人教版初中英語語法知識學(xué)習(xí)課件之形容詞和副詞語法學(xué)習(xí)課件

形容詞和副詞語法學(xué)習(xí)圖解語法考點

1

形容詞形容詞的用法1.作表語，位于系動詞后。如：·The

dish

you

made

looks

so

nice.·Students

are

busy

writing

without

talking,

so

the

classroom

is

quiet.[2022廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)中考]2.作定語，通常位于名詞之前，復(fù)合不定代詞之后。如：·—Jim

and

I

share

similar

tastes

and

hobbies.—No

wonder

you

take

part

in

lots

of

meaningful

social

activities

together.[2022安徽中考]·There

must

be

something

interesting

in

his

new

movie.3.作賓語補足語，放在賓語之后，常與make,

find,

think,

keep等動詞連用。如：She

thought

him

kind

and

helpful.4."the+形容詞"表示一類人the

blind盲人

the

wise智者the

old老人

the

young年輕人the

rich富人

the

poor窮人the

disabled殘疾人

the

sick病人the

wounded傷員易失分點

有些形容詞通常用作表語而不用作定語，如：afraid,

awake,

asleep,

alive,

alone，

ill，

well等。如：Is

your

young

brother

asleep?

易混形容詞辨析-ing形容詞

-ed形容詞

特點：一般用來形容事物本身具有的特征、性質(zhì)，表示"令人……的"，主語一般是事或物特點：一般用來形容人對事物的感受，表示"感到……的"，主語一般是人。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：sb.+系動詞+-ed形容詞+介詞This

story

is

so

interesting

that

we

are

all

interested

in

it.歸納拓展interesting（有趣的）→interested（感興趣的）surprising（令人驚訝的）→surprised（感到驚訝的）exciting（令人興奮的）→excited（興奮的）boring（無聊的）→bored（感到厭煩的）moving（令人感動的）→moved（感動的）tiring（令人疲倦的）→tired（感到疲倦的）

amazing（令人大為驚奇的）→amazed（感到驚訝的）relaxing

（令人放松的）→relaxed（感到放松的）satisfying

（令人滿意的）→satisfied（滿意的）touching

（感人的）→touched（受感動的）考點

2

副詞副詞的用法用法例句作狀語She

put

the

glass

down

carefully.作表語I

must

be

off

now.作賓語補足語Let

them

in.副詞的分類時間副詞時間副詞是確定句子時態(tài)的重要依據(jù)。時間副詞有today,

yesterday,

tomorrow,

now,

soon,

before,

then,

ago,

lately,

tonight等。方式副詞方式副詞常用來說明行為方式，多由"形容詞+-ly"構(gòu)成。方式副詞有safely,

happily,

quickly,

politely,

slowly,

loudly,

carefully,

actively,

warmly等。程度副詞程度副詞有very,

quite,

little,

much,

too,

almost,

enough,

rather,

nearly等。地點副詞地點副詞表示動作是在什么地方發(fā)生的，與動詞連用時，其前不加介詞。地點副詞有here,

there,

home,

anywhere,

down,

up,

below,

inside,

outside,

in等。疑問副詞（詞組）疑問副詞（詞組）常用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。疑問副詞（詞組）有when,

where,

why,

how,

how

often,

how

long,

how

far,

how

soon等。頻度副詞頻度副詞表示動作發(fā)生的頻率。頻度副詞有always,

usually,

often,sometimes,seldom,never等。連接副詞連接副詞有besides,

therefore,

however等。同形形容詞和副詞

一些詞既可作形容詞，也可作副詞，應(yīng)特別注意。1.詞義相似的同形形容詞和副詞2.詞義不同的同形形容詞和副詞

易失分點

以-ly結(jié)尾的單詞不一定都是副詞，有些形容詞也是以-ly結(jié)尾的。如：friendly（友好的）,

lovely（可愛的）,

lively（充滿活力的）,

lonely（孤獨的）等?？键c

3

形容詞和副詞的比較等級比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成1.規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級一般在詞尾加-er或-estsmallsmallersmallestyoungyoungeryoungest以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加-r或-stlargelargerlargestwidewiderwidest構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級以單個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er或-estwetwetterwettestbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest續(xù)表構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先變y為i，再加-er或-estbusybusierbusiestheavyheavierheaviestearlyearlierearliest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在其前加more或mostdifficultmore

difficultmost

difficultcarefulmore

carefulmost

carefulimportantmore

importantmost

important續(xù)表2.不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest形容詞和副詞的原級比較1.A+謂語動詞+as+形容詞/副詞原級+as+B表示"A和B一樣……"。如：Your

jacket

is

as

new

as

mine.2.A+謂語動詞+not+as/so+形容詞/副詞原級+as+B表示"A不像B那樣……"。如：This

apple

is

not

as/so

big

as

that

one.易失分點

同級比較時，為了避免重復(fù)，常用the

one,

the

ones,

that,

those等詞來代替前面出現(xiàn)過的名詞。其中the

one指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，the

ones或those指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，that指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。如：

The

pictures

on

the

table

are

as

lovely

as

those

on

the

wall.形容詞和副詞比較級的用法1.A+謂語動詞+比較級+than+B表示"A比B更……"。如：He

works

harder

than

us.2.A+謂語動詞+less+形容詞/副詞原級+than+B表示"A不如B……"

。如：This

red

dress

is

less

expensive

than

the

blue

one.3.Which/Who+謂語動詞+比較級，A

or

B?表示"A和B哪一個更……？"。如：Who

runs

faster,

Tom

or

Jerry?4.The+比較級，the+比較級表示"越……，越……"。如：·The

more

careful

you

are,

the

fewer

mistakes

you

will

make.·The

earlier

we

take

action

to

protect

our

environment,

the

better

it

will

be

for

our

future.

[2022昆明中考]5.the+形容詞比較級+of

the

two...表示"兩者中較……的"。如：The

taller

of

the

two

girls

is

my

sister.6.比較級+and+比較級表示"越來越……"，若比較級是在原形前加more構(gòu)成的，則用"more

and

more+原形"表示"越來越……"。如：·Things

are

getting

better

and

better.·This

song

gets

more

and

more

popular.提分速記

一些可用于修飾形容詞和副詞比較級的表示程度的副詞（短語）有：much,

a

little,

even,

a

lot,

a

bit,

far等。如：Diana

was

a

little

fat

in

the

past.

But

now

she

is

much

thinner

than

before.

形容詞和副詞最高級的用法

最高級用于三者或三者以上人或事物的比較。在最高級的句型中常用由among，in

或of構(gòu)成的介詞短語來指出比較范圍。形容詞最高級前通常加定冠詞the，副詞最高級前一般不加定冠詞。1.A+謂語動詞

（+the）+最高級（+名詞）+in/of短語表示"A是……中最……的"。如：·Tom

studies

hardest

in

our

class,

so

he

often

gets

first

place

in

the

exam.·He

is

the

greatest

player

of

the

group.2.one

of+the+形容詞最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示"最……的……之一"。如：·Mr.

Smith

is

one

of

the

most

popular

teachers

in

our

school.3.the

+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級+名詞表示"第幾……的……"。如：The

Yellow

River

is

the

second

longest

river

in

China.4.表示在三者中進(jìn)行比較。如：Who

works

hardest,

Lily,

Tony

or

Mary?Who/Which+謂語動詞

（+the）+最高級,A,

B

or

C?一、基礎(chǔ)小測

從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。cheer

tire

quiet

sun

tradition1.[2022福建中考改編]

As

soon

as

the

national

hero

came

into

the

hall,

everyone

became

__________

and

stood

up

to

welcome

him.cheerful2.[2022吉林中考改編]

What

a

_________

day!

Why

not

go

for

a

picnic?sunny3.[2022江西中考改編]

I

only

got

four

hours

of

sleep

last

night,

so

I

feel

________

today.tired4.[2022泰州中考改編]

_____________

cultures

such

as

the

Chinese

knot,

Chinese

paper

cutting

and

Chinese

opera

are

deeply

loved

by

students.Traditional5.[2022溫州中考改編]

Everybody,

please

keep

________.

It’s

not

allowed

to

make

any

noise

in

the

reading

room.quietlucky

proper

angry

never

especial6.[2022徐州中考改編]

Why

does

John

act

so

__________?

Look,

he’s

speaking

faster,

his

face

becomes

redder

and

you

can

almost

see

fire

in

his

eyes.angrily7.[2022溫州中考改編]

There

was

a

storm

yesterday.

__________,

most

of

the

flowers

in

my

garden

are

still

alive.Luckily8.[2022常州中考改編]

The

summer

vacation

is

coming.

Don’t

swim

in

the

lake,

____________

when

you

are

alone.especially10.[原創(chuàng)新題]Parents

should

teach

their

children

to

behave

___________

in

public.properly9.[原創(chuàng)新題]It’s

________

too

late

to

start

eating

a

healthy

diet.nevergood

well

slow

hard

long11.[2022天津中考改編]

Travelling

by

train

is

_________

than

by

plane.

But

it’s

more

interesting

than

by

plane.slower12.[2022重慶中考A卷改編]

The

Yangtze

River

is

one

of

the

__________

rivers

in

the

world.longest13.The

more

you

speak,

the

________

your

English

will

be.better14.Roy

thinks

he

works

as

________

as

his

friend,

Dan.hard15.He

likes

Sunday

_______

in

a

week

because

it

is

his

happiest

time

to

play

football.bestnature

smooth

comfortable

short

polite16.[2022南通中考]

Don’t

eat

too

much

in

the

evening,

or

you

will

feel

________________

when

sleeping.uncomfortable17.[2022南通中考]

Whenever

you

meet

your

friends,

you

should

greet

them

__________.politely18.[2022鎮(zhèn)江中考]

Millie

is

interested

in

biology,

and

she

often

records

the

_________

beauty

in

the

park.natural19.[2022鎮(zhèn)江中考]

The

machine

was

repaired

last

Saturday.

Now

it

is

running

___________.smoothly20.[2022臨沂中考]

It’s

said

that

in

the

future

there

will

be

longer

summers

and

__________

winters

than

before.shorter二、語篇提升

閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。Aterrible

real

same

interest

America

livelywhy

fit

especially

different

Hello,

everybody.I’m

Olivia.I’m

glad

to

be

here

this

afternoon.

Do

you

have

a

friend

with

an

1.

____________background.

Today,

I’d

like

to

tell

you

about

a

2.________girl

—

where

she’s

from

and

3.

_______

we’re

good

friends.interestinglivelywhy

You

know,

I

didn’t

use

to

do

much

exercise.

A

few

years

ago,

I

joined

a

sports

club.

On

my

first

day

there,

I

met

Raquel.

After

gym（健身）,

we

had

coffee

together

and

soon

became

good

friends.

I

think

that’s

because

we

have

a

lot

in

common.

We

like

to

keep

4.

______

and

love

to

try

different

foods,

5.____________

spicy

（辛辣的）food.

And

we

love

the

ocean.

In

summer,

we

like

to

hang

out

at

the

beach

and

go

surfing

at

least

once

a

month.

Raquel

was

born

in

Mexico,

but

has

been

here

since

she

was

ten

years

old.

Her

mother

is

Mexican

and

her

father

is

6.____________

,

so

she

can

speak

both

Spanish

and

English.fitespeciallyAmerican

That’s

the

difference

between

us.

Although

I

attended

a

class

last

year,

my

Spanish

is

still

7.

__________!

Another

thing

that’s

8.___________is

her

background.

Raquel

has

knowledge

of

two

cultures.

I

think

that’s

9.________

cool.

We

might

not

live

in

the

10.

________

city

in

the

future,

but

I

think

we’ll

stay

friends.

Thanks

for

listening

to

me.terribledifferentreallysameB[2022湖州中考改編]healthy

proper

polite

good

specialtradition

careful

The

tradition

of

tea

drinking

began

in

China

thousands

of

years

ago.

It

soon

became

popular

because

it

was

11.__________

and

gave

people

energy.

Later,

tea

was

brought

to

some

countries

in

eastern

Asia,

such

as

Japan

and

Korea.

Nowadays,

Chinese

tea

has

become

a

world

drink.healthy

Some

of

the

world’s

tastiest

teas

grow