2025屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)常考題型精練（1）-閱讀理解（含解析）

（1）閱讀理解—2025屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)常考題型精練一、Theskinisanessentialpartofyourbodyandisitslargestorgan.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.CAUSESOFBURNSYoucangetburntbyavarietyofthings:hotliquids,steam,fire,radiation,thesun,electricity,acids,orotherchemicals.TYPESOFBURNSBurnsaredividedintothreetypes,dependingonthedepthofskindamage.●First-degreeburnsTheseaffectonlythetopfewmillimetresoftheskin.Theseburnsarenotserious.Examplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbyotherminorhouseholdincidents.●Second-degreeburnsThesegobelowthetoplayeroftheskin.Theyareseriousandtakeafewweekstogetbetter.Examplesincludeburnscausedbyhotliquids.●Third-degreeburnsTheseaffecteverylayeroftheskinandsometimesthetissueunderit.Examplesincludeburnscausedbyelectricshocks,burningclothes,orpetrolfires.Theseburnscauseverysevereinternalinjuriesandthevictimmustgotothehospitalatonce.FIRST-AIDTREATMENTPlaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.Thecoolwaterstopstheburningprocessandreducesthepainandswelling.Drytheburntareagentlywithacleancloth.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.Covertheburntareawithaloosecleancloth.Applyingoiltotheinjuredareasisabadidea,asitwillkeeptheheatinthewoundsandmaycauseinfection.Ifburnsareontheface,makesurethevictimcanstillbreathe.Ifthevictimissufferingfromsecondorthird-degreeburns,thereisanurgentneedtotakehim/hertothehospitalatonce.1.Whatisanexampleofafirst-degreeburnmentionedinthetext?A.Aslightkitchenburn. B.Aburnfromveryhotwater.C.Asevereburnfromapetrolfire. D.Adeeptissuedamagefromsteam.2.Whyshouldn'toilbeappliedtoburn?A.Itisapoorconductorofheat.B.Itcanworsentheburnbytrappingheat.C.Itwillincreasepainandcauseimmediatescarring.D.Itmayleadtoinfectionbycreatingawetenvironment.3.Wherewouldyouexpecttofindtheinformationabove?A.Afinancialnewsletter. B.Abeautyandskincareguide.C.Ahomeimprovementmagazine. D.Afirst-aidbook.二、KobeEarthquakeMemorialMuseumHistoryKobeEarthquakeMemorialMuseumisdevotedtotheeventsandaftermathoftheKobeEarthquake,amagnitude(震級(jí))7.3earthquakethatoccurredat5:46amonJanuary17,1995.Over6,000peoplelosttheirliveswiththemajorityoftheminKobe,justtothenorthofAwajiIsland.TheearthquakewasJapan’sworstearthquakeofthe20thcenturyaftertheGreatKantoEarthquakein1923.Over400,000buildingsweredamagedandanumberofrailwaybridgescollapsed.ExhibitsVisitorsareadvisedtobegintheirtouronthefourthfloorwitha7-minutevideo.ThenAfurther15-minutevideo“LivingwithThisCity”tellsthestoryoftheeventsaftertheearthquakeandthereliefeffortstorestoreshelter,power,waterandfoodsuppliestothepeopleofKobe.Thethirdfloorcontainsawallpanelwiththerecollectionsofsurvivors,inparticularyoungchildrenwholivedthroughtheevent.Thereareanumberofinteractiveexhibitstoinformandeducatevisitorsabouttheeventincludingavideoofsurvivorsrelatingtheirownexperiences.Thesecondfloorhasexhibitsandworkshopsondisastermanagement.TheEastBuildingalsoshowsadocumentaryontheKobeEarthquaketwiceanhour.Admission600yenperadult;450yenperuniversitystudent;300yenperhighschooler;juniorhighschoolersandbelowarefree.Hours9:30am-5:30pm(Monday-Friday);9:30am-7:00pm(Saturday&Sunday)4.Whatcanvisitorsdointhemuseum?A.Understandthehistoryofalltheearthquakes.B.Watchthe7-minutevideo“LivingwithThisCity”.C.Experiencesomemutuallyengagedexhibits.D.Learnaboutdisastermanagementonthethirdfloor.5.Howmuchshouldahighschoolerandhisparentspayiftheyvisitthemuseum?A.900yen. B.1,200yen.C.1,500yen. D.1,650yen6.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelguidetoamuseum.B.Adescriptionofamuseum.C.Anessayontheearthquake.D.Anintroductiontotheearthquake.三、Onaquietafternoon,asthesunlightshonethroughthecurtainsandcastawarmglowontheattic(閣樓)floor,Istartedajourneythroughtime.Itwasthere,inthecornerbehindtheoldsuitcase,thatImadeafascinatingdiscovery—ashoeboxfilledwitholdletters.Theseletters,tiedtogetherwithafadedribbon,wereacollectionofconversationsbetweenmygrandmotherandherfriendsfrompasttime.Thedustysmellofagedpaperandinkfilledtheair,transportingmetoatimewhencommunicationwasadeliberateandheartfeltact.Inanagewhereasimpletextoremailcanconveyourthoughts,theselettersservedasadeeplytouchingreminderofthedepthandmeaningthatcanbefoundinthewrittenword.Theyweremorethanjustmessages;theywerepiecesofalife,snapshotsofatime,andmostimportantly,theywereabridgebetweenthepastandthepresent,betweenmygrandmother'sgenerationandmyown.Withtheletterssafelybackintheirrestingplace,Imadeaquietpromisetomyself—topickuppenandpapermoreoften,towritenotjustmessages,butlittlepiecesofhistorythatfuturegenerationsmightonedaycherish.Inaworldracingtowardsthefuture,it'stheoldlettersthatremindustoslowdown,toappreciatethemoment,andtowriteourownstorieswithcare.Andperhaps,oneday,someonewillfindmylettersandexperiencethesamejoyofdiscovery,thesamesenseofconnectionacrosstheyears.Fornow,theatticholdsnotjustboxesofoldlettersbutalsothepromiseofstoriesyettobetold.7.Whatdoestheauthorconsidertheletterstobe?A.Simplemessagesfromthepast. B.Bridgesbetweendifferentgenerations.C.Outdatedcommunicationmethods. D.Unimportantthingsofpasttime.8.Whatpersonalresolutiondoestheauthormakeafterreflectingontheletters?A.Tocleantheatticofunnecessaryitems.B.Todigitizeallfamilylettersforpreservation.C.Tolearnmoreaboutthehistoryofthefamily.D.Towritemorefrequentlytomaintainconnections.9.Whichsentencemaytheauthoragreeaccordingtothepassage?A.Everyfamilyhasastorytotell.B.Thepenisstrongerthanthesword.C.Oldletterscarryvoicesfromthepast.D.Thehandthatwritesthehistorymakesthehistory.10.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TreasureinLetters. B.AJourneyThroughtheAttic.C.DigitalDistraction. D.ThePowerofPenandInk.四、TheSierraNevadarangeisincomparableinscale(規(guī)模),andthere'snobetterwaytoseeitthantoappreciateeveryspectacularviewwithyourownhardwalking.Myhusband,ourkidsandIplannedtocoverthenorthernhalfoftheJohnMuirtrailintwoweeks,whichisalong-distancetrailintheSierraNevadamountainrange.ThetrailsnakesalongthebackboneoftheHighSierra,pastlakes,overmountainpasses,andthroughdustypineforestsandbeautifulwildflowers.Wesetexpectationsbeforewestarted:thiswouldbetough,butworthit.Togetourkidsmoreinvolved,weletthemhavethemap,decidewhentostopforsnacksandchoosewhichlakestojumpinto.Inthisway,theyfeltempowered.Fortwoweeks,wedidn'thavetoworryaboutmanagingvideogametime.Instead,theboys-builtdamsandbridgesacrossstreams,climbedandswam,andonelunchtime,spentanhourslappingsleepyfliesandfeedingthemtofish.Sometimes,theyrefusedtocarrytheirpacksandcomplainedaboutfeethurting.Butthesemomentswerefaroutweighedbyextraordinaryburstsofenergyandenthusiasm—particularlywhenwe'dbeenslogginguphillforhoursandamountaintopfinallycameintoview,ourkidsevendecidedweneededtopushon.Bythetimewefinished,wehadwalked112miles,averagingabout10milesaday.Wehadcrossedfivemountainpasses,sufferedfootpainandhadterriblesleep.Butwewererighttobeconfidentaboutourkids'ability.Throughtheadventure,theywill,Ihope,understandwhattheyaretrulycapableof,howperseveranceleadstobiggerrewardslateron,andwhatitfeelsliketobeencouragedandsupportedsothattheycanachievesomethinggreat.11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinparagraph1?A.WheretheJohnMuirtrailleadsto.B.Thefamilyhavegreatpassionforhiking.C.TheSierraNevadamountainrangeisworthhiking.D.WhytheSierraNevadarangeissoattractivetokids.12.Howdidthecouplegivetheirkidsfreedomduringtheadventure?A.Theypromisedthemabonus.B.Theyofferedthemenoughsnacks.C.Theyexposedthemtoallkindsofanimals.D.Theygavethemthepowertomakedecisions.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthekidsfromparagraph3?A.Theylikedplayingwithfish. B.Theyhadastrongwill.C.Theyweretiredbutpersevering. D.Theywereunwillingtotakethistripatfirst.14.Whatdoestheauthorhopethekidswouldgainfromthisadventure?A.Strategiesforhiking.B.Someinvaluablelifeskills.C.Waystoimprovethefamilyrelationship.D.Geographicalknowledgeaboutthetrail.五、EnvironmentaljournalistAdriaVasilhasamessagethatmightdisturbyourshoppingplans.Avoidreturningonlinepurchases,sheurges,sincethevastmajorityarethrownawayorburned.Inaninterview,Vasilexplainedthatit'softennotworthacompany'stimeormoneytosendsomeonetoeyeballtheproductandsay,'Isthisuptostandard?Isthisreturnable?Didsomeonedamagetheboxinsomeway?'Andifit'sclothing,ithastobere-pressedandputbackinanicepackage.Shoppinghabitshavechangedinrecentyears,andtheamountofassociatedwastehasalsoexploded.Overthepastfiveyears,returnsbyCanadianshaveincreasedby95%.Ahugepartoftheissueisapracticecalled"bracketing",wheresomeoneordersmultiplesizesinordertogettherightoneandthenshipsbacktheonesthatdon'tfit.Brands(品牌)donotwanttodealwiththosereturns.They'dratherjustgetridofthem.Nordotheywishtodonatethembecausethatcould"devalue"theirbrand.Vasilurgesshopperstoreconsiderreturninggoods.Ifsomethingdoesn'tfit,askifitcanbepassedontosomeoneelseordonated.Shesuggestsbuyingsecond-handitems.Whatshedoesn'tsaydirectlyisthatperhapsweshouldchangeourconsumptionmodel.Notonlycouldthislimitconsumerismandthepurchaseofgoodswedon'treallyneed,butitwouldalsoforceustovisitthestoreinperson,whichhastheaddedbenefitofsupportinglocalbusinessowners.Storepoliciescouldbechangedtolimitreturns.There'salreadyaprecedent.ThePackageFreeShop,runbyzerowasteexpertLaurenSinger,hasano-returnspolicyandsaysthatifthereareanyissueswithaproduct,they'llbeaddressedonacase-by-casebasis.Butreally,ifwe'rebeinghonest,juststarttakingresponsibilityforourshoppinghabits.Everythingwillleaveafootprintontheearth,soweneedtoreducemanufacturingdemand.Buyonlywhatyouneedandwilluse,andmaketheextraefforttogotoastoreandtrysomethingon.15.AccordingtoAdriaVasil,______.A.onlinepurchasesmightbereducedB.returnscannotbesoldatfullpriceC.allthereturnsmustberepackagedD.returnsmayresultinadditionallaborcosts16.Whatisthemainreasonforthelargenumberofreturns?A.Brands'willingnesstoreceivereturneditems.B.Unreliablesizingstandardsforonlineclothing.C.Thepopularityofbracketingamongconsumers.D.Anincreaseinthepurchaseofnon-essentialgoods.17.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inparagraph4probablyreferto?A.Avoidingonlineshopping. B.Givingupreturnedgoods.C.Refusingnewpurchases. D.Donatingsecond-handproducts.18.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Onlinestoresshouldhandlereturnsdifferently.B.Consumersshouldadoptresponsibleshoppinghabits.C.Zero-wasteshopsaretheultimatesolutiontoreturns.D.Returnsarecrucialformaintainingcustomersatisfaction.六、Awarblerweighsaboutthesameasfourpennies,buttwiceayearmakesanextraordinaryjourney.Itfliesnearly4,000milesbetweenCanada'sspruceforestanditswinteringgroundsinnorthernSouthAmerica.Anewonlineatlas(地圖冊(cè))ofbirdmigration,publishedrecently,drawsfromahugenumberofscientificandcommunitydatasourcestoillustratetheroutesofabout450birdspeciesintheAmericas,includingthewarblers.TheBirdMigrationExplorermappingtool,availablefreetothepublic,isanongoingcollaboration(合作)of11groupsthatcollectandanalyzedataonbirdmovements,includingtheUSGeologicalSurveyandtheNationalAudubonSociety.Forthefirsttime,thesitewillbringtogetheronlinedatafromhundredsofscientificstudiesthatusesGPStagstotrackbirdmovements,aswellasmorethan100yearsofbird-bandingdatacollectedbyUSGS."Thepasttwentyyearshaveseenatruerenaissanceindifferenttechnologiestotrackbirdmigrationsaroundtheworld,"saidPeterMarra,abirdmigrationexpert.Thesiteallowsausertoenteraspecies—forinstance,osprey—andwatchmovementsoverthecourseofayear.Forexample,datafrom378trackedospreysshowupasyellowdotsthatmovebetweencoastalNorthAmericaandSouthAmericaasacalendarbargoesthroughthemonthsoftheyear.Oruserscanenterthecitywheretheyliveandclickelsewhereonthemapforapartiallistofbirdsthatmigratebetweenthetwolocations.Forexample,ospreysand12otherspeciesmigratebetweenWashington,D.C.andFonteBoa,Brazil.Asnewtrackingdatabecomesavailable,thesitewillcontinuetoexpand.MelanieSmith,directorforthesite,saidthenextphaseofexpansionwouldaddmoredataaboutseabirds.19.Whatisawarbler?A.Akindofbird. B.Amoneysystem.C.Amappingtool. D.Ameansoftransport.20.WhatcanwelearnaboutBirdMigrationExplorer?A.Itisahuge"database". B.Itisavailableforasmallfee.C.Itcanhelpprotectbiodiversity. D.Itissupportedbyacompany.21.Whatshouldusersdoiftheywanttoknowthejourneyofsomebird?A.Enteritshabitatsinthesite. B.Clicktheroutesinthesite.C.Inputitsnameinthesite. D.Exploreitshistoryinthesite.22.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmean?A.Thesiteisfarfromperfect.B.Thesitewillgetupdatesbasedonnewdata.CThesitewillonlyfocusonseabirdsinthefuture.D.Thesitehasnewdevelopmentdirections.七、Tenyearsago,Isetouttoexamineluck.Iwantedtoknowwhysomepeoplewerealwaysintherightplaceattherighttime,whileothersconsistentlyexperiencedillfortune.Iplacedadvertisementsinnationalnewspapersaskingforpeoplewhofeltconsistentlyluckyorunlucky.Hundredsofextraordinarymenandwomenvolunteeredformyresearch.OvertheyearsIhaveinterviewedthem,monitoredtheirlivesandhadthemtakepartinvariousexperiments.Inoneoftheexperiments,Igavebothluckyandunluckypeopleanewspaper,askingthemtolookthroughitandtellmehowmanyphotographswereinside.Ihadsecretlyplacedalargemessagehalfwaythroughthenewspaper,saying,"Telltheexperimenteryouhaveseenthisandyouwillwin$50."Thismessagetookuphalfofthepageandwaswrittenintypethatwasmorethantwoincheshigh.Itwasstaringeveryoneintheface,buttheunluckypeopletendedtomissitandtheluckypeopletendedtospotit.Unluckypeoplearegenerallymorenervousthanluckypeople,andthisanxietyaffectstheirabilitytonoticetheunexpected.Asaresult,theymissopportunitiesbecausetheyaretoofocusedonlookingforsomethingelse.Theygotogatheringsconcentratingonfindingtheirperfectpartnersandmissopportunitiestomakegoodfriends.Theylookthroughnewspapersdeterminedtofindcertaintypesofjobadvertisementsandmissothertypesofjobs.Luckypeoplearemorerelaxedandopen,andthereforeseewhatisthereratherthanjustwhattheyarelookingfor.Myresearcheventuallyshowedthatluckypeopleareskilledatnoticingopportunities,makeluckydecisionsbylisteningtotheirintuition(直覺(jué)),areopentonewexperiences,andadoptanever-say-dieattitudethattransformsbadluckintogoodluck.23.What'sthepurposeoftheauthor'sresearch?A.Todiscoverwhatluckmeanstopeople.B.Tofindluckypeopleandunluckypeople.C.Todistinguishbetweengoodluckandbadluck.D.Tofigureoutwhypeoplearealwaysluckyorunlucky.24.Whydidtheunluckypeoplemissthemessageintheexperiment?A.Therewastoomuchinformationtobereadindetail.B.Theyweretoofocusedonlookingforphotographs.C.Ittooktoomuchtimetogothroughnewspapers.D.Thewordsweretoosmalltobenoticed.25.Whatleadstoluckypeople'sgoodfortune?A.Theirabilitytospotopportunities. B.Theirabilitytobecomerelaxed.C.Theirabilitytocommunicate. D.Theirabilitytomakefriends.26.What'sthekeymessageofthelastparagraph?A.Whatluckypeoplearelookingfor.B.Howluckypeoplegenerategoodluck.CWhatluckypeoplecandowithopportunities.D.Howluckypeopletransformbadluckintogoodluck.八、Middleschool.Forteensandtheirparents.thetwowordscanarouseanxiety,fearandevenhorror.Kidsare,allofasudden,reallygrowingup.Theirbodiesarechanging:they'redroppingsomeoftheirchildhoodinterestsandtryingonnewones.Friendshipsformandaretornapart.Academicexpectationsgrowbigger.Butsomebooks-likethenovelCurlfriends:NewinTown,writtenanddrawnbyShareeMiller-remindusofthemanypossibilitiesandexcitementsthatpresentthemselveswithinthosechallengingyears.Thebookfollows12-year-oldCharlieHarper,beginningherfirstdayofmiddleschool.Thisisnosmallchange,andinordertocope.Charliepromisesto"completelyreinvent"herself.Sheistiredoflettingotherpeoplelabelherandisreadytotakecontrolofherownstory.Whatfollowsisaseriesofmeetings,firstwithNola.SheintroducesCharlietoherlunchtimecrew.Thegirlscometogetheraroundsharedparticularsoftheirlives-homework.girlhoodandfashion-eveniftheirdifferencesintastesandpersonalitiescreatecracksofuncertaintyfromtimetotime.Curlfriendsisadelightfulbookpackedwithsunnyillustrations.Italsocutsintotheheartofthechallengingtensionsthatarepartofthisintermediatestageoflife.Youngteenswanttobeknownandseenbyothers,buttheyarealsocomingtotermswithwhotheyare.Itcanbetricky,forexample,todistinguishbetweenthepassionsandpastimesthatyourparentspickedforyouandthoseyouactivelycaretopursue.Itcanbedifficulttofigureoutwhatyoulikeandwhatyouarelike.Curlfriendsisalsoabookaboutfindingone'spassions,responsibilitiesandindependencedespitechangingsituations.Itisasmuchaboutexpressionsofself-respectasitisaboutshowingcareforothers.TheoneconstantinCharlie'slifeisherloveofdrawing.andit'sthroughartthatshefiguresouthowtomarkherplaceinmiddleschool.It'snotallunderhercontrol,but,aswithgoodart,sometimesmistakesalongthewayendupmakingforthemostamazingdetails.27.WhatisthecentralthemeexploredinCurlfriends:NewinTown?A.Thechallengesofstudiesduringtheteenageyears.B.Thedifficultyofmakingnewfriendsinmiddleschool.C.Thetransformationsandopportunitiesingrowingup.D.Theimpactofparentalexpectationsonteenagers.28.WhatdoesCharlieplantodoinmiddleschool?A.Listentoothersmorecarefully. B.Followherheartandpassions.C.Liveuptoherparents'expectations. D.Bemoreconfidentandoutgoing.29.WhatisthetoneofthebookCurlfriends:NewinTown?A.Seriousandformal. B.Light-heartedandinspiring.C.Humorousandcarefree. D.Coldandindifferent.30.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.FindingHerPlace B.MaintainingFriendships.C.ChangingwithTimes. D.SeekingthePassions.

答案以及解析一、1.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)First-degreeburns部分“Theseaffectonlythetopfewmillimetresoftheskin.Theseburnsarenotserious.Examplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbyotherminorhouseholdincidents.”(這些燒傷不嚴(yán)重。例子包括輕微的曬傷和其他輕微的家庭事故造成的燒傷)可知，輕微的曬傷和其他輕微的家庭事故造成的燒傷屬于一度燒傷，這些燒傷不嚴(yán)重；由此可知，輕微的廚房燒傷正是輕微的家居事故所致的燒傷，屬于一度燒傷。故選C項(xiàng)。2.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FIRST-AIDTREATMENT部分“Covertheburntareawithaloosecleancloth.Applyingoiltotheinjuredareasisabadidea,asitwillkeeptheheatinthewoundsandmaycauseinfection.”(用一塊干凈的布覆蓋燒傷部位。受傷部位涂油是個(gè)壞主意，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)讓傷口保持熱度，并可能導(dǎo)致感染)可知，涂油會(huì)把熱量保留在傷口中，從而加重?zé)齻?。故選B項(xiàng)。3.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題CAUSESOFBURNS、TYPESOFBURNS、FIRST-AIDTREATMENT以及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章介紹了燒傷的原因、種類(lèi)及緊急處理措施，這些屬于急救知識(shí)，因此上文信息會(huì)在急救書(shū)籍中出現(xiàn)，故選D項(xiàng)。二、4.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Exhibits部分第二段Thereareanumberofinteractiveexhibitstoinformandeducatevisitorsabouttheeventincludingavideoofsurvivorsrelatingtheirownexperiences.(有許多互動(dòng)展覽可以向游客介紹和教育該事件，其中包括幸存者講述自己經(jīng)歷的視頻可知，游客在博物館里可以體驗(yàn)一些相互接觸的展覽。故選C。5.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admission中的600yenperadult;…300yenperhighschooler(大人600元…高中生300日元)可計(jì)算出，一個(gè)高中生和他的父母參觀(guān)博物館應(yīng)該花:600*2+300-1500日元，故選C。6.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了神戶(hù)地震紀(jì)念館的相關(guān)信息，包括其歷史，展出內(nèi)容，費(fèi)用以及開(kāi)放時(shí)間。由此可推知，文章可能選自博物館旅游指南。故選A。三、7.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第三段“Theyweremorethanjustmessages;theywerepiecesofalife,snapshotsofatime,andmostimportantly,theywereabridgebetweenthepastandthepresent,betweenmygrandmother'sgenerationandmyown.(它們不僅僅是信息；它們是生活的片段，是一個(gè)時(shí)代的快照，最重要的是，它們是連接過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在、連接我祖母那一代人和我這一代人的橋梁。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為信件是不同代人之間的橋梁。故選B。8.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Withtheletterssafelybackintheirrestingplace,Imadeaquietpromisetomyself—topickuppenandpapermoreoften,towritenotjustmessages,butlittlepiecesofhistorythatfuturegenerationsmightonedaycherish.(當(dāng)這些信件被安全地放回它們的安息地時(shí)，我悄悄地對(duì)自己承諾—要經(jīng)常拿起筆和紙，不僅要寫(xiě)信息，還要寫(xiě)一些未來(lái)幾化人可能會(huì)珍惜的歷史片段)”可知，作者決定多寫(xiě)信以保持聯(lián)系。故選D。9.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inaworldracingtowardsthefuture,it'stheoldlettersthatremindustoslowdown,toappreciatethemoment,andtowriteourownstorieswithcare.(在一個(gè)奔向未來(lái)的世界里，正是這些古老的信件提醒我們放慢腳步，珍惜當(dāng)下，用心書(shū)寫(xiě)我們自己的故事)”可知，作者認(rèn)為舊信承載著過(guò)去的聲音。故選C。10.答案：A解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inaworldracingtowardsthefuture,it'stheoldlettersthatremindustoslowdown,toappreciatethemoment,andtowriteourownstorieswithcare.Andperhaps,oneday,someonewillfindmylettersandexperiencethesamejoyofdiscovery,thesamesenseofconnectionacrosstheyears.Fornow,theatticholdsnotjustboxesofoldlettersbutalsothepromiseofstoriesyettobetold.(在一個(gè)奔向未來(lái)的世界里，正是這些古老的信件提醒我們放慢腳步，珍惜當(dāng)下，用心書(shū)寫(xiě)我們自己的故事。也許，有一天，有人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我的信，并體驗(yàn)到同樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)的喜悅，同樣的多年來(lái)的聯(lián)系感。目前，閣樓上存放的不僅是一箱箱的舊信件還有尚未被講述的故事。)”以及全文可知，文章主要描述了作者在發(fā)掘祖母的信件后，受其深刻意義的影響，立志通過(guò)書(shū)寫(xiě)與后代建立聯(lián)系。故選A。四、11.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"TheSierraNevadarangeisincomparableinscale(規(guī)模),andthere'snobetterwaytoseeitthantoappreciateeveryspectacularviewwithyourownhardwalking.(塞拉內(nèi)華達(dá)山脈的規(guī)模無(wú)與倫比，欣賞它的每一個(gè)壯觀(guān)景色最好的方式就是用自己的雙腳去行走。)"可知，作者在第一段想要告訴我們?nèi)瓋?nèi)華達(dá)山脈值得一游。故選C。12.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Togetourkidsmoreinvolved,weletthemhavethemap,decidewhentostopforsnacksandchoosewhichlakestojumpinto.Inthisway,theyfeltempowered.(為了讓我們的孩子們更多地參與進(jìn)來(lái)，我們讓他們掌握地圖，決定什么時(shí)候停下來(lái)吃零食，選擇跳進(jìn)哪個(gè)湖里。這樣，他們就感覺(jué)到了被賦予權(quán)力。)"可知，這對(duì)夫婦在冒險(xiǎn)中給孩子們自由的方式是讓他們做決定。故選D。13.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Butthesemomentswerefaroutweighedbyextraordinaryburstsofenergyandenthusiasm—particularlywhenwe'dbeenslogginguphillforhoursandamountaintopfinallycameintoview,ourkidsevendecidedweneededtopushon.(但是這些時(shí)刻遠(yuǎn)不及他們非凡的能量和熱情尤其是當(dāng)我們已經(jīng)爬了幾個(gè)小時(shí)的上坡路，山頂終于出現(xiàn)在眼前時(shí)，我們的孩子們甚至決定我們需要繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。)"可知，孩子們雖然累，但還是堅(jiān)持不懈地繼續(xù)前行，可以推知孩子們具有冒險(xiǎn)精神。故選B。14.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Throughtheadventure,theywill,Ihope,understandwhattheyaretrulycapableof,howperseveranceleadstobiggerrewardslateron,andwhatitfeelsliketobeencouragedandsupportedsothattheycanachievesomethinggreat.(通過(guò)這次冒險(xiǎn)，我希望他們能夠理解自己真正的能力，明白堅(jiān)持如何能帶來(lái)更大的回報(bào)，以及被鼓勵(lì)和支持以便實(shí)現(xiàn)偉大成就的感覺(jué)。)由此可知，作者希望孩子們能從這次冒險(xiǎn)中獲得一些寶貴的生活技能。故選B。五、15.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Inaninterview,Vasilexplainedthatit'softennotworthacompany'stimeormoneytosendsomeonetoeyeballtheproductandsay,'Isthisuptostandard?Isthisreturnable?Didsomeonedamagetheboxinsomeway?'Andifit'sclothing,ithastobere-pressedandputbackinanicepackage.(在采訪(fǎng)中，Vasil解釋說(shuō)，公司往往不會(huì)花時(shí)間或金錢(qián)派人去仔細(xì)檢查產(chǎn)品并詢(xún)問(wèn)："這是否符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)？這是否可以退貨？有人以某種方式損壞了盒子嗎？"如果是衣服，則必須重新熨燙并放回精美的包裝中。)"可知，AdriaVasil認(rèn)為退貨可能導(dǎo)致額外的勞動(dòng)力成本。故選D。16.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Ahugepartoftheissueisapracticecalled"bracketing",wheresomeoneordersmultiplesizesinordertogettherightoneandthenshipsbacktheonesthatdon'tfit.(這個(gè)問(wèn)題的很大一部分原因是所謂的"bracketing",即有人訂購(gòu)多個(gè)尺碼以獲得合適的尺碼，然后將不合適的尺碼退回。)"可知，"bracketing"是導(dǎo)致大量退貨的主要原因之一，即消費(fèi)者訂購(gòu)多個(gè)尺碼以找到適合自己的尺碼，然后退回不適合的尺碼。消費(fèi)者中流行的bracketing做法是大量退貨的主要原因。故選C。17.答案：A解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第四段"Whatshedoesn'tsaydirectlyisthatperhapsweshouldchangeourconsumptionmodel.(她沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)的是，也許我們應(yīng)該改變我們的消費(fèi)模式。)"以及然后她提到購(gòu)買(mǎi)二手商品，而前面的建議是重新考慮退貨，如果不合適就詢(xún)問(wèn)是否可以轉(zhuǎn)給別人或捐贈(zèng)。因此，這里的"this"指的是避免在線(xiàn)購(gòu)物，也就是改變消費(fèi)模式的一部分。故選A。18.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"ThePackageFreeShop,runbyzerowasteexpertLaurenSinger,hasano-returnspolicyandsaysthatifthereareanyissueswithaproduct,they'llbeaddressedonacase-by-casebasis.(由零浪費(fèi)專(zhuān)家勞倫辛格經(jīng)營(yíng)的"無(wú)包裝店"有不退貨政策，并表示如果產(chǎn)品有任何問(wèn)題，將逐案處理。)和最后一段"Butreally,ifwe'rebeinghonest,juststarttakingresponsibilityforourshoppinghabits.Everythingwillleaveafootprintontheearth,soweneedtoreducemanufacturingdemand.Buyonlywhatyouneedandwilluse,andmaketheextraefforttogotoastoreandtrysomethingon.(但說(shuō)真的，如果我們誠(chéng)實(shí)點(diǎn)，那就開(kāi)始對(duì)我們的購(gòu)物習(xí)慣負(fù)責(zé)吧。一切都會(huì)在地球上留下痕跡，所以我們需要減少制造需求。只買(mǎi)你需要并且會(huì)用的東西，并付出額外的努力，親自去商店試穿。)"可知，我們應(yīng)該為自己的購(gòu)物習(xí)慣負(fù)責(zé)，減少制造需求，只買(mǎi)需要的東西，并盡量親自去商店試穿。這表明消費(fèi)者應(yīng)該采取負(fù)責(zé)任的購(gòu)物習(xí)慣，以減少退貨和浪費(fèi)。故選B。六、19.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Awarblerweighsaboutthesameasfourpennies,buttwiceayearmakesanextraordinaryjourney.(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)鳥(niǎo)的重量大約相當(dāng)于四便士，但每年兩次它會(huì)進(jìn)行一次非凡的旅行。)"可知，warbler是一種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的名稱(chēng)。故選A。20.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第二段"TheBirdMigrationExplorermappingtool,availablefreetothepublic,isanongoingcollaboration(合作)of11groupsthatcollectandanalyzedataonbirdmovements,includingtheUSGeologicalSurveyandtheNationalAudubonSociety.(BirdMigrationExplorer是一個(gè)向公眾免費(fèi)提供的繪圖工具，它是11個(gè)收集和分析鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)的團(tuán)體的合作成果，包括美國(guó)地質(zhì)調(diào)查局和國(guó)家?jiàn)W杜邦協(xié)會(huì)。)"可知，BirdMigrationExplorer是一個(gè)龐大的"數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)"。故選A。21.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原