專題02-閱讀填空(第03期)-江蘇高考英語模擬試題分項匯編(教師版)

專題02閱讀填空（第03期）-2023屆江蘇高考英語模擬試題分項匯編七選五【2023屆江蘇省南京市鎮(zhèn)江市高三上學(xué)期第一次八校聯(lián)考】TheSpotlightEffectHaveyoueverfeltasiftheentireworldwaswatchingwhileyoumadeamistake?Well,here’ssomegoodnews:it’slikelythatnooneevennoticed.____16____Wehavethisexperiencenotonlywhenwemakemistakesbutalsowhenweperformwell.Everytimewedosomethingthatisalittledifferentfromwhatweusuallydo,wemayassumethateveryonearounduswillnotice.Thespotlighteffectmighthappenwhenwemakeamistakeinagame,haveabadhairday,orgiveaterribleanswerinclass.____17____Inthesemoments,itfeelslikeeveryoneiswatching.Thespotlighteffectexistsbecauseweallgetusedtoseeingthingsthroughourowneyes.Everypersonisthemaincharacterinhisorherstory,andtheeventsofourlivesseemtohavegreatimportance.____18____Thespotlighteffectisaverycommonpartofthehumanexperience.However,insomecases,itcanleadtoextremesocialanxietyandnervousnessaroundotherpeople.Everyonesufferssomedegreeofsocialanxiety.Weallcareaboutwhatothersthink,andweallwanttobeliked.It’snormaltowonderaboutwhateffectwehaveonotherpeople.____19____Ifsomeoneissonervousthattheycan’tmakegooddecisions,thenit’stimetotakeactionandimprovethesituation.Learningaboutthespotlighteffectisimportantbecauseitcanhelpusreduceouranxiety.Nexttimeyoufeellikeeveryoneisstaringatyou,remindyourselfthatit’sjustyourmindplayingtricksonyou.____20____Ifyoufillyourmindwiththoughtsofyourfriendsandfamily,itwillhelpyoubelessself-conscious.A．However,thiscanbeaproblemwhentheanxietyistoomuchtohandle.B．That’swhyfewerpeoplenoticetheembarrassingcircumstancestheyencounter.C．Anothergoodexerciseistomakeanefforttonoticethepeoplearoundyou,ratherthanfocusingonyourself.D．Thespotlighteffectisatrickofthemindthatmakesusbelievethatpeoplenoticeusmoreoftenthantheyreallydo.E．Whatyoucandoatthismomentistoignorethem.F．Wearesobusyexaminingourselvesthatweactuallyobserveverylittleabouteveryonearoundus.G．Itcanalsoappearwhenwescoreabiggoal,asksomeoneonadate,ordoagooddeed.【答案】16．D

17．G

18．F

19．A

20．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了聚光燈效應(yīng)的概念、成因和作用。16．由標(biāo)題“TheSpotlightEffect(聚光燈效應(yīng))”，第一段“Haveyoueverfeltasiftheentireworldwaswatchingwhileyoumadeamistake?Well,here’ssomegoodnews:it’slikelythatnooneevennoticed.(當(dāng)你犯錯誤時，你有沒有覺得整個世界都在注視著你？好吧，這里有一些好消息：很可能沒有人注意到)”和下文“Wehavethisexperiencenotonlywhenwemakemistakesbutalsowhenweperformwell.Everytimewedosomethingthatisalittledifferentfromwhatweusuallydo,wemayassumethateveryonearounduswillnotice.(我們不僅在犯錯時，而且在表現(xiàn)出色時都有這種經(jīng)歷。每次我們做一些與平時稍有不同的事情時，我們都會認(rèn)為周圍的人都會注意到)”可知，上下文講聚光燈效應(yīng)出現(xiàn)的場合，當(dāng)人們出錯時，人們總覺得會被周圍的許多人注意到，但事實(shí)真相是：很可能沒有人注意到你的行為，說明聚光燈效應(yīng)只是一種心理作用，是人們自己認(rèn)為會被注意到的一種現(xiàn)象，可得出D選項“聚光燈效應(yīng)是一種大腦欺騙我們的手段，讓我們誤以為別人注意到我們的次數(shù)比實(shí)際情況更多?！鼻蓄}，呼應(yīng)最后一段“Nexttimeyoufeellikeeveryoneisstaringatyou,remindyourselfthatit’sjustyourmindplayingtricksonyou.(下次當(dāng)你覺得每個人都盯著你看的時候，提醒自己這只是你的大腦在捉弄你)”。故選D項。17．G選項“當(dāng)我們?nèi)〉靡粋€大的目標(biāo)，約某人約會或做一件好事時，它也會出現(xiàn)?！背薪由衔摹癟hespotlighteffectmighthappenwhenwemakeamistakeinagame,haveabadhairday,orgiveaterribleanswerinclass.(聚光燈效應(yīng)可能發(fā)生在我們在比賽中犯錯、頭發(fā)糟糕或在課堂上給出糟糕的答案時)”講聚光燈效應(yīng)出現(xiàn)場合的具體事例。故選G項。18．由上文“Everypersonisthemaincharacterinhisorherstory,andtheeventsofourlivesseemtohavegreatimportance.(每個人都是他或她的故事中的主角，我們生活中的事件似乎很重要)”可知，人們很關(guān)注自己和自己身上發(fā)生的事情，該空與上文是因果關(guān)系，F(xiàn)選項“我們忙于審視自己，實(shí)際上很少觀察周圍的人?！背薪由衔闹v因為人們更多得關(guān)注自己，所以很少注意周圍的人。故選F項。19．A選項“然而，當(dāng)焦慮太多而無法處理時，這可能是一個問題。”與上文“Everyonesufferssomedegreeofsocialanxiety.Weallcareaboutwhatothersthink,andweallwanttobeliked.It’snormaltowonderaboutwhateffectwehaveonotherpeople.(每個人都有一定程度的社交焦慮。我們都關(guān)心別人的想法，我們都想被人喜歡。想知道我們對其他人有什么影響是正常的)”講“擁有一定程度的社交焦慮是正?，F(xiàn)象”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，引出焦慮太多會成問題的事實(shí)，銜接下文“Ifsomeoneissonervousthattheycan’tmakegooddecisions,thenit’stimetotakeactionandimprovethesituation.(如果有人過于緊張，無法做出正確的決定，那么是時候采取行動改善這種情況了)”講針對這種情況要采取措施的內(nèi)容。故選A項。20．C選項“另一個好的練習(xí)是努力去注意你周圍的人，而不是專注于你自己?！背薪由衔摹癗exttimeyoufeellikeeveryoneisstaringatyou,remindyourselfthatit’sjustyourmindplayingtricksonyou.(下次當(dāng)你覺得每個人都盯著你看的時候，提醒自己這只是你的大腦在捉弄你)”講克服聚光燈效應(yīng)的具體策略。故選C項。七選五【江蘇省蘇州市2022--2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期八校聯(lián)考指標(biāo)調(diào)研】Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon._____16_____Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment.It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue._____17_____Somekidswithdrawfromfriendsandfamily.Othersrespondwithangryoutbursts.Someteensmayskipschoolorstopeatingorsleeping.Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious.Evendepressedteensmaynotrealizetheyhavethisproblem._____18_____MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2019.However,astudybyresearchersatHarvardandYaleuniversitiesfoundthathalfofallteenswithdepressiondon'tgethelpuntiltheybecomeadults.Andonlyoneinthreewillhavebeendiagnosedbytheirdoctor._____19_____"Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme,"Deesays,themental-healthprofessionalinLincoln,Neb.Deesays,peersshouldalsoseekforsignsofdepression.Keepaneyeonyourfriends,sherecommends.Watchforsymptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness._____20_____Anyofthesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression.Overall,knowingwho—andhow—tohelpisessentialforsuccessfullytreatingdepressioninteens.A．Andtheshareofthoseaffectedishigh.B．Somemaystartabusingalcoholordrugs.C．Teensshouldbehonestwiththeiranswers.D．Theproblemisthatdepressioninteenscanbehardtospot.E．Thereisalinkbetweenmentalillnessandsuicideinteens.F．Butforsometeens,thoseemotionstakeamoreextremeturn.G．Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon.【答案】16．F

17．D

18．A

19．C

20．G【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章中介紹了青少年患抑郁癥的現(xiàn)象。青少年患抑郁癥的情況越來越嚴(yán)重。但是，問題在于發(fā)現(xiàn)抑郁癥很難，甚至連青少年本人都沒有意識到自己的問題。專家提出，家長、老師和青少年本人都要關(guān)注青少年抑郁的問題。16．上文“Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingsofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon.”（對于青少年來說，生活是充滿挑戰(zhàn)的。他們必須同時兼顧學(xué)業(yè)、家庭生活和朋友。悲傷、沮喪和易怒的情緒是很常見的。）以及下文“Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment”（他們的消極情緒不會來來去去。相反，這些強(qiáng)烈的感覺可能導(dǎo)致一種叫做抑郁癥的疾病，可能需要治療。）根據(jù)空前和空后內(nèi)容可知，該空和上文應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。后文中提到的抑郁癥是消極情緒極端化的體現(xiàn)。F選項：但對一些青少年來說，這些情緒發(fā)生了更極端的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選F。17．上文“It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue”（人們很容易認(rèn)為抑郁的人只是感到悲傷或絕望。對很多青少年來說，這可能是真的。）下文“Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious”（老師、家長甚至是青少年的密友可能很難判斷這些行為是青少年的一部分，還是一些真正嚴(yán)重的跡象。）由此推知，抑郁很難發(fā)現(xiàn)。D選項hardtospot切題。故選D。18．下文“MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2019”（2019年，超過300萬12歲至17歲的美國人經(jīng)歷過抑郁癥。）該空引出下文，A選項“受影響的比例很高”符合語境。故選A。19．根據(jù)下文精神健康專家Dee說的話“Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme”（我只會根據(jù)患者告訴我的情況開展工作。）C選項“青少年應(yīng)該對自己的問題做出誠實(shí)的回答”符合語境。故選C。20．根據(jù)空后的“thesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression(這些行為可能是抑郁癥的癥狀)”可知，該空應(yīng)該指出抑郁癥的一些行為。G選項“Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon(甚至逃課也可能是有嚴(yán)重問題發(fā)生的信號)。該選項中的even是對前文“symptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness”的遞進(jìn)。故選G。七選五【江蘇省泰州中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次月度檢測】TVscanberecycled,andwhiletheprocessmayinvolvesomelegwork,it’softenworththetroublecomparedwiththealternative.AnunwantedTVcanfeellikeanalbatross(沉的負(fù)擔(dān))aroundyourneckespeciallyifit’sanoldone,whichtendstobeheavierandbulkierthannewerTVs.____16____IftheTVstillworks,thebestoptionmaybetosellordonateitratherthanskippingaheadtorecycling.Ifitdoesn’twork,though,orifyouhavedifficultyfindingsomeonewhowantsit,youstillhaveotherenvironmentallyresponsibleoptions.Likemanyelectronicdevices,TVscontainavarietyofmaterialssuchasplastic,heavymetals,andothertoxinsthatcanposeapollutionriskifnotdealtwithproperly.____17____EvenifyoufacenolegalconsequencesfortossingaTVintothetrash,however,therearealsopracticalandethicalreasonswhyrecyclingisabetterdecision.____18____Itisagoodideatocheckifyourlocalrecyclingorwaste-managementauthorityacceptse-wasteinsomeform,likespecialpickupdaysordrop-offevents;justdon’texpectittobequiteaseasyasputtingoutyourweeklypaperandplasticrecycling.Whilesomeelectronicdeviceslikecellphonesarecommonlyfreetorecycle,bereadytopayafeeforTVrecycling.Thatmightseemunfair:You’regivingawayaTVfullofusefulmaterialstoberecycledandreused,sowhyshouldyouhavetopayanything?____19________20____IftheTVespeciallylargeorheavy,consideraskingsomeonetohelpyoucarryit.A．TVscontainbothpotentiallyharmfulandpotentiallyvaluablematerials.B．RecyclingofTVsandothere-wasteisrequiredbylawin25U.S.states.C．TVsmayberecyclable,butthatdoesn’tmeantheycangodirectlyintoyourrecyclingbin.D．RecyclingaTVoftenmeansphysicallytransportingitsomewhere,whichistiringandneedscooperation.E．CombinedwiththebulkysizeandheavyweightofmanyTVs,thisaddsexpensetotherecyclingprocess.F．YetthereareafewwaystodisposeofaTV,dependinglargelyontheTV’sconditionandyourlocation.G．WhenTVsfirstarriveatarecyclingcenter,they’reoftencheckedtoseeiftheycanberepairedandreused.【答案】16．F

17．B

18．C

19．E

20．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本篇文章介紹了電視回收利用時應(yīng)該注意的事項。16．根據(jù)“IftheTVstillworks,thebestoptionmaybetosellordonateitratherthanskippingaheadtorecycling.Ifitdoesn’twork,though,orifyouhavedifficultyfindingsomeonewhowantsit,youstillhaveotherenvironmentallyresponsibleoptions.(如果電視還能用，最好的選擇可能是賣掉或捐獻(xiàn)，而不是跳到回收利用。然而，如果它不起作用，或者你很難找到想要它的人，你仍然有其他對環(huán)境負(fù)責(zé)的選擇)”可知，在對電視回收利用之前，需要根據(jù)電視的情況以及你的所處環(huán)境來進(jìn)行判斷。F項“然而，有幾種處理電視的方法，主要取決于電視的狀況和您的位置”符合語境。F項中“dependinglargelyontheTV’sconditionandyourlocation”和后面的語境項呼應(yīng)。故選F。17．根據(jù)“EvenifyoufacenolegalconsequencesfortossingaTVintothetrash,however,therearealsopracticalandethicalreasonswhyrecyclingisabetterdecision.(然而，即使你把電視扔進(jìn)垃圾桶沒有法律后果，回收利用是一個更好的決定也有現(xiàn)實(shí)和道德的原因)”可知，空中應(yīng)該提到有法律規(guī)定要對電視進(jìn)行回收利用。B項“美國25個州的法律要求回收電視和其他電子垃圾”，B項中的“bylaw”和后面的“nolegal”相呼應(yīng)。故選B。18．根據(jù)“Itisagoodideatocheckifyourlocalrecyclingorwaste-managementauthorityacceptse-wasteinsomeform,likespecialpickupdaysordrop-offevents;(最好檢查一下您當(dāng)?shù)氐幕厥栈驈U物管理機(jī)構(gòu)是否以某種形式接受電子廢物，如特殊的提貨日或卸貨活動)”可知，本段主要提到在對電視進(jìn)行回收利用前要檢查好是否電視能夠直接進(jìn)入回收站。C項“電視可能是可回收的，但這并不意味著它們可以直接進(jìn)入回收站”符合語境。故選C。19．根據(jù)“Whilesomeelectronicdeviceslikecellphonesarecommonlyfreetorecycle,bereadytopayafeeforTVrecycling.(雖然手機(jī)等一些電子設(shè)備通常是免費(fèi)回收的，但要準(zhǔn)備好為電視回收支付費(fèi)用)”可知，本段主要說明有時電視回收是需要付一定的費(fèi)用的，所以空處需要說明付費(fèi)的原因。E項“因為許多電視機(jī)體積大、重量重，這增加了回收過程的費(fèi)用”符合語境。而且E項中的“expense”和前文中的“payafee”相呼應(yīng)。故選E。20．根據(jù)“IftheTVespeciallylargeorheavy,consideraskingsomeonetohelpyoucarryit.(如果電視機(jī)特別大或很重，考慮請人幫你搬)”可知，本段主要提醒電視在回收的過程中需要人力運(yùn)送，因為很累所以需要合作。D項“回收電視機(jī)通常意味著將其實(shí)際運(yùn)送到某處，這很累，需要合作”符合語境。而且D項中的“needscooperation”和下文中的“askingsomeonetohelpyoucarryit”相呼應(yīng)。故選D。七選五【江蘇高郵市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期十月聯(lián)考】Trappingusedtobeawaytomakeagoodliving.Thathascertainlychangedoverthepastseveralyears.Thedemandforfursisnearlygone.Environmentaliststhinktrappingiswrong.____36____Martinstartedtrappingwhenhewasnine.Hemakesaprettygoodlivingbytrappinganimalslikerabbits,foxes,etc.Hetrapsenoughanimalstomakeupforlowfurprices.“____37____Icanmakeupforlowfurpricesbybringinginmorethantheaveragetrapper,”hesaid.FarmersalsohireMartintotrapannoyinganimals.Hereceivestwodollarsforeachgopherhetraps.TheDepartmentofNaturalResourceshasalsocontractedwithMartin.Abouttwelvetimesayear,hetrapsbeaversthathavedestroyedprivateland.____38____Forexample,hishomeisfilledwithanimalskins.It’salsonoteasy.forhimtotakeadayoff.Statelawrequiresthattrapsbecheckedeveryday.“Itcanbeveryhardwork,”Martinsaid.____39____“Then,Ispendtherestoftheeveningskinninganimalsandpreparingforthenextday.Ireallydon’tgetadayoffduringtrappingseason.”Asafull-timetrapper,Martinworriesabouttheviewspeoplehaveofhisprofession.Hethinksthatmostanti-trappinggroupsdon’tunderstandthattrappinganimalshelpsinthelongrun.“____40____Theydon’tunderstandtheanimals’environment,”hesaid.“ThereareareaswhereIcan’ttrapright.now.Mostoftheanimalsinthoseareasaresickwithdiseasebecauseofthelackoffoodandoverpopulation.I’dliketoshowanyonewhoisagainsttrappingsomeoftheterriblethingsI’veseen.”A．Mostofthesepeopledon’tknowhowanimalslive.B．Rabbitsaren’tthetrapper’smostvaluablecreatures.C．Trappingfulltimedoeshaveitsdrawbacks,though.D．Forme,quantityismuchmoreimportantthanquality.E．Besides,trappingbringshimandhisfamilyotherbenefits.F．Mydayusuallystartsbeforethesunrises,anditlastsuntilafterdark.G．However,for24-year-oldJohnnyMartin,trappingremains’awayoflife.【答案】36．G

37．D

38．C

39．F

40．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。24歲的Martin以誘捕為生，他認(rèn)為有些動物過量會對環(huán)境有害，他很喜歡他的生活方式。36．根據(jù)上文“Trappingusedtobeawaytomakeagoodliving.Thathascertainlychangedoverthepastseveralyears.Thedemandforfursisnearlygone.Environmentaliststhinktrappingiswrong.(誘捕曾經(jīng)是謀生的好方法。這種情況在過去幾年里已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化。對皮草的需求幾乎消失了。環(huán)保主義者認(rèn)為誘捕是錯誤的)”可知，設(shè)空處在此起承上啟下的作用，與上文存在語義上的轉(zhuǎn)折，同時又引出下文Martin的故事。G項中的However是解題關(guān)鍵詞，且其中的trappingremainsawayoflife和上文中的trappingiswrong語義相反，G項中的JohnnyMartin又引出本文的主人公。故G選項“然而，對于24歲的JohnnyMartin來說，捕獸仍然是‘一種生活方式’”符合語境，故選G。37．根據(jù)上文中“Hetrapsenoughanimalstomakeupforlowfurprices.(他捕捉了足夠多的動物，以彌補(bǔ)毛皮價格低廉的損失)”和下文Martin所說的“Icanmakeupforlowfurpricesbybringinginmorethantheaveragetrapper(我可以賺到比一般捕獸人更多的獵物來彌補(bǔ)毛皮價格低的不足)”可知，Martin認(rèn)為數(shù)量甚至比質(zhì)量更重要，故選D項。故D選項“對我來說，數(shù)量比質(zhì)量重要得多”符合語境，故選D。38．根據(jù)下文中“hishomeisfilledwithanimalskins.(他的家里到處都是動物皮)”和“It’salsonoteasyforhimtotakeadayoff.(對他來說，休息一天也不容易)”可知，此處是指Martin全職獵捕也有缺點(diǎn)，故C項符合語境。此句為本段主題句。故C選項“不過，全職工作也有缺點(diǎn)”符合語境，故選C。39．根據(jù)上文中的“It’salsonoteasyforhimtotakeadayoff.(對他來說，休息一天也不容易)”和下文Martin所說的“Then,Ispendtherestoftheeveningskinninganimalsandpreparingforthenextday(然后，我把晚上剩下的時間用來給動物剝皮，為第二天做準(zhǔn)備)”可知，這里描述Martin從早到晚的忙碌狀態(tài)，故F選項“我的一天通常在太陽升起之前開始，一直持續(xù)到天黑之后”符合語境，故選F。40．根據(jù)上文中“Hethinksthatmostanti-trappinggroupsdon’tunderstandthattrappinganimalshelpsinthelongrun.(他認(rèn)為大多數(shù)反誘捕組織不明白誘捕動物從長遠(yuǎn)來看是有幫助的)”和下文Martin所說的“Theydon’tunderstandtheanimals’environment(他們不了解動物的生存環(huán)境)”可知，A項Mostofthesepeopledon’tknowhowanimalslive符合語境，其中的understand和know是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，且下文中的They就指Mostofthesepeople。故A選項“大多數(shù)人不知道動物是如何生活的”符合語境，故選A。七選五【2023·江蘇省南京市六校10月學(xué)情調(diào)研】Formanyyears,publicschoolstaughtonlyEuro-Americanculturalvaluesandneutralizedorignoredotherculturalheritages.Textbooksminimizedproblemsamonggroupsandtaughtasanitizedversionofhistory.ItwasassumedthateveryoneintheAmericanmeltingpotwouldeventuallyloseorabandonthoseethniccharacteristicsthatdistinguishedthemfrommainstreamAmericans.____16____Currenttextbooksabsorbavarietyofethnicindividualswhohaveachievedsuccess.Strugglesforequalityarevividlydepicted,andpastracismisfranklyacknowledged.Culturalpluralism(多元性)isnowgenerallyrecognizedastheorganizingprincipleofeducation,andchildreninAmericanschoolslearnthatvarietyandculturaldiversityareassets(資產(chǎn)).____17____ElementaryschoolstudentslearnnotonlyaboutthetraditionalThanksgivingcelebrationintheUnitedStates,butalsoaboutotherharvestholidaysaroundtheworld.TheylearnthatAfricantribalfarmersobserveharvestfestivalstothanktheirancestorsforkeepingthemwellandsendingrain.Themoon’sbirthdayisthestartoftheChineseharvestfestivalcalledChungCh’ui,inwhichtheChinesegivethanksandrememberavictoryoveraninvadingarmy.InIndia,HinduwomenhonorGauri,thegoddessoftheharvestandtheprotectorofwomen.____18____KoreansofferprayersforgoodharvestsonTanoDay,andinSwitzerlandandSweden,childrencarrylanternsmadefromvegetablestocelebratetheirharvestholiday.MiddleSchoolandhighschoolsincludeliteraturefromaroundtheworldofferingalternativeperspectivesonsocialproblemsandsignificanthistoricalevents.Ethnicstudiesdepartmentscanbefoundinhighschoolsandcolleges.____19____Thereissomeevidencethatattemptsatmulticulturaleducationareworking.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,graduationratesareup.Theshareofhighschoolstudentstakingacoreofacademicsubjectsincreasedfrom13percentto47percentinthepastdecade.Thegapbetweenwhites’andminorities’testscoreshasnarrowed.Theseaccomplishmentsmaywellbeattributedtoeducatorswhodailyconfrontdiversityintheirclassroomsandhaveidentifiedthecentralissuesineducatingaculturallydiversepopulation.____20____A．Herearesomeapproachestomulticulturaleducation.B．Thoseissuesdealwithlearningstyledifference,languagediversity,andgender.C．InAfrica,duetoextremelyhotweather,Africanssufferalot.D．Concreteexamplesofteachingdiversitycanbefoundateverygradelevel.E．Today,however,schoolsroutinelyteachtheexperienceandvaluesofmanyethniccultures.F．InJapan,thanksgivingisanationalholidayandatimetogivethanksforblessings.G．Manyschoolsfurtherrequirethatstudentstakecoursesinculturaldiversity.【答案】16．E

17．G

18．F

19．D

20．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了在美國，已經(jīng)逐漸開始要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)本國之外的其他世界上的國家的節(jié)日文化和習(xí)俗，并在學(xué)生每個階段都有提供教育資源。16．上文“ItwasassumedthateveryoneintheAmericanmeltingpotwouldeventuallyloseorabandonthoseethniccharacteristicsthatdistinguishedthemfrommainstreamAmericans.(人們認(rèn)為，在美國這個大熔爐里的每個人最終都會失去或放棄那些使他們區(qū)別于主流美國人的種族特征)”提到人們普遍認(rèn)為，在美國，每個人最終都會失去或放棄那些使他們區(qū)別于主流美國人的種族特征；下文“Currenttextbooksabsorbavarietyofethnicindividualswhohaveachievedsuccess(目前的教科書吸收了各種各樣取得成功的少數(shù)民族人士)”提到教科書其實(shí)是吸收了各種各樣取得成功的少數(shù)民族人士，即教科書上面有區(qū)別于主流美國人的種族特征的內(nèi)容，推知空處應(yīng)該是出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折，導(dǎo)致下文敘述了與上文所預(yù)料的不一樣的內(nèi)容；選項E“Today,however,schoolsroutinelyteachtheexperienceandvaluesofmanyethniccultures(然而今天，學(xué)校日常教授許多種族文化的經(jīng)驗和價值觀)”正是出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折，引出了下文所敘述的與上文所預(yù)料的不一樣的內(nèi)容，即并不是如人們想的那樣每個人最終都會失去或放棄那些使他們區(qū)別于主流美國人的種族特征，教科書其實(shí)是含有其他非主流的種族的內(nèi)容的；故選項E符合語境；故選E項。17．下文“ElementaryschoolstudentslearnnotonlyaboutthetraditionalThanksgivingcelebrationintheUnitedStates,butalsoaboutotherharvestholidaysaroundtheworld.(小學(xué)生不僅要學(xué)習(xí)美國傳統(tǒng)的感恩節(jié)慶祝活動，還要學(xué)習(xí)世界各地的其他豐收節(jié)日)”講述小學(xué)要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)美國之外的其他國家的節(jié)日習(xí)俗；選項G“Manyschoolsfurtherrequirethatstudentstakecoursesinculturaldiversity.(許多學(xué)校進(jìn)一步要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)文化多樣性課程)”提到了許多學(xué)校要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)文化多樣性課程，這與下文所述內(nèi)容主旨一致，都在講述美國要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)本國之外的文化，本句是本段的主旨句，下文是對主旨句中所述內(nèi)容的具體闡述；故選項G符合語境；故選G項。18．根據(jù)上文“TheylearnthatAfricantribalfarmersobserveharvestfestivalstothanktheirancestorsforkeepingthemwellandsendingrain.Themoon’sbirthdayisthestartoftheChineseharvestfestivalcalledChungCh’ui,inwhichtheChinesegivethanksandrememberavictoryoveraninvadingarmy.InIndia,HinduwomenhonorGauri,thegoddessoftheharvestandtheprotectorofwomen.”(他們了解到，非洲部落的農(nóng)民慶祝豐收節(jié)是為了感謝他們的祖先讓他們保持健康并送雨。中秋節(jié)是中國豐收節(jié)“ChungCh’ui,”的開始，在這個節(jié)日里，中國人表示感謝，并紀(jì)念一場戰(zhàn)勝入侵軍隊的勝利。在印度，印度教婦膜拜Gauri，Gauri是豐收女神和婦女的保護(hù)者)”可知上文都是在敘述世界各地不同國家的節(jié)日和習(xí)俗；選項F“InJapan,thanksgivingisanationalholidayandatimetogivethanksforblessings(在日本，感恩節(jié)是一個全國性的節(jié)日，也是感謝上帝賜福的日子)”也是在講述世界其他國家的節(jié)日習(xí)俗，與上文構(gòu)成排比，故選項F符合語境；故選F項。19．上文“MiddleSchoolandhighschoolsincludeliteraturefromaroundtheworldofferingalternativeperspectivesonsocialproblemsandsignificanthistoricalevents.Ethnicstudiesdepartmentscanbefoundinhighschoolsandcolleges.(中學(xué)和高中包括來自世界各地的文學(xué)作品，提供關(guān)于社會問題和重大歷史事件的不同觀點(diǎn)。民族研究部門可以在高中和大學(xué)找到)”講述了在中學(xué)、高中、大學(xué)都可以找到關(guān)于世界各地文化的教育資源；選項D“Concreteexamplesofteachingdiversitycanbefoundateverygradelevel.(在每個階段都可以找到教學(xué)多樣性的具體例子)”是對上文的總結(jié)，說明了在學(xué)生的每個階段都有教育多樣性的內(nèi)容；故選項D符合題意；故選D項。20．上文“Theseaccomplishmentsmaywellbeattributedtoeducatorswhodailyconfrontdiversityintheirclassroomsandhaveidentifiedthecentralissuesineducatingaculturallydiversepopulation.(這些成就很可能要?dú)w功于那些每天都在課堂上面對多樣性的教育工作者，他們已經(jīng)確定了教育文化多樣性人群的核心問題)”提到了教育文化多樣性的核心問題；選項B“Thoseissuesdealwithlearningstyledifference,languagediversity,andgender.(這些問題涉及學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格差異、語言多樣性和性別)”承接了上文所述內(nèi)容，具體闡明了這些核心問題所涉及的方面；故選項B符合語境；故選B項。七選五【江蘇省三名校（姜堰中學(xué)、沭陽中學(xué)、如東中學(xué)）2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月聯(lián)考】Whichismoreeffective,groupstudyingorstudyingalone?We’veallexperiencedgettingtogetherwithclassmatestostudyforanupcomingexamandspendingtheentiretimetalkingorjokingaround.Youleavethegroupwithoutaccomplishinganythingtogetyoureadyforyourexam.____36____.Thefollowingaresomebenefitsofstudyingalone.____37____Whenyoulockyourselfawayinyourroom,theretendtobelessdistractionsthanwhenyouarestudyinginagroup.Nobodyismovingaroundortalkingnearyou.Thereareliterallynodistractions,unlessyou’retheonewhofeelstheneedtocleaneverythingwhenyoustudy.PersonalstudyenvironmentEveryoneisdifferent,whichmeanseveryonelearnsdifferently.Youmayrequireclassicalmusic,acomfortableroom,andacupofteawhileyoustudy.Someoneelsemayrequirecompletesilence,andnosnacksatall.____38____Studyingalonealsoallowsyoutousethestudystrategiesthatarethemosteffectiveforyourlearningstyle.Somestudentslearnbestwithflashcards,whileotherslearnbestwhentheyrereadchapters.____39____PersonalizelearningcontentTheremaybesometopicsinclassthatyoureallyneedtoworkon.____40____.Besides,youcantailorlearningmethodsbystudyingalonewhilegroupstudyingcan’t.Morecrucially,youcanconsolidatethetopicsthataredifficulttoyouoverandover.A．Youcanlearnwhateveryoulike.B．Minimumdistractions.C．Thatiswhatyoucan’tachieveingroupstudying.D．Findyourlearningstyle,andyoucangetbetterresults.E．Onlywhenyoustudyalone,you’reabletofocusonexactlythosetopics.F．Soifyouaretheonewhocanbesodistracted,it’sstronglyrecommendedthatyoushouldstudyalone.G．Studyingaloneallowsyoutosettheperfectstudyenvironmentsoyougetthemostoutofstudying.【答案】36．F

37．B

38．G

39．D

40．E【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)的好處。36．根據(jù)上文“We’veallexperiencedgettingtogetherwithclassmatestostudyforanupcomingexamandspendingtheentiretimetalkingorjokingaround.Youleavethegroupwithoutaccomplishinganythingtogetyoureadyforyourexam.(我們都有過這樣的經(jīng)歷:和同學(xué)一起為即將到來的考試學(xué)習(xí)，整個時間都在聊天或開玩笑。你沒有完成任何準(zhǔn)備考試的事情就離開了小組。)”和下文“Thefollowingaresomebenefitsofstudyingalone.(以下是一些獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)的好處。)”可知，上文提到小組學(xué)習(xí)效率低，下文建議獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)，空處與上文形成因果關(guān)系，并引起下文。F項：Soifyouaretheonewhocanbesodistracted,it’sstronglyrecommendedthatyoushouldstudyalone.(所以，如果你是一個容易分心的人，強(qiáng)烈建議你應(yīng)該獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)。)符合語境。故選F。37．空處為段落小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Whenyoulockyourselfawayinyourroom,theretendtobelessdistractionsthanwhenyouarestudyinginagroup.Nobodyismovingaroundortalkingnearyou.(當(dāng)你把自己鎖在房間里的時候，往往會比你在一個小組里學(xué)習(xí)的時候更少分心。沒有人在你附近走動或說話。)”可知，本段主要說明把干擾因素降到最低，“l(fā)essdistractions”與B項對應(yīng)。B項：Minimumdistractions.(最低干擾。)符合語境。故選B。38．根據(jù)下文“Studyingalonealsoallowsyoutousethestudystrategiesthatarethemosteffectiveforyourlearningstyle.(獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)還可以讓你使用最有效的學(xué)習(xí)方式的學(xué)習(xí)策略。)”中的“also”可知，空處講的是獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)的好處。G項：Studyingaloneallowsyoutosettheperfectstudyenvironmentsoyougetthemostoutofstudying.(獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)可以給你一個完美的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，這樣你就能從學(xué)習(xí)中得到最大的收獲。)符合語境。故選G。39．根據(jù)上文“Somestudentslearnbestwithflashcards,whileotherslearnbestwhentheyrereadchapters.(一些學(xué)生用抽認(rèn)卡學(xué)習(xí)效果最好，而另一些學(xué)生通過重讀章節(jié)學(xué)習(xí)效果最好。)”可知，空處總結(jié)說明要找到適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格。D項：Findyourlearningstyle,andyoucangetbetterresults.(找到自己的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格，你就能取得更好的成績。)故選D。40．根據(jù)上文“Theremaybesometopicsinclassthatyoureallyneedtoworkon.(課堂上可能會有一些主題是你真正需要鉆研的。)”可知，空處承接上文，說明獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)時才能專注于那些主題，E項中“thosetopics”和上文中“sometopics”對應(yīng)。E項：Onlywhenyoustudyalone,you’reabletofocusonexactlythosetopics.(只有當(dāng)你獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)時，你才能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂谀切┲黝}。)符合語境。故選E。七選五【江蘇省南京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次月考】HowtoMakeaClassroomManagementPlanStudentsneedtofeelcomfortableandsafeinordertolearneffectively.Asaneducator,youneedtomanageyourclassroominsuchawaythatyoucreatethissortofenvironment.Aclassroommanagementplanisastrategyyoucreateandcarryout.____16____Itcanhelpyoudealwithnegativebehaviorsaswell.____17____Manyclassroommanagementplansbeginwiththeteacher’sphilosophyofmotivation.Basically,itlaysoutwhatyoubelieveabouteducationandhowstudentsshouldlearn.Youcantalkabouttheenvironmentyouwanttocreateandhowyouplantocreatethatenvironment,bothphysicallyandemotionally.Setthetoneonthefirstdayofclass.

Startbuildingrelationshipswithyourstudentsbybeingfriendlyandgettingtoknoweachother.____18____Sotheyknowinadvancehowyouexpectthemtobehave.____19____

Getyourstudents’parentsonboardbylayingoutyourbasicrules.Youcanalsotellthemaboutthesystemsofrewardsandconsequences.Thatway,parentsknowwhattoexpectthroughouttheyear.Settheexample.

____20____Forinstance,showyouarerespectfulofeachstudent’sideas.Itwillletthemknowtheycantrustyou.Beconsistent.

Probablythemostimportantpartofanyclassroommanagementplanisbeingconsistentwithhowyoucarryitout.Thatmeansenforcing（執(zhí)行）rulesevenwhenyoudon’twantto,askidswillcometounderstandthatyoumeanwhatyousayintheclassroom.A．Determineyourphilosophy.B．Understandeachchild’smotivation.C．Createaformletterforconsequences.D．Writealetterabouttheplantosendhome.E．Sharetherules,rewards,andconsequences.F．Itisimportantthatyoufollowtheclassroomrules,too.G．Itcanhelpyougetandmaintaincontroloftheclassroom.【答案】16．G

17．A

18．E

19．D

20．F【分析】本文是說明文。文章關(guān)于如何制定課堂管理計劃提出幾條建議。16．空前一句提到“Aclassroommanagementplanisastrategyyoucreateandcarryout.(課堂管理計劃是你制定并實(shí)施的策略。)”；空后一句提到“Itcanhelpyoudealwithnegativebehaviorsaswell.（它也可以幫助你應(yīng)對消極行為。）”；G項“Itcanhelpyougetandmaintaincontroloftheclassroom.（它可以幫助你保持對教室的控制。），其中“it”指代空前一句中的“aclassroommanagementplan”；“Itcanhelpyou…”與空后一句中“Itcanhelpy