2025年高一英語寒假銜接（外研版）專題6. 語法填空（學生版）

語法填空策略講練1.積累基礎詞匯，掌握常用的短語對于常用的、易錯的詞要多下功夫記憶，如動詞過去式、過去分詞的不規(guī)則變化，構詞法中常見的詞綴等，都要熟記在心。2．系統(tǒng)掌握語法知識，了解語法功能學生要了解各項語法功能，要能夠準確分析句子結構和句子成分。關于句法，學生要準確判斷從句的類型，并熟練掌握各種引導詞的用法。3．強化語篇意識，提高理解能力平時可以選擇一些難度中等的文章進行精讀，研究文章的寫作思路、結構特點等。與此同時，及時總結經驗，提高在語篇情境下的解題能力，從而提高解題準確率，取得理想的成績。一．有提示詞詞匯派生考查加前綴或后綴構成的派生詞詞形轉換名詞、代詞的數(shù)、格及反身代詞名詞主要考查單數(shù)變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)，代詞主要考查人稱代詞變?yōu)槲镏鞔~。另外，還需關注反身代詞。比較等級主要考查形容詞、副詞變?yōu)楸容^級和最高級。動詞動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣和主謂一致等。非謂語動詞考查動詞的-ing形式、-ed形式和不定式形式。技法1若句子沒有別的謂語動詞，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與其是并列關系時，所填動詞就是謂語動詞，這時就要考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)。Thiscoastalareawasnamed(name)anationalwildlifereservelastyear.Shewasphoning(phone)someone，soInoddedtoherandwentaway.技法2若句子中已有謂語動詞，又不是并列關系時，所填動詞通常是非謂語動詞，這時就要確定是動詞的-ing形式，-ed形式，還是不定式形式。(1)作目的狀語只能用不定式的一般式，可位于句首或句尾。Tocomplete(complete)theprojectasplanned，we'llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.(2)作伴隨狀語一般用動詞的-ing形式。WhenIwaslittle，mymotherusedtositbymybed，telling(tell)mestoriestillIfellasleep.(3)非謂語動詞作后置定語時，表示被動的、已完成的動作用過去分詞；表示被動的、正在進行的動作用beingdone；表示被動的、尚未進行的動作用tobedone。Thebridgebuilt(build)in2012wasdesignedbyalocalcompany.Thebridgebeingbuilt(build)nowwasdesignedbyalocalcompany.Thebridgetobebuilt(build)nextyearwasdesignedbyalocalcompany.技法3當空格后所給的提示詞是名詞，且作主語或賓語時，通?？疾樵撁~的復數(shù)形式。Formostofusthechanges(change)aregradual.Wehaveavarietyofemotions(emotion)likesadness，anger，fear，enthusiasmandhappiness.技法4當空格后所給的提示詞是動詞，并且所填的詞在句中作主語或賓語時，通?？疾樵搫釉~所派生出的名詞。Onceyoureachthatpointinlife，happinessandsatisfaction(satisfy)can'tbetoofaraway.Thesepeoplehavemadegreatcontributions(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.技法5當空格后所給的提示詞是形容詞，并且所填的詞在句中作狀語，通常考查該形容詞所派生出的副詞。Hewasunhappytoseethecustomerwalkoutoftherestaurantangrily(angry)．Soyouseereadingbooksisreally(real)awonderfulhobby.技法6當空格后所給的提示詞是副詞時，通常考查該副詞的比較等級。Theharder(hard)youwork，thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.Whyareyoukillingyourtimethisway?Youshouldfindsomethingthatisbetter(well)worthdoing.例練11.Butfortouristslikeme，pandasareitstop(attract)．2.Thetitlewillbe(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.3.Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork，youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識別)thoseof(great)andlessimportance.4.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.5．Recent(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks(regular)．6.Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow(be)oftenacceptable.7.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice，you'llbelesslikely(bring)yourworkhome.8.ItwasraininglightlywhenI(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.9．Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution，I'dlikeyoutolookatastudy(conduct)inAustraliain2012.10.Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience，(especial)ifyouaretravellingathighspeed.11.Yogadoeshelppeoplebecome(health)．12.Shetookmefromapoor，unhappycollegestudentand(bring)meintoherworld，aworldofsmiles，loveand(warm)．13.Thedeveloperssay(it)learningabilitymaysomedayletcomputershelpsolvereal-worldproblems.14.Atnineteen，hedecidedtodevote(he)tomusic.15.Hewalkedinasifhe(buy)theschool.16.Butthatdidn'tpreventtheboyfrombecomingoneofthe(great)composersofalltime.17.Expectedly，Jim(inform)thathegotthejobeventually.18.Donotcarrytoomuchmoneyor(necessary)creditcards.19.Beforeshecouldexpressherthankstousmydaughtergaveherthefoodwe(buy)forthetrip.20.Thesightseeingoptionsare(end)，butmosttravelersbeginontheharborattheSydneyOperaHouse.二．無提示詞介詞介詞與動詞、名詞、形容詞的搭配。冠詞冠詞的基本用法及固定搭配。情態(tài)動詞和助動詞情態(tài)動詞與助動詞的基本用法。并列連詞表示并列、因果、轉折及選擇等。從句引導詞定語從句、名詞性從句及狀語從句的引導詞。代詞和名詞人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞和不定代詞；名詞主要考查固定短語。語境填詞表行為邏輯的副詞besides，however，therefore等。特殊句式及其他強調句型it和that的考查；倒裝句only，so，neither，nor，never等的考查；感嘆句中what和how的考查；therebe結構中對there的考查等。技法1在簡單句和并列句中，若句子缺主語或賓語，空白處一定是填代詞。WearegoingtotheMuseumofNaturalHistorynextweekend.Willyoujoinus?Sophiawaitedforareply，butnonecame.技法2名詞前面若無限定詞修飾，空白處很可能是填限定詞(冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞等)。Thewalkwilllastlong，soyou'dbetterbringapackedlunch.Thestudentshavemadeuptheirmindstofinishtheprojectontime.技法3名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動詞的賓語時，其前面的空白處一定是填介詞。Sheoweshersuccesstoherparents'support.Tomyanger，allofthemwenttothecinemawithoutme.技法4若兩個句子之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，空白處一定是填并列連詞或從屬連詞(引導定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句)。Mikewasusuallyverycareful，butthistimehemadeasmallmistake.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoourschool.Ididn'trealizewhatterriblemistakesIhadmadeuntiltheteachertoldme.Ifitisconvenientforyou，canyoupickhimupattheairportat11：30am?技法5由特殊句式結構來判斷空白處應填的詞。Itisnotwhatyousaybutwhatyoudothatmatters.Onlyinthiswaycanthechildrengrowupphysicallyandmentallyhealthy.例練21．Mostofusaremorefocusedourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.2．So，getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductivepossiblebeforelunch.3.Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsideforwhile，exercising，ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.4.InmuchofAsia，especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina，Japan，Korea，Vietnam，foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.5.Overtime，thepopulationgrew，peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.6．InIndia，forexample，mostpeopletraditionallyeattheirhands.7．Theprizeforthewinnerofthecompetitionistwo-weekholidayinParis.8．Inmanyways，theeducationsystemintheUSisnotverydifferentfromintheUK.9．Thestudysuggeststhatthecultureswegrowupinfluencethebasicprocessesbywhichweseetheworldaroundus.10．Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneofhasbeenproved.11．Thenthedriverstoodupandasked，“anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop？”12．Later，Ireceivedacassettefrom，inwhichherecordedhisapology.13.Theretheymetpeoplefromotherpartsofthecountry，hadalsovolunteeredtohelp.14．Doyouknowwhy?It'shappinessstandsforsweetnessinmostpeople'sminds.15．Thisisbecauseit'swecall“aleapyear”．16．FinallyIfoundthatshewastryingtoaskmeIhadanextrapen.17．youknow，wehavearrangedatriptotheartgallery.18．Iwillappreciateifyougivemeahandtosolvetheproblems.19．Itwasconsistentloveandkindnesswonalifelongfriendshipofloyalty.20．Doctorsandresearcherscanseeithappening，theycannotprovideadescriptionofwhyitstarted.隨堂練習一閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩?個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。Musicisoneofthemost___36___(power)thingsinmylife.Listeningtomusiccanhelptomotivatemeintryingtime.Whenyounger,I___37___(have)nogreatloveformusicasIdonow.Imainlylistenedtothemusic___38___myparentswereplaying.WhetherIwasinthecar,thehouse,___39___anywhereelse,therewassuretobesomeBeatles,orBuddyHollyconstantlyplayinginthebackground.NowasIamolder,Ienjoyitforthereasonthatitallowsmetoremembermychildhood.Ibelievemusichasthepower___40___(express)allsortsofemotions.Thesong“ALittleBitLonger”JonasBrothersis___41___anemotionalandinspiringsongthatwhenhearit,Ialwayscomecloseto___42___(drop)downtears,especiallywhenIwatchitbeingplayedlive.Theeffect(thatmusiccanhave___43___ouremotionsisgreat,asitcanbringpeopletofloodsoftearsorburstsof___44___(laugh).Ibelievemusicaffectspeopleinmanyways.Tome,musicis____45____(extreme)importantinmylife.二閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩?個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。NewYearwasjustaroundthecorner.Iwassecondgradethen,7yearsold.Oneday,onmywayhomefromschool,aladygavemeapieceofpaper___56___(say)thattheneighborhoodwasaskingpeopletogiveNewYearpresentstothose___57___neededthem.WhenIshowedmymomthispaper,sheencouragedmetotakepartinitandspread___58___(kind)tootherslessfortunatethanus.Shesaidwewouldbecome“NeighborhoodAngels”.Severaldayslater,mymother___59___(drive)metothestoreandgaveme$20topayforneighborhoodpresent.Thenshesaid,“I’llseeyououtsideinthecar.”Sheleftmealonetodotheshopping.Iwasnotusedto___60___(buy)thingsonmyown,asIhadalwaysbeenwithoneofmy___61___(parent)before.Everythingseemedverystrangeandconfusingtome,___62___Icarriedon.Suddenly,Irememberedthepoorboy___63___(call)Jackwholivedinourneighborhood.Iusedtoseehim___64___ajacketduringthefreezingwintermonths,soIdecided,thenandthere,tobuyhimawarmjacket.Ilookedatmanyjacketsand____65____(final)choseaheavyblueone.Thatevening,Isentthepresenttohimwithmymom.Seeingthetearsinhiseyes,IfeltasifIwereareal“NeighborhoodAngel”.三閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。Doyourememberatimewhenyouhadnoworriesstoppingyoufromgettingagoodnight'srest?____36____(fortunate),yourhappychildhoodisprobablyathingofthepast.Arecentsurveyhasfoundthatmanypeoplesuffer____37____sleepproblems.Someareunabletofall____38____(sleep),somewakeupinthemiddleofthenight,andotherssimplydonotgetenoughsleep.Oneofthereasonswhypeoplefailtogetagoodnight'ssleep____39____(be)pressurefromschoolorwork.Noisepollutionandlightpollutioninbig____40____(city)mayalsocontributetosleepproblems.Intheshortterm,peoplewithsleepproblemsoftenfeeltiredandhavetrouble____41____(concentrate).Inthelongterm,theymaybeatincreasedriskofhaving____42____poormemory,beingoverweightandsufferingaheartattack.Sleepproblemsareespeciallydangerousforteenagers.Theyarestillgrowing,andnightisthetimewhen____43____(they)bodiesgrowfaster.Teenagerswhodonotgetenoughsleepmayexperiencesituations____44____bodydevelopmentslowsdown,andtheirhealthsuffers.So,ifyouhaveasleepproblem,itmightbetime_____45_____(make)somechangesinyourlifestyle.四閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩?個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。ItisreportedthatFinlandhasstoppedteachingsubjectslikeMathsandHistory.___56___(school)inFinlandaresomeof___57___bestintheworld.AccordingtothePISArankings,Finland’seducationsystemisthe3rdbest,___58___(beat)onlybySingapore.Thisiswhythedramaticchangesareso___59___(surprise).TheFinnishsystemisalreadysogood.Willthechangesmakeiteven___60___(good)?TraditionalschoolsubjectssuchasMaths,Chemistry,HistoryandEnglishwillbecancelled.“Topics”suchastheEuropeanUnionwilltaketheplaceof____61____(they).Topicteaching___62___(mean)thatstudentswillstudylotsofdifferentsubjects___63___thesametime.SowhenstudentslearnabouttheEuropeanUnion,theywilllearnhistory,geographyandeconomicsinthesameclass.ThechangehasalreadystartedandallschoolsinFinlandwillbeteachingtopicsby2023.Helsinki'seducationmanagersaysthat___64___(teach)childrentraditionalsubjectsdoesnotbenefitstudentsalot.Th