第04講-定語從句-(外研版2019必修第一冊)(解析版)

第04講定語從句【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】區(qū)別關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的判定。掌握非限制性從句的用法?！净A(chǔ)知識】定語是什么？基本概念：

(1)定語從句：在主從復(fù)合句中用作定語的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊接在先行詞后面。

(2)先行詞：被定語從句修飾的成份。先行詞可以為一個(gè)詞，短語，或整個(gè)主句。

(3)關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞的作用：

A.引導(dǎo)定語從句，連接主句和從句，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)連詞；B.必在從句中作某個(gè)句子成份C,指代先行詞關(guān)系詞指代人或物定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞株P(guān)系代詞that人或物主語、賓語、表語which物或主句內(nèi)容主語、賓語who人主語或賓語whom人賓語whose人或物定語關(guān)系副詞when時(shí)間狀語where地點(diǎn)狀語why原因狀語定語從句三步曲：

第一找出先行詞；

第二找出定語從句第三看先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能（做主語、賓語或狀語）；結(jié)構(gòu)：名詞/代詞（先行詞）+關(guān)系代詞/副詞+定語從句【考點(diǎn)剖析】考點(diǎn)一：關(guān)系代詞考向1：關(guān)系代詞基本用法指人時(shí)可以用who，也可用that。Themanwho/thatlivesnexttousisapoliceman.Doyouknowthegirlwho/thatisinred?指物時(shí)可以用which，也可用that。Ilikemusicthat/whichIcandanceto.Whatdoyouthinkofthemoviethat/whichwasshownlastnight?活學(xué)活用：Ilovesingers.Singerswritetheirownsongs.改寫：who在從句中用作主語。Heistheman.Imetthemanyesterday.改寫：who在從句中用作賓語。Ilikemusic.Icandancetomusic.改寫：that在從句中用作賓語。Ipreferasandwich.Asandwichisreallydelicious.改寫：that在從句中用作主語。注意：1）that和who在句中做主語時(shí)不能省略，做賓語時(shí)可以省略。Ilikemusic(that)Icandanceto.Heistheman(who)Imetyesterday.2）定語從句中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致.Iprefermoviesthatarescary.Ilikeasandwichthatisreallydelicious.Ilovesingerswhoarebeautiful.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.Whose可以指人，也可以指物。whose在定語從句中作定語。Sheisabeautifulgirlwhosehairisbrown.Thereisadeskwhoselegsarebroken.難點(diǎn)：whose:屬格，在從句中作定語，可指人也可指物。“whose+名詞=the+名詞+ofwhich”。N1+whose+N2=N1,theN2ofwhich活學(xué)活用：Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouse_______roofisunderrepair.Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouse，theroof_______isunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.what

2、RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_______wasveryreasonable.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,and_______wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose關(guān)系代詞做賓語時(shí)可以省略。Ilikethebookthat/which/省略mymotherboughtyesterday.Doyouknowthegirlwho/whom/that/省略wetalkedaboutjustnow?5.先行詞是主句內(nèi)容或物，只能用as的情況。定語從句區(qū)別例句限制性定語從句中名詞前有such和thesame修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用as,不能用whichHeisnotsuchafoolashelooks.Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.非限制性定語從句中as和which都可以指代前面整個(gè)主句。如果有“正如，象”的含義，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放主句后，并無“正如”的意思。Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.Theywonthegame,whichwehadn’texpected.Asiswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.例1．【單句填空】用as\that\which填空。1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.考向2：關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法考點(diǎn)1：先行詞是人，只能用who,不能用that的情況。指人的不定代詞做先行詞時(shí)，只能用who.Weshouldhelpanyonewhoisinneed.非限制性定語從句中，逗號與指人的先行詞隔開的句子，只能用who.I’mLiHua,whoisstudyinginLondonduringthesummervacation.考點(diǎn)2：先行詞是物，只能用which，不能用that的情況。介詞+whichTherearetwochairsintheroom,bothofwhicharebroken.非限制性定語從句中，逗號與指物的先行詞隔開的句子，只能用whichTheywonthegame,whichwehadn’texpected.考點(diǎn)3：先行詞是人或物，只能用that，不能用which或who的情況。（1）先行詞被形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞及only、any、few、little、no、all、oneof等修飾時(shí)。1)Iwilltellhimallthatyoutoldmeattheball.2)Theonlythingthatwecoulddowastowait.3)ThefirstplacethatwevisitedwastheGreatWall.（2）先行詞為all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything,everything等不定代詞時(shí)。Thegirlhandedeverythingthatshehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.（3）先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)。Hewaslookingpleasantlyatthechildrenandbooksthatfilledhisbus.（4）先行詞在主句中作表語,關(guān)系詞在從句中作表語時(shí)。Thevillageisnolongertheonethatitwas5yearsago.（5）當(dāng)主句中含有疑問詞which時(shí)。Whicharethebooksthatyouboughtforme?考點(diǎn)二：關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why三個(gè)，在定語從句中一般作狀語。關(guān)系副詞的作用關(guān)系詞指代人或物定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞株P(guān)系副詞when時(shí)間狀語where地點(diǎn)狀語why原因狀語考點(diǎn)精講：考向1：關(guān)系副詞的基本用法when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.where在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。Thisistheplacewherehewasborn.why在定語從句中作原因狀語。Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.注意：關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞When=介詞+whichIstillremembertheday________________________Icametotheschoolforthefirsttime.我仍然記得我第一次來到這所學(xué)校的那一天Thetime_____________________________wegettogetherfinallyarrived.我們團(tuán)聚的時(shí)刻終于到了注意：Gonearethedayswhen...Why=for+whichThereasonwhy.....isthat....Pleasetellmethereason________________________youmissedyourflight.請告訴我你誤機(jī)的原因Thereason___________________________youwerepunishedisunknowntous.他受懲罰的原因我們都不知道Where=介詞+whichIsthistheplace________youvisited?Isthisplace___________youvisited?Isthistheplace_________youlived?A,whereB,whichC,theoneD,one考向2：關(guān)系副詞的特殊情況A.一些特殊詞之后的wherewhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.國家正處在隨時(shí)有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。難點(diǎn)：如果定語從句分別修飾point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”?；顚W(xué)活用：1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.A.whyB.whereC.howD./3.Greatchangesaretakingplaceinthecity______theylive.4.Thereason___________herefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.B.occasion“時(shí)機(jī)”作先行詞時(shí)，常用關(guān)系副詞when。occasion“場合”作先行詞時(shí)，常用關(guān)系副詞where。OccasionsarequiterarewhenIhavethetimetospendatimewithmykids.Pleasedescribeanoccasionwhereyoumetwithrealdifficulties.考向3.theway用做先行詞，并且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用inwhich/that/省略填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhichTheway______heansweredthequestionswassurprising.A,/B,whichC,thatD,inwhich考向4：關(guān)系副詞的選擇技巧：一斷，二找，三放先判斷句子是否是定語從句，若是，斷開主句從句部分。找先行詞指什么：人，物或其他。放先行詞于從句作什么成分，以判斷應(yīng)選關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。如果后面從句不完整，缺主語，賓語或定語時(shí)，就用關(guān)系代詞。如果后面從句是完整的，不缺主語，賓語或定語，作狀語時(shí)就用關(guān)系副詞。例2．【單句填空】Thereason__________hediditisnotclear.Thereason__________hegavetotheteacherisunbelievable.Iwillneverforgettheday_________Imet.Iwillneverforgettheday___________wespenttogether.考點(diǎn)三：非限制性從句判斷下面兩個(gè)句子是限制性定語從句還是非限制性定語從句。Ilostallthemoneyyoulentmeyesterday.Ilostallthemoney,withoutwhichIhadtowalkhome.例3．【單句填空】1.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,isnotgoodforthehealth.

2.ButSarah,hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.

3.MyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter.

【答案與解析】1.which分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,且從句中缺少主語,故填which。2.who先行詞是Sarah,從句中缺少主語,所以應(yīng)該用who。3.when由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以判斷空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,先行詞是表示時(shí)間的mid-1980s,從句中缺少狀語,因此填關(guān)系副詞when?？键c(diǎn)四：介詞+關(guān)系代詞which/whomThisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.Heloveshisparentsdeeply,allofwhomareverykindtohim.IV.介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的用法關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞的賓語時(shí)，可用介詞+關(guān)系代詞（whom/which）引導(dǎo)定語從句1.

Doyoulikethebook___________shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook___________shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook___________shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook______________sheoftentalks?5.

Hebuiltatelescope______________hecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,_____________standsourteacher.7.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest___________istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower_____________peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman____________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.11.Hegavemesomenovels___________Iamnotveryfamiliar.12.Istillremembertheday________IfirstgottoParis.答案：1.onwhich2.forwhich3.fromwhich4.aboutwhich5.throughwhichonwhich7.ofwhich8.onwhich9.towhom10.ofwhichwithwhich12.onwhich練習(xí)：1)Theplanein______weflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.A,whichB,whomC,thatThemanwith________youtalkedjustnowismyneighbor.A,whoB,whomC,that(3）Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy___wemayreturninthenearfuture.AonwhichBbywhichCtowhichDfromwhich(4）Bynineo'clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountainQomolangma._____appearedararerainbowsoon.AofwhichBonwhichCfromwhichDabovewhich總結(jié)：介詞的判定方法A.依據(jù)定語從句中動詞的某種習(xí)慣搭配Mr.Smithboughtanewhouseonwhichhespentallhismoney.B.依據(jù)先行詞的某種習(xí)慣搭配確定Therewasnowayinwhichitcouldbeboughtbacktotheearth.(inthisway)C.根據(jù)所表達(dá)的意思確定Thegaswithwhichdoctorscansavethepatientsiscalledoxygen.Thegaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.拓展：theway用做先行詞填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.高考題鏈接：3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.（04湖北）A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhichTheway______heansweredthequestionswassurprising.A,/B,whichC,thatD,inwhich【真題演練】定語從句專練1.IhadaconcertticketforashowthatIcouldn'tattendit.【答案】將attend后的it去掉【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我有一張演出的票，我不能去看。在定語從句中that已經(jīng)指代了show，所以不需要用it。故將it去掉。2.Seniorfamilymembers,especiallyparents,shouldcreateanatmosphere________childrencanbeencouragedtopourouttheirhearthappily.A.that B.where C.what D.which【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：家庭長輩，尤其是父母，應(yīng)該營造一種氛圍，鼓勵孩子們快樂地傾訴心聲。分析可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞atmosphere，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用where引導(dǎo)。故選B項(xiàng)。3.Learninganotherlanguageislikesteppingoutofadoor,______Icanlookbackandseemoreclearlymyownlanguage.A．Bywhich B．throughwhich C．which D．onwhich【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句和介詞辨析。句意：學(xué)習(xí)另外一種語言就好像跨出了一扇房門，通過它，我可以回顧并且更加清楚地明白自己的語言。分析可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，根據(jù)句意可知，通過這扇門，先行詞door做through“通過”的賓語，指物，用冠詞代詞which，by表示方式，on“在……上面”不符合句意，故選B。4.Youmaythinkofgivingupstudy,in____________casejustthinkitoverbeforemakingthedecision.A.that B.which C.whose D.where【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：你可能會考慮放棄學(xué)習(xí)，在那種情況下，好好想想再做決定。分析句子可知，此句為非限制性定語從句，此空位于介詞“in”后面，指代主句“Youmaythinkofgivingupstudy”，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞“which”。故選B項(xiàng)。5.________iswidelyaccepted,intheMiddleEastArabsgreeteachotherbytouchingnoses,butthisisnotapolitewayofgreetinginothercultures.A.As B.It C.Which D.What【答案】A【解析】考查as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。句意：在中東，阿拉伯人通過互摸鼻子來打招呼，這在其他文化中是不禮貌的。分析可知，________iswidelyaccepted在句中為定語從句，從句缺少主語，指代整個(gè)句子“intheMiddleEastArabsgreeteachotherbytouchingnoses”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，as和which都可以指代整個(gè)句子，在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句置于主句之后，as引導(dǎo)的從句則可以置于句首。故選A。6.Goforawalkinthecountryside,youcanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.A.when B.which C.where D.what【答案】C【解析】考查定語從句。句意：去鄉(xiāng)村散步，在那里你可以欣賞美麗風(fēng)景和寧靜的氣氛。分析句子可知，逗號后為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為thecountryside（地點(diǎn)名詞），關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。故選C項(xiàng)。7.Ithinkyou'vegottothepoint________achangeisneeded,otherwiseyou'llfail.A.when B.where C.that D.which【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我認(rèn)為你已經(jīng)到了需要改變的地步，否則你會失敗的。分析可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾的先行詞為地點(diǎn)名詞thepoint，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故選B項(xiàng)。8.Swimmingisgoodforteenagers,________someexpertssaywillhelpthemtostimulatetheirpotentialandpromotetheirbraindevelopment.A.which B.why C.Whom D.what【答案】A【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：游泳對青少年有好處，一些專家說，這將幫助他們激發(fā)潛能，促進(jìn)他們的大腦發(fā)展。分析句子成分可知，“________someexpertssaywillhelpthemto….”為非限制性定語從句，修飾整個(gè)主句“Swimmingisgoodforteenagers(游泳對青少年有好處)”，所設(shè)空處可譯為“這件事/這一點(diǎn)”，并在該句中充當(dāng)賓語從句中的主語，故應(yīng)用which，故選A。9.Salesdirectorisaposition________communicationabilityisjustasimportantassales.A.which B.where C.when D.why【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：銷售經(jīng)理是一個(gè)職位,在這個(gè)職位上,交流能力和銷售能力一樣重要。分析句子可知，本句為限制性定語從句，position為先行詞，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，關(guān)系副詞為where。故選B。10.Children,inmyopinion,____creativeabilityisunbelievablyrich,shouldbetrainedinthatarea.A.which B.what C.who D.whose【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。句意：在我看來，孩子們的創(chuàng)造能力豐富得令人難以置信，應(yīng)該在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。A.which先行詞是人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語；B.what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在從句中作主語或賓語；C.who先行詞是人，在從句中作主語或賓語；D.whose先行詞是人或物，在從句中作定語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合句意可知，“____creativeabilityisunbelievablyrich”在名詞Children后面作修飾成分，是非限制性定語從句，又因先行詞Children和creativeability之間是所屬關(guān)系，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，用whose引導(dǎo)該從句。故選D。11.Communicationtechnologyhasenteredthe5Gera,________willsurelybringgreatchangestoourlife.A.when B.what C.which D.where【答案】C【解析】考查定語從句。句意：通信技術(shù)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了5G時(shí)代，這必將給我們的生活帶來巨大的變化。此處為非限制性定語從句修飾上文整個(gè)句子，從句中缺少主語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故選C。12.Mymotheristhebusiestpersoninthefamily,whichalwayshasalotofhouseworktodo.【答案】which→who【解析】考查定語從句。句意同上。此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞mymother，指人，在定語從句中作主語，需用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故將which改為who。13.Ihaveapetcat,whichnameisLucky.Shehaswhitehairandtwobigeyes.【答案】which→whose【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我有一只寵物貓，名字叫Lucky。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句為定語從句，先行詞cat在從句中作名詞name的定語，故將which改為whose。14.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,________theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A.when B.whereC.that D.which【答案】A【解析】考查定語從句。句意：在音樂會兩部分之間有間隙時(shí)間，那個(gè)時(shí)候觀眾可以買冰激凌。此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞為interval(幕間休息)，連接詞在定語從句中做時(shí)間狀語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故選A。15.Inthedarkstreet,theywasn’tasingleperson,_______shecouldturnforhelp.A.towhom B.whom C.towhich D.which【答案】A【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：在黑暗的街道上，沒有一個(gè)人是她可以求助的。分析可知，“_______shecouldturnforhelp”應(yīng)是之前名詞“asingleperson”的非限制性定語從句，將先行詞還原，從句應(yīng)是：shecouldturntoasinglepersonforhelp，其中，turntosb.forhelp，固定短語，“向某人求助”，因此先行詞在從句中作to的賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whom，從句中缺少固定短語介詞“to”，可將其放置whom前，構(gòu)成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)從句，即towhom。故選A項(xiàng)。16.Weliveinthissocietynow__________actuallysomeoneisalwayshelping.A.when B.where C.that D.what【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們現(xiàn)在生活的社會里，總有人在幫忙。分析題意，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句從句部分缺狀語，故此處的關(guān)系詞應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞。定語從句的先行詞為“society”，表示地點(diǎn)，故用關(guān)系副詞where。故選B項(xiàng)。17.Wewillalwaysrememberthemoment_______myclassmateLiChongcrossedthefinishline.A.when B.where C.that D.whose【答案】A【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們將永遠(yuǎn)記得我的同學(xué)李沖沖過終點(diǎn)線的那一刻。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞moment，且先行詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故選A。18."Thethirstforknowledgeisthestrongest__________thereisabarrier,"saysthepresidentoftheltalianUnionoftheBlind．A.which B.where C.since D.unless【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：意大利盲人聯(lián)盟的總統(tǒng)說:“在有障礙的地方，對知識的渴望是最強(qiáng)的?！狈治鼍渥涌芍骶鋞hestrongest后省略了place，并且__________thereisabarrier為定語從句，修飾先行詞place，關(guān)系詞在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用where。故選B。19.Betweenthetwohalvesofthefootballgameisa15-minutebreak,__________theaudiencecanhavearest．A.when B.where C.which D.that【答案】A【解析】考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：足球比賽兩半場之間有15分鐘的休息時(shí)間，觀眾可以休息。分析句子可知__________theaudiencecanhavearest為非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞break，關(guān)系詞在從句中做時(shí)間狀語，用when。故選A。20.Aftergraduatingfromcollege，Itooksometimeofftogotravelling，______turnedouttobeawisedecision.A.that B.whichC.when D.where【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：大學(xué)畢業(yè)之后，我花了些時(shí)間去旅游，結(jié)果證明是明智的選擇。句中which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，指代前面一件事，在從句中做主語，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。故選B。21.Ican’thelpbutrememberthepreciouschild______smilehasbroughtmecountlesshoursofjoythroughouttheyears.A.whose B.who C.whom D.ofwhich【答案】A【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我不禁想起那個(gè)可愛的孩子，多年來，她/他的微笑給我?guī)砹撕芏鄽g樂。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是child，關(guān)系詞代替它在從句中充當(dāng)smile的定語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。故選A。22.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet

lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.that B.whereC.which D.whose【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：StephenHawking認(rèn)為地球不可能是生命逐漸發(fā)展的唯一星球。分析句子可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是theonlyplanet，定語從句缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，用where引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選B。23.Therewasalongwaitatthereceptiondesk,______everyonewascheckingin.A.why B.which C.whom D.where【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。句意：接待處前排起了常常的隊(duì)伍，每個(gè)人都在登記。分析句子的可知，thereceptiondesk為先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以關(guān)系副詞為where。故選D項(xiàng)。24.The2020ChinaInternationalFairforTradeinservices,______themeis“GlobalServices,SharedProsperity”,attractedworldwideattention.A.its B.whose C.which D.where【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：以“全球服務(wù)，共享繁榮”為主題的2020年中國國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易博覽會吸引了全世界的關(guān)注。分析句子可知，兩個(gè)逗號之間為定語從句，先行詞為名詞短語The2020ChinaInternationalFairforTradeinservices，空格處應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose修飾名詞theme，引導(dǎo)從句，意為“某人或某物的”此處指“洽談會的（主題）”作定語。故選B項(xiàng)。25.Self-driving

is

an

area

_______China

and

the

rest

of

the

world

are

on

the

same

startingline.A.that B.whereC.which D.when【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：無人駕駛是一個(gè)中國和世界其它國家都在同一起跑線的領(lǐng)域。句中先行詞為area，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where，相當(dāng)于inwhich。故選B?！具^關(guān)檢測】1.PrinceWilliamtookavisittotheForbiddenCityonMarch2,emperorsoncelived.

2.Wehavealivingroom,twobedroomswithwonderfulbalconiesandakitchen,mymomalwayscooksgreatdeliciousfood.

3.Lookingatthespotthebirdhadrisen,Isawtwoeggs.

4.Theheart-warmingstorybeganinSeptemberlastyearawomanaskedtheprimaryschoolinherneighborhoodtoaccepthersix-year-oldson.

5.Waterrafting,courageplaysanimportantrole,isabreathtakingoutdoorsport.

6.Heworkedinacarfactoryforfouryears,afterhefoundedhisowncompanyinhishometown.

7.Iftheearthispoisoned,thewater,thefoodandtheanimalswillbepoisoned,meansthatwewhopoisontheearthwillbepoisonedtoo.

8.There,lyinginthemuddyriverbedwasalittledogabouttwomonthsold,frontlegsweretightlytiedwithropes.

9.Thestadiumisverysplendidandattractiveinappearance,maybeimagined.

10.Nowtheirtalkshavereachedakeystageonesidemustgiveintotheother.

11.Hewrotealongletterheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.

12.WearehopingforsupportfromMrWebster,withoutsupportwecan’tmakeit.

13.SomeoftheteachersatthecollegeaskedDrNaismithtoinventagamecanbeplayedindoors.

14.SierraLeoneisacountrybasichealthfacilitiesarelackingandmanypeoplearestrugglingwithpoverty.

15.Thosemotorcycles,ahugeumbrellaisfixed,areahugethreattopeoplewalkinginthestreet.

16.I’msorrynottohaverepliedtoyourletterearlier,for,Imustsay,Iapologize.

17.Almosteveryteenagerwillexperienceaperiodintheirlifetheyaren’tcontentwiththeirparents.

18.Oncetherelivedarichmanwantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.

19.We’vereachedtheNullaborPlainstretchesfor1,000kmandiscompletelyflat.

20.Withoutthinkingtoomuchaboutit,IwenttotheStudentAffairsOffice,IknewIcouldfindclothesinthe“LostandFound”box.

【答案與解析】1.wheretheForbiddenCity是先行詞,空格處在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故填where。2.where先行詞為kitchen,空格處在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故填where。3.where先行詞為spot,空格處在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故填where。4.when先行詞為September,空格處在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語,故填when。5.where此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。從句中缺少狀語,用where表示模糊的地點(diǎn)概念。6.which分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,逗號后是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句,關(guān)系代詞跟在介詞后面充當(dāng)賓語,故用which。7.which關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語,故用which。8.whose先行詞為dog,將先行詞代入定語從句后為“Thelittledogsfrontlegsweretightlytiedwithropes.”。由此可見在從句中frontlegs缺少定語,故用whose。9.as本題考查的是as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,此時(shí)as指代的是整個(gè)主句,在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語,意思是“正如……”。10.where先行詞是stage,從句是完整的句子,先行詞表示模糊的地點(diǎn)概念,在從句中作狀語,故用where引導(dǎo)。11.where先行詞是letter,從句意思完整,不缺少成分,所以此處填關(guān)系副詞where,表示“在信中”。12.whose先行詞是MrWebster,作support的定語,所以用whose。13.that/which先行詞為game,關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語,且指物,故用that或which引導(dǎo)。14.where先行詞為country,關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故答案為where。15.where先行詞為motorcycles,關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故用where引導(dǎo),表示“在摩托車上”。16.which從句中Imustsay為插入語,可忽略不計(jì)。分析定語從句可知,關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞for的賓語,故答案為which。17.when先行詞為period,將先行詞代入從句后為“Theyarentcontentwiththeirparentsinaperiod.”。由此可見,關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語,故答案為when。18.who根據(jù)設(shè)空處前后的結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知,空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾man,由于先行詞指人且從句缺少主語,故用who。19.which/that分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處后面的句子是NullaborPlain的定語,所填詞引導(dǎo)該從句并在從句中作主語,先行詞表示物,故用which或that。20.where分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾表示地點(diǎn)的theStudentAffairsOffice,從句缺少地點(diǎn)狀語,故填where。語法填空InChina,fooddeliverymenarealwaysinarushbetweentrafficregardlessofwindorrain.