2018重慶市A 中考英語解析

第IV.（2018·重慶A）閱讀理解。(每小題2分，共30分)閱讀下列材料，從A,B,C,D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案，并把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。AWhenIwasfour,onedayIwasplayingoutsideourhouse.Isawmygrandfather'struck.Itwasblackandlookedveryold.Ithought,“Grandpadoesn'thavetodrivesuchanuglytruck.MaybeIcanmakeitlookbetter.”Igotsomepaintandabrushwhichwereleftinthekitchenbymyfather.Ipaintedthetruckwhiteandblueallover.Iwasfinishingthejobwhenmymumwalkedupandstoppedme.Shewasworriedthatmygrandfatherwouldbeangry.However,whenmygrandfatherlookedatmypaintingsonthetruck,helaughedloudly,“Angela,that'stheprettiesttruckI'veeverseen!Iloveit!”Sometimesadults(成年人)don'tstoptoseethingsthroughchildren'seyes.Theymissedsomuchbeautyintheworld.Luckily,mygrandfathersawthingsinanotherway.46.Attheageof______,Angelapaintedhergrandfather’struckwhiteandblue.A.four B.fiveC.sixD.seven47.Angelafoundsomepaintandabrush__________.A.inthetruck B.outsidethehouse C.inthekitchenD.outsidethepark48.Angela'sgrandfatherwas_______whenhesawherpaintings.A.worriedB.shoutedangrily C.becamesad D.laughedloudly體裁記敘文話題故事詞數(shù)148【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了我四歲時(shí)發(fā)生的故事。有一天我在玩耍時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)爺爺?shù)目ㄜ囉趾谟峙f，我想爺爺肯定不喜歡開那么丑的車，于是我把卡車油漆成了藍(lán)白相間的顏色。媽媽擔(dān)心爺爺會(huì)生氣，結(jié)果爺爺說很喜歡。我慶幸爺爺能用孩子的眼光看待事物。46.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段WhenIwasfour可知，在四歲時(shí)，安吉拉把爺爺?shù)目ㄜ囉推岢闪怂{(lán)白相間的顏色。故選A。47.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段Igotsomepaintandabrushwhichwereleftinthekitchenbymyfather.可知，我在廚房里找到了油漆和一把刷子。故選C。48.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段whenmygrandfatherlookedatmypaintingsonthetruck,helaughedloudly可知，安吉拉的爺爺看到她的油漆時(shí)放聲大笑了。故選D。B（2018·重慶A）Gardeningispopularinmanypartsoftheworld.Itbringsussweetsmellingflowers,freshfruitandvegetables.Butyoucangetmorefromyourgarden.Gardeninghelpstokeephealthy.Today’speoplesitindoorsfortoolonganddon’tgetmuchexercise.Whenyougarden,youhavetomovearound.It’sagoodchanceforyoutoexerciseyourbodybywateringflowersordoingsomedigging.Besides,whenyouareinyourgarden,youcanfeelthewarmsunshine.ThismeansyouaregettingVitaminD.Ithelpsyourbodiesusecalcium(鈣),whichisnecessarytokeepyourbones(骨胳)strong.51Itgetsthemoffcomputers,televisionsandphones.Gardeningcanbeagreatteachertoteachchildrenaboutnatureandhealthyeating.Itcanalsohelpthemtounderstandthemeaningof“Nopains,nogains.”Gardeningisagreatwaytomeetpeopleandbuildrelationships.Whenyouaregardening,youareoutdoors.Soitisaperfecttimetocommunicatewithyourneighbors.Mostpeoplelovetotalkabouttheirhobbies,andsodogardeners.Theyusuallyenjoyshowingpeoplewhattheyaregrowing.Andmostenjoysharingadviceandstoriesabouttheirgardens.49.Whenit’s_______,youcangetVitaminDinyourgarden.A.sunnyB.cloudyC.snowyD.rainy50.Accordingtothepassage,_______isoneofthegardeningactivities.A.watchingTV B.wateringflowersC.walkingdogs D.playingwithphones51.WhichofthefollowingcanbethemissingpartinParagraph3?A.Gardeningwillbegoodforyourbones.B.Gardeningmayhelppeopletofeelhappy.C.Gardeningisagreatactivitytodowithchildren.D.Gardeningcanbeagoodwaytomeetneighbors.52.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe“_______”.A.OutdoorActivitiesB.AdvantagesofGardeningC.HealthyEatingHabitsD.RelationshipswithNeighbors體裁說明文話題園藝詞數(shù)215【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。園藝在世界上許多地方都很受歡迎。它除了帶給人們鮮花、水果和蔬菜外，還能帶來許多：幫助保持健康；是與孩子們有關(guān)的很棒的活動(dòng)；是見人及建立聯(lián)系的好方式。49.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段...youcanfeelthewarmsunshine.可知，當(dāng)陽光明媚時(shí)可以在花園里獲取到維他命D。故選A。50.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段It’sagoodchanceforyoutoexerciseyourbodybywateringflowers...可知，澆花是園藝活動(dòng)的一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。故選B。51.C推理判斷題。由第三段的介紹可知，園藝能使孩子們遠(yuǎn)離電腦、電視和手機(jī)，能教給孩子們關(guān)于自然及健康飲食的知識(shí)，也能幫助他們懂得“不勞無獲”的含義，由此可判斷園藝是與孩子們相關(guān)的活動(dòng)是本段缺失的內(nèi)容。故選C。52.B主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了園藝的種種好處，所以B項(xiàng)可概括主旨大意，適合作標(biāo)題。故選B。C（2018·重慶A）ScientistsinBritainandtheUnitedStateshavemadeanewkindofenzyme(酵素)thateatsplastics(塑料).Withitshelp,plasticscanbeturnedintosmallerpartsandgoawayquickly.Scientistsbelievethat,inthefuture,itcouldsolvetheproblemofplasticpollution.TheenzymeisabletobreakdownPET,aformofplastic.PETwasfirstmadeinthe1940sandisnowwidelyusedtomakeplasticbottles.Itcanremainintheenvironmentformanyyearsandpollutelargeareasoflandandwater.SoithasalwaysbeenaheadachetodealwiththewastefromPETandotherplastics.Theresearchersmadethediscovery(發(fā)現(xiàn))whileexaminingthestructureofanaturalenzymeinJapan.TheyfoundthatthenaturalenzymewashelpingtobreakdownPETplastics.So,theydecidedtomakesmallchangestotheenzymebyaddingsomeaminoacids(氨基酸).Itmadethenaturalenzyme’splastic-eatingabilitiesworkfasterandbetter.JohnMcGeehan,oneoftheleadresearchers,said,“We’vemadeanimprovedenzyme.It’sbetterthanthenaturalone.Andwearetryingtomakemoreimprovementstoit.”Hewenton,“Theenzymeisnotharmfultohumansoranimals,anditisfriendlytotheenvironment.Soweareconsideringputtingitintowideruse.”TheteamisnowtryingtomaketheenzymebreakdownPETinlargequantities(大量地).“We’llseethattheplasticpollutionmaybestoppedwiththistechnology.However,thereisstillalongwaytogo,”JohnMcGeehanadded.53.Accordingtothescientists,theenzymemaysolvetheproblemof_______.A.airB.water C.light D.plastic54.Theunderlinedphrase“breakdown”inthepassageprobablymeans“________”inChinese.A.實(shí)驗(yàn)B.生產(chǎn)C.發(fā)明 D.分解55.Researchersdiscoveredthatanaturalenzymehelpedeatplastics_______.A.inBritain B.intheUS C.inJapan D.inChina56.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thescientistsarestilltryingtoimprovetheenzyme.B.Theenzymewillpollutelargeareasoflandandwater.C.Thenaturalenzymeworksbetterthantheimprovedone.D.Thenaturalenzymeisharmfultohumansandanimals.體裁說明文話題科技詞數(shù)292【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。英國和美國的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的酶(酵素)，這種酶可以吃塑料。在它的幫助下，塑料可以變成更小的部分并迅速消失?？茖W(xué)家相信在將來，它可以解決塑料污染問題。53.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句...,itcouldsolvetheproblemofplasticpollution.可知，這種新的酶可以解決塑料產(chǎn)生的問題。54.D詞義猜測題。由第一段第二句Withitshelp,plasticscanbeturnedintosmallerpartsandgoawayquickly.可知，這種酶可以把塑料變成更少的部分，所以breakdown意為“分解”。故選D。55.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第一句Theresearchersmadethediscovery(發(fā)現(xiàn))whileexaminingthestructureofanaturalenzymeinJapan.可知是在日本發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選C。56.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中We’vemadeanimprovedenzyme.It’sbetterthanthenaturalone.Andwearetryingtomakemoreimprovementstoit.可知，雖然制造了改良的酶，但是還要進(jìn)行更多的改造，所以A項(xiàng)說法正確。故選A。由第二段中PETwasfirstmadeinthe1940s...Itcanremainintheenvironmentformanyyearsandpollutelargeareasoflandandwater.可知B項(xiàng)所述錯(cuò)誤；由第三段中We’vemadeanimprovedenzyme.It’sbetterthanthenaturalone.可知C項(xiàng)所述錯(cuò)誤；由第三段中Theenzymeisnotharmfultohumansoranimals可知D項(xiàng)所述錯(cuò)誤。D（2018·重慶A）Acupofcoffeeisagoodwayformanypeopletostarttheirday.Itcanalsopassonkindness.ManyangKherusedtobeaSudanesechildrefugee(難民).Whenhewasthreeyearsold,hisvillagewasburntinthewar.Hewasseparatedfromhisparentsandneversawthemagain.Hebecameoneofthe20,000youngSudanesewhohadtoleavetheirhomeforEthiopia'sGambellaarea.Helivedthereasarefugeefor13years.Whenhewas16,KherwenttotheUnitedStates.Whilehewasincollegehestartedaprogramtohelptherefugees.Now,heownsacoffeecompany(公司)called734,whichisapartofhisprogram.Thecompanyhashelpedmorethan200,000refugeeslivingintheGambellaareatillnow.Khersaid,“Iknowthedifficultiesandpainstheyfaceeveryday.Youseekidsdiefromhunger.Youseekidsdyingofillnesses.Youseekidsrunningawayfromtherefugeecamptofindaplacetobehome,butdieontheway.”Eightypercentofthemoneymadebythecoffeecompanyisusedtosendmoreofthechildrentoschool.And,asKherexplains,themoneyhelpsrefugeestohelpthemselves.Forexample,acupof734coffeecanalsobuyonefishingnet(網(wǎng))forarefugee.Theycanfishforthemselves.Khersellsthecoffeeonlineandtocoffeestores.MeganMurphyownsacoffeestoreinWashington,D.C.Sheserves734coffeeinherstoreandpeopleloveit.Thecoffeetastesdelicious,soit'sawin-winonbothsides.57.Kherlefthishomewhenhewasthreeyearsoldbecause________.A.hisparentsopenedastore B.hisvillagewasburntinthewarC.hehadtomovetotheUS D.helosthishomeinanearthquake58.Kherhelpstherefugeesby________.A.makingfishingnets B.offeringcoffeetothemC.startingaprogram D.sendingthembackhome59.C.cofeefromMeganMurphy'sstoretastesdeliciousD.MeganMurphyisoneoftherefugeesinGambella(缺題目和A，B兩個(gè)選項(xiàng))60.Thewriterwrotethepassageto_______.A.sell734coffeeandmakemoneyB.showhisloveof734coffeeC.teachrefugeestofishforthemselvesD.introduceKher’sprogram體裁記敘文話題歷史與社會(huì)詞數(shù)279【主旨大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章首先介紹了曾經(jīng)蘇丹難民凱爾從小與父母分離，背井離鄉(xiāng)。在大學(xué)期間創(chuàng)立了蘇丹人道主義援助的項(xiàng)目，讓人們關(guān)注難民生活?，F(xiàn)在他創(chuàng)辦的一家名為734咖啡公司，就是項(xiàng)目的一部分，盈利用來幫助難民的故事。57.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段…h(huán)isvillagewasburntinthewar.Hewasseparatedfromhisparentsandneversawthemagain.可知，因?yàn)樗麄兊拇迩f在戰(zhàn)爭中被燒了，所以他才與父母分離，離開家鄉(xiāng)。故選B。58.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段Whilehewasincollegehestartedaprogramtohelptherefugees.可知，他在大學(xué)里通過啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)目來幫助難民們，故選C。59.B60.D作者意圖題。本文主要介紹了凱爾的項(xiàng)目之一建立734咖啡店來幫助難民們，故選D。（2018·重慶A）V.口語運(yùn)用。(每小題1分,共5分)閱讀下面對(duì)話,從方框內(nèi)7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇5個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥油瓿纱藢?duì)話,并把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。A.Whenwillitstart?B.Youcanbookitonourwebsite.C.WhatcanIdoforyou?D.Enjoyyourself.E.WherecanIgettheticket?F.Thankyouforyourhelp.G.It'swonderful.A:Hello,thisisRenminOperaHouse.____61_____.B:Oh,hi.Doyoustillhaveticketsforthepianoconcerttonight?A:Onemoment,please.Uh,yes,thereareafewleft.B:That'sgreat!____62_______A：At7:30.B:Howlongwillitlast?A:Itwilllastabouttwohours.B:Soundsgreat.CanIbook(預(yù)定)oneticketnow?A:Yes._____63_____BWell,buthowcanIdoit?A:Justgotoourwebsite,fillinyourinformation,chooseaseatandpayonline.B:Soundseasy.____64_____A:Atthegateatleasthalfanhourbeforetheshowstarts.B:____65______A:You’rewelcome.話題：購物【主旨大意】本對(duì)話談?wù)摰氖侨绾钨徠薄?1.C由下句Doyoustillhaveticketsforthepianoconcerttonight?（還有今天晚上鋼琴音樂會(huì)的票嗎？）可知，A為售票員，應(yīng)問有什么可以幫你的嗎？故選C。62.A由下句At7：30.可知上句是詢問時(shí)間的，故選A。63.B由下句Justgotoourwebsite,fillinyourinformation,chooseaseatandpayonline.（僅僅去我們的網(wǎng)站，填上你的信息，選好座位，網(wǎng)上支付）知，售票員讓她在網(wǎng)上訂票，故選B。64.E由下句Atthegateatleasthalfanhourbeforetheshowstarts.（在節(jié)目開始之前至少半小時(shí)在門口）知，問在哪里取票，故選E。65.F由下句You’rewelcome.可知，上句是表達(dá)謝意的，故選F。第Ⅱ卷(共55分)Ⅵ.（2018·重慶A）任務(wù)型閱讀。（66-68題,每小題2分,69小題3分,共9分）閱讀下文并回答向題。AgroupofstudentsfromtheUShavebeeninChinaforaweek.Hereispartoftheirchathistory（聊天記錄)onWeChat.20:45Hi,everybody!Anythingtosharetoday?Hi,everybody!Anythingtosharetoday?20:49Yes,Iwenttoarestauranttohavedinnerwithsomefriendsthisevening.Yes,Iwenttoarestauranttohavedinnerwithsomefriendsthisevening.Whenwefinishedthemeal,thewaiterbroughtusthebill.Itwas270yuan.Wegavehim300yuanandleft30asatip(小費(fèi))forhisservice(服務(wù)).Tooursurprise,hereturnedusthechange!Really?Howkindheis!Really?Howkindheis!20:53@SunnyIt’@SunnyIt’sdifferentfromthatoftheUS.Iworkedinarestaurantinmyfreetime.Iacceptedtips.Well,somethinginterestinghappenedtomethismorning...20:55IcouldnIcouldn’tfindthebusstop.Icameuptoamanwhowaswalkingnearmeandshowedhimthebusnumber.Henoddedandaskedmetofollow.Wewalkedforabout10minutesandfinallygottothebusstop.Iwantedtogivehimahug(擁抱)toshowthanks,buthejustsaidgoodbyeandwalkedaway.Icouldn'tbelievethathehadtakensomuchtroubleforastranger(陌生人)!Stonehadtakensomuchtroubleforastranger(陌生人)!ItseemsthatChinesepeopledon'tusuallyhug.ItseemsthatChinesepeopledon'tusuallyhug.Iguessso.It’sreallyunforgettable!Iguessso.It’sreallyunforgettable!21:02Iagree.TheChinesepeopleIhavemetthesedaysareallsofriendly,politeandhelpful.Wewillenjoytherestofourtripforsure.StoneIagree.TheChinesepeopleIhavemetthesedaysareallsofriendly,politeandhelpful.Wewillenjoytherestofourtripforsure.Stoneandhelpful.WewillenjoytherestofourtripforHowmuchwasSunny'sbill?_________________________________________________________DidStonefindthebusstopintheend?________________________________________________________Whatarethegroupofstudentsmainlytalkingabout?___________________________________________________________DoyouthinkitisnecessaryforSunnytogivetipsfortheservice?Whyorwhynot?______________________________________________________________________體裁記敘文話題文化習(xí)俗詞數(shù)283【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要以微信記錄的方式來介紹他們在中國旅行的經(jīng)歷，包括餐飲服務(wù)文化，和中國表達(dá)謝意的方式，這些與美國都是不同的。66.270yuan./Itwas270yuan.由第二個(gè)表格...thewaiterbroughtusthebill.Itwas270yuan.可知，賬單金額為270元。67.Yes,he(she)did.由第五個(gè)表格Wewalkedforabout10minutesandfinallygottothebusstop.可知，最后走了10分鐘的路程，終于到達(dá)了汽車站，故應(yīng)為肯定回答。68.ExperienceinChina./Unforgettablethingsandpeople./Differentcultures.通過感受餐飲服務(wù)文化，和中國表達(dá)謝意的方式，來介紹他們在中國旅行的經(jīng)歷。69.Yes,Ithinkso.Becauseit’sawaytoshowthanksforthewaiter’sservice.No,Idon’tthinkso.Becausewedon’tgiveoraccepttipsforservicesinChina./Becausehe(she)haspaidforthemeal.It’sthewaiter’sdutytoservewell.（本題為開放性試題，答案合理即可。）VII.(2018·重慶A)完成句子（每空1分，共10分）根據(jù)所給提示，完成句子。每空一詞，含縮略詞。70.(2018·重慶A)Jeffplayedtenniswithhisclassmatesyesterday.（改為否定句）Jefftenniswithhisclassmatesyesterday.70.didn’tplay【解析】考查否定句結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語動(dòng)詞played是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的否定句結(jié)構(gòu)為didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形。71.(2018·重慶A)Igotothemoviesonceaweek.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）doyougotothemovies？71.Howoften【解析】考查特殊疑問詞。onceaweek是表示時(shí)間的頻度副詞短語，就頻度副詞提問用howoften。72.(2018·重慶A)MysisterwilltakecareofmycatwhenIamonholiday.（改為同義句）MysisterwillmycatwhenIamonholiday.72.lookafter【解析】考查同義詞短語。takecareof意為“照顧；照看”，與lookafter同義。73.(2018·重慶A)當(dāng)我們有不同意見時(shí)，應(yīng)該相互理解。（完成譯句）Whenwehavedifferentideas，weshouldunderstand.73.eachother【解析】考查短語詞組。表示“相互”用eachother。74.(2018·重慶A)史蒂芬.霍金不僅是一名偉大的科學(xué)家，而且是一位著名的作家。（完成譯句）StephenHawkingwasnotonlyagreatscientistafamouswriter.74.butalso【解析】考查短語句型。表示“不但……而且……”用notonly…butalso…句型。VIII.(2018·重慶A)短文填空。（每空2分，共16分）根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容，在短文的空格處填上一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通順。Aswearegrowingup，wereallyneedadvicefromadults.Herearethreepeopletalkingabouttheirexperiences.Jasper,26,actorYou’renotalone.Sometimeswhenyou’reateenager,youfeelasifyou’reallaloneandthere’s75youcantalkto.DoyouknowtwentytothirtypercentofteenagersintheUShaveahard76goingthroughtheperiod?Theyfeellonelyandsad.Ithinklifeissomucheasierifyou77yourtroubleswithothers.IregretthatIdidn’ttaketheadvicewhensomeonegaveittome.Steve,27,teacherYourteachersonlywantwhat’sbestforyou.WhenIwasinschool，IneverthoughtI’dbecomeateacher.Iactedbadlyinclass，andIfeel78aboutthatnow.IlovemyjobandIknowhowchallengingitis，soIhopekidscanshowtheirteachersmorerespect（尊重）.Ihopekidscan79thatteacherspushthemtodotheirbestandnotjusttogivethemahardtime.Anna,29,doctorMoneydoesn’tgrowontrees.WhenIwasteenager，Ineverlearned80tosavemoney.Ijustspentit！MyparentsgavemeeverythingIwanted.ButIrealizenowtheyspentlittle81themselves.NowIwishIknewmoreaboutplanningmymoney，andIamnottheonlyone!Itseemsthattoday’steenagersknowaboutmoneyplanningevenless82meyearsago.Idowishtheycouldlearnaboutitearlier.體裁說明文話題情感與情緒詞數(shù)285【主旨大意】這篇短文是由演員、教師、醫(yī)生等三個(gè)不同經(jīng)歷的人分別講述了青少年時(shí)對(duì)不同事物的感受。75.nobody由前面的“你感到好像總是獨(dú)自一人”可知這里為“沒有人能和你說話”，表示“沒有人”用nobody。76.time根據(jù)下一句“他們感到孤單和難過”，可以推斷該句應(yīng)為“你知道在美國百分之三四十的青少年度過這段時(shí)間有困難”，havea