中考英語總復(fù)習語法知識第3節(jié)代詞課件

中考語法知識第三節(jié)代詞廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(※語法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點2020年2021年2022年2023年人稱代詞—※it

★him★it★it物主代詞※her

★their—※her※his反身代詞————指示代詞————廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(※語法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點2020年2021年2022年2023年命題趨向從近4年的考查情況來看，代詞是每年必考的一個語法點，其中物主代詞、人稱代詞和反身代詞尤為突出。因此2024年考生備考時需注意人稱代詞、反身代詞和指示代詞等高頻考點。

中考說明近4年英語中考對代詞的考查主要集中在語法選擇和短文填空兩大題型上。知識點主要有人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞以及不定代詞，

其中人稱代詞和物主代詞被考查的次數(shù)最多，

需要重點掌握?？键c一：人稱代詞人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱用法單復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey作主語賓格meusyouyouhimheritthem作賓語【針對練習】(

)1．LilywillarriveinChangchuntomorrow.Let’shaveapartyfor________.A．she B．herC．hers D．herselfB

(

)2．Themovietells________thatloveisthemostexpensivepresentintheworld.A．we B．usC．our D．ours(

)3．Goodbooksarelikewisefriends,because________supportyoutowalkforwardandhelpyouunderstandtheworld.A．they B．theirC．them D．themselvesB

A

(

)4．—Rose,couldyoupleasewatertheflowersinthegarden?—Why________?Yousee,mybrotherislisteningtomusic.A．me B．IC．mine D．myA

(

)5．—Arethesestampsyours,Dave?—Oh,no.Tomalsolikescollectingstamps.Theymightbelongto________.A．he B．himC．his D．himselfB

考點二：物主代詞人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱用法單復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性myouryouryourhisheritstheir只能作定語，

修飾后面的名詞名詞性mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs相當于“形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞”，作主語或賓語等【針對練習】(

)1．—It’sraininghardoutside,butIcan’tfind________umbrella.CanIshare________?—Sure.A．mine;your B．my;yourC．my;yours D．mine;yoursC

(

)2．Jessicausedtobeamanagerinacompany,butshegaveup________jobwhenshebecameamother.A．she B．hersC．her D．herself(

)3．Lucy’sstrawberriesarefresherthan________.A．I B．meC．my D．mineC

D

4．(2023營口，73)ApartfromWuyiMountain’stea,theplaceisalsoknownfor______bambooweaving(編織)tradition.5．(2023吉林，32)Heeventestedherbsonhimselfandnearlylost______lifemanytimes.its

his

考點三：反身代詞反身代詞的分類及用法見下表：人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)反身代詞myselfourse-lvesyour-selfyour-selveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves用法必須與被指代的人在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，

意思是“本人；親自”作賓語Hersisteristooyoungtodressherself.作主語同位語Hehimselfisalwaysmakingsuchmistakes.作賓語同位語You’dbetteraskyourwifeherself.【針對練習】(

)1．Somepeoplehavethehabitoftalkingto________whentheyarealone.A．them B．theyC．their D．themselvesD

(

)2．Promisetokeepthesecretto________,orIwon’ttellyouaboutit.A．you B．yourC．yourself D．yours(

)3．Don’tbeworriedabouther.Sheisoldenoughtotakecareof________.A．herself B．herC．hers D．sheC

A

(

)4．Lastmonth,Iwenttothecomputermuseumwithmyparents.Weenjoyed________andlearnedalot.A．us B．ourselvesC．our D．ours(

)5．Nowadays,Icanchooseonlinecoursesandstudyby________.A．I B．meC．my D．myselfB

D

考點四：指示代詞this,that,these,those的用法見下表：指示代詞及用法例句this/these一般用來指時間或空間上較近的人或物；that/those一般用來指時間或空間上較遠的人或物Thisisapenandthatisapencil.Thesearemybooksandthosearehis.指示代詞及用法例句指示代詞作主語時可指物也可指人，

但作其他句子成分時只能指物，

不能指人Thatismyteacher.Iboughtthisbook.this/these常指后面要講到的事物，

有啟下的作用；that/those有承上的作用，

指前面剛剛提過的事WhatIwanttotellyouisthis：themeetingisputofftillFriday.(啟下)Wehavenotimetodoit.That’shisjob.(承上)指示代詞及用法例句that和those可用來代替前面提過的名詞，

避免重復(fù)，

尤其在比較狀語從句中ThestudentsofClassOnearebetterthanthoseofClassTwo.除了用作代詞外，this和that都可用作副詞，

與形容詞或副詞連用，

意為“這么；

那么”，相當于soIsitthishoteveryday？【針對練習】(

)1．Theparkisnowbecomingmoreandmorepopularwith________whowanttoseemonkeys.A．those B．theseC．this D．thatA

(

)2．Thereweresomanypeopleinthehall.________mademequitenervous.A．These B．ThisC．Those D．That(

)3．—Look!What’s________inthesky?—Itlookslikeakite.A．this B．thatC．those D．theseB

B

考點五：不定代詞不定代詞分為普通不定代詞和復(fù)合不定代詞。一、

普通不定代詞(一)普通不定代詞有some,any,none,few,little,many,much,either,neither,each,every,both,all,none,other等。用法區(qū)別如下：不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句both表示“兩者都”，對兩者的肯定，作主語時，

謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)①both…and…②bothof＋名詞/代詞的復(fù)數(shù)neither表示“兩者都不”，對兩者的否定，

連接兩個主語時，

謂語動詞與離它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致①neither…nor…②neitherof＋名詞/代詞的復(fù)數(shù)＋謂語動詞(第三人稱單數(shù))不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句either表示“兩者之一”，是對兩者之一的肯定，

連接兩個主語時，

謂語動詞與離它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致①either…or…②eitherof＋名詞/代詞的復(fù)數(shù)＋謂語動詞(第三人稱單數(shù))不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句all表示三者或三者以上“都”，可以與of連用，of后為名詞時，of可以省略，

但是如果of后面為代詞賓格時，of不可以省略All(of)thestudentsvisitedthemuseumlastSaturday.none表示三者或三者以上“都不”，none既可指人也可指物，

常暗示一定范圍，

因此通常與表范圍的of短語連用Noneofthatmoneyonthetableismine.Noneofusenjoy/enjoysgettingupearly.不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句noone(＝nobody)只能指人，

不能與of短語連用Noone(＝Nobody)knowsaboutit.many修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)many＝alarge/greatnumberofmuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞much＝agreat/gooddealof不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句afew，fewafew表示肯定，few表示否定，修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)afew＝somebutnotmany;few＝nearlynoalittle＝somebutnotmuch;little＝nearlynothingonly,even,quite,just等詞可與afew,alittle連用，

而不和few,little連用。alittle，littlealittle表示肯定，little表示否定，修飾不可數(shù)名詞不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句some修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。多用于肯定句中；也可以用于表示說話人希望得到肯定的回答或表達請求、建議的疑問句中Motherboughtsomeapplesinthesupermarket.Wouldyoulikesomebananas?any多用于疑問句、否定句或條件從句中，還可用來修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)，

表示“任何一個”或“隨便哪一個”Isthereanywaterintheglass?Tomistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.【針對練習】(

)1．(2023遼寧，2)Itriedtobuythedictionaryintwobookstores,but________ofthemhadit.A．both B．a(chǎn)llC．neither D．noneC

(

)2．(2023徐州，7)________othernursesinthehospitalhaveworkedherelongerthanHelen;onlyLucyandMarystartedworkingherebeforeher.A．All B．MostC．Some D．FewD

(

)3．—There’refourbedroomsinthehouse,________withitsownshower.—That’swhatIwant.I’vegotafewkids.A．either B．neitherC．each D．noneC

(

)4．—Ihavetwosoccerballs.Whataboutyou?—Oh,Idon’thave________.A．some B．a(chǎn)nyC．many D．muchB

(

)5．—Thereisnosaltleft.Jim,couldyougotothestoretoget________?—OK,Mom!A．some B．oneC．it D．a(chǎn)nyA

(

)6．Thetwinslookexactlythesame.________ofthemareinmyclass.A．Each B．BothC．Either D．NoneB

(

)7．—Whichwouldyoulike,acupoftea,acupofcoffeeoraglassofmilk?—________.IthinkI’lljusthaveaglassofwater.A．Both B．NeitherC．None D．EitherC

(

)8．—CanyouspeakChinese,Steve?—Yes,only________.IhavebeeninChinaforonlyonemonth.A．few B．a(chǎn)fewC．little D．a(chǎn)littleD

(二)another,other,theother,others,theothers的用法與區(qū)別，

見下表：不定代詞用法例句another泛指三個或三個以上的人或物中不定數(shù)目的“另一個”Idon’tlikethisone.Pleaseshowmeanother.不定代詞用法例句another作形容詞，

表示“另一個的”Thereisanotherwayofdealingwiththeproblem.用于“another＋few＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”中，

相當于“some＋other/more＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，表示“再；又”I’mstayingforanotherfewweeks.不定代詞用法例句other可作形容詞或代詞，

作形容詞時，

表示“另外的”Doyouhaveanyotherquestions?WestudyChinese,math,Englishandotherlessons.不定代詞用法例句theother特指兩者中的“另一個”或兩部分中的“另一部分”Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,andtheotherisaworker.Therearesixstudentsintheclassroom.Fouraregirls,andtheothertwoareboys.后面可加單數(shù)名詞，

也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，

此時的other作形容詞Ontheothersideofthestreet,thereisatalltree.Maryismuchtallerthantheothergirls.不定代詞用法例句others泛指“其他人”或“其他物”，是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，

在句中可作主語、賓語Someofuslikesinginganddancing,andothersgoinforsports.theothers指整體中除去一部分后，

剩余的全部，是theother的復(fù)數(shù)形式Twoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.Ofthesixpeople,onewenthome,andtheotherswenttothecinema.【針對練習】(

)1．Communityserviceworkershelp________andmakeeveryonefeelbetter.A．a(chǎn)nother B．otherC．others D．theotherC

(

)2．There’retwospecialdaysforparentsinAmerica.OneisMother’sDay,and________isFather’sDay.A．theother B．a(chǎn)notherC．other D．others(

)3．Ofthethreereadingrooms,oneisnear,but_______twoarefarfromhere.A．other B．theothersC．theother D．a(chǎn)notherA

C

(

)4．Idon’tlikethissmallbag.Wouldyoupleaseshowme________?A．theother B．otherC．a(chǎn)nother D．othersC

(

)5．—Couldweseeeachotherat9o’clocktomorrowmorning?—Sorry,let’smakeit________time.A．a(chǎn)nother B．otherC．theother D．othersA

(三)one,ones,theone,theones,those,that,it等的用法不定代詞用法例句one用來替代前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞，

表示泛指，

相當于“a/an＋單數(shù)名詞”—Whohasapen?—Ihaveone.ones用來替代前面出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，

也表示泛指Ipreferredrosestowhiteones.不定代詞用法例句theone用來替代前面的特指的單數(shù)名詞，

有時可用that替代(尤其在有后置定語的情況下)Yourdictionaryismoreusefulthanthat/theone(＝thedictionary)myunclegaveme.不定代詞用法例句theones用來替代前面的特指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，

有時可用those替代(尤其在有后置定語的情況下)Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theones(＝thebooks)underthedesk.those用來代替前面提過的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，

避免重復(fù)，

尤其在比較狀語從句中Thestudentsinourclassaremuchclevererthanthose(＝thestudents)intheirclass.不定代詞用法例句that用來替代前面出現(xiàn)的特指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或特指的不可數(shù)名詞，

相當于“the＋單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthanthatinthecity.it替代“the＋單數(shù)名詞”，

指前面提到的“同一”事物Thebookismine.It’sveryinteresting.【針對練習】(

)1．Manypeople’seffortmade________possibletohavethegreatsportsmeetinginGuiyang.A．it B．thisC．that D．thoseA

(

)2．—Oh,youwantapen?—OK.I’llget________foryou.A．theone B．oneC．them D．those(

)3．Yourhometownisreallynice!Theairqualityisasgoodas________ofSanya.A．it B．oneC．that D．theoneB

C

二、復(fù)合不定代詞常見的復(fù)合不定代詞的分類及用法如下表：分類用法例句指人somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everyone,everybody(1)后接else時，

表示“另外的；其他的”—Wouldyoulikesomethingelsetodrink?—Yes,I’dlikeaglassofmilk.(2)形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing等時，

應(yīng)置于這些復(fù)合不定代詞之后Idon’twanttowatchthisfilm.Thereisnothinginterestinginit.分類用法例句指物something,nothing,anything,everything(1)不與of連用，

但every,anyone可與of連用Anyoneoftheboyscanswim.(2)作主語時，

謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)Everyoneknowsthis,doesn’the/don’tthey?Everythingisready,isn’tit？【針對練習】(

)1．(2023宿遷，8)—Sandyiswellorganized.—Exactly.________inherroomisingoodorder.A．Something B．EverythingC．Nothing D．NoneB

(

)2．(2023營口，5)Damingishappytodaybecausehehelped________lookforasetofkeysonhiswayhome.A．nobody B．a(chǎn)nybodyC．somebody D．everybody(

)3．Thereis________wrongwithTom’sleg.Weshouldsendhimtohospitalatonce.A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．everything D．nothingC

A

(

)4．—Isthere________elseintheclassroom?—Itisempty.________islisteningtoaspeechintheschoolhall.A．a(chǎn)nyone;Anyone B．a(chǎn)nyone;EveryoneC．everyone;Anyone D．everyone;EveryoneB

(

)5．—Didyoudo________speciallastmonth?—Yes,Ihadawonderfulparty.A．something B．a(chǎn)nythingC．nothing D．everything(

)6．—Morning,class.Is________heretoday?—No,sir.Tomisabsent.Heisillathome.A．a(chǎn)nybody B．everybodyC．nobody D．somebodyB

B

考點六：疑問代詞疑問代詞主要用法例句who主語、表語、賓語(作賓語時不能位于介詞后)Who/Whomareyoutalkingto?Whowantstogowithme？whomwho的賓格形式，

作賓語Towhomareyoutalking？whosewho的所有格形式，

作定語Whosebookisthis？疑問代詞主要用法例句what/whowhat可用于詢問某人的職業(yè)、事物或人的姓名等—WhatisSusan？/What’sSusan’sjob？/WhatdoesSusando?—She’sadesigner.What’sthetimenow？who詢問某人的身份、姓名—Whoistheboyunderthetree?—HeisLiMing.疑問代詞主要用法例句what/whichwhat指不定數(shù)目中的“哪一個；哪一些；什么”，

沒有一定范圍的限定Whatwouldyoulike？which“哪一個”，

指在一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物Whichseasondoyoulikebetter,springorsummer？【針對練習】(

)1．—________doyouusuallysharehappinesswith?—Myparentsandmybestfriend.A．Who B．WhoseC．What D．HowA

(

)2．—________T-shirtisthis?—Ithinkit’sTom’s.A．Whose B．WhichC．What D．Who(

)3．—________isthisbasketball?—Perhapsit’sourEnglishteacher’s.Helikessports.A．Where B．WhoseC．How D．WhichA

B

(

)4．—________isyourfather?Doeshestillworkasanengineer?—Yes,hehasbeenanengineerforthirtyye