專題04-如何更好地控制自己的敘述(教師版)

HowtoTakeControlofYourSelf-narrativeforaBetterandHappierLife如何更好地控制自己的敘述文章選自《新科學(xué)家》主題語境：人與自我子語境：自我修養(yǎng)原文出處：NewScientist語篇類型：說明文關(guān)鍵詞：story；hero；stress；process篇章導(dǎo)讀：你講述的關(guān)于自己的故事，即你的敘事身份，對(duì)你的幸福感和實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人目標(biāo)的能力有很大影響。本文將告訴你如何將其發(fā)揮到極致！原汁原味外刊閱讀及模擬強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練Everyoneknowswhatmakesagoodstory.Ourherostartstheirjourneyasaflawedbutrelatablebeingwithapersonalgoal.Insceneafterscene,theyfacechallengesandsetbacksthatpushthemdownnewpaths.Bytheendofthetale,theyhaveprevailedandbecomeabetterpersonintheprocess.JustthinkofJaneEyre,LukeSkywalkerorGilgamesh.Welovetheseplotsinthenovelsweread,thefilmswewatchandthevideogamesweplay.Buttheprinciplesofagoodstoryoffermuchmorethanentertainment.Recentresearchshowsthatthenarrativeswetellourselvesaboutourlivescanpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress.Peoplewhogeneratetalesofstruggleandredemptionfromtheirownlivesappeartohavemuchbettermentalhealth.Youcoulddescribethisastheflawedheroeffect.Betteryet,psychologistshavefoundthatspinningourmemoriesintoawell-toldlifenarrative,andviewingourfutureasanextensionofthisstory,canhelpusachieveouraspirationsforself-improvement.Andifyouwanttoturnoveranewleaf,ithelpstochooseasignificantdatethatsignalsthestartofanew“chapter”.Contrarytopopularscepticism,resolutionsmadeon1Januaryaremoreeffectiveforthisreason.So,whetheryourgoalissavingmoney,studyingforexams,quittingsmokingorgettingfit,thereisnobettertimetostart.Youjustneedtoknowhowtoharnessthepowerofself-narrativetoboostyourwillpower,improveyourwell-beingandcreateabetteryou.Theoriginalprotagonistintheburgeoningfieldofnarrativepsychology…讀后強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練I.單句語法填空1.Thenewdrughasgreatsignificance(significant)forthetreatmentofthedisease.2.Ishouldpointoutthatnotoneofthesepaintingsisoriginal(origin).3.Theentertainment(entertain)wasgoodcleanfunforthewholefamily.4.Sherefusestoallowherfamilytohelpherasamatterofprinciple(原則).5.TheKingmayturnoversomeofhisofficialpoststohisson.II.閱讀理解1.Whyarepeoplewhonarratetheirownlifestorieshealthiermentally?A.Theyarereadytohelpothers.B.Theyworkmoreseriously.C.Theyaremoreresistanttopressure.D.Theyaremoreskilledatplayinggames.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Recentresearchshowsthatthenarrativeswetellourselvesaboutourlivescanpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress可知，自敘生活故事的人可以有力地塑造自己的抗壓能力，所以心理會(huì)更加健康。故選C項(xiàng)。2.Whichofthefollowingisnotachievablebyself-narration?A.Improvehappinessindex.B.Keepfit.C.Strengthenwillpower.D.Createyourself.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Youjustneedtoknowhowtoharnessthepowerofself-narrativetoboostyourwillpower,improveyourwell-beingandcreateabetteryou內(nèi)容可知，自我敘述不能夠達(dá)到保持身體健康的效果。故選B項(xiàng)。3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardspeoplewhoaregoodatnarrating?A.Supportive.B.Opposed.C.Curious.D.Subjective.【答案】A【解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。綜合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者講述了善于自我敘述故事的人的很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，是支持人們?cè)谏钪星‘?dāng)?shù)財(cái)⑹鲎晕业?。故選A項(xiàng)。詞匯積累Ⅰ.核心詞匯1.challengen.挑戰(zhàn)2.principlen.道德原則；行為準(zhǔn)則3.entertainmentn.娛樂活動(dòng)；招待；娛樂4.generatev.生成；產(chǎn)生；引起5.significantadj.重要的，有重大意義的6.quitv.退出；戒掉；停止7.originaladj.起初的；原來的Ⅱ.核心短語1.pushthemdown把他們推倒2.appearto看起來像3.viewas視為；視作4.turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)5.contraryto與……相反Ш.拓展詞匯1.relatableadj.有關(guān)系的2.prevailv.流行；盛行3.resiliencen.恢復(fù)力；彈力4.scepticismn.懷疑態(tài)度金句賞析1.Recentresearchshowsthatthenarrativeswetellourselvesaboutourlivescanpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress.【句意】最近的研究表明，我們告訴自己的生活故事可以有力地塑造我們的抗壓能力?！揪涫狡饰觥烤渥又鞲桑篟ecentresearchshowsthat...賞析：①thatthenarratives...canpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，與動(dòng)詞show構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；②wetellourselvesaboutourlives是省略了關(guān)系代詞that或which的定語從句，先行詞是narratives，其在從句中充當(dāng)賓語。2.Betteryet,psychologistshavefoundthatspinningourmemoriesintoawell-toldlifenarrative,andviewingourfutureasanextensionofthisstory,canhelpusachieveouraspirationsforself-improvement.【句意】更妙的是，心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，將我們的記憶編織成一個(gè)講述得很好的生活故事，并將我們的未來視為這個(gè)故事的延伸，可以幫助我們實(shí)現(xiàn)自我完善的愿望?！揪涫狡饰觥烤渥又鞲桑?..psychologistshavefoundthat...賞析：①Betteryet作狀語，that...canhelpusachieveouraspirations...是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，與found構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；②動(dòng)名詞短語spinningourmemoriesintoawell-toldlifenarrative與viewingourfutureasanextensionofthisstory構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，共同做從句中的主語；③helpusachieve是help的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即“help+sb.+dosth.”，“幫助某人做某事”的意思。參考譯文Everyoneknowswhatmakesagoodstory.Ourherostartstheirjourneyasaflawedbutrelatablebeingwithapersonalgoal.Insceneafterscene,theyfacechallengesandsetbacksthatpushthemdownnewpaths.Bytheendofthetale,theyhaveprevailedandbecomeabetterpersonintheprocess.JustthinkofJaneEyre,LukeSkywalkerorGilgamesh.每個(gè)人都知道什么是好故事。我們的英雄以一個(gè)有缺陷但與個(gè)人目標(biāo)相關(guān)的人開始他們的旅程。在一幕又一幕的場(chǎng)景中，他們面臨著挑戰(zhàn)和挫折，這些挑戰(zhàn)和挫折將他們推向了新的道路。到故事結(jié)束時(shí)，他們已經(jīng)占了上風(fēng)，并在這個(gè)過程中成為了一個(gè)更好的人。想想簡(jiǎn)·愛、盧克·天行者或吉爾伽美什。Welovetheseplotsinthenovelsweread,thefilmswewatchandthevideogamesweplay.Buttheprinciplesofagoodstoryoffermuchmorethanentertainment.Recentresearchshowsthatthenarrativeswetellourselvesaboutourlivescanpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress.Peoplewhogeneratetalesofstruggleandredemptionfromtheirownlivesappeartohavemuchbettermentalhealth.Youcoulddescribethisastheflawedheroeffect.我們喜歡我們讀的小說、看的電影和玩的電子游戲中的這些情節(jié)。但一個(gè)好故事的原則不僅僅是娛樂。最近的研究表明，我們告訴自己的生活故事可以有力地塑造我們的抗壓能力。那些通過自己的生活講述奮斗和救贖故事的人，心理健康狀況似乎要好得多。你可以把這描述為有缺陷的英雄效應(yīng)。Betteryet,psychologistshavefoundthatspinningourmemoriesintoawell-toldlifenarrative,andviewingourfutureasanextensionofthisstory,canhelpusachieveouraspirationsforself-improvement.Andifyouwanttoturnoveranewleaf,ithelpstochooseasignificantdatethatsignalsthestartofanew“chapter”.Contrar