Unit-1單元話題七選五專項練習(xí)

Unit1單元話題七選五專項練習(xí)(名校最新真題)（2022·湖南·長沙一中高二階段練習(xí)）AlbertEinsteinheldasmall,roundinstrumentwithaglasscoverandashakingneedleinhispalm.___1___Albert’sfathercalleditacompassAlbertcalleditamystery.Nomatterhowhemovedthecompass,theneedlealwayspointedtothenorth.Somethingwasintheroomwithhim,Albertrealized—somethinghecouldn’tseeorfeel,butthatactedonthecompassjustthesame.Puzzledandattracted,Albertlistenedtohisfatherexplainmagnetism,thestrangeforcethatmadethecompassneedlepointnorth.___2___Tomanychildrenthecompasswouldhavebeenjustanothertoy.ToAlbertthecompasswasamiraclehewouldneverforget.___3___BornonMarch14,1879,Alberthadn’tlookedlikeotherbabies.Asshecradledhernew-soninherarms,PaulineEinsteinthoughtthebackofhisheadlookedstrange.WassomethingwrongwithAlbert?AlthoughthedoctortoldPaulineeverythingwasfine,severalweekspassedbeforetheshapeofAlbert’sheadbegantolookrighttoher.WhenAlbertwasone,hisfamilymovedtoMunich,wherehissister,Maja,wasbornayearlater.___4___Wherewerethebaby’swheels?Thedisappointedtwo-year-oldwantedtoknow.Alberthadexpectedababysistertobesomethinglikeatoy,andmostofhistoyshadwheels.Atanagewhenmanychildrenhavelotstosay,Albertseemedstrangelybackward.Thenine-year-oldstillhadtroubleputtinghisthoughtsintowords.ButAlbertwasagoodlistenerandagoodthinker.WhenhewenthikingwithhisparentsandMaja,hethoughtabouthisfather’scompassandwhatithadrevealedtohim.Theclear,opengrasslandswerefilledwithmorethanthewindorthepleasantsmellofflowers.___5___Theverythoughtofitquickenedhispulse.A．Theywerealsofilledwithmagnetism.B．Alberthadalwaysbeendifferentfromotherchildren.C．Thefive-year-oldstaredathishandasifitheldmagic.D．Theinvisibleforcemakesthecompassmorethanatoytoall.E．Lookingdownatthetinysleepingparcel,Albertwaspuzzled.F．Somewhere,thewind,softandmagic,clickedthroughtreebranches.G．Butnothinghesaidmadetheinvisiblepowerlessmysteriousorwonderful.（2022·河南安陽·高二期末）CharacteristicsofanexcellentscientistThedictionarydefinesascientistasapersonhavingprofessionalknowledgeononeormoresciences,especiallynaturalscienceorphysicalscience.____6____Let’slookatsomecharacteristicsofanexcellentscientist.CuriosityAnexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.ScientistssuchasThomasEdisonandGeorgeWestinghousediscoveredthingsmainlybecausetheywantedtoknowhowthingswork.____7____PatienceBecomingascientisttakesalongtime.____8____Evenifyouthinkyouhavereceivedsomeeducationonscience,youstillhavealotofscientificresearchtodo.Ifyou’reaninstant-gratificationtypeofperson,thismaynotbethebestchoiceforyou.Ethical(道德的)qualitiesInordertotrulydiscoveranduseknowledgeforthegreatergood,ascientistmusthaveadesiretoimprovepeople’slifeaswellastheenvironment,sincetheyarelinkedandtheycanaffectoneanotherinthelongrun.____9____Stickingtoanoldbeliefcontradictedwithevidenceisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn’tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.Workinghabits____10____He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat’sneededandalsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.Networkingconnectshim/herwithcolleaguesworkingonsimilarprojectswherehe/shemaydiscoversomethingnew.A．Tomakediscoveries,youhavetothinkdifferently.B．Thereareveryfewjobsthattakelongerthanthisone.C．Italsodefinesascientistassomeonewhousesscientificmethods.D．Ascientistmustreportfindingshonestlyregardlessofpersonalinterestsorpublicopinion.E．Oneofthemainplacesthatmanyscientistsworkinistheresearchlaboratory.F．Anexcellentscientisteventakesnotesofthesmallestobservationandkeepsitinmind.G．Withoutadrivetoaskquestionsorevenwonder,ascientistwillnevergettothefirststageofthescientificprocess.（2022·陜西西安·高二期末）Asisknown,AlbertEinsteinwasoneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime.Hewasalsoareallygreatperson.Einsteinlearnedfrommakingmistakes____11____,someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded.Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandpencil.Healsoneededabaskettoholdhismistakes.Thisshowsthathekneweventhecleverestmanintheworldcanonlylearnbymakingmistakes.____12____Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.EinsteinconsideredtimetobeimportantHeneverworesocksbecausehethoughtputtingonsockswasawasteoftimeaspeoplealreadyworeshoes.Healsothoughtrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.____13____.Heknewwhatwasworthremembering.Itistruethatifwearegoingtodogreatthingsinourlives,wecannotwastetime.EinsteinlikedtojoketooInoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent.____14____!WhenEinsteinwasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.____15____,weshouldthinkofhim.So,neverbediscouraged!A．EinsteinwasalsoverymodestB．WhatahumorouspersonheisC．EinsteinwasalsostrictwithhisstudentsD．WhenEinsteinstartedtoworkinAmericaE．GivestudentsachancetocorrecttheirmistakesF．IfweeverfeellikegivingupwhenwehaveproblemsG．That’swhyheneverrememberedhisownphonenumber（2021·廣東·北京師范大學(xué)珠海分校附屬外國語學(xué)校高二階段練習(xí)）FourSecretstoSteveJobs’SuccessHowisitthatacollegedropout,whowasoncekickedoutofhisowncompany,becameoneoftheworld’sforemostinnovators?CarmineGalloliststhefourwaysJobsmanagedtosucceedinthefaceofdiscouragingcircumstances.___16___Dowhatyoulove,nomatterwhatithappenstobe.ThisiswhatJobstoldStanfordUniversitygraduatesinaspeechin2005,GallosaysthefamoustalkshowhostRachaelRayagreeswiththisadvice.RachaelRaydoeswhatsheloves.____17____Shedidthatbecauseshelovedcooking.Saynoto1000things.SimplifyinghisbusinesswasthekeytoJobs’success,Gallosays.In1997,whenJobsreturnedtoApple,Applewasclosetobankruptcy（破產(chǎn)）.Hetook300productsandcondensedthemto10withinatwo-yearperiod.___18___Inhislatteryears,hedecidedhewouldwearthesamedresseverydaysothathedidn’thavetothinkaboutit.Kick-start（啟動）yourbrainbydoingsomethingnew.DoingnewthingshelpedJobs,inthewordsofApple'sownslogan,“Thinkdifferently.”TheinspirationfortheAppleStorecamefromtheFourSeasonsHotel.That’swhywhenyouwalkintoanAppleStore,youwillnotfindacashier.____19____.Walktothebackofthestoreandthere’sabar.Itdoesn’tservealcohol,butitcollectsadvice.___20___“ForJobs,itwasn’tjustaboutselling29millioniPadsthissummerbutentertainingthecustomeratthesametime,”Gallosays.“Whetheryourunamulti-billiondollartechcompanyorapizzarestaurant,innovationmeanscreatinganewexperienceforyourcustomers,”Jobssays.A．Dowhatyouarecuriousabout.B．Createfreshexperiences.C．Instead,you’llfindadoorkeeper.D．CarmineGallosaysthatyoucandothesame.E．ShewasgivingcookinglessonsatMacy’sforfree.F．SimplicityalsoextendstoJobs’personallife.G．JobsexplainedthatiPadwasnotjustaphonebutalifestyle.（2016·全國·高二課時練習(xí)）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThingsYouDidn’tKnowAboutStephenHawkingEvenifyoudon’tkeepacloseeyeonnewdevelopmentsinphysics,you’veprobablyheardofthefamousphysicistStephenHawking._____21_____Thesedays,weknowHawkingasabrilliantmindwhosetheoriesaredifficultforanonscientificmindtograsp.ThisiswhyitmaycomeasashocktolearnthatHawkingwasaslackerwhenitcametohisschoolstudies.___22___Withalittlemoreeffort,hebroughtthosegradesuptoaboutaverage,butnotmuchbetter.However,fromanearlyagehewasinterestedinhowthingsworked.Hehastalkedabouthowhewasknowntotakeapartclocksandradios.However,headmitshewasn’tverygoodatputtingthembacktogethersotheycouldworkagain.StephenHawkingtookalikingtomathematicsfromanearlyage,andhewouldhavelikedtohavemajoredinit._____23_____HehopedStephenwouldinsteadstudymedicine.But,forallhisinterestinscience,Stephendidn’tcareforbiology.Hehassaidthathefoundittobe“tooinexact,toodescriptive(敘述的)”._____24_____Oneproblem,however,wasthatOxforddidn’thavemathematicsasamajor.TheresultwasthatStephenwouldattendOxfordandmajorinphysics.______25______That’swhyhechosetostudyuniverse.A．HisfatherwantedtosendhimtoOxford.B．Hisfather,Frank,however,haddifferentideas.C．Actually,hefocusedonthebiggerquestions.D．Hewouldhaveratherdevotedhismindtomorepreciseconcepts.E．Infact,whenhewas9,hisgradesrankedamongtheworstinhisclass.F．However,there’remanyinterestingfactsyoumightnotknowabouthim.G．Bothhisteachersandpeersseemedtounderstandthattheyhadafuturegenius.（2022·廣東·佛山一中高二階段練習(xí)）CeciliaPaynewasborninEnglandtohighlysuccessfulparents.HerfatherwasafellowofOxfordUniversity,andhermotherwasatalentedartist.Sheshowedagreattalentformusic.___26___However,itwassciencethatstoleherheart.Hermotherhadtoldherofabeeorchid,aplantthatresembled(類似)abumblebee,andupondiscoveringthisPayne’smindwassetonpursuingacareerinscience.AsayoungadultshewonherselfascholarshiptostudyattheUniversityofCambridge’sNewnhamCollege,whereshebeganstudyingbotany,chemistryandphysics.___27___AfteronelecturegivenbyArthurEddingtononthegeneraltheoryofrelativity,Paynelostsleepthinkingaboutitsmeaning.Herdestiny(命運)hadbeenset,andfortherestofherundergraduateyearsshemajoredinphysicsandbecameabsorbedinastronomy,hertruelove.___28___ShewenttheretoworkwithHarlowShapleyandPrinceton’sHenryNorrisRussell,twoofthemostnotableresearchersinherfieldatthetime.Injusttwoyears,PaynecompletedherPhDessayonthechemicalcompositionofthestars.Herresultsprovedgroundbreaking:theSunwasmadeupmainlyofhydrogenandhelium.ButRusselldisagreedwithherfindingsastheyconflictedwiththeacceptedtheoriesoftheday.___29___HereachedthesameconclusionasPaynebydifferentmeans.PayneremainedatHarvardfortherestofheracademiccareerandgrewintoahugesuccessstory.Inthemid-1950sshemadehistoryagainbybecomingthefirstwomaninherdepartmenttobepromotedtoaprofessorship.Shediedoflungcancerin1979.___30___.A．Itwasherethatshemetthesuperstarsofphysics.B．Shewouldlatergoontobecomeaskilledpianist.C．Itchangedthewayastronomersunderstoodtheuniverse.D．PaynegaveupherstudiesunderthepressurefromRussel.E．However,Russellstatedherfindingswerecorrectfouryearslater.F．AftercompletingherstudiesintheUK,PaynesetsailforHarvard.G．Now,sheisrememberedasoneofastronomy’smostinspirationalwomen.（2021·黑龍江·農(nóng)墾佳木斯學(xué)校高二期中）Asisknown,AlbertEinsteinwasoneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime.____31____Einsteinlearnedfrommakingmistakes.WhenEinsteinstartedtoworkinAmerica,someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded.Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandapencil.____32____Thisshowsthathekneweventhecleverestmanintheworldcanonlylearnbymakingmistakes.____33____Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.Einsteinconsideredtimetobeimportant.Heneverworesocks,becausehethoughtputtingonsockswasawasteoftimeaspeoplealreadyworeshoes.Healsothoughrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.That’swhyheneverrememberedhisownphonenumber.____34____Itistruethatifwearegoingtodogreatthingsinourlives,wecannotwastetime.Einsteinlikedtojoketoo.Inoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent!Ifweeverfeellikegivingupwhenwehaveproblems,weshouldthinkofEinstein.Whenhewasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.____35____A．Meanwhile,hewasalsostrictwithhisstudents.B．Givestudentsachancetocorrecttheirmistakes.C．Hewasalsoareallygreatperson.D．So,neverbediscouraged!E．Heknewwhatwasworthremembering.F．Einsteinwasalsoverymodest.G．Healsoneededabaskettoholdhismistakes.參考答案：1．C

2．G

3．B

4．E

5．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇人物傳記。主要講述了在阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦一開始就與眾不同。1．根據(jù)上文“AlbertEinsteinheldasmall,roundinstrumentwithaglasscoverandashakingneedleinhispalm.(阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦手里拿著一個小而圓的儀器，有一個玻璃罩，手掌上握著一根搖晃的針)”以及后文“Albert’sfathercalleditacompassAlbertcalleditamystery.Nomatterhowhemovedthecompass,theneedlealwayspointedtothenorth.(阿爾伯特的父親稱它為指南針，阿爾伯特稱它為一個謎。無論他怎樣移動羅盤，指針總是指向北方)”可知，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是在說明阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦對手里這個東西的看法：好像手上有魔法。故C選項“這個五歲的孩子盯著他的手，好像手上有魔法”符合語境，故選C。2．根據(jù)上文“Puzzledandattracted,Albertlistenedtohisfatherexplainmagnetism,thestrangeforcethatmadethecompassneedlepointnorth.(阿爾伯特既迷惑又被吸引，他聽父親解釋磁力——使指南針指針指向北方的奇特力量)”后文“Tomanychildrenthecompasswouldhavebeenjustanothertoy.ToAlbertthecompasswasamiraclehewouldneverforget.(對許多孩子來說，指南針只是另一個玩具。對阿爾伯特來說，指南針是他永遠不會忘記的奇跡)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出雖然父親解釋了其中的原理，但阿爾伯特仍然覺得很神奇。故G選項“但是他所說的一切都沒有減少這種無形的力量的神秘和奇妙”符合語境，故選G。3．根據(jù)后文“BornonMarch14,1879,Alberthadn’tlookedlikeotherbabies.Asshecradledhernew-soninherarms,PaulineEinsteinthoughtthebackofhisheadlookedstrange.(阿爾伯特出生于1879年3月14日，他和其他嬰兒不一樣。當(dāng)波琳·愛因斯坦把她剛出生的兒子抱在懷里時，她覺得他的后腦勺看起來很奇怪)”可知，本句旨在說明阿爾伯特和別的孩子不一樣，B選項Alberthadalwaysbeendifferentfromotherchildren對應(yīng)后文Alberthadn’tlookedlikeotherbabies，故B選項“阿爾伯特一直和別的孩子不一樣”符合語境，故選B。4．根據(jù)上文“WhenAlbertwasone,hisfamilymovedtoMunich,wherehissister,Maja,wasbornayearlater.(阿爾伯特一歲的時候。他的家人搬到了慕尼黑，一年后他的妹妹Maja在那兒出生)”以及后文“Wherewerethebaby’swheels?(嬰兒的輪子在哪里？)”可知，本句是在說明阿爾伯特對嬰兒的迷惑，故E選項“阿爾伯特低頭看著襁褓中熟睡的小嬰兒，感到迷惑不解”符合語境，故選E。5．根據(jù)上文“WhenhewenthikingwithhisparentsandMaja,hethoughtabouthisfather’scompassandwhatithadrevealedtohim.Theclear,opengrasslandswerefilledwithmorethanthewindorthepleasantsmellofflowers.(當(dāng)他與父母和Maja一起去徒步旅行時，他想到了父親的指南針，以及它給他揭示的東西。清新開闊的草原上，充滿了風(fēng)和花香)”可知，本句承接上文說明上文提到的這些事物對阿爾伯特的影響，A選項中they指代上文grasslands和thewindorthepleasantsmellofflowers。故A選項“它們也充滿了吸引力”符合語境，故選A。6．C

7．G

8．B

9．D

10．F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。成功絕非偶然，一定是一些特別的品質(zhì)和性格才造就了那么多的偉人和成功人士。學(xué)習(xí)本文，讓我們一起來欣賞這些成功科學(xué)家們的性格特點吧。6．C選項“它還將科學(xué)家定義為使用科學(xué)方法的人?！背薪由衔摹癟hedictionarydefinesascientistasapersonhavingprofessionalknowledgeononeormoresciences,especiallynaturalscienceorphysicalscience.(字典將科學(xué)家定義為在一門或多門科學(xué)，特別是自然科學(xué)或物理科學(xué)方面具有專業(yè)知識的人)”講字典對科學(xué)家這一名詞的解釋和理解，故選C項。7．G選項“如果科學(xué)家沒有發(fā)問甚至好奇的動力，就永遠無法進入科學(xué)過程的第一階段?！背薪有?biāo)題“Curiosity(好奇心)”和上文“Anexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.(一個優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家必須對事物非常好奇)”講科學(xué)家要具備的一個特征就是有好奇心，故選G項。8．B選項“很少有工作比這一項需要更長時間?！背薪有?biāo)題“Patience(耐心)”和上文“Becomingascientisttakesalongtime.(成為一名科學(xué)家需要很長時間)”講成為科學(xué)家時間很長，需要一定的耐心，故選B項。9．D選項“科學(xué)家必須誠實地報告研究結(jié)果，而不考慮個人利益或公眾輿論?！焙拖挛摹癝tickingtoanoldbeliefcontradictedwithevidenceisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn’tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.(堅持與證據(jù)相矛盾的舊信念是不誠實的。然而，沒有強有力的證據(jù)，這種信念不應(yīng)該改變)”一起表明科學(xué)家要誠實，堅持真理，這是科學(xué)家特征“Ethical(道德的)qualities(道德素質(zhì))”的體現(xiàn)，故選D項。10．由小標(biāo)題“Workinghabits(工作習(xí)慣)”可知，下面一段主要談到工作習(xí)慣，且下文“He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat’sneededandalsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.(他/她可以單獨或在團隊中很好地工作，這取決于需要什么，還需要在紙上和口頭上交流想法)”就是在講科學(xué)家的工作習(xí)慣，F(xiàn)選項“一個優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家甚至?xí)浵伦钗⑿〉挠^察結(jié)果并牢記在心?！币彩且环N工作習(xí)慣和方式。故選F項。11．D

12．A

13．G

14．B

15．F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了愛因斯坦個人的一些偉大之處。11．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空缺乏一個從句。D選項“當(dāng)愛因斯坦開始在美國工作時”用When引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表明下文“someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded(有人問他需要什么)”事情發(fā)生的時間點，引出下文“Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandpencil.(他說他需要一張桌子，一些紙和鉛筆)”講工作需要的工具。故選D項。12．該空為小標(biāo)題，起總結(jié)段落作用。由下文“Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.(許多孩子寫信要求他幫他們做作業(yè)。一天，他寫信給一個年輕女孩，告訴她不要擔(dān)心她的數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)，因為他認為數(shù)學(xué)也很難)”可知，下文講最偉大的科學(xué)家愛因斯坦也認為數(shù)學(xué)也很難，說明他謙虛的品質(zhì)，承接下文，A選項“愛因斯坦也很謙虛”是最佳小標(biāo)題。故選A項。13．由小標(biāo)題“Einsteinconsideredtimetobeimportant(愛因斯坦認為時間很重要)”和上文“Heneverworesocksbecausehethoughtputtingonsockswasawasteoftimeaspeoplealreadyworeshoes.Healsothoughtrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.(他從不穿襪子，因為人們已經(jīng)穿鞋子了，所以他認為穿襪子是浪費時間。他還認為，記住書本上的東西是不值得的)”可知，上文用具體事例講明愛因斯坦不會做浪費時間的一些事，表明他注重時間的重要性，G選項“這就是為什么他從不記得自己的電話號碼”承接上文舉出另一個愛因斯坦看重時間的例子，也講明愛因斯坦為什么會這樣做。故選G項。14．由小標(biāo)題“Einsteinlikedtojoketoo(愛因斯坦也喜歡開玩笑)”和“Inoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent.(在一次考試中，一個學(xué)生問愛因斯坦為什么所有的問題都和去年的一樣。愛因斯坦回答的問題都一樣，但答案不同)”可知，B選項“他是一個多么幽默的人啊”承接上文講愛因斯坦擁有幽默感。故選B項。15．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空缺乏一個從句。由上文“WhenEinsteinwasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.(愛因斯坦小時候，老師們常說他不聰明。然而，愛因斯坦一直在努力工作，他的成就令世界驚訝)”可知，愛因斯坦被老師說不聰明，也沒有放棄努力工作，可見永遠不要遇到問題就放棄、氣餒，承接上文，F(xiàn)選項“如果我們遇到問題時想放棄”用If引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表明下文“weshouldthinkofhim(我們應(yīng)該想想他)”事情發(fā)生的條件。故選F項。16．D

17．E

18．F

19．C

20．B【分析】本文屬于說明文，介紹CarmineGallo列舉了喬布斯面對困境，卻依然成功的四個秘訣。16．上一句“CarmineGallo列舉了喬布斯面對困境，卻依然成功的四個秘訣”.D選項，“你也可以從這四方面做到”切題，該選項中的“thesame”與上文“fourways”對應(yīng)，故選D。17．本段的小標(biāo)題就是建議人們做自己喜歡的東西，而下一句RachaelRay喜歡做飯，因此她免費教人們做飯，故選E。18．根據(jù)后一句“在喬布斯后來的日子，每天只穿同一款式的衣服，為了不必考慮穿什么”可以得出本段的大概意思，喬布斯生活過的簡單，故選F。19．上句“當(dāng)你走進蘋果商店時，你遇見的不是收銀員”，而C選項“相反，你會遇見迎賓員”與上一句形成對比關(guān)系，說明蘋果商店的不一樣，故選C。20．本段主要闡述喬布斯的觀點，無論是高科技產(chǎn)品還是賣披薩之類的生活用品，都應(yīng)該創(chuàng)新，給顧客提供新的體驗，故選B。21．F

22．E

23．B

24．D

25．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要描寫了著名的物理學(xué)家史蒂芬·霍金的一些有趣的事情。21．根據(jù)上文“Evenifyoudon’tkeepacloseeyeonnewdevelopmentsinphysics,you’veprobablyheardofthefamousphysicistStephenHawking.(即使你不密切關(guān)注物理學(xué)的新發(fā)展，你也可能聽說過著名的物理學(xué)家史蒂芬·霍金)”可知，上文提及我們很可能聽說過著名物理學(xué)家霍金。再結(jié)合文章的標(biāo)題“ThingsYouDidn’tKnowAboutStephenHawking(關(guān)于史蒂芬·霍金，你不知道的事情)”可推斷出，設(shè)空處是要引出話題，F(xiàn)項“然而，關(guān)于他很多事有趣的事情我們可能并不知道”緊承上文進行論述。故選F。22．根據(jù)上文“Thesedays,weknowHawkingasabrilliantmindwhosetheoriesaredifficultforanonscientificmindtograsp.ThisiswhyitmaycomeasashocktolearnthatHawkingwasaslackerwhenitcametohisschoolstudies.(如今，我們知道霍金是一個才華橫溢的人，他的理論對于一個非科學(xué)的人來說是很難掌握的。這就是為什么當(dāng)?shù)弥艚鹪趯W(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)時是個懶鬼時，人們可能會感到震驚)”可知，接下來文章要講述霍金讓人感到驚訝的事。結(jié)合后文“Withalittlemoreeffort,hebroughtthosegradesuptoaboutaverage,butnotmuchbetter.(再努力一點，他就把這些成績提高到了平均水平，但并沒有好多少)”可知，即使霍金付出很多努力，他的成績?nèi)匀徊惶?，由此可知，E項“事實上，當(dāng)霍金9歲時，他是班里成績最差的學(xué)生之一”引起對下文的論述，符合語境。故選E。23．根據(jù)上文“StephenHawkingtookalikingtomathematicsfromanearlyage,andhewouldhavelikedtohavemajoredinit.(史蒂芬·霍金從小就喜歡數(shù)學(xué)，他本想主修數(shù)學(xué))”可知，霍金小時候喜歡數(shù)學(xué)，而且本來想學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)的。再結(jié)合后文“HehopedStephenwouldinsteadstudymedicine.(他希望斯蒂芬改學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué))”可知，家人與霍金意見不一致。B項“然而他的父親弗蘭克有不同的觀點”符合語境。故選B。24．根據(jù)上文“Hehassaidthathefoundittobe“tooinexact,toodescriptive(敘述的)””（他說，他發(fā)現(xiàn)它“太不精確，太具有描述性”）可知，霍金認為生物太不精確。由此可知，他想學(xué)習(xí)更加精確的專業(yè)。由此可知，D項“他寧愿在那些更為精確的概念上下功夫”符合語境。故選D。25．根據(jù)后文“That’swhyhechosetostudyuniverse.(這就是他選擇研究宇宙的原因)”可知，霍金選擇了研究宇宙。由此可推斷，設(shè)空處講霍金選擇研究宇宙的原因。由此可知，C項“事實，也把重點放在更大的問題上”符合語境。故選C。26．B

27．A

28．F

29．E

30．G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了天文學(xué)家塞西莉亞·佩恩。她年輕時進入劍橋大學(xué)紐納姆學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)物理學(xué)、化學(xué)和植物學(xué)。后來因為她聽了阿瑟·愛丁頓的廣義相對論演講，激起對天文的興趣。后來她在天文學(xué)上取得了較大成就，第一個提出首次提出恒星主要由氫和氦所組成。26．根據(jù)上文“Sheshowedagreattalentformusic.(她表現(xiàn)出極大的音樂天賦。)”可知，她應(yīng)在音樂上有所成就。而選項B“Shewouldlatergoontobecomeaskilledpianist.(她后來成為了一名嫻熟的鋼琴家)”與上文一致。故選B。27．根據(jù)下文“AfteronelecturegivenbyArthurEddingtononthegeneraltheoryofrelativity,Paynelostsleepthinkingaboutitsmeaning.(在聽了阿瑟·愛丁頓關(guān)于廣義相對論的講座后，佩恩因為思考它的意義而失眠。)”可知，她開始對物理感興趣。而選項A“Itwasherethatshemetthesuperstarsofphysics.(正是在這里，她遇到了物理學(xué)的大師。)”與下文一致。故選A。28．根據(jù)下文“ShewenttheretoworkwithHarlowShapleyandPrinceton’sHenryNorrisRussell,twoofthemostnotableresearchersinherfieldatthetime.(她去那里與哈洛·沙普利和普林斯頓大學(xué)的亨利·諾里斯·拉塞爾合作，他們是當(dāng)時她所在領(lǐng)域最著名的兩位研究人員。)”以及最后一段“PayneremainedatHarvardfortherestofheracademiccareerandgrewintoahugesuccessstory.(佩恩在哈佛度過了她余下的學(xué)術(shù)生涯，并成長為一個成功人士。)”可知，佩恩是去了哈佛大學(xué)。選項F“AftercompletingherstudiesintheUK,PaynesetsailforHarvard.(在英國完成學(xué)業(yè)后，佩恩前往哈佛大學(xué)求學(xué)。)”正是說她去了哈佛大學(xué)。故選F。29．根據(jù)下文“HereachedthesameconclusionasPaynebydifferentmeans.(他以不同的方式得出了與佩恩相同的結(jié)論。)”可推斷出，佩恩的結(jié)論是正確的。選項E“However,Russellstatedh