BEC中級(jí)第二輯閱讀真題及答案詳解

1thecontactbetweencoachandemployeenotsolvingalldifficultiesatwork

2thediscussionofhowcertainsituationscouldbebetterhandlediftheyoccuragain

3acoachencouraginganemployeetoapplywhathasbeentaughttoroutineworksituations

4coachingprovidingnewinteresttoindividualswhoareunhappyintheircurrentpositions

5coachingprovidingasupportiveenvironmenttodiscussperformance

6employeesbeingaskedtoanalysethemselvesandpractisegreaterself-awareness

7coachingenablingacompanytorespondrapidlytoalackofexpertiseinacertainarea

Coaching

A

Coachinginvolvestwoormorepeoplesittingdowntogethertotalkthroughissuesthathavecome

uprecentlyatwork,andanalysinghowtheyweremanagedandhowtheymightbedealtwith

moreeffectivelyonsubsequentoccasions.Coachingthustransfersskillsandinformationfromone

persontoanotherinanon-the-jobsituationsothattheworkexperienceofthecoachisusedto

adviseandguidetheindividualbeingcoached.Italsoallowssuccessesandfailurestobe

evaluatedinanon-threateningatmosphere.

B

Coachingmeansinfluencingthelearner'spersonaldevelopment,forexamplehisorherconfidence

andambition.Itcantakeplaceanytimeduringanindividual'scareer.Coachingisintendedto

assistindividualstofunctionmoreeffectively,anditisapowerfullearningmodel.Itbeginswhere

skills-basedtrainingends,andhelpsindividualstouseformallylearntknowledgeinday-to-day

workandmanagementsituations.Individualsbeingcoachedareinademandingsituationwith

theircoach,whichrequiresthemtoconsidertheirownbehaviourandquestiontheirreasonsfor

doingthings.

C

Thecoachprofessionallyassiststhecareerdevelopmentofanotherindividual,outsidethenormal

manager/subordinaterelationship.Intheory,thecoachingrelationshipshouldprovideanswersto

everyproblem,butinpracticeitfallsshortofthis.However,itcanprovideaspacefordiscussion

andfeedbackontopicssuchaspeoplemanagementandskills,behaviourpatterns,

confidence-buildingandtimemanagement.Throughcoaching,anorganisationcanmeetskills

shortages,discusstargetsandindicatehowemployeesshoulddealwithchallengingsituations,all

atshortnotice.

D

Effectivecoachesareusuallythosewhogetsatisfactionfromthesuccessofothersandwhogive

timetothecoachingrole.Givingpeoplecoachingresponsibilitiescansupporttheirdevelopment,

eitherbyencouragingmanagementpotentialthroughsmall-scaleone-to-oneassignments,orby

providingaddedjobsatisfactiontomanagerswhofeeltheyarestuckintheirpresentjobs.Acoach

isalsoaconfidentialadviser,accustomedtodevelopingpositiveandeffectiveapproachesto

complexmanagement,organisationalandchangeproblems.

這篇文章講的是培訓(xùn)（coaching）的作用。培訓(xùn)對(duì)一個(gè)公司的發(fā)展和員工的成長都是至

關(guān)重要的。文章的內(nèi)容比較泛，但是題目的答案比較明顯。

第一題，教練和員工之間的接觸不能解決工作中的全部困難。答案是C段的這么一句：

Intheory,thecoachingrelationshipshouldprovideanswerstoeveryproblem,butinpracticeit

fallsshortofthis.理論上，培訓(xùn)可以供應(yīng)全部問題的答案。但是實(shí)踐中達(dá)不到這樣。Fallshort

of是關(guān)鍵詞。

其次題，探討某些狀況假如再度出現(xiàn)的話怎么樣可以處理的更好。答案是A段的這么

——句：analysinghowtheyweremanagedandhowtheymightbedealtwithmoreeffectivelyon

subsequentoccasions.分析應(yīng)當(dāng)如何進(jìn)行處理并且在接下來的狀況下怎樣可以處理的更有效。

這里的dealtwithmoreeffectively對(duì)應(yīng)于題干中的betterhandled,onsubsequentoccasions.也

就是occuragaino

第三題，教練激勵(lì)員工將所學(xué)應(yīng)用到日常的工作中。答案是B段的這么一句：helps

individualstouseformallylearntknowledgeinday-to-dayworkandmanagementsituations.幫助

個(gè)人將學(xué)到的正式學(xué)問用在日常工作和管理狀況下。這里的day-to-dayworkandmanagement

situations就是題干中的routineworksituations,whathasbeentaught也就是formallylearnt

knowledge。

第四題，培訓(xùn)為在現(xiàn)有崗位上不興奮的個(gè)人供應(yīng)了新的愛好。答案是D段的這么一句：

providingaddedjobsatisfactiontomanagerswhofeeltheyarestuckintheirpresentjobso對(duì)感覺

自己在現(xiàn)有崗位上受困的經(jīng)理們供應(yīng)附加的工作滿意感。這里的stuckintheirpresentjobs就

是題干中的unhappyintheircurrentposition,addedjobsatisfaction可以對(duì)應(yīng)于題干中的new

interesto

第五題，培訓(xùn)供應(yīng)了一個(gè)有力的、支持性的探討工作表現(xiàn)的環(huán)境。答案是A段的：Italso

allowssuccessesandfailurestobeevaluatedinanon-threateningatmosphere.它允許成功和失敗

在一個(gè)沒有威逼的氣氛下被評(píng)估。成功和失敗也就是performance,supportiveenvironment

可以對(duì)應(yīng)于non-threateningatmosphereo

第六題，員工被要求分析他們自己并且培育出更強(qiáng)的自知。有必要理解下self-awareness

的含義，不能簡潔的從中文理解成自我意識(shí)，看英文說明：knowledgeandunderstandingof

yourselfo所以答案是B段的這么一句：requiresthemtoconsidertheirownbehaviourand

questiontheirreasonsfordoingthings.要求他們考慮自己的行為并且思索這么做的理由。

considertheirownbehaviour可以對(duì)應(yīng)于題干中的analysethemselves,思索這么做的理由也是

為了進(jìn)一步增進(jìn)對(duì)自己的相識(shí)。

第七題，培訓(xùn)可以使得公司對(duì)某個(gè)領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)缺失快速做出反應(yīng)。答案是C段的最終

——句：indicatehowemployeesshoulddealwithchallengingsituations,allatshortnotice.指出員

工怎樣處理有挑戰(zhàn)性的狀況，在短時(shí)間內(nèi)。Atshortnotice是一接到通知就，短時(shí)間內(nèi)的意

思，可以對(duì)應(yīng)這一題的respondrapidly,challengingsituations可以指代題干中的alackof

expertiseinacertainarea.

BUFFETZONE

LucyRobertsonstartedworkingatatakeawayfoodbusinesstosupplementherincomeduringher

studentdaysatEdinburghUniversity,Severalyearslatershehadboughtthebusinessandnow,17

yearson,sheownsGrapevineCaterers,probablyScotland'sleadingindependentcaterers,witha

turnoverofalmost￡6m.

Shehadneverplannedtoownabusiness,andhadcertainlyneverconsideredacareerincatering.

(0)........However,herunplannedcareerbeganin1985,whenshereturnedtoEdinburghand

discoveredthatthetakeawayshehadworkedinwasupforsale.Onimpulse,sheboughtit,but

admitsthatatthetimesheknewnothingaboutcatering.(8)........Itwasadifficulttime,but

essentialintermsofgainingtheexperiencesheneeded.Thelate1980sboomwasgoodfor

business,withlargenumbersofofficeworkerswantingtakeawayfoodfortheirlunches.

(9).......'Atonepointtherewere26foodoutletswithina5-kilometreradius,'Robertsonrecalls.As

theeconomychangedandtheoncepackedofficeblocksstartedtobecomevacant,itbecameclear

thatRobertsonwouldneedtodiversify.(10).......Itchangedthedirectionofthecompanyforgood.

AsRobertsonbegantowincateringcontracts,shedecidedthatthecompanywouldhavetomove

tolargerpremises.In1994,themovewasmadewhensheboughtanothercateringbusinessthat

alreadyhadanumberofprofitablecontractsforboardroomlunches.

Meanwhile,Robertson'smaincompetitor,theoldestcateringcompanyinEdinburgh,wascausing

hersomeanxiety.'Customerloyaltyisnottobeunderestimated/shewarns.ButRobertsonisnot

someonewhoiseasilyputoff.(ll).......Partlyasaresultofthis,turnoverdoubled,andhaving

outgrownanothersite,Robertsonboughtacity-centrelocationforthegroup'sheadquarters.

Bynow,Grapevine'smaincompetitorwasanewcateringcompanycalledTowngates.Although

RobertsontriedtoraiseenoughmoneytobuyTowngates,shedidnotsucceed.Thenluck

intervenedandIbwngateswentbankrupt.(12).......Manyacceptedandthecompany'sturnover

wentfrom￡700,000to￡1.5millionalmostovernight.

However,thecompany'sgrowthwasnotassmoothasitsoundsinretrospect.Robertsonadmits,

*Wewereclosetotheedgeduringthegrowthperiod.Likemanyunder-capitalisedcompanies

tryingtogrow,itmighteasilyhavecollapsed.'Butthat,shefeels,isthechallengeofdeveloping

yourownbusiness.

AButthereareplentyofsimilarcontractstobewonintheeastofScotlandbeforeRobertsonturns

herattentionelsewhere.

BHerwayroundthisparticularproblemwastorecruitthecateringmanageroftherivalcompany.

CButthisdemandwasshort-lived,andbeforelong,increasingcompetitionmadeitharderto

makeaprofit.

D'Itwasadramaticlearningcurveandverysmallamountsofmoneywereearnedatfirst,'says

Robertson.

EShedecidedthatthesolution,sincemanycompaniesrequiredworkinglunchesformeetings

withclients,wastoprepareanddelivermealstobusinesspremises.

FOnhearingthis,Robertsonimmediatelycontactedalloftheirclientsandofferedtheservicesof

GrapevineCaterers.

GInstead,shestudiedaccountancyafterleavinguniversity,andasteadyifunspectacular

professionalpathseemedset.

《BuffetZone》，自助餐區(qū)域，在這篇文章里的意思應(yīng)當(dāng)是自助餐領(lǐng)域，講的是一個(gè)在自

助餐領(lǐng)域取得了驚人成果的杰出女性創(chuàng)業(yè)的故事。這套題目不難，尤其比起第四輯的題目。

文章本身有很清晰的故事發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，選項(xiàng)和原文的對(duì)應(yīng)也比較明顯。文章的幾個(gè)段落是依據(jù)

時(shí)間先后、故事發(fā)生的先后進(jìn)行的，很明確。第一段是總括，其次段是講的創(chuàng)業(yè)起步階段的

一些困難以及應(yīng)對(duì)困難的對(duì)策，第三段是公司好轉(zhuǎn)后的辦公室重置(relocation),第四、五

段是公司的競爭狀況，最終一段總結(jié)。

第八題，前面說一時(shí)沖動(dòng)她買下了這個(gè)外賣餐館(takeaway),事實(shí)上那個(gè)時(shí)候她對(duì)餐

飲業(yè)一竅不通?？崭窈竺嬲f的是這段時(shí)間很困難，但是對(duì)獲得所須要的閱歷卻是很有必要的。

所以第八題的空格部分應(yīng)當(dāng)填入跟學(xué)習(xí)、積累閱歷有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。D選型最吻合，Itwasa

dramaticlearningcurve，這里的learning是關(guān)鍵詞,很明顯的答案信號(hào)。還有verysmallamounts

ofmoneywereearnedatfirst,atfirst也是關(guān)鍵詞。

第九題，空格前面說largenumbersofofficeworkerswantingtakeawayfoodfortheir

lunches,大量的辦公室員工須要外賣食品做午飯，這里的wanting是個(gè)很關(guān)鍵的詞?？崭窈?/p>

面話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，說曾經(jīng)一度5公里內(nèi)有26家食品商店，但是經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變了，一條街都空了(blocks

startedtobecomevacant).,從上下文來分析，第九空的內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)和辦公室員工的外賣需求有

關(guān)，同時(shí)帶有轉(zhuǎn)折意思。C選項(xiàng)完全符合這一條件：但是這種需求是短暫的，不久，慢慢增

長的競爭使得贏得利潤變得更加困難。

第十題，上文說經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢轉(zhuǎn)變了，所以Robertson確定從事多樣化的經(jīng)營。后面說這種

做法恒久的變更了公司的經(jīng)營方式。所以第十空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入相應(yīng)的對(duì)策，怎么樣來應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)形

勢的轉(zhuǎn)變。符合這一條件的是B和E,都是關(guān)于解決問題的，但是B選項(xiàng)所說的招募競爭

對(duì)手的餐廳經(jīng)理在上下文內(nèi)容中沒有提到。應(yīng)當(dāng)選D,為商業(yè)大廈送飯，正好對(duì)應(yīng)下一段所

說的。

第十一題，這一題才應(yīng)當(dāng)選B,前面說競爭對(duì)手給自己造成了很大的困擾。但是

Robertson卻不是那么簡潔屈服的人。后面說部分緣由是這個(gè)，營業(yè)額翻倍了。所以中間應(yīng)

該也是填入對(duì)策。和競爭對(duì)手有關(guān)的，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)選B,B的particular是個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞,rivalcompany

也很明顯。

第十二題，前面說Robertson想收購一個(gè)競爭對(duì)手，但是沒成功，結(jié)果人家公司自己破

產(chǎn)倒閉了。后面來了一個(gè)manyaccepted,可以看出這中間應(yīng)當(dāng)填入的是人家公司破產(chǎn)后

Robertson的一些舉措。F滿意這一條件：一聽到這些，Robertson立即聯(lián)系他們的客戶并且

供應(yīng)了自己公司的服務(wù)。

1、buffet:amealatwhichpeopleservethemselvesfromatableandthenstandorsit

somewhereelsetoeat自助餐

2、takeaway

a、arestaurantthatcooksandsellsfoodthatyoutakeawayandeatsomewhereelse夕卜賣餐

館

b、amealthatyoubuyatthistypeofrestaurant外賣的飯菜；外賣食物

3、inretrospect:thinkingaboutapasteventorsituation,oftenwithadifferentopinionofit

fromtheoneyouhadatthetime回顧

4、under-capitalised:(aboutabusiness)nothavingenoughmoney(capital)tobeableto

operatenormally,paydebtsandgrow資金不足。

5、Instead,shestudiedaccountancyafterleavinguniversity,andasteadyifunspectacular

professionalpathseemedset.

這個(gè)句子里if的用法比較少見，參見朗文的說明：usedwhenaddingonecriticismofa

personorthingthatyougenerallylike

e.g:Lunchwasagrandifrathernoisyaffair.

所以G選項(xiàng)的意思就是：然而，離開高校后她學(xué)的是會(huì)計(jì)，一個(gè)平淡無奇的職業(yè)道路

似乎已經(jīng)鋪就。

HOWTOMARKETYOURSELF

Wemanageourowncareersnow.Soknowinghowtobrandandpositionyourselfinthemarketas

*Meplc'atdifferentstagesofyourworkinglifeisbecominganincreasinglyvitalskill.Atleast

thatiswhatimageexpertMarySpillanebelieves.'Employmentasweknowitisdecreasing.Jobs

don'texist,workexists.Inthenextdecademostofuswillbesuppliers,notstaff.Wewillhave

clientsnotbosses.Ifyouareunder30,youprobablyknowthatthereisonlyonefirmtojoinfor

life:Meplc.Itpromotesyouandyourpotentialtoothers.'

'We'reworkinginmulti-national,multicultural,multi-corporateteamsandit'simportantto

understandtheimplicationsofthis.Weneedtocreateapersonalbrandthatisunique,but

complementsthebrandofthecorporationweareworkingfor.Youhavetofindawaytodoitso

thatyouarenotjustatypicalemployee,'advisesSpillane.*Youhavetodecidewhatcentralvalues

youwanttoproject,andalsowhatmayneedtoalterfromsituationtosituation.'

ManypeopleonlyrememberMarySpillanefortheyearsshespentrunningacosmeticscompany,

butsheactuallyhasmastersdegreesininformationscienceandpolitics.Sheusedtohidethat

hard-hittingside,butisnoweagertoshowitandforgetaboutcosmetics.'NowthatI'mworkingin

theboardroomsofmajorplcsandglobalcompanies,I'mplayingupmydegreesandmanagement

backgroundsothattheimagesideisseenonlyasanadditiontothevalueside,*saysSpillane.

Somecontractstakelongerthanothers.'TheCitylawfirmsI'mcurrentlyworkingforarereally

difficultbecausetheydon'thaveanyideaofwhattheirbrandshouldbe,andarestillvery

traditionalevenwhentalkingaboutbecomingmodern.I'mshowingthemhowtodoeverything

fromchangingtheirreceptionareas-whichtendtobeveryoff-puttingwiththeirhigh-fronted

receptiondesks-tohowtomakesmalltalkthatislessformalandrigid.Companiesrebrand

themselvesallthetime,spendingmillionsonnewofficeinteriorsandsoon.Butwithoutan

underlyingchangeofattitudes,itcanproveanemptyexercise.1

Shearguesthatforindividualstoo,theremustbemorethanasurfacechange,asrebrandinggoes

deeperthanamerechangeofwardrobe.Beyondadviceonappearance,shetellsclients,'Remind

yourselfofwhatyouareselling:thepersonalvaluesthatcompriseyourbrand.Learntopresent

yourselfinawaythatwillprojectwhatyouwanttodeliver.Lifelonglearningisessential,together

withthesortofdiscoveryandadventurethatpromotepersonalgrowth.Alwayshavean

up-to-the-minuteCVreadytoprintout,refreshingiteveryfewmonthswithyourmostrecent

achievements,justtoremindothersofyourbrandvalue.'

Shebelievesitisessentialthatyouunderstandbothyourpublicselfandyourprivateself,aswell

asyourblindspotsandyourpotential,inordertocreateaneffectivebrand.Thepublicselfisthe

imageyouprojecttotheworld,theprivateselfiswhatyouknowaboutyourselfbutothersdon't,

aridblindspotsarethosethingsthatothersseeaboutyoubutyoucan'tseeforyourself.By

decidingwhatimageyouwantotherpeopletosee,emphasisingmoreofyourprivateselfand

sortingoutafewblindspots,youwillincreasenotonlyyourpotentialtoinfluenceothers,butalso

yourself-esteemandself-confidence.'

13Inthefirstparagraph,MarySpillanesayspeopleshouldlearnhowtomarketthemselves

because

Aitencouragescompaniestogivethemajobforlife.

Binthefutureitwillbeacompanyrequirement.

Cinmanycareersitisbecomingdifficulttosucceed.

Ditwillhelpthemadapttodevelopmentsinthejobmarket.

14Spillanesaysthat,whencreatingapersonalbrand,itisimportantto

Achangethingsdependingonthecircumstances.

Bdecidewhatimagepeoplewouldlikeyoutopresent.

Cmakesurethatcolleaguesfeelateasewithyourimage.

Dfollowtheexampleofsomeoneinthecompanyyouworkfor.

15WhatdowelearnaboutSpillaneinthethirdparagraph?

ASheisembarrassedabouthercareerwithacosmeticscompany.

BShedoesn'tliketalkingaboutheracademicbackground.

CShehasqualificationsmanypeopleareunawareof.

DSheworriesabouthowotherpeopleseeher.

16WhichproblemdoesSpillanerefertowhentalkingaboutthecompaniessheispresently

workingwith?

ATheyfinditdifficulttoacceptherideas.

BTheyareunawareofhowtorebrandthemselves.

CTheydon'twanttospendlargeamountsofmoney.

DTheyareunwillingtomodernisetheirworkenvironment.

17Whenadvisingpeopleonrebrandingthemselves,Spillanetellsthemto

Aattendcoursestogainspecialistskills.

Bupdateregularlytheirwrittenproofofwhattheycando.

Ctryoutdifferentwaysofpresentingthemselvestoothers.

Drememberthatwhattheylooklikeisthemostimportantpoint.

18Spillanesaysthat,inordertorebrandyourselfsuccessfully,itisimportantto

Aaskforotherpeople'sopinionsaboutyourimage.

Bfeelconfidentaboutwhatyouaretryingtoachieve.

Clearnhowtomakeuseofallaspectsofyourcharacter.

Dmodelyourselfonpeoplewithacertainamountofinfluence.

《Howtomarketyourself》，怎樣開發(fā)你自己。這篇文章主要是一個(gè)專家（MarySpillane）

對(duì)個(gè)人在職業(yè)生涯中的一些建議，包括怎么定位、怎樣正確相識(shí)自己等等。很好用很中肯的

一篇文章?？磥磉@國外的專家并不也是夸夸其談之輩啊。

13題，問第一段MarySpillane認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)開發(fā)他們自己的緣由是什么。第一段

里這個(gè)專家認(rèn)為就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)在削減，job不存在了，存在的是work,在將來十年全部人都將成

為才華和實(shí)力的供應(yīng)者（supplier）,而不是員工（staff）,老板將變成自己的客戶。從專家的

這段話可以看出她認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)開發(fā)自己的緣由是適應(yīng)就業(yè)市場的發(fā)展，也就是D答

案所說的。A在原文沒有提到，B的理解有誤，原文說thereisonlyonefirmtojoinforlife:Me

plco生活中只有一個(gè)值得加入的公司：自我公司。這句的意思還是說人們要學(xué)會(huì)開發(fā)自己,

而不是將來有公司須要。C在原文中也沒有提到。

14題，問在創(chuàng)建個(gè)人品牌的時(shí)候，很重要的是什么。答案是其次段的最終一句：Youhave

todecidewhatcentralvaluesyouwanttoproject,andalsowhatmayneedtoalterfromsituation

tosituation.你必需確定自己要建立的中心價(jià)值什么，同時(shí)還有哪些是須要隨著環(huán)境的變更而

變更的。A的表述正確，依據(jù)環(huán)境來變更事情。B不對(duì)，不是說確定人們想要你呈現(xiàn)的形象,

而是自己確定自己想要建立的中心價(jià)值。C、D在原文都沒有提到。

15題，問第三段可以了解到Spillane的什么事。第三段介紹說這個(gè)女人曾經(jīng)經(jīng)營過一家

化妝品公司，但其實(shí)她還擁有信息科學(xué)和政治的碩士學(xué)位。當(dāng)在化妝品公司的時(shí)候她試圖把

學(xué)歷的一面深藏不露，但是現(xiàn)在換了一家公司，她迫不及待的想將這一面給呈現(xiàn)出來。從這

些可以看出這個(gè)女人的思路：須要哪一面就表現(xiàn)哪一面。15題的答案是C：她擁有的素養(yǎng)

很多人都不知道。A不對(duì)，沒有提到尷尬，B不對(duì)，在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候才會(huì)去談?wù)撟约旱膶W(xué)歷背

景，D在原文也沒有提到。

16題，問Spillane指出了現(xiàn)在工作公司的什么問題。答案是第四段的這么一句：theydont

haveanyideaofwhattheirbrandshouldbe,andarestillverytraditionalevenwhentalkingabout

becomingmodern.對(duì)于自己的品牌應(yīng)當(dāng)是怎么樣的他們沒有任何概念，同時(shí)在談到變得現(xiàn)代

時(shí)照舊很傳統(tǒng)。這一段是講這個(gè)公司在轉(zhuǎn)變時(shí)的一些問題，他們投入了巨大的財(cái)力想重新樹

立自己的品牌，但是沒有一個(gè)深層次的看法的轉(zhuǎn)變，是很難有實(shí)效的。答案是B,不知如何

重新樹立自己的品牌。A不對(duì)，沒有說不情愿接受，C不對(duì)，公司投入巨大，D不對(duì)，不是

不情愿現(xiàn)代化，而不知道怎么現(xiàn)代化，說要現(xiàn)代化還是顯得很傳統(tǒng)。

17題，問對(duì)于想要重新樹立自己品牌的個(gè)人，Spillane的建議是什么。答案是第五段的

最終一句.Alwayshaveanup-to-the-minuteCVreadytoprintout,refreshingiteveryfewmonths

withyourmostrecentachievements時(shí)刻要有一個(gè)打算打印的最新的簡歷，每隔幾個(gè)月用你最

新的成果來更新一次?？偨Y(jié)起來就是B選項(xiàng)所說的“固定更新關(guān)于自己能做什么的書面證

明”。

18題，問為了能成功的重新樹立自己的個(gè)人品牌，很重要的是什么。最終一段強(qiáng)調(diào)了

人應(yīng)當(dāng)了解自己的幾個(gè)方面：公我(publicself)、私我(privateself)、盲點(diǎn)和潛力，并且分別

介紹了四種方面的含義。答案是這么一句，須要提煉總結(jié)：Bydecidingwhatimageyouwant

otherpeopletosee,emphasisingmoreofyourprivateselfandsortingoutafewblindspots。更多

的強(qiáng)調(diào)私我，并且選擇出一些盲點(diǎn)?？偨Y(jié)起來就是B所說的：學(xué)會(huì)怎樣全面利用自己性格

的各個(gè)方面。

理解一下D選項(xiàng)一個(gè)詞組的含義：modelyourselfon(after)somebody：totrytobelike

someoneelsebecauseyouadmirethem

這篇文章其實(shí)并不難，但是很有好用價(jià)值。某些地道的商務(wù)英語表述可以用在口語里，

而更具意義的是，這篇文章里提到了一些關(guān)于個(gè)人職業(yè)的建議，很中肯，值得人參考。

1、jobsdon'texist,workexists.Inthenextdecademostofuswillbesuppliers,notstaff.We

willhaveclientsnotbosses.這是一種比較新穎的工作觀，不應(yīng)當(dāng)把自己看做是給老板打

工的。每個(gè)人都是自己的老板，出售自己的才學(xué)和實(shí)力，老板只是自己的客戶。有了這

樣的心態(tài)，人在工作中就會(huì)變得主動(dòng)主動(dòng)。不過有一點(diǎn)，客戶的質(zhì)量確定要好好把握啊

2、Youhavetodecidewhatcentralvaluesyouwanttoproject,andalsowhatmayneedto

alterfromsituationtosituation.樹立屬于自己的品牌，并且相機(jī)而動(dòng)。

3、Remindyourselfofwhatyouareselling:thepersonalvaluesthatcompriseyourbrand.

Learntopresentyourselfinawaythatwillprojectwhatyouwanttodeliver.一個(gè)企業(yè)要想

立足商界須要核心價(jià)值，同樣的，一個(gè)人要立足社會(huì)也須要核心價(jià)值。關(guān)鍵在于你如何

定位自己。找準(zhǔn)了定位，就不會(huì)迷失方向。

Planning

Inanyplanningsystem,fromthesimplestbudgetingtothemostcomplexcorporateplanning,

thereisanannualprocess.Thisispartlyduetothefactthatfirms(19)......theiraccountingona

yearly(20)......,butalsobecausesimilar(21).......oftenoccurinthemarket.

Usually,thelargerthefirm,thelongertheplanningtakes.Buttypically,planningfornextyear

maystartninemonthsormoreinadvance,withvariousstagesofevaluationleadingto(22)......of

thecompleteplanthreemonthsbeforethestartoftheyear.

Planningcontinues,however,throughouttheyear,sincemanagers(23)......progressagainst

targets,whilelookingforwardtothenextyear.Whatishappeningnowwill(24)......the

objectivesandplansforthefuture.

Intoday'sbusinessclimate,asmarketsconstantlychangeandbecomemoredifficultto(25)........,

someanalystsbelievethatlong-termplanningispointless.Insomemarketstheymayberight,as

longascompaniescanbuildthesortofflexibilityintotheir(26)......whichallowsthemto

(27)......toanysuddenchanges.

Mostfirms,however,needtoplanmorethanoneyearaheadinorderto(28)......theirlong-term

goals.Thismayreflectthetimeittakestocommissionandbuildanewproductionplant,or,in

marketing(29)......,itmaybeaquestionofhowlongittakestoresearchandlauncharangeof

newproducts,andreachacertain(30)......inthemarket.If,forexample,itisgoingtotakefive

yearsforaparticularairlinetobecomethe(31)......choiceamongstbusinesstravellersoncertain

routes,theairlinemustplanforthevarious(32)......involved.

Everyone-yearplan,therefore,mustbe(33)......inrelationtolonger-termplans,anditshould

containdiestagesthatarenecessarytoachievethefinalgoals.

19AmakeupBcarryoutCbringaboutDputdown

20AbasisBgroundsCfoundationDstructure

21AdistributionsBguidesCdesignsDpatterns

22AapprovalBpermissionCconsentDdecision

23AvalueBinspectCreviewDsurvey

24AcommandBpromptCinfluenceDpersuade

25AguessBspeculateCreckonDpredict

26AoperationsBtechniquesCmeasuresDexercises

27AanswerBrespondCcounterDreply

28AmoveBleadCdevelopDbenefit

29AexpressionsBdescriptionsCwordsDterms

30AreputationBpositionCsituationDinfluence

31AdesiredBselectedCpreferredDsupposed

32AactsBstepsCmeansDpoints

33AhandedoverBdrawnupCmadeoutDwrittenoff

這篇文章是關(guān)于公司支配的(planning),做支配時(shí)的過程和須要考慮的一些因素。

全文的第一句話說公司做的確定是一個(gè)年度過程(annualprocess)。接下來談到緣由。

19題，makeup是組成、捏造、化妝的意思，用在這里和accounting搭配不上；carryout是

執(zhí)

行(todosomethingthatneedstobeorganizedandplanned)；bringabout是帶來，使發(fā)生(to

makesomethinghappen)；putdown放下，鎮(zhèn)壓。從意思上看，應(yīng)當(dāng)選B,carryouto

事實(shí)上，carryoutaccountingon…..basis是金融英語里專業(yè)且地道的說法。最常見的一

種是carryoutaccountingontheaccrualbasis執(zhí)行權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制。相應(yīng)的，20題選basis,公司

時(shí)在一年的基礎(chǔ)上執(zhí)行會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則的。

21題，這里須要理解上下文的含義。這一整句話照舊是在說明公司進(jìn)行planning的緣由。

正是因?yàn)橄嘞竦哪Ｊ綍?huì)在市場上出現(xiàn)，所以公司才須要進(jìn)行支配。選patterns是最符合原義

的。

22題，很明顯，這里填入的詞是表示批準(zhǔn)、通過之類的，是指年前三個(gè)月完整的支配

就會(huì)被通過。從中文意思上看，A、B、C三個(gè)詞都是符合的。具體看英文說明對(duì)幾個(gè)詞的

用法進(jìn)行區(qū)分。

approval：whenaplan,decision,orpersonisofficiallyaccepted批準(zhǔn),正式的

eg:Thepresidenthasalreadygivenhisapprovaltotheplan.

permission：whensomeoneisofficiallyallowedtodosomething允許，也是正式的

eg:Youmustaskpermissionbeforetakinganyphotographsinsidethechurch.

consent：permissiontodosomething不那么正式的允許

eg:Hetookthecarwithouttheowner'sconsent.

這一題是講的支配被批準(zhǔn)或者通過，所以用approvaL

23題，這里的前后文的意思是支配貫穿全年始終，所以經(jīng)理們須要回顧過去，展望將來。

后面的lookingforwardto是個(gè)答案信號(hào)，相對(duì)應(yīng)的前面應(yīng)當(dāng)選review,依據(jù)目標(biāo)回顧過程。

24題比較簡潔，理解了句子含義不難做出選擇?，F(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情將會(huì)影響將來的目標(biāo)和

支酉己。選influence。

25題，從這個(gè)句子來看，填入的詞是應(yīng)當(dāng)可以干脆和market搭配的。Predictthemarket

是商英里地道常見的用法，市場預(yù)料。

26題，往他們的操作中增加一點(diǎn)靈敏性，這樣可以對(duì)突然發(fā)生的變更做出反應(yīng)。Operation:

theworkoractivitiesdonebyabusinessororganization,ortheprocessofdoingthiswork.

27題，respondto對(duì)???..做出反應(yīng)。

28題，為了開發(fā)公司的長期目標(biāo)，須要一年以上的時(shí)間來支配。從意思和用法上，只能

選擇developo

29題，inmarketterms用市場術(shù)語來說。固定用法。

30題，positioninthemarket,市場上的地位。前面已經(jīng)示意了這里要用市場術(shù)語來表述，

positioninthemarket就是固定表達(dá)(positioningisthatexclusivespaceyourbrandownsinthe

marketplace.It'srelevantandcompellingtoyourcustomers,anddifferentfromyourcompetitors.)

31題，只須要理解preferred的意思：首選的

32題，想讓這個(gè)航空公司成為特定路途上商務(wù)旅客的首選，必需先支配好相關(guān)的步驟。

按步驟來擬定支配，最終才能成功，所以選step。

33題，須要理解四個(gè)詞組的含義。

handover:togivesomethingtosomeonewithyourhand,especiallybecausetheyhaveasked

foritorshouldhaveit.交出

drawup:toprepareawrittendocument,suchasalistorcontract起草(drawup

plans/proposal)

e.g:Hewasaskedtodrawupproposalsforreformingthelaw

makeout:

tobejustabletoseeorhearsomething望見或聽見

tounderstandsomething,especiallythereasonwhysomethinghashappened理解

writeoff:

towritealettertoacompanyororganizationaskingthemtosendyougoodsor

information寫信寄出

todecidethatsomeoneorsomethingisuseless,unimportant,orafailure注銷

toofficiallysaythatadebtnolongerhastobepaid,orofficiallyacceptthatyoucannotget

backmoneyyouhavespentorlost勾銷

1Sometimesitisnecessarytoinsistonfurtherexplanation.

2Youshouldn'tfocusonyourresponsewhileothersarestillspeaking.

3Peoplearereluctanttoadmitthattheydon'tlistenwell.

4Therearebenefitsinseeingthingsfromthespeaker'sperspective.

5Keenobservationofthespeakercansupportourlisteningskills.

6Itisriskytothinkaboutadifferentissuewhilesomeoneisspeaking.

7Peopledonotmindhearingtheirownviewssummarised.

Goodlistener,bettermanager

A

Toooftenweaccuseothersofnotlistening,pretendingthatweourselvesarefaultless,yetinour

heartsweknowthatmanyofthemistakeswemakecomeaboutbecausewehaven'tlistened

carefullyenough.Wegetthingswrongbecausewehaven'tquiteunderstoodwhatsomeonemeant

whentheyweretalkingtous.Anyonewhohasevertakentheminutesofalongmeetingwillknow

howharditistoremember-despitethebenefitofnotes-exactlywhateveryonesaid.Butsuccess

dependsongettingthingsright-andthatmeanslistening.

B

Listeningisnotthesamethingashearing;itisnotaneffortlessactivity.Itdemandsattentionand

concentration.Itmaymeanquizzingthespeakerforadditionalinformationorforclarification-it

isalwaysbettertoaskthantocontinueregardlessandgetthingswrong.However,ifyouallow

yourmindtowanderontosomethingelse,evenforafewminutes,you'llmisswhatthespeakeris

saying-probablyattheverymomentwhenheorsheissayingsomethingcritical.Andnothaving

heard,youwon'tknowyou'vemissedanythinguntilit'stoolate.

C

Themostcommonbadhabitwehaveistostartthinkingofwhatwearegoingtosayaboutthe

subjectlongbeforetheotherspeakerhasfinished.Wethenstoplistening.Evenworse,thisoften

addsrudenesstoinattentiveness,asonceyouhavedecidedwhattosaythereisafairchanceyou

willinterrupttosayit.Goodlistenersdon'tinterrupt.Infactitisoftenworthexplainingthemain

ideaofwhatyouhavejustbeentoldbeforegoingontomakeyourownpoints.Nobodyis

offendedbythisanditshowsthatyouhavelistenedwell.

D

Aboveallbepatientandacceptthatmanypeoplearenotverygoodcommunicators.It'shelpfulto

rememberthatthewayspeoplemoveandpositionthemselveswhiletheyarespeakingcanreveal

agreatdealaboutwhattheyaresaying.Equallyimportantlyyoushouldputyourselfintheother

person*splace,bothintellectuallyandemotiona