2025屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習與測試專題一閱讀理解第一講細節(jié)理解題-定位信息找答案課件

專題一閱讀理解[研高考·辨考向]年份卷名體裁題目類型細節(jié)理解題推斷判斷題主旨大意題詞句猜測題2024新高考全國卷Ⅰ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；議論文；說明文9411新高考全國卷Ⅱ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；說明文；書評7611年份卷名體裁題目類型細節(jié)理解題推斷判斷題主旨大意題詞句猜測題2023新高考全國卷Ⅰ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；說明文；議論文6711新高考全國卷Ⅱ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；說明文；說明文8511年份卷名體裁題目類型細節(jié)理解題推斷判斷題主旨大意題詞句猜測題2022新高考全國卷Ⅰ應(yīng)用文；議論文；新聞報道；說明文6711新高考全國卷Ⅱ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；說明文；說明文8412[抓規(guī)律·找依據(jù)]第一講細節(jié)理解題——定位信息找答案一、題型特點需了解PART01第一部分[題型分析]細節(jié)理解題考查理解具體信息，在閱讀總題量中占比較大，是最重要的得分點。細節(jié)理解題的命題方法很多，如可能是對某個細節(jié)用同義結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換后進行考查，也可能是將文章中的幾個細節(jié)放在一起要求學生判斷是非或?qū)讉€細節(jié)進行排序等。主要考查直接細節(jié)題、間接細節(jié)題、數(shù)字計算題等?？疾榉绞届`活，常見的設(shè)問形式有：1．特殊疑問句形式，常以when、where、what、which、who、how等疑問詞開頭引出問題；2．填空題形式，通常涉及與主題有關(guān)的事實或細節(jié)；3．數(shù)字詢問，就文中的數(shù)字進行提問。[選項特征]

1．正確選項特征同義替換與原文關(guān)鍵信息相同含義的不同表達信息歸納對分散或復(fù)雜的信息進行概括或比較正話反說把原文中的意思反過來表達原文原詞利用原文原詞作為正確選項

2.干擾選項特征張冠李戴是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容無中生有符合常識，但不是文章的內(nèi)容曲解文意極其相似但是細節(jié)處與原文有出入顛倒是非在意思上與原文大相徑庭或者完全相反正誤參半部分正確，部分錯誤二、方法技巧要知曉PART02第二部分題型一直接細節(jié)題直接細節(jié)題主要針對文中涉及的某個具體事物、人物、時間、地點、原因、結(jié)果等提問。[典例1]

(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ閱讀A片段)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING

Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.22．WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．5.

B．10.C．15. D．18.√[解析]第一步：閱讀題干，找出關(guān)鍵詞theloweragelimit。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位到原文中的“Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.”，可知加入生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊的最低年齡是10歲。第三步：比對選項得出答案。技法點撥：題型二間接細節(jié)題間接細節(jié)題是直接信息的轉(zhuǎn)述、原文信息的間接表達、直接信息背后隱含內(nèi)容的表達。[典例2]

(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ閱讀A片段)

We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.

Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.

Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.23．Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A．Bringtheirowntools.B．Workeveninbadweather.C．Wearateamuniform.D．Doatleastthreeprojects.√[解析]第一步：閱讀題干，找出關(guān)鍵詞arethevolunteersexpectedtodo。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位到原文中的“We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.”通過語義轉(zhuǎn)換可知，志愿者甚至會在惡劣天氣下工作。第三步：比對選項得出答案。技法點撥：題型三數(shù)字計算題此類試題要求考生對具體細節(jié)信息，尤其是對相關(guān)的時間、數(shù)量等數(shù)字和信息進行分析和理解，利用加、減、乘、除等運算方法進行計算，但此類試題重點不在于計算，而在于考查考生對具體細節(jié)信息的處理能力，因此考生在解題時必須找出計算背后所隱含的信息。[典例3]

(2023·新高考全國卷Ⅰ閱讀A片段)Prices√[解析]第一步：閱讀題干，找出關(guān)鍵詞abikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文定價表第二列最后兩行，由表格可知，租一輛帶手剎和三檔的自行車一天需要14.75歐元，每加一天需要8歐元。所以租一輛帶手剎和三檔的自行車兩天需要14.75＋8＝22.75歐元。第三步：比對選項得出答案。技法點撥：課堂新體驗PART03第三部分A

(2024·泰安二模)Shrek'sAdventure!

Shrek'sAdventure!isaone-of-a-kindindoor“walk-and-ride”touristattractioninLondoninspiredbythehitDreamWorksfilmsShrek,Shrek2,andShrek

the

Third.ItallowschildrentocomefacetofacewithShrek,Fiona,Donkey,andmanyothers.體裁主題語境難度應(yīng)用文室內(nèi)旅游景點★★☆☆☆

Shrek'sAdventure!hastenfunnyshowsfeaturingclassicsets,likeShrek'sswamp(沼澤地),frommanyShrekfilms,abreathtaking4Dridewithspecialeffects,andmostimportantly,atourwherekidscanhelpbreakthecodeandsaveShreksohegetsbacktohisbelovedswampsafely.

Activities·Goingaboardthemagical4DDreamWorksToursbus(withDonkeyactingasthetourguide).·LearninghowtobeaVikingofBerk.·CookingupamagicspellattheMuffinMan'shouse.

BasicRules·Allchildrenundertheageof15mustbeaccompaniedbyanadultatalltimes.·Allbagsandcoatsmustbebroughtwithyouduringthetour.·Allvisitorsmustarrivewithinthetimeonyourbookingconfirmationandyoumustbringaprintedversionofthebookingwithyouduringyourvisit.Ifyoudonotarrivewithinyourreservedarrivaltime,youmayhavetowaituntilthenextavailableshowtime.

TicketCosts·￡27(atthedoor)or￡18.90(online)forpeopleaged16andover.·￡21.85(atthedoor)or￡15.30(online)forchildrenaged3to15.·Childrenundertheageofthreecangetinforfree.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了倫敦獨一無二的室內(nèi)旅游景點——史瑞克冒險樂園。1．WhatcanchildrendoinShrek'sAdventure??？A．Learntocookameal.B．WatchtheDreamWorksfilmShrek.C．HelpShrekreturntohisswamp.D．Actastheguideonthetourbus.C

直接細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“andmostimportantly,atourwherekidscanhelp...Shreksohegetsbacktohisbelovedswampsafely”可知，在史瑞克冒險樂園，孩子們可以幫助史瑞克安全回到他心愛的沼澤?！?．Whatwillyoudoifyoumissthereservedshowtime?A．Enjoythenextavailableshow.B．Showtheprintedtickets.C．Bookanothershowonline.D．Getinimmediately.A

直接細節(jié)題。根據(jù)BasicRules部分中的“Ifyoudonotarrive...waituntilthenextavailableshowtime.”可知，如果錯過了預(yù)定時間，可以欣賞下一場可以觀看的演出?！?．Howmuchwillacoupleandtheir6-year-oldsonpayiftheybookonline?A．￡37.80.

B．￡53.10.C．￡34.20. D．￡75.85.B

數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)TicketCosts部分中的“￡27(atthedoor)or￡18.90(online)forpeopleaged16andover.”及“￡21.85(atthedoor)or￡15.30(online)forchildrenaged3to15.”可知，在網(wǎng)上購買一對夫婦和一個六歲的男孩的票應(yīng)該付18.9×2＋15.3＝53.10英鎊?！藼

(2024·潮州二模)WhenIwasaboutsixyearsold,mymother

camehomeonedayandfoundthatIhadcollectedhalfadozen

babiesoftheneighbourhood—allofthemtooyoungtowalk—andhadthemsittingbeforemeonthefloorwhileIwasteachingthemtowavetheirarms.Whensheaskedtheexplanationofthis,體裁主題語境難度夾敘夾議文培養(yǎng)孩子的天賦★★★☆☆I(lǐng)informedherthatitwasmyschoolofdance.Shewasamused,andplacingherselfatthepiano.Shebegantoplayforme.Thisschoolcontinuedandbecameverypopular.Lateron,littlegirlsoftheneighbourhoodcameandtheirparentspaidmeasmallsumtoteachthem.Thiswasthebeginningofwhatafterwardsprovedaveryprofitableoccupation.

Mymothertookmetoafamousballetteacher,buthislessonsdidnotpleaseme.Whentheteachertoldmetostandonmytoes(腳趾)Iaskedhimwhy,andwhenhereplied“Becauseitisbeautiful.”IsaidthatitwasuglyandagainstnatureandafterthethirdlessonIlefthisclass,nevertoreturn.Thisstiff(僵硬的)andcommonplacegymnasticswhichhecalleddancingonlydisturbedmydream.Idreamedofadifferentdance.Ididnotknowjustwhatitwouldbe,butIwasfeelingouttowardsaninvisibleworldintowhichIguessedImightenterifIfoundthekey.

MyartwasalreadyinmewhenIwasalittlegirl,anditwasowingtotheheroicandadventurousspiritofmymotherthatitwasnotprevented.Ibelievethatwhateverthechildisgoingtodoinlifeshouldbebegunwhenitisveryyoung.Iwonderhowmanyparentsrealizethatbytheso-callededucationtheyaregivingtheirchildren,theyareonlydrivingthemintothecommonplace,andtakingawayfromthemanychanceofdoinganythingbeautifulororiginal.【語篇解讀】本文通過作者小時候?qū)W習舞蹈的經(jīng)歷，以及媽媽對她的支持和理解，告訴父母們應(yīng)該發(fā)現(xiàn)并培養(yǎng)孩子的天賦，而不是用所謂的教育把孩子推向平凡。4．Whatwasthewriterdoingwhenhermothercamehomeoneday?A．Teachingsomebabiestodance.B．Directingsomebabiestowalk.C．Gettingsomebabiestogether.D．Makingsomebabiessitstill.A

直接細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“mymothercamehome...Iinformedherthatitwasmyschoolofdance”可知，媽媽回家時作者正在教一些小孩跳舞?！?．Howdidthewriterfindtheballet?A．Oldandunpopular.B．Uglyandunnatural.C．Gracefulandoriginal.D．Dreamlikeandgymnastic.B

直接細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Isaidthatitwasuglyandagainstnature