蘭州市2022高考英語閱讀理解和短文改錯自練(10)及答案

【由內(nèi)蒙古包頭市201模擬改編】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A,B,C和D)中，選出最佳選項。AsIgrewolder,mydadand1grewfurtherapart.Wealwayshadtotallydifferentopinions.Hethoughtthatcollegewasawasteoftime,butformeitwasimportanttofinishcollege.Hewantedmetoworkmywaytothetopashehaddoneinhisfield，butIwantedadifferentlife.Therewasatimewhenwedidnottalkwitheachother.Afewmonthsago,Iheardthatmy84-year-olddadwasinpoorhealth.WhenhecalledandaskedwhetherIcouldmovefromColoradobanktoTennesseetohelphim,Iknewhewasseriouslyill.Iamhisonlychildandsoitwastimetomeetmyfather'Twoweeksaftermovingback，weboughtaboatandstartedfishingagain.Fishingwasoneofthefewthingsthatwedidwhile1wasyoungandthatwebothenjoyed.Itisstrangebuttruethataswearefishingweareabletoputthingsthathavekeptusapartforsomanyyearsbehindus.Weareabletotalkaboutthingsthatwehavenevertalkedaboutbefore.Fishinghasheenhealingtheoldwoundsthathavekeptusapart.Itisnotimportanthowmanyfishwecatch.Itisaboutenjoyingtherelationshipthatwehavenothadforyears.I'm62andheis84.Whenweareonthelakefishing,itislikeenjoyinglife.Itisfarbettertofindawaytoputtheunhappypastbehind.Iamsoluckytospendthehappytimewithmyfatherinhislastyears.Nowmyheartisfilledwithlove.Asmilealwaysgracesmylips.1.TheauthorandhisfatherbecamefurtherapartbecauseA.theylivedveryfarfromeachotherB.theyseldomwentseeeachotherC.theyonlycommunnicatedbyphoneD.theyhaddifferentviewsonthings2.WhydidtheauthorcamebacktoTennessee?A.Becausehisfatherinvitedhimtgga$shire.B.Becausehedecidedtoliveinadifferentcity.C.Becausehisfatherwasillandneededcaring.D.Becauseheregrettedbeingrudetohisfather.3.Fortheauthor,fishingwithhisoldfatherA.helpcurehisfather’sdiseaseB.makeshimrealizetheimportanceofrelaxationC.isagoodwaytogetclosetonatureD.providesachanceforthemtocommunicate4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleforthetext?A.FishingBringsUsTogetherB.ForgivingIsDifficultC.MemoriesofOldDaysD.MyBelovedFather【參考答案】1--4、DCDD閱讀理解。PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultythanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressions—andanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy.RachaelJack,UniversityofGlasgowresearcher,saidthatratherthanscanningevenly(均勻的)acrossafaceasWesternersdo,Easternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes."WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions,"Jacksaid."Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect(忽視)themouth."AccordingtoJackandhercolleagues,thediscoveryshowsthathumancommunicationofemotionismorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresult,facialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincross-culturalsituations.Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesof.expressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies.ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthandidWesterners."Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthattheyshowisprobablyareflectionofculturaldifferenceinfacialexpressions,"Jacksaid."OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotion,Easternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless."Inshort,thedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereon,examininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunderstandingofhumanemotion.Otherwise,whenitcomestocommunicatingemotionsacrosscultures,EasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation.()1.ThediscoveryshowsthatWesterners.A.payequalattentiontotheeyesandthemouthB.considerfacialexpressionsuniversallyreliableC.observetheeyesandthemouthindifferentwaysD.havemoredifficultyinrecognizingfacialexpressions ()2.Whatwerethepeopleaskedtodointhestudy?A.Tomakeafaceateachother. B.Togettheirfacesimpressive.C.Toclassifysomefacepictures. D.Toobservetheresearchers'faces.()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph6referto?A.Theparticipantsinthestudy.B.Theresearchersofthestudy.C.Theerrorsmadeduringthestudy.D.Thedatacollectedfromthestudy.()4.IncomparisonwithWesterners,Easternersarelikelyto.A.dotranslationmoresuccessfullyB.studythemouthmorefrequentlyC.examinetheeyesmoreattentivelyD.readfacialexpressionsmorecorrectly ()5.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEyeastheWindowtotheSoulB.CulturalDifferencesinReadingEmotionsC.EffectiveMethodstoDevelopSocialSkillsD.HowtoIncreaseCross-culturalUnderstanding 【語篇解讀】本文為科普說明文。主要介紹了最新的科學爭辯發(fā)覺：東方人比西方人更難于讀懂他人的面部表情。1.答案：A考點：細節(jié)理解題解析：依據(jù)第三段“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect(忽視)themouth.”可以得出答案2.答案：C考點：細節(jié)理解題解析：依據(jù)第五段“…byrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesof.expressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.”可以推斷選C3.答案：A考點：詞義猜想解析：依據(jù)定語從句“thattheyshow”所修飾的eyemovements在爭辯中為theparticipants所作（從theeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeople”可知）可推斷選A4.答案：C考點：細節(jié)理解題解析：依據(jù)第六段“ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthandidWesterners.”可推斷選C5.答案：B考點：主旨大意題解析：文章首先指出科學爭辯的最新發(fā)覺：東方人比西方人更難于讀懂人的面部表情。之后更具體地介紹爭辯的結構及其爭辯過程，最終得出結論：文化差異豐富了理解情感的基本社會技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不盡相同。由此推斷最佳標題應為B。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。體裁：記敘文話題：學校生活時間：6分鐘Wouldyouwantadoctorwhogothighmarksinmedicalschooljustfortryinghard?Apparentlymanycollegestudentswouldhavenoproblemwiththat.Theybelievestudentsareowedagoodgradesimplybecausetheyputalotofeffortintoaclass.Theresearchersaskedover800undergraduatesiftheyagreedordisagreedwithsomestatements.Forexample：“IfIhavecompletedmostofthereadingforaclass，IdeserveaBinthatcourse.”“AprofessorshouldnotbeannoyedwithmeifIreceiveanimportantcallduringclass.”Just16%thoughtitwasOKtotakethatphonecall.But66%agreedthataprofessorshouldconsidereffortandnotjustthequalityofastudent'sworkwhendecidinggrades.And40%thoughttheyshouldgetaB，thesecondhighestmark，justbecausetheydidmostofthereadingforclass.Someexpertsaren'tsurprisedthatstudentsoftenseenodifferencebetweeneffortandresults.Socialcriticsliketosaythatinchildren'sactivitiesthesedays，everyonegetsanawardjustfortrying，sonoonewillfeelrejected.Yetcompetitiontogetintothebestcollegesisfiercerthanever.Studentsmayworrythatlowgradeswillkeepthemoutofgraduateschooloragoodjob.Andtheremaybeanotherexplanation:pressurefromparentstogetagoodreturnonthefamily'sinvestment.Thesedays,collegecancostmorethanahouse.AformerteachingassistantrecentlywrotetoTheNewYorkTimesabouthisexperiencewithgradeexpectations.Hewouldtrytoexplainitthiswaywhenstudentsaskedforatopgradejustforstudyinghardinchemistryclass.Whatifabaseballplayercametospringtrainingandworkedharderthanalltheothers，butstillcouldnotplaywell?Wouldtheteamaccepthimanyway，justbecausehetriedsohard?Thestudentswouldsayno.ButmostofthemwouldstillaskforanA.【語篇導讀】很多高校生認為只要他們努力學習，就應當?shù)玫礁叩姆謹?shù)，但是專家認為，努力和結果不能等同。1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A．Whetherstudentsdeservehighmarksjustfortryinghard.B．Whetherstudentsareallowedtoanswercallsinclass.C．Howstudentscangetagoodgradeinthecourse.D．Whystudentsputalotofeffortsintheirstudies.解析主旨大意題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是第一段中的“Theybelievestudentsareowedagoodgradesimplybecausetheyputalotofeffortintoaclass.”可知，文章主要爭辯的是“付出努力是否應當?shù)玫礁叻帧薄４鸢窤2．Accordingtotheresearch，mostofthestudents______.A．thoughtitwasallrighttoanswerthecallduringclassB．objectedtodecidinggradesonlybythequalityofastudent'sworkC．thoughttheydidmostoftheworkforclassandshouldgetaBD．a(chǎn)greedthattheyshouldbegiventopgradesbecauseoftheirhardwork解析細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的其次句“But66%agreedthataprofessorshouldconsidereffortandnotjustthequalityofastudent'sworkwhendecidinggrades.”可知，大多數(shù)的同學不同意教授只依據(jù)功課的質(zhì)量來打算分數(shù)。答案B3．Fromthesixthparagraphwecanlearnthat______.A．itcostsmuchmoretobuildacollegethantobuyahouseB．thecostsofstudyingatcollegearemuchmorethanstayingathomeC．thecostsofsendingachildtocollegearemuchmorethanbuyingahouseD．itisdifficultforparentstosendachildtocollege解析細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段中的“Thesedays，collegecancostmorethanahouse.”可知，如今供孩子上高校的費用比買房的費用還高。答案C4．Whatdoestheformerassistantwanttotellstudentswiththeexampleofthebaseballplayer?A．Effortcanleadtogoodresults.B．Effortisverynecessary.C．Effortandresultsarequitedifferent.D．Nogoodresults，effortisunnecessary.解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Wouldtheteamaccepthimanyway，justbecausehetriedsohard？”的反問來看，他想讓同學知道“努力不等于好結果”。答案C1.短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。OnceamangotonabusforNewYork.Hehidherselfinthetoilet，becausehedidnotwanttopay.Butthepassengersawhim.Shetappedthepersoninfrontofherontheshoulderandsay，“There'sabum(流浪漢)inthetoilet.Tellthebusdriver.”Themessagewaspassfrompersontoperson.Butanywherealongtheway，ittoldthattherewasabombinthetoilet.Heimmediatestoppedbusandtelephonedthepolice.Whenthepolicecame，theytoldthepassengerstogetoffthebusorstayfaraway.Thentheyclosedthehighway，whichresultedfromatrafficjam.Thepolicesearchedforseveralhour.Ofcoursetheyfoundnobombatall！【參考答案】1.其次句herself改為himself第三句the改為a第四句say改為said第五句pass改為passed第六句anywhere改為somewhere第七句told前加was第八句immediate改為immediately第九句or改為and第十句from改為in第十一句hour改為hours2.短文改錯以下標有題號的每一行均有一個錯誤，請找出，并按下列狀況改正：此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。LiHuaisaseniorthreestudentwhodevotehimselftohis1.lessonseveryday.LastSaturday,asusual,hewenttoseveralcourses.Intheevening,hestudiesathomeuntildeepinto2.thenight.Hewastoosleepyandtiredthathecouldn’twork3.effectively.InSundaymorning,LiHuawasabouttostudy4.whenhisfathercameupandadvisedhimtohaveabreak.Soontheyhadgoodidea.Theyboughtakitewhichthey5.likeditverymuchandthenthefamilywenttothesuburbs6.whereLiHuaenjoyedhimselfflythekite.Thefamilyhada7.picnictogetherbutfeltveryrelaxedintheopenair.On8.Monday,LiHuawasenergeticandactivelyinclass.He9.saiditwasonlywhyhehadabetterweekend.10.【參考答案】2.1.devote---devotes2.studies---studied3.toosleepy---sosleepy4.InSunday---OnSunday5.hadgood---hadagood6.likedit---去掉it7.fly---flying8.but---and9.actively---active10.why---because3.短文改錯短文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加﹑刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（∧），并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用（﹨）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下面劃一橫線，并在該詞的下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。 Mysummertravelstartedterribly.