2025屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習與測試專題二閱讀七選五第二講根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系解題課件

第二講根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系解題[題型分析]每篇文章都是一個有機統(tǒng)一的整體，各部分之間存在著一定的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。從邏輯意義上來看，句子之間常常有并列、遞進、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、例證、總分、補充、解釋、對比等關(guān)系，有時甚至包含不止一種關(guān)系。因此，理解閱讀七選五的閱讀材料時一定要把握文章脈絡(luò)，弄清其中的邏輯關(guān)系。如果文中或選項中出現(xiàn)了邏輯關(guān)系詞，考生就可以利用其來進行推理判斷；如果文中或選項中未出現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系詞，這就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根據(jù)上下文語境弄清文章內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，并做出正確的判斷。[技法點撥]例證關(guān)系[典例1](2023·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37.______________________________________________________Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof.B．Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.A．Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B．Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C．Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D．It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E．Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat'shappenedorforgetit.F．Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G．Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.[解析]空前提到“Personalstrengths.”，空后列出了哪些是個人優(yōu)點，是具體的例證。所以，空處應(yīng)承上啟下，符合邏輯。因果關(guān)系[典例2](2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk：dictionaryandthesaurus(同義詞詞典).Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.37.__________________________________Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConcise

Oxford

DictionaryandtheCollins

Thesaurus.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E．Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F．Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G．Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.[解析]根據(jù)上文中的“Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.”可知，空處應(yīng)談及不信任筆記本拼寫檢查程序的原因，與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。遞進關(guān)系[典例3](2024·全國甲卷)Controlemotional(情緒的)eating.39._____________________________________Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.Butbylearninghealthierwaystomanageemotions,youcanregaincontroloverthefoodyoueatandyourfeelings.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C．Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D．Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E．Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F．Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G．Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.[解析]

根據(jù)下文中的“Manyofusalso...boredom.”，尤其是also可知，空處也應(yīng)與人們吃東西的目的有關(guān)。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系[典例4](2024·全國甲卷)Whatismoderation(適度)?Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.36.______________________________________________________________Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.F.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C．Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D．Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E．Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F．Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G．Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.[解析]

根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容對適度的解釋以及空后的But可知，空后表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此空處應(yīng)承接上文，對適度進行進一步解釋，且與空后內(nèi)容形成轉(zhuǎn)折。補充關(guān)系[典例5](2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionary

of

the

English

Languagepublishedin1755.“Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work，”wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof“dull”.40.________________________________________Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E．Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F．Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G．Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.[解析]

根據(jù)下文中的“Afewminutes...canbearewardingexperience.”可知，該句是對空處內(nèi)容的補充說明，故空處應(yīng)說明閱讀字典是一種樂趣。Test1

(2024·梅州一模)We‘realltoldtimeandagainhowimportantitistoexerciseforgoodhealth.Butwithourbusyschedules,findingthetimetoworkoutisofteneasiersaidthandone.1._________________________

__________________________________1．E

根據(jù)空前一句可推知，因為平時工作繁忙，所以大多數(shù)人只有周末有時間鍛煉。E項符合語境。體裁主題語境難度說明文運動對健康的重要性★★★☆☆

E．Formanyofus,theweekendistheonlytimetoexercise.

UKexerciseguidelinessuggestthatadultsshoulddoatleast150minutesofexerciseaweekforgoodhealth.2.________________________________________Itisaboutwhetherornotyoucanstillgetthebenefitsofexerciseifyousqueeze(擠出)itallinonaweekendinsteadofspreadingitthroughouttheweek.2．A

根據(jù)空后一句可知，每周運動時間是分散還是集中的問題具有爭議性。A項符合語境。A．Butdebateisgrowingaroundtheissue.

Arecentstudyfoundthatweekendexercisershada30%lowerriskofprematuredeathfromallcausescomparedtoinactivepeople.Riskofdeathfromheartdiseasewasalsoaround40%lower,whileriskofdeathfromalltypesofcancerwasaround18%lowercomparedtothosewhowereinactive.Buttheyalsofoundthatspreadingyourworkoutsthroughouttheweekwasassociatedwiththegreatestbenefitsforyourhealth.3._________________________________________________Thatis,theyhada5%lowerriskofprematuredeathfromanycausecomparedtoweekendexercisers.3．C

空前一句提到，在一周中分散鍛煉對你的健康有最大的好處；空后一句提到，與周末鍛煉者相比，他們因任何原因過早死亡的風險降低了5%。由此可知，有規(guī)律的分散鍛煉對健康更好。C項符合語境。C．Regularlyactivepeoplehadthebesthealthoverall.4._______________________________________________Itsuggeststhemoreexerciseyoudo,themorebeneficialitistoyourhealth.Butthisisonlytrueuptoacertainpoint—withresearchshowingthatdoingmorethanfivetimestheminimumrecommendedweeklyactivityhasnoaddedbenefits.4．B

根據(jù)上文和空后一句“Itsuggeststhemoreexerciseyoudo,themorebeneficialitistoyourhealth.”可知，運動越多越健康，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)與之前的研究相一致。B項符合語境。B．Thisfindingisconsistentwithpreviousresearch.

It'swell-knownthatexerciseimprovesourheartfitness.Thisallowsustoexerciselongerandmoreintensely.5.________________________________________________________________________________Thisisalsolikelythereasonwhypeoplewhoexerciseregularlyhavelowerriskofprematuredeathfromanycause.5．G

上文說運動可以改善我們的心臟健康，這可以讓我們鍛煉得更久、更激烈。這是在陳述運動的好處。G項符合語境。

G．Also,itimprovesotheraspectsofourhealthlikeloweringbloodpressure.

Butresearchshowsthathowoftenyouexerciseisalsoimportantforimprovingandmaintainingfitness.Regularexercisewillleadtoadaptationsthataregoodforhealth.A．Butdebateisgrowingaroundtheissue.B．Thisfindingisconsistentwithpreviousresearch.C．Regularlyactivepeoplehadthebesthealthoverall.D．Mostpeoplefindithardtodoexerciseattheweekend.E．Formanyofus,theweekendistheonlytimetoexercise.F．However,itmaycauseseriousdiseases,suchasheartattacks.G．Also,itimprovesotheraspectsofourhealthlikeloweringbloodpressure.【語篇解讀】文章介紹了運動對健康的重要性。Test2

(2024·邯鄲二模)BenefitsofForestBathing

Forestbathingmeansspendingtimeinnaturetopromotephysicalandmentalhealth.Inrecentyears,forestbathinghasgainedpopularityaroundtheworld.Thispracticeencouragespeopletoconnectwithnaturebytakingslowwalks,engaginginactivitiessuchasyogaormeditation,andembracingthepresentmoment.1.________________________________

_________________________________________________________．1．G

根據(jù)空前一句及下文可知，文章介紹的是森林浴的好處。G項引出下文，符合語境。體裁主題語境難度說明文森林浴的好處★★★☆☆

G．Herearethebenefitsofforestbathingthatyoucanstartgainingtoday

Aidinreducingstress

Forestbathingcanhelpreducestress.Connectingwithnaturedecreasescortisol(皮質(zhì)醇)levels,thehormone(激素)responsibleforfeelingsofstress.2.____________________________________________

____________________________！

Evenbeforeyouphysicallyentertheforest,justimaginingstayingtherecanpositivelyaffectyourcortisollevels.2．F

根據(jù)空前一句可知，在大自然中可以減少壓力，從而更放松。F項符合語境。

F．Sothemoretimeyouspendinnature,themorerelaxedyouwillbe

Anaturalmoodenhancer

Ifyouwanttoelevateyourmood,takeatriptotheforest.Aforestbathingtripcaneaseyourmoodsignificantly.3.

____________________

_________________________________.Forestsarealsoassociatedwithcalmingeffectsonthemindandbody.3．C

根據(jù)空處前后句可知，森林浴可以起到緩解情緒和鎮(zhèn)靜身心的作用，空處應(yīng)繼續(xù)介紹森林浴的好處。C項符合語境。

C．Itcanhelpreduceyouranxiety,depression,andtiredness

4．__________________________________

It'snosecretthatnatureplaysavitalroleinhumanlife,andthetwoarestronglyconnected.Innaturalenvironments,plantsandtreesreleasesomespecialoils,whichcanprotectplantsfromgerms.Theyalsohavemanyhumanhealthbenefits.Inadditiontoenhancingm