2024年中考英語新熱點時文閱讀-發(fā)明與創(chuàng)造

2024年中考英語新熱點時文閱讀-發(fā)明與創(chuàng)造

題型主要內(nèi)容

1

閱讀理解介紹了一個12歲的美國女孩MadisonChecketts為了減少塑料垃圾而發(fā)明的可食用水瓶

的故事。

2

閱讀理解介紹出售回收物的不便引出了最新的微信小程序。人們可以通過小程序來預(yù)約，增加了

便利性，也保護了環(huán)境。

3

閱讀理解介紹了OpenAI開發(fā)的ChatGPT是最強大的人工智能之一，它具有和真人一樣的完整

寫作能力；但它也帶來了一些問題

4

短文填空介紹了一種新型的閱讀方式一圖書漂流。

5

短文填空介紹了智能窗戶清潔機器人Ozmo。

6

短文填空許多孩子還沒有養(yǎng)成正確的洗手習(xí)慣。Issar和他的朋友決定用一種有趣的方法來解決

這個問題。他們嘗試了很多次，創(chuàng)造了一種叫做Soppen的工具。它把洗手變成了一項

有趣的活動。

01

（2023?廣東佛山?統(tǒng)考三模）Acrosstheworld,humansbuyaround1.3billionsingle-useplasticbottlesaday.

However,onlyabout9%ofthemarerecycledandmostofthemendupinlandfills,theoceanorelsewhereinnature.

Whenbeach-lovingMadisonCheckettsnoticedthatmanyplasticbottlespollutedthesandduringherfamilytrip

toCalifornia,the12-year-oldAmericangirlrealizedthatthisneededtobechanged.Soforherschoolscienceproject,

shedecidedtofocusonreducingplasticlitter.

Duringherresearch,Madisoncameacrossaspecialmethodofpackingwaterwithinaneatablematerial-agel

membrane（凝膠膜）.Atthattime,thegirlgotheridea:ShewoulddesignaneatablewaterbottlecalledtheEco-

Hero.

Tocarryoutheridea,Madisondevelopedthemethodbydoingscientifictestswithcommonfoodadditives（添

力口劑）?Shealsolearnedfrompreviousresearchoneatablewaterbottles.Basedonthepastresearch,sheimproved

themethodandmadeherbottlesbiggerandabletolastforalongertime.Shefoundthatwater,lemonjuiceandother

chemicalscouldbeusedtogethertomakeagelbagthatwouldn'tbreak.Andthebagcouldholdupto3/4cupof

waterandcouldbekeptinthefridgeforthreeweeks.

“Mybiggestgoalwiththisprojectistohelptheworld,“saystheyounginventor.Shehopesherinventioncan

encourageotherstotakebettercareoftheplanet.64Itdoesn'tnecessarilyhavetobeinabigway,“sheadds."'People

canmakeadifferenceintheworld,evenififsjustinasmallway.”

1.Howmanyplasticbottlesarerecycled?

A.Around1.3billion.B.About91%.C.About9%.D.3/4.

2.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.ThereasonwhyMadisondidtheproject.B.TheresultsofMadison'sproject.

C.Theinfluenceofplasticbottles.D.ThehobbyofMadison.

3.Madisongottheideaofdesigninganeatablewaterbottleduring.

A.herfamilytripB.herresearchC.herscientifictestsD.hertalkwithteachers

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“previous“inParagraph4mean?

A.Great.B.Past.C.Common.D.Interesting.

5.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.PlasticBottlePollutionB.ACoolInvention

C.WaystoSolvePollutionD.EatableWaterBottle

02

（2023年遼寧省鐵嶺市部分學(xué)校中考一模英語試題）Amini-programonWeChathaschangedpeople'slives

atWestLake,astheycannowmakeappointments（預(yù)約）tosellrecyclables-thingsthatcanberecycled.

Foralongtime,theproblemofrecyclablerubbishtroubledrestaurantsandhotelsaroundthelake.Lotsof

recyclableshavelowvalueandhighrecyclingcosts,socollectorsdon'tfeellikerecyclingthemdoor-to-door.

Inordertosolvetheproblem,theManagementCommitteeofWestLakeScenicAreaworkedwithacompany

todeveloptheJinglingRecyclemini-program.Now,peoplecanmakeanappointmentonWeChat,andthenextday

collectorswillcometopickuprecyclables.Themini-programhelpspeopletodealwithplasticbottles,foampacking

cases（泡沫包裝箱），cardboard（硬紙板），newspapersandotherlow-valuerecyclables.Peoplearepaidtosellthem.

Thelocalpeoplespeakhighlyofthemini-program."Nocollectorscametomyrestaurantinthepast.Thanksto

theJinglingRecyclemini-program,ithaschanged.Icanmakealittlemoneybysellingrecyclables.Atthesametime,

itprotectstheenvironment,saidtheownerofarestaurant.

6.Themini-programisusedformakingappointmentsto.

A.buytakeawayB.sellrecyclablesC.buyclothesD.selldesserts

7.Collectorsdon'twanttopickuprecyclablesdoor-to-doorbecausetheyhave.

A.highvalueandlowrecyclingcostsB.lowvalueandhighrecyclingcosts

C.highvalueandhighrecyclingcostsD.lowvalueandlowrecyclingcosts

8.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeansthelocalpeople.

A.areagainstthemini-programB.don'tlikethemini-program

C.thinkthemini-programisuselessD.thinkthemini-programishelpful

9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Recyclablerubbishtroubledhotelsaroundthelakeforlong.

B.Themini-programcanhelptoprotecttheenvironment.

C.Peoplecanmakealotofmoneybysellingrecyclables.

D.Themini-programhaschangedpeople'slivesatWestLake.

10.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Acoolmini-program.B.Howtosellrecyclables.

C.Thingsthatcanberecycled.D.Howtomakeappointments.

03

（2023?江蘇揚外|??？级＃㏕ypein"Acatwantstogotospace"andasktherobottowriteabedtimestory.

Justonesecondlater,you'llgetthestoryofMax,whoclawedhiswaypastmanydifficultiestosingamongthestars.

Thisrobotwriterisreal.IfscalledChatGPT.FromwritingShakespeare-stylepoetrytomakingmusic,ChatGPT

hasamazedtheworldsinceitslaunchoutinlate2022bytheUScompanyOpenAI.Itcantranslatelanguages,talk

withpeopleandwritesongs,poemsandevenjokes.It'soneofthemostpowerfulATofitskind,withthecomplete

writingabilitiesofarealperson!

PeoplearoundtheworldhavetriedChatGPTandpostedtheirresultsonsocialmedia.Someusedittowrite

historyreports,someaskedittotakenotesofpresentations,andsomeevenaskedadviceonhowtocommunicate

withpeopleataparty,reportedTheAtlantic.

ThepowerofChatGPTliesinitsspeedandunderstandingofcomplicated（復(fù)雜的）matters.Wemayspend

hoursresearching,understandingandwritinganarticleonthetheoryofevolution（進化論）.

Anothergoodthingaboutitisthatifyouaskdark,harmfulquestion,suchashowtomakeweapons（武器）,itwillnot

giveyouananswer.

ChatGPTcomesalongatatimewhenAIisbecomingincreasinglyabletodocreativetasks.Thereisnodoubt

thatChatGPTisapowerfultool.However,someschoolsintheUS,AusiraliaandFrancehavestudentsandteachers

fromusingChatGPTonthelocalnetworksandcomputers,CNNreported.Themovecomesoutofworriesthatthe

toolcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheatonhomework.SomealsoworrythatChatGPTcouldbeusedtospread

improperinformation.

“Itdoesnotbuildcritical-thinkingandproblem-solvingskills,9,saidJennaLylefromtheNewYorkCity

DepartmentofEducation."Thematerialstheycreatearcdifficulttotellfromthosemadebyhumans.Thiscauses

manyproblems,suchastheissueofcopyright（版權(quán)）.Sincethesystemislargelytrainedusingwordsfromtheinternet,

itcanalsopickupontheIntemefsbiases（偏見）.Theseareallthethingsthatdependonhumanstosolve.^^

11.Thecatstorywaswrittento.

A.showwhatcreativeworkChatGPTcando

B.introduceacatthatwantstogotospace

C.introduceaseriesofbedtimebooks

D.showhowrobotscreatescientificresearch

12.Paragraph3ismainlyabout.

A.thedisadvantagesofChatGPT

B.themostpopularreportofChatGPT

C.whatpeoplethinkaboutChatGPT

D.howChatGPThashelpedpeoplesofar

13.Whichsentenceshouldgointheemptyboxinthefourthparagraph?

A.ButChatGPTcanwritealmostanythinghumanscanwrite.

B.ButChatGPTisfasterandsafercomparedwithhumanwriting.

C.ButChatGPTcanproduceawell-writtenoneinseconds.

D.ButChatGPTisapowerfultooltospreadinformation.

14.Whafsthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Howpeoplefeelaboutwritinginthefuture.

B.WhatproblemsAlwritingcancause.

C.People'swrongideasaboutATwriting.

D.HumaneffortsindevelopingAlwriting.

04

(2023?江蘇徐州??？既?用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空，使短文完整、通順。

Bookcrossing,anewwayofreading,is15(develop)withbookloversleaving16(they)

booksinpublicplacestobepickedupand"borrowed“byothers.

TheBelarusianNationalTechnicalUniversitywasthefirst17(support)theideainthecountry.

Several18(year)ago,thedirectorofitslibrary,AlexeyKalaban,19(see)alargeglassbox

ofbookswhichwerefreeforanyonetoreadataSwedish(壬常典的)airport.Hewasvery20(excite)

abouthowgreattheideawas.Sohewantedtobringittohiscountry.Thequestionwasonlywheresuchbooksmight

21(keep)inpublic.

“Wecreatedabookcaseinthemainbuilding.Itisavailabletoeveryone.Peoplecanbe22(easy)

encouragedtoread,“Kalabanexplained.'Insidethecase,thereisaspeciallist23(show)whogavethe

bookandwhentheygaveit”.Withthehelpofsomanypeople,everyyear,moresuch"safb"placesarefound.

Nowadays,bookcrossingisbeing24(well)knowntotheworldthanbefore.Nodoubt,ifsagreat

waytopushmorepeopletoreadandmakethewholeworldalibrary.

05

(2023.浙江溫州.?？既?閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Thegrowthintallbuildingshasledtoagreatneedforwindowwashers.Thejobisdangerousand25

(accident)happenfromtimetotime.However,thedangerousjobmaysoonbedonebyOzmo,26smart

windowcleaningrobot.

Muchlikehumans,Ozmosits27platformshangingfromthebuildingsanduses28(it)

armsandbrushestocleanthedirtonthewindows.A3Dmapofthebuilding29(allow)therobottomove

upanddown.Therobotcanmoveoutoftheway30thereareunexpectedevents,suchasthesudden

openingofawindow.Unlikeotherwindowwashers,therobotcleanerdoesnotneedsoap31(clean)the

glass.Instead,itusesdistilledwater32doesnoharmtotheenvironment.

Ittakesthreecleaners480hourseachtocleanthewindowsofa40-storyglassbuildingwhiletherobot33

(complete)thetaskinjust80hours.However,unlikeotherrobots,Ozmowillnotreplacehumanworkers,only

makingtheirjobs34(safe).Humanworkerswillcontroltherobotfrombelow.

06

(2023?黑龍江大慶?統(tǒng)考一模)Fillineachblankwithaproperformofthewordgivenoraproperword(閱讀下

面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。).

Handwashingwithsoapcanreduce(減少)illnesses.Oneoftheeasiest35(way)tostopthespread

ofillnessistowashyourhands.Butmanychildrenhaven't36(develop)therighthabitofhandwashing.

Childrendonotwash37(they)handsoftenenoughorlongenough.Ifssuchasimplehabit,butthe

childrenaren'tdoingit.

Issarandhisfrienddecided38(solve)theproblemusingafunmethod.Theytriedmanytimesand

createdatool39(call)Soapen.Itturnedhandwashingintoafunactivity.

Asthenamesuggests,Soapenisapen40ismadeoutofsoap.Thechildrendrawonhandswiththe

Soapenandthenwashthedrawingoff.Thecolorswillremainonthechildren'shands41theydon'tspend

enoughtimewashingthemoff.Itisvery42(help)forateacherinaclassroom.Afterall,notallthe

teachershavethetimetomakeeachchildwashhishands43(proper).

"Childrenwashhandsmuch44(long)thanbeforenowbecausetheylikedrawingonhands.Soapen

doeshelpchildrenmakeagoodhabitofhandwashing,9,saidIssar.

參考答案：

1.C2,A3.A4.B5,D

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了一個12歲的美國女孩MadisonChecketts為了減少塑料垃圾而發(fā)明的可食用水瓶的

故事。

1,細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"However,onlyabout9%ofthemarerecycledandmostofthemendupinlandfills,

theoceanorelsewhereinnature.”可知，只有約9%的塑料瓶被回收。故選C。

2.段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenbeach-lovingMadisonCheckettsnoticedthatmanyplasticbottlespollutedthe

sandduringherfamilytriptoCalifornia,the12-year-oldAmericangirlrealizedthatthisneededtobechanged.So

forherschoolscienceproject,shedecidedtofocusonreducingplasticlitter.“可知，第二段主要內(nèi)容是Madison

Checketts做這個項目的原因。故選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenbeach-lovingMadisonCheckettsnoticedthatmanyplasticbottlespollutedthe

sandduringherfamilytriptoCalifornia,the12-year-oldAmericangirlrealizedthatthisneededtobechanged.So

forherschoolscienceproject,shedecidedtofocusonreducingplasticlitter.”可知，在她的家庭旅行時產(chǎn)生了設(shè)

計一個可食用水瓶的想法。故選Ao

4.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Basedonthepastresearch,sheimprovedthemethodandmadeherbottlesbiggerand

abletolastforalongertime.”可知，這里指從以前的研究中學(xué)習(xí)，所以宜'evious”的意思為“過去二故選Bo

5.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)全文可知本文主要介紹了一個12歲的美國女孩MadisonChecketts為了減少塑料垃圾

而發(fā)明的可食用水瓶。故最佳標(biāo)題為“可食水瓶二故選D。

6.B7,B8.D9.C10,A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。通過介紹出售回收物的不便引出了最新的微信小程序。人們可以通過小程序來

預(yù)約，增加了便利性，也保護了環(huán)境。

6,細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Amini-programonWeChathaschangedpeople'slivesatWestLake,astheycannowmake

appointments（預(yù)約）tosellrecyclables一thingsthatcanberecycled.”可知小程序可以用來預(yù)約出售回收物。故選

B。

7,細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lotsofrecyclableshavelowvalueandhighrecyclingcosts,socollectorsdon'tfeellike

recyclingthemdoor-to-door.”可知收集者不愿意上門收集可回收物品，因為它們價值低，回收成本高。故選B。

8.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)"Nocollectorscametomyrestaurantinthepast.ThankstotheJinglingRecyclemini-program,

ithaschanged.Icanmakealittlemoneybysellingrecyclables."可知這個句子表示當(dāng)?shù)厝苏J(rèn)為這個小程序是有

幫助的，故選D。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Icanmakealittlemoneybysellingrecyclables.”可知人們并不能掙很多錢,C項錯誤。

故選C。

10.主旨大意題。本文通篇講述了微信上的一個小程序。故選A。

11.A12.D13.C14.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了OpenAI開發(fā)的ChatGPT是最強大的人工智能之一，它具有和真人

一樣的完整寫作能力，?但它也帶來了一些問題，比如不能培養(yǎng)批判性思維和解決問題的能力，與人類創(chuàng)造的

文本無法區(qū)分等。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Typein'Acatwantstogotospace'andasktherobottowriteabedtimestory.“可知，輸

入“一只貓想去太空”，就讓機器人寫一^?'睡前故事。再根據(jù)"Thisrobotwriterisreal.IfscalledChatGPT."可

知，這個機器人作家是真的，它叫ChatGPT。由此可知，寫貓的故事是為了展示ChatGPT可以做什么創(chuàng)造

性的工作。故選A。

12.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“PeoplearoundtheworldhavetriedChatGPTandpostedtheirresultsonsocialmedia.Some

usedittowritehistoryreports,someaskedittotakenotesofpresentations,andsomeevenaskedadviceonhowto

communicatewithpeopleataparty”可知，世界各地的人們都嘗試了ChatGPT,并在社交媒體上發(fā)布了他們的

結(jié)果。有些人用它寫歷史報告，有些人要求它做演講筆記，有些人甚至詢問如何在聚會上與人交流的建議。

所以第三段主要介紹了ChatGPT是如何幫助人們的。故選D。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"ThepowerofChatGPTliesinitsspeedandunderstandingofcomplicatedmatters.Wemay

spendhoursresearching,understandingandwritinganarticleonthetheoryofevolution.“可知，ChatGPT的力量

在于它的速度和對復(fù)雜事物的理解。我們可能會花幾個小時研究、理解和寫一篇關(guān)于進化論的文章。所以該

空要體現(xiàn)ChatGPT的速度和對復(fù)雜事物的理解，C選項“但ChatGPT可以在幾秒鐘內(nèi)生成一個寫得很好的

程序?！狈险Z境，故選C。

14.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Itdoesnotbuildcritical-thinkingandproblem-solvingskills”可知，它不能培養(yǎng)批判性思

維和解決問題的能力；根據(jù)“Thematerialstheycreatearedifficulttotellfromthosemadebyhumans.Thiscauses

manyproblems,suchastheissueofcopyright."可知，它們創(chuàng)造的材料很難與人類的區(qū)分開來，這就導(dǎo)致了版

權(quán)等問題；以及“讓canalsopickupontheInternet,sbiases”可知，它可以獲取互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上對某些群體的偏見。所

以最后一段主要介紹了AI寫作會導(dǎo)致什么問題。故選B。

15.developing16.their17.tosupport18.years19.saw20.excited21.bekept

22.easily23.showing

24.better

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了一種新型的閱讀方式——圖書漂流。

15.句意:書友們把自己的書放在公共場所，讓別人撿起來“借”，這是一種新的閱讀方式。主語與動詞develop

是主動關(guān)系，結(jié)合is可知，此空應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞，故填developing。

16.句意：書友們把自己的書放在公共場所，讓別人撿起來“借”，這是一種新的閱讀方式。此空修飾名詞

books,應(yīng)填形容詞性物主代詞，故填their。

17.句意：白俄羅斯國立技術(shù)大學(xué)是第一個支持這一想法的國家。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空應(yīng)填動詞不定式

作定語，故填tosupport,,

18.句意：幾年前，圖書館館長AlexeyKalaban在瑞典機場看到了一個大玻璃盒子，里面裝著所有人都可以

免費閱讀的書。根據(jù)several可知，此空應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填years。

19.句意：幾年前，圖書館館長AlexeyKalaban在瑞典機場看到了一個大玻璃盒子，里面裝著所有人都可以

免費閱讀的書。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空缺少動詞作謂語，描述過去發(fā)生的事情，動詞用過去式，故填saw。

20.句意：他非常興奮。修飾人用以ed為結(jié)尾的形容詞作表語，故填excited。

21.句意：問題只是這些書在公共場合應(yīng)該放在哪里。book與keep是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合might可知，此處用

含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)mightbedone的結(jié)構(gòu)，故填bekepto

22.句意：可以很容易地鼓勵人們閱讀。此空修飾動詞encouraged,應(yīng)填副詞easily“容易地”，故填easily.

23.句意：在箱子里，有一個特別的清單,上面顯示了誰給了這本書，什么時候給的。therebesb/sthdoing

sth“有某人/某物正在做某事”，此空應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞,故填showing。

24.句意：如今，圖書漂流比以前更為世界所知。根據(jù)“than”可知，此空應(yīng)填比較級，故填better。

25.accidents26.a27.on28.its29.allows30.if31.toclean32.that/which

33.completes/willcomplete34.safer/safe

【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了智能窗戶清潔機器人Ozmo。

25.句意：這份工作很危險，事故時有發(fā)生。根據(jù)謂語“happen”可知，主語用復(fù)數(shù),accident"事故”，復(fù)數(shù)是

accidentso故填accidentso

26.句意：然而，這項危險的工作可能很快就會由智能窗戶清潔機器人Ozmo完成。此句表示泛指機器人，

且smart是輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a?

27.句意：就像人類一樣，Ozmo坐在懸掛在建筑物上的平臺上，用手臂和刷子清潔窗戶上的污垢。在“平臺

上(platforms)”用介詞on。故填on。

28.句意：就像人類一樣，Ozmo坐在懸掛在建筑物上的平臺上，用手臂和刷子清潔窗戶上的污垢。空格處

修飾名詞arm,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its,故填its。

29.句意：建筑物的3D地圖允許機器人上下移動。本句的主語“A3Dmap”是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用三單形式,

allow的三單形式是allows,故填allows?

30.句意：如果發(fā)生意外事件，例如突然打開窗戶，機器人可以讓開。根據(jù)"Therobotcanmoveoutofthe

way...thereareunexpectedevents,suchasthesuddenopeningofawindow.“可知，后句表示條件,前句是結(jié)果,

此句是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。故填if。

31.句意：與其他窗戶清洗機不同，機器人清潔機不需要肥皂來清潔玻璃。needsth.todosth.“需要做某事”，

動詞短語。故填toclean。

32.句意：相反，它使用的是對環(huán)境無害的蒸儲水。此句是定語從句，先行詞water是物，且關(guān)系詞在定語

從句作主語，應(yīng)用that或which弓|導(dǎo)定語從句。故填that/which0

33.句意：三名清潔工每人需要480小時才能清潔一棟40層玻璃建筑的窗戶，而機器人只需80小時就能

完成任務(wù)。此句表達事實可用一般現(xiàn)在時根據(jù)時間狀語“injust80hours