云南省楚雄州2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷

云南省楚雄州2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、第一部分，閱讀，第一節(jié)，閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀理解Successfulwildlifeconservationgoeshandinhandwithcommunityeducationandengagement.Volunteersworkwithcommunityleadersandschoolstosharetheirpassionforconservationandtheenvironment.RhinoConservationinZimbabweTheprojectishometoaninternationallyrenownedBlackRhinoBreedingandReleaseProgrammewhichhassupportedZimbabwe'srhinopopulationsincethemid1980s.Todate,20rhinoshavebeenbornattheconservancy,with12rhinossuccessfullyreleasedbackintothewild.Volunteersplayaroleinsecuringthefutureofthisonce-againendangeredanimal,workingalongsideanti-poachingrangers(反偷獵護(hù)林員),workingonrhinoresearchprojectsandgettinginvolvedinthedailycareofbothblackandwhiterhino.OurRhinoConservationProgrammeisauniquehands-onopportunitytogetbehindthescenesandexperienceday-to-daylifeonaprivateconservancy,andbeinvolvedwiththeprotectionandconservationofZimbabwe'sendangeredblackrhino.Theaimoftheprogrammeistoassistthereserve'sestablishedBlackRhinoBreedingandReleaseProgramme,collectmeaningfuldataandinformationrelatingtorhinoandwildlifeconservationandanimalbehaviour,andengagewiththelocalcommunityaboutwildlifeconservation.Cheetah(獵豹)ConservationIn2021,twocaptive-bornmalecheetahwereintroducedtotheconservancyaspartofaninternationalrewildingprogramme.Thecheetaharenowfree-wanderinginthereserve,andvolunteersplayanimportantroleinmonitoringandobservingtheirbehaviour,trackingtheirmovementsandrecordingtheirhuntingrate.VolunteerWorkVolunteerscontributetoalong-termconservationprojectandgetinvolvedwithavarietyofconservationactivities:·Workalongsiderhinos,cheetahandelephants·Conservancymanagement·Wildlifemonitoring·Anti-poachingpatrolsandsnaresweeps·Educateschool-childrenaboutconservation,wildlifeandtheenvironment·Learnaboutwhatisinvolvedinrunningaconservancy1．WhatcanwesayaboutBlackRhinoBreedingandReleaseProgramme?A．Itsworkpaysoff. B．ItislimitedtoZimbabwe.C．Itishometotwocheetah. D．Ithasahistoryof50years.2．Whatshouldberecordedaboutthecheetah?A．Theirbirthrate. B．Theirhuntingrate.C．Theirareaofactivity. D．Theirsleepschedule.3．Whoarelikelytoapplyforthevolunteerwork?A．ThosewholiveoutsideZimbabwe. B．Thosewhoprefertoworkathome.C．Thosewholikeengagingwithanimals. D．Thosewhowouldliketomakeafortune.閱讀理解WhentrashsculptorStephanieHongomeetsfriendsfordrinksordinner,it'snotunusualforoneofthemtohandhershoppingbagsfulloflids,emptysoapbottles,andevenaBarbielegortwo.Bynow,she'susedtoneighbors,friendsandevenstrangersgivinghertheirrecyclablerejects.ButHongodoesn'tneedanymoregarbage.Shehasalargecollectionofherownathome."Youdon'tneedtobeatrashpickertodothis,"shesays."Trashiseverywhere."AndforHongo,wherethereistrash,thereisart.Since2017,Hongohascraftedcomplexseacreatures,realistic-lookingjungleanimalsandothercreaturesoutofeverythingfromplasticforkstoplastictubingaswellasahairdryer,apurse,atoothbrush,andevenahairstraightener.Startingwithherfirstpiece—abluedeernamedYandoothatshefashionedoutofoddsandendslayingaroundherflat,whichshescrewedtogetherandspraypaintedinamakeshiftbasementartstudio—she'sgoneontocreatemorethan160trashsculptures."Ifeelveryfortunate,"saysHongo,wholovesmakingalivingasanartist."Icareaboutourenvironment.Theupcyclingaspectofitisalovelybyproduct."Thoughshedoesn'tconsiderherselfatrueeco-artist,shehopesshe'sinspiringotherstoreuseitemsthatusuallyendupinlandfills.Butforher,shesays,"Theartcomesfirst."Beforestartingeachproject,Hongofiguresoutexactlywhatpiecesofscrap(廢舊的)metal,tubingandplasticsshe'llneedtotransformthepileofjunkonherworktableintosomethingfantastic,likeamajesticoctopus(章魚)rocketingthroughthecoraloracutekoalahuggingatree.Sinceherfunkycreationssellonlineatpricesstartingat$400,she'sbeenfortunateenoughtomaketrashsculptingherfull-timecareer."It'ssomuchmorethanIeverexpected,"shesays.4．WhydoesHongosay"Youdon'tneedtobeatrashpickertodothis"?A．Becauseitishardtopicktrash. B．Becausethereistrasheverywhere.C．Becauseherfriendsgiveherenough. D．Becauseshehasalargecollectionoftrash.5．WhatdoesHongoexpectotherstolearnfromherartform?A．Toenjoyart. B．Tocollecttrash.C．Totrashsculptures. D．Torecyclewaste.6．WhatdoesHongodobeforestartingeachproject?A．Findenoughfantasticshapestocopy. B．Putawaythethingsonherworks.C．Makeoutwhatmaterialssuitherworks. D．Figureoutwhatherpileofjunkismadeof.7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHongo?A．Creativeandinspiring. B．Diligentandpractical.C．Helpfulandgenerous. D．Humorousanddetermined.閱讀理解Withafragrance(芳香)throughthebedroomsofolderadultsfortwohourseverynightforsixmonths,memoriesskyrocketed.ParticipantsinthisstudybyUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine(UCI)neuroscientistsgaineda226%increaseincognitivecapacitycomparedtothecontrolgroup.Theresearcherssaythefindingtransformsthelong-knowntiebetweensmellandmemoryintoaneasy,non-invasivetechniqueforstrengtheningmemoryandpotentiallypreventingdementia(癡呆).TheprojectwasconductedthroughtheUCICenterfortheNeurobiologyofLearning&Memory.Itinvolvedmenandwomenaged60to85withoutmemoryimpairment.Allweregivensevensmallcontainers,eachcontainingasingleanddifferentnaturaloil.Peopleintheenrichedgroupreceivedfull-strengthoils.Controlgroupparticipantsweregiventheoilsintinyamounts.Participantsputadifferentcontainerintotheirroomeacheveningpriortogoingtobed,anditactivatedfortwohoursastheyslept.Peopleintheenrichedgroupshoweda226%increaseincognitiveperformancecomparedtothecontrolgroup,asmeasuredbyawordlisttestcommonlyusedtoevaluatememory.Participantsalsoreportedsleepingmoresoundly.Theresearcherssaytheresultsfromtheirstudybearoutwhatscientistslearnedabouttheconnectionbetweensmellandmemory.Scientistshavelongknownthatthelossofabilitytosmell,canpredictdevelopmentofnearly70neurologicalandpsychiatricdiseases.TheseincludeAlzheimer'sandotherdementias,Parkinson'sandalcoholism.Researchershavepreviouslyfoundthatexposingpeoplewithmoderatedementiatoupto40differentsmellstwiceadayoveraperiodoftimeimprovedtheirmemoriesandlanguageskills,easeddepressionandimprovedtheirsenseofsmell.Theteamwouldnextliketostudythetechnique'simpactonpeoplewithdiagnosedcognitiveloss.Aproductbasedontheirstudyanddesignedforpeopletouseathomeisexpectedtocomeontothemarketthisfall.8．Whatfieldmaythefindingsbeappliedto?A．Controllingsleep. B．Exploringsmells.C．Developingskills. D．Promotingmemory.9．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Researchresults. B．Researchprocess.C．Researchmethods. D．Researchpurpose.10．Howdidresearchersassesstheperformanceoftheparticipants?A．Bygivingtheparticipantsatest. B．Byscanningtheparticipants'brain.C．Byobservingtheparticipants'actions. D．Byaskingabouttheparticipants'feeling.11．Whatwilltheresearchersfocusoninfuture?A．Developingasmellproduct. B．Theimpactofcognitiveloss.C．Applicationofresearchresults. D．Doingmarketresearchfortheirproduct.閱讀理解Researchershaveproposedanovelmethodforcountingandtrackingvehiclesonpublicroads,adevelopmentthatcouldimprovecurrenttrafficsystemsandhelptravelersgettotheirdestinationsfaster.UsingthecamerasalreadyinstalledoncampusbusesattheOhioStateUniversity,researchersprovedthattheycouldautomaticallyandaccuratelymeasurecountsofvehiclesonurbanroadways,detectobjectsintheroadanddistinguishparkedvehiclesfromthosethataremoving.Inpreviousstudies,OhioStateresearchersfoundthatusingthesemobilecamerasprovidesmuchbetterspatialandtemporal(時(shí)間的)coveragethanrelyingonoftentemporarilyplacedsensorsthatdon'tprovideaviewofmanystreetsandroadsinacity."Ifwecollectandprocessmorehigh-resolution(高清的)spatialinformationaboutwhat'shappeningontheroads,thenplannerscouldbetterunderstandchangesindemand,effectivelyimprovingefficiencyinthebroadertransportationsystem,"saidKeithRedmill,leadauthorofthestudy."Ifwecanmeasuretrafficinawaythatisasgoodorbetterthanwhatisconventionallydonewithfixedsensors,thenwewillhavecreatedsomethingincrediblyusefulextremelycheaply,"hesaid."Ourgoalistostartbuildingasystemthatcoulddothiswithoutmuchmanualinterventionbecauseifyouwanttocollectthisinformationoverlotsofpotentialvehiclesandlotsoftime,it'sworthfullyautomatingthatprocess."Whilestillalongwayfromtotalimplementation(實(shí)施),thestudysuggeststhesystem'sresultsbearpromiseforthefutureofintelligenttrafficsurveillance.Transportationplanners,engineersandoperatorsmakevitaldecisionsaboutthefutureofourroadways,sowhendesigningtransportationsystemstoworkoverthenext30to50years,it'snecessarythatwegivethemdatathatallowsthemtoimprovetheefficiencyofthesystemandthelevelofserviceprovidedtotravelers.12．Howcancamerasonbusesbenefittravelers?A．Byshorteningtheirtraveltime. B．Bymakingtheirschedulestight.C．Bydecreasingtheirtransportcost. D．Byimprovingtheirsafetyawareness.13．Whatcanweknowaboutthesensorsplacedonbuses?A．Theyprovidemorespatialcoverage. B．Theycan'tdetectobjectsintheroad.C．Theycoverlessviewoftheurbantraffic. D．Theyaccuratelyrecordtheflowoftraffic.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"surveillance"inparagraph6mean?A．Operation. B．Arrangement. C．Protection. D．Monitoring.15．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TransportationautomationisonitswayB．ItistimetoimprovetheefficiencyoftrafficsystemC．CamerasinstalledonbusescanbettermeasuretrafficD．Transportationplannersusecamerastomakepolicies二、第二部分，閱讀，第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Yourguidetoano-spendchallengeAno-spendchallengeisn'tabouttotaldeprivation(剝奪)orfreezingyourbankaccount.16．.Themostcommonformofthechallengeistopurchaseonlynecessitiesandrestrainfrombuyingwantsandimpulsedesires.AssessingandprioritisingneedsBeforedelving(深入探究)intotheno-spendchallenge,takethetimetoassessanddifferentiateyouressentialneedsfromyourwants.Identifyrecurringbills,necessaryexpendituresandessentialitems.Distinguishthemfromfreespendingonnon-essentialproductsandservices.Thisinitialsteplaysthefoundationforarealisticandsustainablechallenge.17．.CreatingarealisticbudgetAsuccessfulno-spendchallengeisrootedinthedevelopmentofawell-craftedbudgetthatreflectsyourfinancialreality.18．.Allocatespecificamountsforvariableexpensessuchasgroceriesandbills,enhancingaccountabilityandprovidingaclearroadmapforresponsiblespendingduringthechallenge.Supportsystem19．.Afirmsupportsystemthatunderstandsandrespectsyourfinancialgoalscreatesapositiveenvironment,fosteringmotivationandsolidarity.Sharetips,experiencesandcelebratemilestonestogether,turningthechallengeintoasharedjourneytowardsfinancialconsciousness.20．Asyourchallengeconcludes,takeenoughtimetoreflectontheentireexperience.Whatinsightsdidyougainintoyourspendinghabitsandpriorities?Identifypositivechangesyouwanttomaintainandintegratethemintoyourlong-termfinancialstrategy.Theno-spendchallengeisnotmerelyatemporaryexercise;itservesasacatalystforenduringfinancialwellness.Embracethejourney,learnfromtheexperienceandwatchasyourfinancialgoalstransformintorealities.A.Establishinglong-termhabitsB.Understandingtheno-spendchallengeC.ItensuresthatcrucialaspectsofyourliferemainunaffectedD.Beginbyoutliningyourincome,fixedexpensesandanyupcomingfinancialgoalsE.Shareyourcommitmentwithfriendsandfamily,encouragingthemtosupportyoureffortF.Theno-spendchallengeservesasanopportunemomenttocultivatemindfulspendinghabitsG.Itrepresentsaconsciousdecisiontoredirectyourfinancialfocusandcontrolyourspendinghabits三、第二部分，語言運(yùn)用，第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwasonmywaytogotoajobinterviewwhenIwasstoppedbyOfficerJenkins.WhenI21．,bothofthebrakelightswentout.ThinkingthatIwasstoppedfora(n)22．trafficcheck,Ireachedformydrivinglicenseandregistration.Iwasevenreadyfora(n)23．.Ashe24．thecarandsawIwaspullingoutmystuff,he25．said,"Don'tworryaboutpullinganythingout.Ijustwantyoutobe26．thatyourbrakelightsareout."Iwasimmediately27．becauseIhadjustgotthemreplacedlastmonth.Iexplainedtohimhowthegaragemechanicwantedto28．me$600justtorunatestonthewiringofthecar.Helookedatmewitha29．a(chǎn)ndtoldmetopopthetrunk.Withasimpletaphereandatapthere,Jenkinsmanagedtogetthebrakelights30．a(chǎn)gain.Iwasmovedbyhis31．.Hecouldhaveeasilygivenmeaticket,buthesteppedoutof32．roleandintomechanicroletomakesureIwasstraight.Hisactionremindedmeoftheprofoundimpacta33．a(chǎn)ctofkindnesscanhave.It'sacalltorecognizethosewhogothe34．mile,whodomorethanwhat's35．ofthem.21．A．pushedforward B．pulledoverC．counteddown D．chokedup22．A．routine B．legal C．criminal D．urgent23．A．quarrel B．eruption C．ticket D．excuse24．A．tackled B．suspended C．inspected D．a(chǎn)pproached25．A．immediately B．a(chǎn)wfully C．subsequently D．deliberately26．A．informed B．a(chǎn)ware C．inferred D．sure27．A．thrilled B．delighted C．upset D．panicky28．A．charge B．pay C．fine D．a(chǎn)ward29．A．style B．flash C．smile D．symbol30．A．contracting B．competing C．cooperating D．working31．A．generosity B．kindness C．guidance D．discovery32．A．engineer B．designer C．officer D．citizen33．A．fluent B．challenging C．suitable D．small34．A．extra B．ideal C．a(chǎn)mazing D．hard35．A．convinced B．required C．reminded D．expected四、第二部分，語言運(yùn)用，第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AcollectionoftombsdatingfromtheHanDynastytotheSixDynastiesperiodwerediscoveredinWulongDistrictofSouthwestChina'sChongqing.Thetombdatingback36．theWesternHanDynastywasthemostimportantamongthem,andmorethan600precious37．(culture)relicssuchaslacquerware(漆器),woodware,bambooware,potteryandbronzewarewereunearthedfromit.Dueto38．(fill)withwater,thetombremainedundisturbedandunharmed,andthefuneraryobjectswerewell-preserved.Whatisexcitingaboutthis39．(discover)isnotjustthelargenumberofunearthedartifactsbutalsothelistofburialitemsthatindicateapreciserecordofburial,40．hasbeenverifiedas193BC,41．(provide)clarityonthetomb'sdate.Apieceofunearthedjadewareshowstheimportantpositionofthetombowner.Thelistofburialitemsfoundinthetombiscompleteand42．(clear)recordsthename,quantityandsizeofthefuneraryobjects.Thetomb43．(contain)thelargestquantityoflacqueredwoodandbamboowareeverfoundatonetimeintheupper44．(reach)oftheYangtzeRiver.Basedonpubliclyavailableinformation,itisalsotheearliesttomboftheWesternHanDynastyfoundinChinawith45．clearrecordedyear.五、第三部分，寫作，第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46．假定你是李華，是校書法社的負(fù)責(zé)人，你得知你的交換生同學(xué)Amy對書法很感興趣。請你給她發(fā)一封電子郵件，邀請她加入書法社，內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹書法社的情況；2.發(fā)出邀請；3.期待回復(fù)。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearAmy,Howiseverythinggoing?……Yours,LiHua六、第三部分，寫作，第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AsTheJungleBooksongBearNecessitiesgoes,"forgetaboutyourworriesandyourconflict"canbealittlebitdifficultwhenyoufindyourselffacetofacewitharealbear.BearsarecommonintheNorthernHemisphere.Ashumanhabitatsstretchtowardthewilderness,moreandmoreanimalscrosstheirpathswiththoseofhumans.Thiscanleadtodangerousencountersespeciallywhenprecautionsarenotinplace.Inthesesituations,keepingyourdistanceisstillthebestadvice.AccordingtotheNationalParkService,oneshouldalsoremaincalmasbears,moreoftenthannot,arenotreallywillingtoattackyou.Onceinastandoff(對峙),avoidmakingsuddenmovesorloudnoisesasthesecantriggeraggression.7-year-oldHuxleydidexactlywhathewastoldwhenheencounteredamassivebear.ItwasaSunnymorning.Huxleywaswanderingonhiswayhomewhenabighulking(笨重的)figureemergesfrombehindhim.Ahurriedglancebackward,heknewitwasablackbear.Thebearapproachedcautiouslyatfirst,probablysizingupthefigureinfrontofhim.Asecondlater,perhapsjudgingthatHuxleywasnomatchforit,thebearburstintoafullsprint(沖刺)andranitswaytowardtheboy.Atfirst,Huxleywasreallyfrightened.However,heknewitwasimpossibletorunorfightwiththebigbeast.Inthemomentofcrisis,herememberedhismotherremindshimregularlyaboutthesepossibleencounters.ShetellshimthatifHuxleyfindshimselffacetofacewithabearandtherearenoadultsaround,heshouldremaincalm.Huxleycalmeddownatthinkingofthis.Hestaredatthebeardownwithoutanymovement.Thismighthavebeenthereasonwhytheyoungbearstoppeddeadinitstracks.Theyfacedeachothermotionless,andtherewasonlyafootdistancebetweenthem.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Fromaroundthecorner,aneighborhurriedlywalkedtothescene.……Theneighborcontinuedtopressurethebearwhiletheanimaltrieditsbesttofindanescaperoute.

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了兩個(gè)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的志愿項(xiàng)目及他們對志愿者的要求。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)RhinoConservationinZimbabwe部分中的"Todate,20rhinoshavebeenbornattheconservancy,with12rhinossuccessfullyreleasedbackintothewild."迄今為止，已有20頭犀牛在保護(hù)區(qū)出生，其中12頭犀牛成功放歸野外?？芍?，黑犀牛繁殖和放生項(xiàng)目的工作取得了成效。故選A。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)CheetahConservation部分中的"Thecheetaharenowfree-wanderinginthereserve,andvolunteersplayanimportantroleinmonitoringandobservingtheirbehaviour,trackingtheirmovementsandrecordingtheirhuntingrate."獵豹現(xiàn)在可以在保護(hù)區(qū)自由漫步，志愿者在監(jiān)測和觀察它們的行為、追蹤它們的行動(dòng)和記錄它們的狩獵速度方面發(fā)揮著重要作用?？芍?，獵豹的狩獵速度應(yīng)該被記錄。故選B。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"Successfulwildlifeconservationgoeshandinhandwithcommunityeducationandengagement.Volunteersworkwithcommunityleadersandschoolstosharetheirpassionforconservationandtheenvironment."成功的野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)與社區(qū)教育和參與密不可分。志愿者與社區(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和學(xué)校合作，分享他們對保護(hù)和環(huán)境的熱情?？芍?，文章主要介紹的兩個(gè)志愿者活動(dòng)是圍繞野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)展開的，所以喜歡與動(dòng)物打交道的人可能會申請?jiān)撝驹刚呋顒?dòng)。故選C。【答案】4．B5．D6．C7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了藝術(shù)家StephanieHongo將垃圾變成雕塑作品，從而激發(fā)人們回收利用垃圾的意識。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"‘Youdon'tneedtobeatrashpickertodothis,'shesays.‘Trashiseverywhere.'"她說："你不需要成為一個(gè)撿垃圾的人。垃圾無處不在"可知，你不需要成為一個(gè)撿垃圾的人，因?yàn)榈教幎际抢?。故選B。5．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"Thoughshedoesn'tconsiderherselfatrueeco-artist,shehopesshe'sinspiringotherstoreuseitemsthatusuallyendupinlandfills."盡管她不認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)真正的生態(tài)藝術(shù)家，但她希望自己能激勵(lì)其他人重新使用通常會被填埋的物品?？芍琀ongo希望其他人能從她的藝術(shù)形式中學(xué)習(xí)回收利用垃圾。故選D。6．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段"Beforestartingeachproject,Hongofiguresoutexactlywhatpiecesofscrap(廢舊的)metal,tubingandplasticsshe'llneedtotransformthepileofjunkonherworktableintosomethingfantastic,likeamajesticoctopus(章魚)rocketingthroughthecoraloracutekoalahuggingatree."在開始每個(gè)項(xiàng)目之前，Hongo都會準(zhǔn)確地計(jì)算出她需要什么樣的廢金屬、管材和塑料片，才能把工作臺上的一堆垃圾變成奇妙的東西，比如一只雄偉的章魚在珊瑚中飛馳，或者一只可愛的考拉擁抱在樹上?？芍?，Hongo在開始每一個(gè)項(xiàng)目之前都要弄清楚哪些材料適合她的作品。故選C。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"AndforHongo,wherethereistrash,thereisart.Since2017,Hongohascraftedcomplexseacreatures,realistic-lookingjungleanimalsandothercreaturesoutofeverythingfromplasticforkstoplastictubingaswellasahairdryer,apurse,atoothbrush,andevenahairstraightener."對Hongo來說，有垃圾的地方就有藝術(shù)。自2017年以來，Hongo用各種材料從塑料叉到塑料管，還有吹風(fēng)機(jī)、錢包、牙刷，甚至直發(fā)器制作了復(fù)雜的海洋生物、逼真的叢林動(dòng)物和其他生物；以及第四段中的"Thoughshedoesn'tconsiderherselfatrueeco-artist,shehopesshe'sinspiringotherstoreuseitemsthatusuallyendupinlandfills."盡管她不認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)真正的生態(tài)藝術(shù)家，但她希望自己能激勵(lì)其他人重新使用通常會被填埋的物品。可知，Hongo用廢品制造出各種雕塑，并希望激勵(lì)人們學(xué)會循環(huán)利用，故她是一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造力和鼓舞人心的人。故選A?！敬鸢浮?．D9．B10．A11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，講述了加州大學(xué)爾灣分校神經(jīng)科學(xué)家進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)為期六個(gè)月的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，老年人的臥室里每晚持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)的香味，老人的記憶激增。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Theresearcherssaythefindingtransformsthelong-knowntiebetweensmellandmemoryintoaneasy,non-invasivetechniqueforstrengtheningmemoryandpotentiallypreventingdementia."研究人員表示，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)將嗅覺和記憶之間長期存在的聯(lián)系轉(zhuǎn)化為一種簡單、無創(chuàng)的技術(shù)，可以增強(qiáng)記憶，并有可能預(yù)防癡呆癥?？芍摪l(fā)現(xiàn)可能用于改善記憶力的領(lǐng)域。故選D。9．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段"TheprojectwasconductedthroughtheUCICenterfortheNeurobiologyofLearning&Memory.Itinvolvedmenandwomenaged60to85withoutmemoryimpairment.Allweregivensevensmallcontainers,eachcontainingasingleanddifferentnaturaloil.Peopleintheenrichedgroupreceivedfull-strengthoils.Controlgroupparticipantsweregiventheoilsintinyamounts.Participantsputadifferentcontainerintotheirroomeacheveningpriortogoingtobed,anditactivatedfortwohoursastheyslept."該項(xiàng)目是通過UCI學(xué)習(xí)與記憶神經(jīng)生物學(xué)中心進(jìn)行的。研究對象為年齡在60至85歲之間且無記憶障礙的男性和女性。所有人都得到了七個(gè)小容器，每個(gè)容器都裝有一種不同的天然油。強(qiáng)化組的人接受了全強(qiáng)度油。對照組的參與者服用了少量的精油。參與者每天晚上睡覺前把一個(gè)不同的容器放進(jìn)房間，在他們睡覺的時(shí)候它會激活兩個(gè)小時(shí)?？芍诙沃饕榻B了的是研究是怎樣進(jìn)行的，即研究過程。故選B。10．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Peopleintheenrichedgroupshoweda226%increaseincognitiveperformancecomparedtothecontrolgroup,asmeasuredbyawordlisttestcommonlyusedtoevaluatememory."通過常用于評估記憶的單詞表測試，與對照組相比，強(qiáng)化組的人的認(rèn)知能力提高了226%?？芍芯咳藛T通過給予參與者單詞表測試來評估參與者的表現(xiàn)。故選A。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Theteamwouldnextliketostudythetechnique'simpactonpeoplewithdiagnosedcognitiveloss.Aproductbasedontheirstudyanddesignedforpeopletouseathomeisexpectedtocomeontothemarketthisfall."該團(tuán)隊(duì)接下來想研究這項(xiàng)技術(shù)對被診斷為認(rèn)知障礙的人的影響。根據(jù)他們的研究，一種專為人們在家使用而設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品預(yù)計(jì)將于今年秋天上市?？芍?，他們研究的新產(chǎn)品將要上市，故研究人員未來將關(guān)注研究成果的應(yīng)用。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2．A13．C14．B15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了研究人員提出了一種新方法來統(tǒng)計(jì)和追蹤公共道路上的車輛，這一發(fā)展有望改善當(dāng)前的交通系統(tǒng)，幫助旅行者更快地到達(dá)目的地。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和標(biāo)題歸納四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Researchershaveproposedanovelmethodforcountingandtrackingvehiclesonpublicroads,adevelopmentthatcouldimprovecurrenttrafficsystemsandhelptravelersgettotheirdestinationsfaster."研究人員提出了一種計(jì)算和跟蹤公共道路上車輛的新方法，這一發(fā)展可以改善當(dāng)前的交通系統(tǒng)，幫助旅行者更快地到達(dá)目的地?？芍?，研究人員提出的是一種新的方法即在巴士上的攝像頭能夠幫助旅行者更快的到達(dá)目的地，即縮短出行時(shí)間。故選A。13．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段"Inpreviousstudies,OhioStateresearchersfoundthatusingthesemobilecamerasprovidesmuchbetterspatialandtemporal(時(shí)間的)coveragethanrelyingonoftentemporarilyplacedsensorsthatdon'tprovideaviewofmanystreetsandroadsinacity."在之前的研究中，俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用這些移動(dòng)攝像頭可以提供更好的空間和時(shí)間覆蓋，而不是依賴于通常臨時(shí)放置的傳感器，這些傳感器不能提供城市中許多街道和道路的視圖。可知，安裝在公交車上的傳感器不能提供城市中許多道路和街道的視圖。可推知，它們對城市交通的覆蓋較少。故選C。14．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"UsingthecamerasalreadyinstalledoncampusbusesattheOhioStateUniversity,researchersprovedthattheycouldautomaticallyandaccuratelymeasurecountsofvehiclesonurbanroadways,detectobjectsintheroadanddistinguishparkedvehiclesfromthosethataremoving"俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的研究人員利用已經(jīng)安裝在校園公交車上的攝像頭，證明了它們可以自動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確地測量城市道路上的車輛數(shù)量，探測道路上的物體，并區(qū)分停放的車輛和行駛的車輛；以及"Whilestillalongwayfromtotalimplementation(實(shí)施),thestudysuggeststhesystem'sresultsbearpromiseforthefuture..."雖然距離全面實(shí)施還有很長的路要走，但研究表明，該系統(tǒng)的結(jié)果對未來充滿希望…...?？芍?，安裝在公交車上的攝像頭能夠自動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確地測量城市道路上的車輛數(shù)量，探測道路上的物體，并區(qū)分停放的車輛和行駛的車輛，雖然距離全面實(shí)施這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還有很長的路要走，但研究表明，該系統(tǒng)的結(jié)果對未來的交通監(jiān)控室充滿希望的。可推知?jiǎng)澗€詞surveillance是"監(jiān)控"為同義詞。故選B。15．考查標(biāo)題歸納。根據(jù)第二段"UsingthecamerasalreadyinstalledoncampusbusesattheOhioStateUniversity,researchersprovedthattheycouldautomaticallyandaccuratelymeasurecountsofvehiclesonurbanroadways,detectobjectsintheroadanddistinguishparkedvehiclesfromthosethataremoving."俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的研究人員利用已經(jīng)安裝在校園公交車上的攝像頭，證明了它們可以自動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確地測量城市道路上的車輛數(shù)量，探測道路上的物體，并區(qū)分停放的車輛和行駛的車輛)"以及通讀全文可知，文章講述的是研究人員提出了一種新方法來統(tǒng)計(jì)和追蹤公共道路上的車輛，這一發(fā)展有望改善當(dāng)前的交通系統(tǒng)，幫助旅行者更快地到達(dá)目的地?？赏浦?安裝在公交車上的攝像頭可以更好地測量交通狀況"概括文章主要內(nèi)容，適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D。【答案】16．G；17．C；18．D；19．E；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一些理財(cái)技巧和建議。

【點(diǎn)評】考查七選五，本文是一篇生活類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Ano-spendchallengeisn'tabouttotaldeprivation(剝奪)orfreezingyourbankaccount."不花錢的挑戰(zhàn)并不是完全剝奪你的財(cái)產(chǎn)或者凍結(jié)你的銀行賬戶。提到了不花錢并不是完全剝奪你的財(cái)產(chǎn)或者凍結(jié)你的銀行賬戶，因此本句是在解釋不花錢的正確概念。G.Itrepresentsaconsciousdecisiontoredirectyourfinancialfocusandcontrolyourspendinghabits"它代表了一個(gè)有意識的決定，重新調(diào)整你的財(cái)務(wù)重點(diǎn)，控制你的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣"符合語境，故選G。17．根據(jù)空前"Identifyrecurringbills,necessaryexpendituresandessentialitems.Distinguishthemfromfreespendingonnon-essentialproductsandservices.Thisinitialsteplaysthefoundationforarealisticandsustainablechallenge."確定經(jīng)常性賬單、必要支出和基本項(xiàng)目。將它們與在非必要產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)上的隨意支出區(qū)分開來。這一初步步驟為現(xiàn)實(shí)和可持續(xù)的挑戰(zhàn)奠定了基礎(chǔ)?？芍?，上文提到把經(jīng)常性賬單、必要支出和基本項(xiàng)目與非必要支出區(qū)分開來，本句為本段最后一句，故承接上文繼續(xù)說明這么做的好處，C.Itensuresthatcrucialaspectsofyourliferemainunaffected"它確保你生活的關(guān)鍵方面不受影響"符合語境，故選C。18．根據(jù)空前"Asuccessfulno-spendchallengeisrootedinthedevelopmentofawell-craftedbudgetthatreflectsyourfinancialreality."一個(gè)成功的不花錢的挑戰(zhàn)根植于一個(gè)精心制作的預(yù)算的發(fā)展，這個(gè)預(yù)算反映了你的財(cái)務(wù)現(xiàn)實(shí)；以及空后"Allocatespecificamountsforvariableexpensessuchasgroceriesandbills,enhancingaccountabilityandprovidingaclearroadmapforresponsiblespendingduringthechallenge."為雜貨和賬單等可變支出分配具體金額，加強(qiáng)問責(zé)制，并在挑戰(zhàn)期間為負(fù)責(zé)任的支出提供清晰的路線圖?？芍?，上文建議做預(yù)算，后文提到了后續(xù)做法，可知本句是在說明做預(yù)算的第一步，D.Beginbyoutliningyourincome,fixedexpensesandanyupcomingfinancialgoals"首先列出你的收入、固定支出和任何即將到來的財(cái)務(wù)目標(biāo)"符合語境，故選D。19．根據(jù)空后"Afirmsupportsystemthatunderstandsandrespectsyourfinancialgoalscreatesapositiveenvironment,fosteringmotivationandsolidarity."一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的支持系統(tǒng)，理解和尊重你的財(cái)務(wù)目標(biāo)，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)積極的環(huán)境，培養(yǎng)動(dòng)力和團(tuán)結(jié)。提到了支持系統(tǒng)的重要性，可知本句是在說明培養(yǎng)支持系統(tǒng)所需要的條件。E.Shareyourcommitmentwithfriendsandfamily,encouragingthemtosupportyoureffort"與朋友和家人分享你的承諾，鼓勵(lì)他們支持你的努力"符合語境，故選E。20．根據(jù)空后"Identifypositivechangesyouwanttomaintainandintegratethemintoyourl