2024屆湖南省長沙市高三上學(xué)期1月新高考適應(yīng)性考試英語試卷（解析版）

長沙市2024年新高考適應(yīng)性考試英語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhoisSam?A.Peter’steacher.B.Peter’sfriend.C.Peter’sfather.2.Whyisthewomanleaving?A.Shehasafever.B.Herchildisill.C.Theworkisdone.3.Whichshirtwillthemanprobablybuy?A.Theblueone.B.Thewhiteone.C.Thegreenone.4.Whatwillthemandofirst?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Seeadoctor.C.Goouttolunch.5.Whatdidthewomandoinherchildhood?A.Shemadeaspeechontruth.B.Sheblamedherbrotherwrongly.C.Shethoughthighlyofherparents第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題6.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Sad.B.Excited.C.Tired.7.Howdidthespeakerstravel?A.Byplane.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Intherestaurant.B.Inthehospital.C.Atschool.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Formerschoolmates.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.10.Howlonghasitbeensincethemanlefttheschool?A.12years.B.13years.C.15years.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatarethespeakerslookingat?A.Amap.B.Abook.C.Aphone12.What’sthespeakers’destination?A.Thelake.B.Theforest.C.Therocks.13.Whatdothespeakersdonow?A.Startwalking.B.Viewthefallentree.C.Haveadrink.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?A.Security.B.Flight.C.Prices.15.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atanairport.B.Attherailwaystation.C.Ontheplane.16.Whichmealhasthewomanhadtoday?A.Breakfast.B.Lunch.C.Dinner.17.Whichcountrydothespeakerscomefrom?A.China.B.Britain.C.Canada.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthemostimportantpartofchoosingagoodplayer?A.Watchingthemplay.B.Testingtheirweight.C.Assessingtheirstrength.19.Whatphysicalqualitydoesalinemanhave?A.Heisthesmallest.B.Heisthequickest.C.Heisthestrongest20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.B.Firstimpressioncan’talwaysbetrusted.C.Hethatfallstodaymaybeupagaintomorrow第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ARichincultureandrootedintradition,winterinBudapestherenotonlyfeelslikeafairytale,itlookslikeone,too.HerearefourtopthingstodoinBudapestduringthewinter.●CityParkIceRink(滑冰場)Budapest’sCityParkIceRinkisbyfarthemostfamousskatingdestinationintheregion.SkatersfloodedtotherinkeachwinterbetweenlateNovemberandmidFebruary.Firstopenedin1870,thisicerinkisoneoftheoldestandlargestinEurope.It’sfilledupwithwaterduringthesummermonths.Itservesasaboatinglakefortouristslookingtobikearoundwhilebathinginthesun.●SpasandthermalbathsBudapestisquiterightlynicknamedthe“CityofSpas”.Thebathsofhereareastonishinglybeautiful,whicharefamousfortheirrelaxingandmedicinalbenefitsTakingadipinthefamousbathsduringwinterisanexperiencelikenoother.Jumpingfromoneindoorpooltotheoutsidebathingareaisamemorableandpleasurableexperience.●HungarianStateOperaHouseTheHungarianStateOperaHouseisclosedforrenovations(翻新).However,visitorscanstillseepartsofitvia(通過)guidedtours.TheHungarianStateOperaHouse,whichwascompletedin1884,remainsexactlythesameasthatwhenitwasconstructed.EachyearthousandsofvisitorsarrivedinBudapesttotakeinthesheer(十足的)beautyoftheoperahouse,whiletheluckyonesareabletosecureaticketforashow.●AndrassyAvenueandFashionStreetShoppinginBudapestduringwinterisamagicalexperience.AndrassyAvenueandFashionStreetaretwoofitsmostpopulartouristdestinationsatanytimeofyear.Coveredwiththousandsoflights,thetree-linedavenuecomestolifeduringthewintermonths,offeringupmanyattractions.Theshopshereareusuallyopenfrom10a.m.to9p.m.inthewintermonths.1.WhatdoesCityParkIceRinkactasinsummer?A.Arelaxingpool. B.Aboatinglake.C.Athermalbath. D.Afashionstreet.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinHungarianStateOperaHouseiftheyhaveaticket?A.Enjoyashow. B.Takeaswim.C.Haveaguidedtour. D.Performanopera.3.Whatbringslifetothetree-linedavenueduringthewintermonths?A.Touristcenter. B.Operahouse. C.Lights. D.Shops.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。布達佩斯的冬天美得像童話一樣，文章介紹了布達佩斯冬季必須打卡的四個景點?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Itservesasaboatinglakefortouristslookingtobikearoundwhilebathinginthesun.(它是一個劃船湖，游客們可以一邊騎車一邊曬太陽。)”可知，城市公園溜冰場在夏天是作為一個劃船湖。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“EachyearthousandsofvisitorsarrivedinBudapesttotakeinthesheer(十足的)beautyoftheoperahouse,whiletheluckyonesareabletosecureaticketforashow.(每年都有成千上萬的游客來到布達佩斯欣賞歌劇院的美景，幸運的人還能買到演出的門票。)”可知，如果游客有票，他們可以在匈牙利國家歌劇院看演出。故選A。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Coveredwiththousandsoflights,thetree-linedavenuecomestolifeduringthewintermonths,offeringupmanyattractions.(在冬季的幾個月里，這條綠樹成蔭的大道被成千上萬的燈覆蓋著，變得生機勃勃，提供了許多景點。)”可知，冬日里燈光給這條林蔭大道帶來了生機。故選C。BByteDance’sDouyinhasbeentrialingafooddeliveryservicesinceDecemberasitlookstoexpanditsbusinessbeyondadvertising.Itpotentiallycompetesitselfagainstmajore-commercecompanieslikeAlibabaandMeituan.Andthecompanyisnowconsideringextendingtheservicebeyondthetrial.ADouyinspokespersonsaysthatthecompanyhasbeen“testingafeatureinBeijing,ShanghaiandChengduthatenablesmerchants(商人)topromoteandsell‘group-buying’packagestoDouyinusersintheseselectcitiesandhavethemdelivered”.RestaurantownersoftenlivestreamonDouyintomarkettheirbusiness.Whiledoingthis,theycanofferdiscountsandcoupons(優(yōu)惠券)fortheirfoodtouserswatchingthevideos.Multipleuserscanthenpurchasethatoffermainlyandchooseatimewithintwodaysforthefoodtoarrive.ThemodelisverydifferentfromMeituanandAlibaba’sEle.mewhicharebothon-demandfooddeliveryservices.Thedigitalgianthasapproachedrestaurantownersandfoodenterprisesinthethreecitiestopromotetheirdishesontheapp.Douyinstatesthatthesuccessofthetrialrunwilldeterminewhetherthein-appmealdeliveryservicewillbeexpandedtoothercities.“Wewouldconsiderexpandingthefeaturetomorecitiesinthefuturedependingonthetestingresults.Thereisnodetailedtimelineyet,”aDouyinspokespersonsays.China’sfooddeliveryindustryisdominatedbyMeituanandEle.me.DouyinhasfewerfoodbuyingoptionsthanMeituanandEle.me.ButByteDance’stentative(暫定的)stepsintothemarketsuggestitwantsasliceofthemarket.Majore-commerceplatformsaregettingintothefooddeliverybusiness.OneWeibopostreads,“Moreplatformscouldbeadvantageousforbothfoodbusinessownersandregularconsumers.”Usersthinkthecompetitionwillhelpregisteredvendors(銷售商)andusersbecausecustomerswillhavemoreoptionsandfoodbusinessownerscanusetheplatformthatchargesthelowestservicefee.4.WhatdoesDouyinwanttodo?A.Expanditsmarketintestedcities. B.Getintothefooddeliveryindustry.C.GaincontroloverMeituanandEle.me. D.Livestreamtosellgroup-buyingpackages.5.WhatmaymostattractuserstobuyfoodfromDouyinaccordingtothetext?A.Fastandon-demanddeliverytime. B.Excellentafter-salesserviceC.Wonderfulandeffectivelivestream. D.Shopowners’discountsandcoupons.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Ele.mehaslessfoodchoicesthanDouyin.B.Douyinisexpectingtooccupyitsshareinthemarket.C.Detailedtimelinehasbeenmadebythedigitalcompany.D.OrderedfoodcanbedeliveredbyMeituanwithinaweek.7.What’speople’sattitudetowardsDouyininthelastparagraph?A.Supportive. B.Demanding. C.Intolerant. D.Concerned.【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了字節(jié)跳動旗下的抖音想要進入外賣行業(yè)，文章分析了其優(yōu)勢和特點以及人們對此的看法?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ByteDance’sDouyinhasbeentrialingafooddeliveryservicesinceDecemberasitlookstoexpanditsbusinessbeyondadvertising.Itpotentiallycompetesitselfagainstmajore-commercecompanieslikeAlibabaandMeituan.(字節(jié)跳動旗下的抖音自去年12月以來一直在試用一項送餐服務(wù)，希望將業(yè)務(wù)擴展到廣告之外。它可能會與阿里巴巴和美團等大型電子商務(wù)公司競爭)”可知，抖音想進入外賣行業(yè)。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whiledoingthis,theycanofferdiscountsandcoupons(優(yōu)惠券)fortheirfoodtouserswatchingthevideos.(與此同時，他們可以向觀看視頻的用戶提供食品折扣和優(yōu)惠券)”可知，店主的折扣和優(yōu)惠券最能吸引用戶從抖音購買食品。故選D。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ButByteDance’stentative(暫定的)stepsintothemarketsuggestitwantsasliceofthemarket.(但字節(jié)跳動進入該市場的試探性舉措表明，該公司希望在該市場分一杯羹)”可知，抖音希望占據(jù)市場份額。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“OneWeibopostreads,“Moreplatformscouldbeadvantageousforbothfoodbusinessownersandregularconsumers.”Usersthinkthecompetitionwillhelpregisteredvendors(銷售商)andusersbecausecustomerswillhavemoreoptionsandfoodbusinessownerscanusetheplatformthatchargesthelowestservicefee.(一條微博寫道：“更多的平臺可能對食品企業(yè)主和普通消費者都有利?！庇脩粽J為，競爭將有助于注冊供應(yīng)商和用戶，因為客戶將有更多的選擇，食品企業(yè)主可以使用收費最低的平臺)”可推知，人們對抖音的態(tài)度是支持。故選A。CFortherapidlydecreasingnumberofAmericanswho’veneverheardofpickleball,thelittle-knownpaddleballgameisoneofAmerica’sfastest-growingsports.Inventedin1965bythreemiddle-agedfathersinWashingtonstate,pickleballisanoddcrossamongtennis,ping-pongandbadminton,playedwithapaddleandaperforated(穿孔的)plasticball.ThefoundersaresaidtohavenamedthegameafterafamilydogcalledPickles.Mostofpickleball’scoreplayers—thosewhoplaymorethaneighttimesperyear—areoverage65,butthegameisgettingyounger,withthestrongestgrowthamongplayersunder55,accordingtoUSAPickleball.Butwithsomanynewplayers,theUSisstrugglingtokeepupwiththedemandforcourts.Thecountryhasonlyabout10,000placestoplay,byUSAPickleball’scount,butthatcontinuestogrowbyseveraldozeneverymonth.Pickleballisalsofastbecomingaspectatorsport(觀賞性運動).Itsfirstprofessionaltournament,theProfessionalPickleballAssociation(PPA)Tour,wasformedin2018andtheprofessionalplayersarebeingabletoreallybecomecelebritiesandspotlights.Traditionalbroadcasters’interestinthesportisgrowing.Sofar,pickleballfanscanwatchamateurandprofessionalmatchesonsportsorsocialchannels,mostlyonline.“Theabilityforasporttofindanaudiencequicklyviasocialmediaisunprecedented(前所未有的),”saysBenShields,wholecturesatMIT’sSloanSchoolofManagementandstudiesthesportsindustry.Shieldsaddsthatpickleballstillneedsafamousstartodrawinwideraudiences,ashasbeenthekeytosuccessforothersportsleagues—thatalsostartedwithgrassrootsandunusualnames.“Ithinkifpickleball,initsownhumbleway,cancontinuetogrowitsparticipationandfindwaystomakethesportanappealingfanproduct,whoknows,10,or20years,itcouldbeabigcompetitorintheglobalsportsindustry.”8.Whatdoweknowaboutthepickleballgamefromthetext?A.Itwasnamedafteradog.B.Itwaspopularamongyoungkids.C.It’sacrossbetweentennisandvolleyball.D.Itwasinventedbythreeordinarywomen.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theplayingtime. B.Theformofmatches.C.Thenumberofcourts. D.Theparticipationrate.10.Whichbestdescribes“afamousstar”topickleballaccordingtoBenShields?A.Humble. B.Inflexible. C.Harmful. D.Influential.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheHistoryofPickleball B.TheGrowingPopularityofPickleballC.TheRiseandFallofPickleball D.TheRulesofPlayingPickleball【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。匹克球這項新興運動在美國迅速興起，文章對其進行了介紹?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“ThefoundersaresaidtohavenamedthegameafterafamilydogcalledPickles.(據(jù)說該游戲的創(chuàng)始人是以家里一只名叫Pickles的狗的名字命名的。)”可知，匹克球比賽是以一只狗的名字命名的。故選A。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“Thecountryhasonlyabout10,000placestoplay(這個國家只有大約一萬個比賽場地)”可知，此處是指比賽場地的數(shù)量會繼續(xù)增長，所以that是指比賽場地的數(shù)量。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Shieldsaddsthatpickleballstillneedsafamousstartodrawinwideraudiences,ashasbeenthekeytosuccessforothersportsleagues—thatalsostartedwithgrassrootsandunusualnames.(希爾茲補充說，匹克球仍然需要一個著名的明星來吸引更多的觀眾，這是其他體育聯(lián)盟成功的關(guān)鍵——這些聯(lián)盟也是從草根和不尋常的名字開始的。)”可知，根據(jù)本·希爾茲的說法，“著名明星”對匹克球是很有影響力的。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“FortherapidlydecreasingnumberofAmericanswho’veneverheardofpickleball,thelittle-knownpaddleballgameisoneofAmerica’sfastest-growingsports.(對于那些從未聽說過匹克球的美國人來說，這種鮮為人知的槳球運動是美國發(fā)展最快的運動之一。)”可知，文章主要介紹了一項在美國快速興起的運動——匹克球。故選B。DNothingearnsattentionlikerarity.Inthenaturalworld,rarityismostclearlyrepresentedbythelastmembersofadecliningspecies.Thesescarce(稀有)plantsandanimalsareextremelyvaluable;theyrepresentthefinalhopeforpreventingextinction.Theeffortstowardconservingrarespecieshavemadeanenormousdifference.Inthepastfewdecades,declinesofmanyendangeredplantsandanimalshavebeenreversed(逆轉(zhuǎn)).Buttheattentiontoscarcitycouldcomeattheexpenseofoverlookingtheordinary.Ifwearetoconservenature,wemustmaintainourfocusonthefamiliar.Increasingly,conservationisturningitssightsinthisdirection—tosafeguardwhatiscommon,notjustwhatisrare.Therearegoodreasonstoconsiderthecommon.AstudyofNorthAmericanbirdsuncoveredthatwehavelostthreebillionbirdsonthiscontinentwithinthepasttwogenerations.Thesedeclinesincludespeciesonceconsideredwidespreadandsecure,likethecommonredpoll,whosenumbersaredownby29millionandthecommonnighthawk,downby26million.Theshockinglossesareareminderthatthemarkofaspeciesintroubleisnotrarity,butrateofdecline.Notably,theshiftsinabundanceofcommonspeciescantranslateintosizeableshiftsinecosystemfunctioning.Onecaribouherd(北美馴鹿群),numberinginthehundredsofthousands,removesmillionsofkilogramsoffoodforanimalseveryyearandreturnsnutrientstothesoilintheformofmillionsofkilogramsofanimalwastes.Thevalueofcommonspeciesisnotjustecologicalandeconomic,butpsychological.Studyafterstudydemonstratesthatencounterswiththenaturalworldimproveourmentalstate.Losingfamiliarspecies—whetherbirdsinourbackyardorbutterfliesonourdoorstep—islikelytoshrink(收縮)suchopportunitiesforengagement.Raritywillalwaysoccupyasignificantplaceinconservation.Butinourpursuitforasustainableandbiodiversefuture,wemustavoid“theextinctionofcommonness”.12Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakeasurvey. B.Toofferasuggestion.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Toprovideanexample.13.Whatdoestheexampleofbirdstudysuggestaccordingtothetext?A.Specieslossbalancestheecosystem.B.Birdsproducemanynutrientstothesoil.C.Speciesrateofdeclinearousespeople’sconcern.D.Birdsaredescribedaswidespreadandsecureanimals.14.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Raritymattersmostinconservation.B.Familiarspeciesshouldn’tbeignored.C.Biodiversityresultsintheextinctionofcommonness.DPeople’sphysicalstateshrinksforthesustainabledevelopment.15.Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Ahealthcolumn.C.Abiologymagazine. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章指出了過去幾十年來，對稀有物種的保護努力已經(jīng)取得了巨大成功，同時強調(diào)對普通物種的保護也重視至關(guān)重要。他提到了一項關(guān)于北美鳥類的研究，指出了普通物種數(shù)量的急劇下降，以及這些物種數(shù)量減少對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能的影響。最后，作者強調(diào)了普通物種在心理、生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟上的重要性，并呼吁保護普通物種以實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)和生物多樣化的未來。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段“Nothingearnsattentionlikerarity.Inthenaturalworld,rarityismostclearlyrepresentedbythelastmembersofadecliningspecies.Thesescarce(稀有)plantsandanimalsareextremelyvaluable;theyrepresentthefinalhopeforpreventingextinction.Theeffortstowardconservingrarespecieshavemadeanenormousdifference.Inthepastfewdecades,declinesofmanyendangeredplantsandanimalshavebeenreversed(逆轉(zhuǎn)).Buttheattentiontoscarcitycouldcomeattheexpenseofoverlookingtheordinary.(沒有什么比稀有更吸引人了。在自然界中，稀有最明顯地體現(xiàn)在一個正在衰退的物種的最后成員身上。這些稀有的動植物極其珍貴；它們是防止物種滅絕的最后希望。保護稀有物種的努力已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。在過去的幾十年里，許多瀕危動植物的數(shù)量下降趨勢已經(jīng)逆轉(zhuǎn)。但是，對稀缺性的關(guān)注可能是以忽視普通物種為代價的)”中先肯定了我們對稀有物種的保護和取得的成就，但最后一句“Buttheattentiontoscarcitycouldcomeattheexpenseofoverlookingtheordinary.”把話題由對稀有物種的保護引到普通物種上來，再結(jié)合第二段中“Ifwearetoconservenature,wemustmaintainourfocusonthefamiliar.Increasingly,conservationisturningitssightsinthisdirection—tosafeguardwhatiscommon,notjustwhatisrare.(如果我們要保護自然，我們必須把注意力集中在熟悉的事物上。自然資源保護越來越多地將目光轉(zhuǎn)向這個方向——保護常見的東西，而不僅僅是稀有的東西)”可知，對普通物種的保護才是本文的主題，所以第一段的目的是引入話題。故選C項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Therearegoodreasonstoconsiderthecommon.(我們有充分的理由考慮普通的物種)”和第四段中“Thesedeclinesincludespeciesonceconsideredwidespreadandsecure,likethecommonredpoll,whosenumbersaredownby29millionandthecommonnighthawk,downby26million.Theshockinglossesareareminderthatthemarkofaspeciesintroubleisnotrarity,butrateofdecline.(這些減少的物種包括曾經(jīng)被認為分布廣泛和安全的物種，比如普通的紅背鳥，它們的數(shù)量減少了2900萬只，普通的夜鷹，減少了2600萬只。這些令人震驚的損失提醒我們，瀕危物種的標(biāo)志不是稀有，而是減少的速度)”可推知，對普通鳥類研究的這些例子表明這些物種的減少速度令人震驚，引起了人們的擔(dān)憂。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Notably,theshiftsinabundanceofcommonspeciescantranslateintosizeableshiftsinecosystemfunctioning.(值得注意是，普通物種數(shù)量的變化可以轉(zhuǎn)化為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能的巨大變化)”和第六段中“Thevalueofcommonspeciesisnotjustecologicalandeconomic,butpsychological.(普通物種的價值不僅僅是生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟上的，還有心理上的)”可推知，普通物種有生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟和心理上的價值，不應(yīng)該被忽視。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段“Ifwearetoconservenature,wemustmaintainourfocusonthefamiliar.Increasingly,conservationisturningitssightsinthisdirection—tosafeguardwhatiscommon,notjustwhatisrare.(如果我們要保護自然，我們必須把注意力集中在熟悉的事物上。自然資源保護越來越多地將目光轉(zhuǎn)向這個方向——保護普通的東西，而不僅僅是稀有的東西)”和最后一段中“Raritywillalwaysoccupyasignificantplaceinconservation.Butinourpursuitforasustainableandbiodiversefuture,wemustavoid“theextinctionofcommonness”.(稀有物種總是在保護中占有重要地位。但是，在我們追求可持續(xù)和生物多樣性的未來時，我們必須避免“普通物種的滅絕”)”可推知，本文論述在生物保護中對普通物種的保護的重要性，與生物學(xué)相關(guān)，所以很更能出自生物學(xué)雜志。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Microplasticsarefoundalmosteverywhereinfood,drinkingwater,cosmetics(化妝品),householdproducts.____16____.However,therearestepswecantaketominimizeourmicroplasticintake.AvoidingreheatingtakeawayfoodinplasticboxesAnytimeplasticcontainersareheated,chemicalchangesinthematerialmeanitcanleach(滲入)micro-particlesintoyourfood.Ifyoucan’tavoidthetakeawayboxes,trynottoreheatfoodinthemwhenhavingleftovers.____17____.EmployingaglasswaterbottleinsteadofaplasticoneCanadianresearchfrom2019foundthatbottledwatercontains22timesmoremicroplasticsthantapwater,meaningsomeonewhoonlydrinksbottledwaterwouldtakein130,000moreparticlesayear,comparedto4,000fromtapwater.____18____.Theyalsosuggestfillingitwithwaterthathasgonethroughareverseosmosisfilter(反滲透過濾器)whichcanhelptoremovethemicroplasticsintapwater.____19____Theheatofthecoffeewillencouragetheplastictoleachintoyourdrink.Instead,bringareusableglassormetalcupfortakeawaysorconsiderdrinkingyourcoffeeinacafe.Itisbothenvironmentally-friendlyandgoodforhealth.Stoppingchewingontheendofpens____20____.Putawayorstoppurchasingbabychewingtoysordummies(玩偶)whichareparticularlyharmfulbecausetheygointhemouth.Similarly,aresearcherrecommendsthatadultsstopchewingontheendofpens.A.UsingmetalorglasscoffeecupsB.AvoidingusingplasticmaterialonhotfoodC.Remember:doplacetheminanon-plasticplateD.Expertsrecommendusingaglassbottlewhenyou’reonthegoE.It’salmostimpossibletogetridofplasticfromourmodernlivesF.Whateveryoueat,neverputitinaplasticcontainerconsideringheathG.Expertssuggestlookingatothersourcesofplasticinyourchildren’slives【答案】16.E17.C18.D19.A20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了微塑料無處不在，介紹了一些可以避免微塑料的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Microplasticsarefoundalmosteverywhereinfood,drinkingwater,cosmetics(化妝品),householdproducts.(微塑料在食品、飲用水、化妝品、家用產(chǎn)品中幾乎無處不在。)”可知，上文提到了微塑料無處不在，即想要擺脫塑料是不可能的。故E選項“從我們的現(xiàn)代生活中擺脫塑料幾乎是不可能的?！狈险Z境，故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoucan’tavoidthetakeawayboxes,trynottoreheatfoodinthemwhenhavingleftovers.(如果你不能避免使用外賣盒，那么在吃剩菜的時候盡量不要在里面重新加熱食物。)”可知，上文提到不要在外賣盒里加熱食物，可知本句是說明加熱剩菜的正確做法。故C選項“記?。阂欢ㄒ阉鼈兎旁诜撬芰媳P子里?！狈险Z境，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Canadianresearchfrom2019foundthatbottledwatercontains22timesmoremicroplasticsthantapwater,meaningsomeonewhoonlydrinksbottledwaterwouldtakein130,000moreparticlesayear,comparedto4,000fromtapwater.(加拿大2019年的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，瓶裝水的塑料微粒含量是自來水的22倍，這意味著只喝瓶裝水的人每年會多攝入13萬個塑料微粒，而自來水則多攝入4000個。)”可知，上文提到了瓶裝水會導(dǎo)致攝入微塑料，可知本句是在建議避免攝入微塑料的正確做法。故D選項“專家建議在旅途中使用玻璃瓶?！狈险Z境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Theheatofthecoffeewillencouragetheplastictoleachintoyourdrink.Instead,bringareusableglassormetalcupfortakeawaysorconsiderdrinkingyourcoffeeinacafe.Itisbothenvironmentally-friendlyandgoodforhealth.(咖啡的熱量會促使塑料滲入你的飲料中。相反，帶一個可重復(fù)使用的玻璃或金屬杯，或者考慮在咖啡館喝咖啡。它既環(huán)保又有益健康。)”可知，本段的建議是使用可重復(fù)使用的玻璃或金屬杯，故A選項“使用金屬或玻璃咖啡杯”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Putawayorstoppurchasingbabychewingtoysordummies(玩偶)whichareparticularlyharmfulbecausetheygointhemouth.Similarly,aresearcherrecommendsthatadultsstopchewingontheendofpens.(收起或停止購買嬰兒咀嚼玩具或玩偶，因為它們進入口腔特別有害。同樣，一位研究人員建議成年人不要嚼筆的末端。)”可知，后文提到收起或停止購買嬰兒咀嚼玩具或玩偶，以及成年人不要嚼筆的末端，即要從生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)微塑料的來源，故G選項“專家建議看看孩子生活中的其他塑料來源?！狈险Z境，故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Whenworkinginperson,mostofushaveanaturalunderstandingofnon-verbal(非語言的)signals.Thatistosay,allthewaysinwhichwe____21____workoutwithoutwords.____22____,inthedigitalworkspace,thiskindofcommunicationcanseemless____23____.Manywork____24____nowhappenviaonlinechats,andevenvideomeetingscangoaheadwithcamerasoff.Partsofnon-verbalcommunicationhavealways____25____outsideface-to-faceinteraction,ofcourse.Forexample,theseunnoticeable____26____couldbeginwithaprofilepictureonyourCV(簡歷);evendecidingwhetherornottoaddanemoji(表情圖標(biāo))inaworkgroupchatcanchangethe____27____oftheinteraction.Yetthenewworkplaceshiftinwhereandhowweworkhas____28____theworldofnon-verbalcommunicationgreatly.Forinstance,invideocalls,backgroundscangiveallsortsofnon-verbal____29____aboutco-workers’lifestyles,____30____andlevelofprofessionalism.Let’ssayifaco-workerpositionsthecamerabelowthechin(下巴),____31____otherstolookup,youbegintodislikehimorher,almost____32____.Indeed,datahaveshownthatduringvideocalls,factorslikecameraangles,distancefromthecameraandabilitytomakeeyecontactall____33____howlikeablepeoplearenoticedtobe.Inanewworldwhere____34____workingisrapidlydeveloping,beingwillingtoengagenon-verballymakesit____35____tounderstandothersandtobeunderstood.21.A.unite B.communicate C.recognize D.cooperate22.A.Besides B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore23.A.important B.separable C.adventurous D.flexible24.A.conditions B.conversations C.seats D.paces25.A.survived B.proved C.transformed D.existed26.A.signals B.maps C.journeys D.articles27.A.milestone B.analysis C.feel D.study28.A.quitted B.expanded C.failed D.reduced29.A.information B.change C.application D.concern30.A.meetings B.suggestions C.interests D.videos31.A.inspiring B.forcing C.permitting D.warning32.A.continuously B.willingly C.carefully D.instantly33.A.impact B.accomplish C.report D.harm34.A.diligent B.crazy C.remote D.abstract35.A.easier B.harder C.moretraditional D.moreexciting【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。當(dāng)面工作時，我們大多數(shù)人對非語言信號有一種自然的理解，但是在遠程工作迅速發(fā)展的時代，這種交流似乎不那么重要了，但是愿意以非語言的方式參與會讓你更容易理解別人，也更容易被別人理解?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：也就是說，我們所有的交流方式都是不需要語言的。A.unite團結(jié)；B.communicate交流；C.recognize認出；D.cooperate合作。根據(jù)“Whenworkinginperson(面對面工作時)”可知，此處是指交流的所有方式。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在數(shù)字工作空間中，這種交流似乎不那么重要了。A.Besides此外；B.However然而；C.Otherwise否則；D.Therefore因此。根據(jù)“thiskindofcommunicationcanseemless”可知，此處和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在數(shù)字工作空間中，這種交流似乎不那么重要了。A.important重要的；B.separable可分離的；C.adventurous勇于冒險的，敢于創(chuàng)新的；D.flexible靈活的。根據(jù)后文“andevenvideomeetingscangoaheadwithcamerasoff(甚至視頻會議也可以在關(guān)閉攝像頭的情況下進行)”可知，此處是指在數(shù)字工作空間中這種交流似乎不那么重要了。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，許多工作對話都是通過在線聊天進行的，甚至視頻會議也可以在關(guān)閉攝像頭的情況下進行。A.conditions條件；B.conversations對話；C.seats座位；D.paces節(jié)奏。根據(jù)“viaonlinechats”可知，此處是指許多工作對話。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，部分非語言交流一直存在于面對面的互動之外。A.survived幸存；B.proved證明；C.transformed轉(zhuǎn)變；D.existed存在。根據(jù)“ofcourse”和“Partsofnon-verbalcommunication”可知，此處是指部分非語言交流一直存在于面對面的互動之外。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，這些不引人注意的信號可以從你簡歷上的頭像開始；甚至決定是否在工作組聊天中添加表情符號也會改變互動的感覺。A.signals信號；B.maps地圖；C.journeys旅行；D.articles文章。根據(jù)“Partsofnon-verbalcommunication”可知，此處是指這些不引人注意的信號。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，這些不引人注意的信號可以從你簡歷上的頭像開始；甚至決定是否在工作組聊天中添加表情符號也會改變互動的感覺。A.milestone里程碑；B.analysis分析；C.feel感覺；D.study研究。根據(jù)“whetherornottoaddanemoji(表情圖標(biāo))inaworkgroupchat”可知，此處是指改變互動的感覺。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，新的工作場所在工作地點和工作方式上的轉(zhuǎn)變，極大地擴展了非語言交流的世界。A.quitted停止；B.expanded拓展；C.failed失??；D.reduced減少。根據(jù)yet和前文“Partsofnon-verbalcommunicationhavealwaysexistedoutsideface-to-faceinteraction,ofcourse.”可知，此處是指極大地擴展了非語言交流的世界。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，在視頻通話中，背景可以提供關(guān)于同事的生活方式、興趣和專業(yè)水平的各種非語言信息。A.information信息；B.change改變；C.application申請；D.concern擔(dān)憂。根據(jù)“aboutco-workers’lifestyles”可知，此處是指提供各種非語言信息。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，在視頻通話中，背景可以提供關(guān)于同事的生活方式、興趣和專業(yè)水平的各種非語言信息。A.meetings會議；B.suggestions建議；C.interests興趣；D.videos錄像。根據(jù)“co-workers’lifestyles”和“andlevelofprofessionalism”可知，此處是指關(guān)于同事的生活方式、興趣和專業(yè)水平的各種非語言信息。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：比方說，如果一個同事把鏡頭放在下巴以下，迫使其他人抬頭看，你幾乎立刻就會開始討厭他或她。A.inspiring激勵；B.forcing強迫；C.permitting允許；D.warning警告。根據(jù)“ifaco-workerpositionsthecamerabelowthechin”可知，此處是指迫使其他人抬頭看。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：比方說，如果一個同事把鏡頭放在下巴以下，迫使其他人抬頭看，你幾乎立刻就會開始討厭他或她。A.continuously連續(xù)不斷地；B.willingly愿意地；C.carefully仔細地；D.instantly立即。根據(jù)“youbegintodislikehimorher”可知，此處是指你幾乎立刻就會開始討厭他或她。故選D。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在視頻通話過程中，攝像頭角度、與攝像頭的距離以及眼神交流的能力等因素都會影響人們的受歡迎程度。A.impact影響；B.accomplish成就；C.report報告；D.harm傷害。根據(jù)“factorslikecameraangles,distancefromthecameraandabilitytomakeeyecontactall”可知，此處是指影響人們的受歡迎程