路徑?？涨坝蠺he，空處應(yīng)用名詞作主語。根據(jù)上文中的“theseanimalscansenseelectricity”可知，海豚能夠感知電，這是一種天賦。talent意為“天賦”。名詞做主語。故選D。【13題詳析】考查副詞。句意：所有動(dòng)物都會(huì)產(chǎn)生微弱的電場(chǎng)，但電接收幾乎只在水生生物中發(fā)現(xiàn)?？仗帒?yīng)用副詞修飾謂語。but前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折，前面“Allanimalsproduceaweakelectricfield”說所有動(dòng)物都會(huì)產(chǎn)生微弱的電場(chǎng)，所以這里應(yīng)說的是幾乎只有水生生物有電接受的能力。exclusively意為“只能，僅僅”副詞作狀語。故選E。【14題詳析】考查名詞。句意：這項(xiàng)新研究是同一團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)后一項(xiàng)研究的后續(xù)研究，旨在更好地描述寬吻海豚的電接收極限。根據(jù)空前的the可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞作賓語。根據(jù)下文中的“Theyfirsttrainedthemtoresttheirjawsonametalbarinthewater,andthentorespondtoanelectricfield________thembyswimmingawaywithinfiveseconds.Theythengradually________thestrengthofthisfieldtotestthedolphins’sensitivity.(他們首先訓(xùn)練它們將下巴放在水中的金屬棒上，然后在五秒內(nèi)游泳離開，以應(yīng)對(duì)……它們的電場(chǎng)。然后，他們逐漸……這片電場(chǎng)的強(qiáng)度，以測(cè)試海豚的敏感性。)”可知，他們做實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了弄清楚寬吻海豚的電接收極限。limit意為“極限”，limits是其復(fù)數(shù)。故選H?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：研究人員與紐倫堡動(dòng)物園的科學(xué)家合作，該動(dòng)物園目前有六只海豚?？仗幾鲝木涞闹^語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空后的“sixdolphins”可知，這里表示該動(dòng)物園有六只海豚。house意為“收藏，讓……居住”，為及物動(dòng)詞，houses是其第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他們首先訓(xùn)練它們將下巴放在水中的金屬棒上，然后在五秒內(nèi)游泳離開，以應(yīng)對(duì)接近它們的電場(chǎng)?？仗帒?yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語，修飾anelectricfield，根據(jù)空后的“thembyswimmingawaywithinfiveseconds”可知，這里表示通過在五秒內(nèi)游泳離開來應(yīng)對(duì)接近的電場(chǎng)，approach意為“靠近，接近”，approaching是其現(xiàn)在分詞形式，和邏輯主語anelectricfield是主謂關(guān)系，符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：然后，他們逐漸降低這片電場(chǎng)的強(qiáng)度，以測(cè)試海豚的敏感性?？仗幾骶渥拥闹^語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文中的“abletorespondcorrectlytoaweakerfieldthanDolly”可知，這里表示降低電場(chǎng)的強(qiáng)度。lower意為“降低”，為及物動(dòng)詞，lowered是其過去式。符合題意。故選F。【18題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：例如，與Dolly相比，Donna更敏感，能夠?qū)^弱的磁場(chǎng)做出正確的反應(yīng)?？仗帒?yīng)用形容詞作表語。根據(jù)上文中的“testthedolphins’sensitivity”可知，這里表示Donna比Dolly更敏感。sensitive意為“敏感的”。故選K?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在海豚身上發(fā)現(xiàn)的電接收似乎沒有在典型的鯊魚身上那么強(qiáng)，但它可能仍然足夠有用，可以讓它們?cè)趲桌迕淄獾纳匙?、石頭或泥土下找到隱藏的魚。根據(jù)空前的doesn’t可知，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)空后的“tobe...”和句中的“butit’sprobablystillusefulenoughforthemtofindfish”可知，這里表示雖然海豚的電接收似乎沒有鯊魚身上的那么強(qiáng)，但也足夠有用了，appear意為“顯得，似乎”。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意參考上題?？仗帒?yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞，作定語修飾fish。根據(jù)上文中的“betterlockontohiddenfish”和空后的“underneathsand,stonesormudwithinafewcentimetersaway”可知，這里表示藏在幾厘米外的沙子、石頭或泥土下的魚，hide意為“隱藏”，hiding是其現(xiàn)在分詞形式，和邏輯主語fish之間是主謂關(guān)系，符合題意。故選G?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：其他研究表明，海豚也有一種感覺，對(duì)它們來說，這充當(dāng)一種天然的GPS。空處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語。根據(jù)句中的“possessasense”和空后的“GPSforthem”可知，海豚擁有的這種感覺可以充當(dāng)天然的GPS。natural意為“自然的，天然的”。故選J。Ⅱ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.It’sreallyeasytofeelallaloneinlife,especiallywhengoingthroughhardship.Butsometimesthebestthingwecandoistoallowourselvestoaskfor____22____,likeErindid.ErinworkedataMcDonald’sinMichigan.Butherpaywasn’tenoughtocoverrentandsheandhertwingirlsendedup____23____.Shewantedtosleepinhercarwhichwas____24____rightoutsideofthegirls’school.However,shewasn’tsurewhetherwhatshewasdoingwas____25____.So,sheaskedpoliceofficerHeatherKolkeiftheycouldstaythere.Buttheconversationdidn’tstopthere.Heather,alsoamom,knewshehadto____26____.SheandherfellowofficersfoundErinandherdaughtersatemporaryplacetostayin.Thatwasn’tallthough,theyevengotheran____27____andwentwithhertooffermoralsupport.Luckily,Eringotthatjob.HeatheralsoplannedabirthdaypartyforErin’sdaughters,withlocalbusinesses____28____balloons,cake,andpizza.Thewholecommunityultimatelygot____29____,raising$2,300incash,aswellasclothesforthekids,itemsfortheirnew____30____,giftcardstohelpthemmakeendsmeet.“Itreallywarmsmyhearttoknowthattherearepeopleouttherewho_____31_____.Itisareminderthattherearegoodpeopleintheworld,”sharedErin.22.A.help B.forgiveness C.permission D.leave23.A.desperate B.fruitless C.homeless D.disappointed24.A.repaired B.seen C.abandoned D.parked25.A.worthwhile B.legal C.wise D.useful26.A.setout B.walkby C.stepin D.lookforward27.A.interview B.innovation C.award D.arrangement28.A.producing B.decorating C.designing D.donating29.A.paid B.involved C.elected D.cleaned30.A.car B.school C.office D.home31.A.remain B.insist C.care D.share【答案】22.A23.C24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了Erin和兩個(gè)女兒在淪落到無家可歸后受到了警察和社區(qū)的幫助?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但有時(shí)候我們能做的最好的事情就是允許自己尋求幫助，就像Erin做的那樣。A.help幫助；B.forgiveness寬?。籆.permission允許；D.leave休假。根據(jù)句中的“l(fā)ikeErindid”并結(jié)合后文Erin接受大家的幫助可知，這里是說有時(shí)候我們要允許自己尋求幫助。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但她的工資不足以支付房租，她和她的雙胞胎女兒最終無家可歸。A.desperate絕望的，不顧一切的；B.fruitless沒有成果的，無成效的；C.homeless無家可歸的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)句中的“herpaywasn’tenoughtocoverrent”及下文中的“Shewantedtosleepinhercar”可知，她支付不起房租，最終她和女兒們變得無家可歸。故選C。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她想睡在她的車?yán)?，車就停在女兒學(xué)校外面。A.repaired修理；B.seen看見；C.abandoned遺棄；D.parked停車。根據(jù)空后的“rightoutsideofthegirls’school”可知，她的車停在女兒學(xué)校外面。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她不確定自己所做的是否合法。A.worthwhile值得做的；B.legal合法的；C.wise明智的；D.useful有用的。根據(jù)下文中的“sheaskedpoliceofficerHeatherKolkeiftheycouldstaythere”可知，她詢問警察自己是否能夠睡在自己車?yán)?，由此可知，她不確定這樣做是否合法。故選B。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：Heather也是一位母親，她知道自己必須介入。A.setout動(dòng)身；B.walkby經(jīng)過；C.stepin介入，插手；D.lookforward期待。根據(jù)下文中的“SheandherfellowofficersfoundErinandherdaughtersatemporaryplacetostayin.Thatwasn’tallthough,theyevengotheran________andwentwithhertooffermoralsupport.(她和她的同事們?yōu)镋rin和她的女兒們找到了一個(gè)臨時(shí)住處。不過那并不是全部，他們甚至給她找了一個(gè)……，并和她一起去以便給她提供精神支持。)”可知，Heather幫助Erin找住所，并給她提供精神支持，由此可知，她主動(dòng)介入到這件事中。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不過那還不是全部，他們甚至為她安排了一次面試，并與她一起去以便給她提供精神上的支持。A.interview面試；B.innovation創(chuàng)新；C.award獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.arrangement安排。根據(jù)下文中的“Eringotthatjob”可知，警察們?yōu)镋rin提供了一次面試機(jī)會(huì)。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Heather還為Erin的女兒們策劃了一個(gè)生日派對(duì)，當(dāng)?shù)氐钠髽I(yè)捐贈(zèng)了氣球、蛋糕和披薩。A.producing生產(chǎn)；B.decorating裝飾；C.designing設(shè)計(jì)；D.donating捐贈(zèng)。根據(jù)上文Erin一家淪落到無家可歸的地步和下文中的“Thewholecommunityultimatelygot________,raising$2,300incash,aswellasclothesforthekids,itemsfortheirnew________,giftcardstohelpthemmakeendsmeet.(整個(gè)社區(qū)最終……，籌集了2300美元現(xiàn)金，以及孩子們的衣服、給她們新……的物品和幫助她們維持生計(jì)的禮品卡。)”可知，Erin一家生計(jì)艱難，所以Heather為Erin的女兒們策劃生日派對(duì)的時(shí)候，當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)為派對(duì)捐贈(zèng)了氣球、蛋糕和披薩。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：整個(gè)社區(qū)最終都參與進(jìn)來，籌集了2300美元的現(xiàn)金，以及孩子們的衣服、她們新家的物品、幫助她們維持生計(jì)的禮品卡。A.paid支付，付費(fèi)；B.involved加入；C.elected選舉；D.cleaned打掃。根據(jù)句中的“raising$2,300incash,aswellasclothesforthekids,itemsfortheirnew________,giftcardstohelpthemmakeendsmeet”可知，整個(gè)社區(qū)都參與到幫助Erin一家的行動(dòng)中。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.car汽車；B.school學(xué)校；C.office辦公室；D.home家。根據(jù)上文中的“SheandherfellowofficersfoundErinandherdaughtersatemporaryplacetostayin.(她和她的同事們?yōu)镋rin和她的女兒們找到了一個(gè)臨時(shí)住處。)”可知，Erin一家找到了新的住所，所以這里是說鄰居們?yōu)樗齻兙枇诵录宜璧奈锲?。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：知道外面有人關(guān)心我，我真的很暖心。A.remain保持；B.insist堅(jiān)持；C.care關(guān)心；D.share分享。根據(jù)句中的“warmsmyheart”和下文中的“therearegoodpeopleintheworld”并結(jié)合上文警察和社區(qū)對(duì)Erin一家的幫助可知，世界上有善良的好人會(huì)關(guān)心他人。故選C。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)WhenIfirstmovedawayfromhometostudy,Istartedoutlivinginstudenthousing.Weallhadourownrooms,buteveryfloorsharedakitchenandacommonroom.Therewasnosupervisionfromfamilymembers,andwewereexpectedtotakecareofourselves.Ihadaneighborwhohad,likemostofus,justmovedawayfromhome.Itwashisfirsttimeonhisown,andhefeltunhappy.WehadtoteachthispoorboyEVERYTHING.Itstartedwiththemysteryofwhytheplatesinthecupboardwerealwaysgreasy(有油漬的).Itturnedoutthattheboydidn’tknowhehadtousehotwatertowashthedishes;hejustwashedthemincoldwaterandputthemback.Hespentthefirstsixmonthscomplainingabouthowhewasalwaysrunningoutofmoney.Thiswasbecausehedidn’tknowhowtocook.Therestofuslivedontheusualstudentdietandtreatedourselvestoapizzaonweekends.However,hegotfastfoodeverysingleday.Icouldfeedmyselfforamonthonhisweeklymealbudget.Moreover,hehadnoideahowtowashclotheswithawashingmachine.Ihadtotakehimshoppingforlaundrydetergent(洗衣粉)firstbecausehedidn’tknowwhatitwas.Hethoughthecouldjustputordinarysoapinthewashingmachine.Tohiscredit,theboywasverygratefulforthehelpandverydepressedthatnoonehadtaughthimhowtodoallthesethingsbeforehemovedout.Oneday,theboy’smothercametovisit.Hehappilyintroducedallofustohismother.Afterwegraduated,Iwasinvitedtohiswedding.Heintroducedmetohisnewwifeas“theonewhotaughtmehowtobeaman”.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“supervision”inparagraph1mean?A.Difference. B.Guidance. C.Escape. D.Hope.33.Whatcanwelearnabouttheboy?A.Helackedcommonsenseinhousework. B.Hegotmarriedtotheauthor.C.Healwayswasheddishesinhotwater. D.Hedidn’tgetalongwellwithhismother.34.Whydidtheboyalwayshavemoneyproblems?A.Heoftencookedexpensivemeals. B.Heboughthimselfapizzaeverymonth.C.Hetreatedhisneighborsonweekends. D.Hedidn’tknowhowtospendreasonably.35.Whichwordbestdescribestherelationshipbetweentheboyandtheauthor?A.Worrying. B.Poor. C.Close. D.Disappointing.【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在學(xué)生公寓居住時(shí)，遇到了一個(gè)沒什么生活常識(shí)的男孩，作者幫助了他，兩人成為了朋友?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“WhenIfirstmovedawayfromhometostudy,Istartedoutlivinginstudenthousing.(當(dāng)我第一次離開家去學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，我開始住在學(xué)生公寓里)”以及后文“andwewereexpectedtotakecareofourselves(我們被要求照顧好自己)”可知，作者住在學(xué)生公寓，沒有家庭成員的指導(dǎo)，因此需要自己照顧自己。故畫線詞的意思和Guidance最接近。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WehadtoteachthispoorboyEVERYTHING.Itstartedwiththemysteryofwhytheplatesinthecupboardwerealwaysgreasy(有油漬的).Itturnedoutthattheboydidn’tknowhehadtousehotwatertowashthedishes;hejustwashedthemincoldwaterandputthemback.(我們必須教會(huì)這個(gè)可憐的孩子一切。事情開始于櫥柜里的盤子為什么總是油膩的謎團(tuán)。原來這個(gè)男孩不知道他必須用熱水洗碗；他只是用冷水洗了洗，然后放回去)”以及第三段“Moreover,hehadnoideahowtowashclotheswithawashingmachine.Ihadtotakehimshoppingforlaundrydetergent(洗衣粉)firstbecausehedidn’tknowwhatitwas.Hethoughthecouldjustputordinarysoapinthewashingmachine.(此外，他不知道如何用洗衣機(jī)洗衣服。我不得不先帶他去買洗衣粉，因?yàn)樗恢滥鞘鞘裁?。他認(rèn)為他可以把普通的肥皂放在洗衣機(jī)里)”可知，這個(gè)男孩缺乏做家務(wù)的常識(shí)。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“However,hegotfastfoodeverysingleday.Icouldfeedmyselfforamonthonhisweeklymealbudget.(然而，他每天都吃快餐。靠他每周的伙食預(yù)算，我可以養(yǎng)活自己一個(gè)月)”可推斷，這個(gè)男孩不會(huì)理性消費(fèi)。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Tohiscredit,theboywasverygratefulforthehelpandverydepressedthatnoonehadtaughthimhowtodoallthesethingsbeforehemovedout.(值得贊揚(yáng)的是，這個(gè)男孩非常感激別人的幫助，但他很沮喪，因?yàn)樵谒岢鋈ブ皼]有人教他怎么做這些事情)”以及最后一段“Oneday,theboy’smothercametovisit.Hehappilyintroducedallofustohismother,Afterwegraduated,Iwasinvitedtohiswedding.Heintroducedmetohisnewwifeas“theonewhotaughtmehowtobeaman”.(一天，男孩的媽媽來看他。他很高興地把我們大家介紹給他的母親。畢業(yè)后，我被邀請(qǐng)參加他的婚禮。他把我介紹給他的新婚妻子，說她是“教會(huì)我如何做人的人”)”可推斷，男孩和作者的關(guān)系很親密。故選C。(B)TheMaldivesguaranteesthewhitestsandbeachesandanunforgettableunderwaterworld.Hereareplacesthatyoucanvisithere.PatinsMaldives,FariIslandsTheFariIslandssitinthenortheastoftheNorthMaleAtoll,a45-minutespeedboatrideora15-minuteseaplaneflightfromElanaInternationalAirport.Unlikemostoftheotherplacesonthislist,Patinarecentlyopenedsoyoucancheckinrightnowifyou’reinneedofanurgentescape.Avani+FaresMaldivesResortJusta30-minuteseaplaneridefromVelanaInternationalAirport,theAvani+FaresMaldivesResortsitsonanislandsurroundedbyalagooninthewestoftheresort.Uniqueandremarkablebiodiversitycanbefoundinitscoralreefs,seagrassbedsandmangroves.Watchoutforhawksbillturtles,raysandfriendlyreefsharks.VillaHavenIfyou’readeep-seadiver,thisplacewillprovidealuxuriousbaseasyouexploretheresort’smanyexperiences.Theirbotanicalgardensproducecoconuts,tropicalfruits,vegetablesandherbsthatwillallbeservedupinVillaHaven’srestaurants,whilesustainablelocalmaterialsarealsobeingusedintheconstructionoftheresort.ConradMaldivesRangaliThetwin-islandpropertyboastssomefirstsincludingtheworld’sfirsteverundersearestaurantandfirstunderwaterbedroom.Tomarktheresort’sanniversary,50over-watervillashavebeenrevitalized,ashavethreerestaurantsandbars.Brandnewadditionsincludeanadults-onlygym,MajaaExplorersHubandrestaurantsandtheFuraavaruTeensClub.36.WhichoneismostlikelytogotoPatinaMaldives,FariIslandsfortravelling?A.Lily,astudentmajoringinmarinebiology.B.Justine,acookdesigningamenuofseafood.C.Tom,anoverseasstudentonatightschedule.D.Alice,aretiredprofessorlookingforrelaxation.37.WhatcanyoudoinVillaHaven?A.Havedinnerintheundersearestaurant. B.Admirethebotanicalgardens.C.Goonaspeedboattour. D.Workoutinthegym.38.Ifyouareinterestedinseaanimalsliketurtles,whichplacecanyouvisit?A.VillaHaven. B.ConradMaldivesRangali.C.PatinaMaldives,FariIslands. D.Avani+FaresMaldivesResort.39.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.TheFariIslandsarea15-minuteseaplaneflightfromthemainland.B.ConradMaldivesRangaliisequippedwiththeundersearestaurant.C.ThetropicalfishshopandordinarydivingcenterareaccessibleinVillaHaven.D.SustainablematerialsareusedinthebuildingofAvani+FaresMaldivesResort.【答案】36.C37.B38.D39.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了馬爾代夫的四個(gè)度假勝地。【36題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“PatinsMaldives,FariIslands”下面的“Unlikemostoftheotherplacesonthislist,Patinarecentlyopenedsoyoucancheckinrightnowifyou’reinneedofanurgentescape.(與這份清單上的大多數(shù)其他地方不同，Patina最近開業(yè)，所以如果你需要緊急逃離，你可以立即辦理入住手續(xù)。)”可知，Patina適合那些想要緊急逃離現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的游客，可以立即辦理入住手續(xù)，由此可推測(cè)出，湯姆是一名日程緊的留學(xué)生，最適合參觀這里。故選C?！?7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“VillaHaven”下面的“Theirbotanicalgardensproducecoconuts,tropicalfruits,vegetablesandherbsthatwillallbeservedupinVillaHaven’srestaurants(他們的植物園生產(chǎn)椰子、熱帶水果、蔬菜和草藥，這些都將在VillaHaven的餐廳供應(yīng))”可知，可以在VillaHaven欣賞植物園。故選B?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Avani+FaresMaldivesResort”下面的“Uniqueandremarkablebiodiversitycanbefoundinitscoralreefs,seagrassbedsandmangroves.Watchoutforhawksbillturtles,raysandfriendlyreefsharks.(在珊瑚礁、海草床和紅樹林中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)獨(dú)特而顯著的生物多樣性。要小心鷹嘴龜、鰩魚和友好的礁鯊。)”可知，如果你對(duì)海洋動(dòng)物感興趣，你可以參觀Avani+FaresMaldivesResort。故選D?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ConradMaldivesRangali”下面的“Thetwin-islandpropertyboastssomefirstsincludingtheworld’sfirsteverundersearestaurantandfirstunderwaterbedroom.(這處雙子島房產(chǎn)擁有一些第一，包括世界上第一家海底餐廳和第一間水下臥室。)”可知，ConradMaldivesRangali擁有水下餐廳。故選B。(C)Ridingthebustoschoolcouldbekeepingsomekidsoutofclass.Mostschoolbusesrunonfuel.Thosebusessendoutpollution,includingtinyparticlesandgases.Busridersgetexposedtohighlevelsofthispollution.Whenbreathedin,itcanleadtobreathingproblems,suchasasthma(哮喘),whichmaykeepkidshomefromschool.Butreplacingtheworst-pollutingbusesshouldcutdownonstudentabsences,anewstudyshows.ThestudyfocusedonschoolsthatwereaskedtotakepartinaU.S.governmentprogram.Theprogramofferedschoolscashbackformoneyspentoncleanerschoolbuses.The2,816schooldistrictsinthenewstudyallaskedforthemoney.Butnotallgotit.Only383werepickedtoreceivefunding.Winningdistrictscouldbuynewbusesanddesertoldones.Theprogramstartedin2012.From2012to2017,thewinningdistrictsverylikelyhadlessbuspollution.Andayearaftergettingnewbuses,studentattendancehadimprovedinthosedistricts.Foranaveragedistrictof10,000students,aboutsixmorestudentsattendedschooleachdayinthewinningdistricts.Districtsthatreplacedtheoldestbuseshadanaverageof45morestudentsinschooleachday.Thosenumbersmaysoundsmall,buttheycanaddup,saysMeredithPedde,anenvironmentalepidemiologist(流行病學(xué)家).Almost3millionU.S.kidsrideschoolbusesmorethan20yearsold,herteamfigures.Replacingallofthoseoldbusescouldmean1.3millionfewerstudentabsenceseachyear,thedatasuggest.Andschoolattendancemattersforstudentachievement.NowtheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)hasanewprogramforschoolbuses.It’soffering$5billionthrough2026toreplaceoldfuelbuseswithcleanerones.AlmostallU.S.schooldistrictscanapplyforthenewrebates.Butschoolsinlow-incomeareasandinruralareaswillgetpriority.Kidsintheseareastendtofacethemosthealthrisksfromoldbuses,EPAnotes.Andanythingthatcutsairpollution,Peddesays,shouldimprovestudenthealth.40.Whatistheprimaryreasonwhyridingthebustoschoolmightleadtostudentabsences?A.Seriousfuelshortageforschoolbuses.B.Lackofavailableseatsonschoolbuses.C.Highriskofdiseasespreadinginabus.D.Highlevelsofpollutionfromschoolbuses.41.WhatdoesMeredithPeddesuggestabouttheimpactofreplacingoldbuses?A.Itincreaseshealthrisksforstudents.B.Itisacostlyandineffectivemeasure.C.Ithelpstoimprovestudentattendances.D.Ithasnosignificanteffectonabsences.42.Whatdoestheunderlineword“rebates”inParagraph5probablyreferto?A.Financialaids.B.Schoolposts.C.Healthbenefits.D.Publicresources.43.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Todescribethepotentialriskofschoolbuses.B.Totalkabouttheuseofcleanerschoolbuses.C.Todiscusstheimportanceofdecreasingabsence.D.Tocallonthegovernmenttoimproveschoolbuses.【答案】40.D41.C42.A43.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了燃油校車因?yàn)槲廴締栴}，影響學(xué)生的健康，從而降低去學(xué)校的出勤率。但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，更換污染最嚴(yán)重的校車應(yīng)該會(huì)減少學(xué)生的缺勤?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Busridersgetexposedtohighlevelsofthispollution.Whenbreathedin,itcanleadtobreathingproblems,suchasasthma(哮喘),whichmaykeepkidshomefromschool.(校車乘客暴露在高水平的這種污染中。當(dāng)被吸入時(shí)，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致呼吸問題，比如哮喘，這可能會(huì)讓孩子們不能上學(xué))”可知，坐校車上學(xué)可能導(dǎo)致學(xué)生缺課的主要原因是這些校車污染嚴(yán)重，會(huì)引發(fā)孩子的健康問題。故選D?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Replacingallofthoseoldbusescouldmean1.3millionfewerstudentabsenceseachyear,thedatasuggest.Andschoolattendancemattersforstudentachievement.(更換所有這些舊校車可能意味著每年減少130萬學(xué)生缺課。出勤率對(duì)學(xué)生的成績(jī)很重要)”可知，MeredithPedd認(rèn)為更換舊校車可提高學(xué)生的出勤率。故選C。【42題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段劃線詞前“It’soffering$5billionthrough2026toreplaceoldfuelbuseswithcleanerones.(到2026年，政府將提供50億美元用更清潔的公交車取代舊的燃油公交車)”后“Butschoolsinlow-incomeareasandinruralareaswillgetpriority.(但低收入地區(qū)和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的學(xué)校將得到優(yōu)先考慮)”可知，劃線詞rebates和“錢”相關(guān)，所以指的是Financialaids。故選A?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了更清潔的校車取代舊的燃油校車，去改善學(xué)生健康，提高學(xué)校出勤率。由此推知，這篇文章的目的是談?wù)撌褂酶鍧嵉男＼?。故選B。Ⅲ.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.44.下個(gè)月起，他開始負(fù)責(zé)樂隊(duì)的管理工作。(takeon)(漢譯英)______________________________________________________________【答案】Fromnextmonth,hewilltakeontheresponsibilityofmanagingtheband.【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)?！皬南聜€(gè)月起”可以翻譯為“fromnextmonth”，在句中作時(shí)間狀語。主語為he，takeon為動(dòng)詞短語，意為“承擔(dān)，接受（尤指艱巨工作或重大責(zé)任）”，在句中作謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語fromnextmonth可知本句為一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。“負(fù)責(zé)樂隊(duì)的管理工作”可以翻譯為“takeontheresponsibilityofmanagingtheband”。故翻譯為Fromthismonth,hewilltakeontheresponsibility

ofmanagingtheband.45.科學(xué)探索和自然棲息地的消亡是如何影響南極洲(Antarctica)的?(affect)(漢譯英)______________________________________________________________【答案】HowdoscientificexplorationandtheextinctionofnaturalhabitatsaffectAntarctica?【詳析】考查特殊疑問句、動(dòng)詞、形容詞和名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句應(yīng)為how引出的特殊疑問句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：How+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語+其他？根據(jù)句中的“科學(xué)探索和自然棲息地的消亡”和“影響”可知。這里應(yīng)用助動(dòng)詞do?！翱茖W(xué)”可表示為scientific，為形容詞作定語；“探索”可表示為exploration，為不可數(shù)名詞；“自然”可表示為natural，為形容詞作定語；“棲息地”可表示為habit，為可數(shù)名詞，這里應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)；“消亡”可表示為extinction，為不可數(shù)名詞；“影響”可表示為affect。本句可翻譯為：HowdoscientificexplorationandtheextinctionofnaturalhabitatsaffectAntarctica?46.他演講中的一些與氣候有關(guān)的話語讓聽眾感到驚奇。(which)(漢譯英)______________________________________________________________【答案】Somewordsinhisspeech,whichwererelatedtoclimate,surprisedtheaudience.【詳析】考查定語從句、固定搭配和時(shí)態(tài)?！八葜v中”可表示為inhisspeech；“一些話語”可表示為somewords；“與……有關(guān)”可表示為berelatedto；“氣候”可表示為climate；“讓……感到驚奇”可表示為surprise；“聽眾”可表示為theaudience。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“一些與氣候有關(guān)的”修飾“一些話語”，可用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句表示。根據(jù)句意，這里表示的是過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故本句可翻譯為：Somewordsinhisspeech,whichwererelatedtoclimate,surprisedtheaudi