武漢大學考博英語模擬試卷24

武漢大學考博英語模擬試卷24

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

1、Whenyou'redrivingonamotorway,youmustobeythesignstellingyoutogetinto

theright.

A^way

B>track

C、road

D、lane

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題考查對詞義的辨析。從詞義上看，lane表示“車道，航線，小

路”，符合句意，如：buslane（公共汽車專用車道）。此外，其余各項的意思分別

為：”路，路線，路途”；“軌跡，車轍,航跡”;“路，道路，公路，大道”。

2、Atthreethousandfeet,wideplainsbegintoappear,andthereisneveramoment

whensomedistantmountainisnot.

A、onview

B、ataglance

C^onthescene

D^insight

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據(jù)句意可判斷出答案為D。insight表示“可見，看得見，在望，不

遠”,如：Peacewasinsight.（和平在望。）其余三個詞組的意思分別為:“展覽著，

上映著“，“看一眼，馬上''和”出現(xiàn)，登場

3、Itwastheirdecisiontoleavetheircountry,andasaresult,theylosttheir

citizenship.

A、compulsory

B、deliberate

C^carefree

D、modest

標準答案：B

知識點解析：木題空格處是說離開他們的國家是他們深思熟慮的決定。B項

deliberate”深思熟慮的”符合題意，如：takingdeliberateaction（采取謹慎的行動）。其

他三項compulsory”義務的"，carefree“欠考慮的"，modest“謙虛的”都不正確。

4、Shegotveryangryandherclothesaboutintheroom.

A、flung

B>flew

C^clamped

D^clashed

標準答案：A

知識點解析：flung是fling的過去式，拋，擲，扔：flew是fly的過去式，飛翔，

飄揚;clamped夾住,夾緊；clashed猛撞,沖擊。

5、OutsidershavethesuccessofEasternAsia'seconomicswithadmiration,

wondermentandsometimeshostility.

A、gazed

B>glanced

C^contemplated

D、peered

標準答案：c

知識點。析：空格意思是：局外人帶著欽佩、驚嘆，有時甚至是敵意來預測東亞經(jīng)

濟的成功。gazed”盯，凝視"；glanced”掃視，匆匆一看“；contemplated”凝視，沉

思，預期“；peered”凝視,窺視”。

6、Inordertoraisemoney,AuntNicolahadtowithsomeofhermosttreasured

possessions.

A、divide

separate

C、part

D、abandon

標準答案：C

知識點解析：A、B、D均為及物動詞，后不跟介詞。partwith除表示“跟……分手”

外，還指“放棄，喪失，賣掉，辭退”等意。

7、Withitsmaverickapproachtothesubject,ShereHite'sbookhasbeenmorewidely

debatedthanmost.Theirediathroughoutthecountryhavebroughttheauthor's

opinionstothepublic'sattention.

A、controversial

B、authoritative

C^popular

D、conclusive

標準答案：A

知識點解析：（controversial引起爭議的）。句意為：由于探討這一論題的方法與眾

不同，因此，希爾海特的書比大多數(shù)書籍更容易引起廣泛的爭議。該國的媒體已

號召大眾關(guān)注作者容易引起爭議的一些觀點。B.authoritalive有權(quán)威的；

C.popular流行的;D.conclusive結(jié)論性的。

8、Ifyouplanttwoappletreesinonesquareyardofland,andthetrees'productivity

decline.

A、isboundto

isdeterminedto

C、isunlikelyto

D、isrelatedto

標準答案：A

知識點解析：beboundto一定會；bedeterminedto下定決心做某事；beunlikelyto

不大可能,與句子意思不符;berelatedto與...相關(guān)。

9、Thetroubleseemstobethatincometaxisprogressive,sothatthericheryouget,the

lessrichyouarethan.

A、whatyouthinkyououghttobe

whatyouthoughtyououghttobe

C、whatyouthoughtyoushouldbe

D、youthinkyououghttobe

標準答案：B

知識點解析：what既引出than后的比較對象，乂在從句中充當be的表語，thought

表明納稅人原本認為(過去認為)。

10、(Alargecollection)ofcontemporaryphotographs.(including)sometakenhyMary

(are)ondisplay(at)themuseum.

A、Alargecollection

including

C、are

D、at

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

11、Pupilsoftenwanttositnexttotheirparticularfriendandmanyclassroomactivities

involvemovingabout,butevenrelativelysmallalterationscanmaketothevisual

comfortofpupilswithsightdefects.

A、adifference

B、aninterference

C、amodification

D^animpact

標準答案：A

知識點解析：句子意思為：學生們都喜歡和他們自己的朋友坐在一起，而很多課堂

活動都會牽涉到座位的移動，即使較小的移動也會給視力有缺陷的學生帶來

o根據(jù)句子意思，應當用makeadifference,這是一種固定用法，意思為

“有些影響，有關(guān)系”，在原句中指“帶來不便相關(guān)詞組還有makesome

difference(有區(qū)別)，makenodifference(沒有區(qū)另ij)。

12、WithoutBob'stestimony,evidenceofbriberyislackingandinthecasewill

beimpossible.

A、verdict

sentence

C、conviction

D、acquittal

標準答案：C

知識點解析：conviction判有罪，定罪；verdict一般指陪審團的裁決或截斷當事人

是否有罪；senlence宣判，判決，發(fā)生在認定有罪之后；acquillal宣判無罪。

13、Therulesstatedthatanyonewhohadheldofficeforthreeyearswasnotfor

reelection.

A、admirable

B、eligible

C、reliable

D、capable

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、Whensolidchangestoliquid,itheatfromallsubstancesnearitandthis

reducesthetemperaturesurroundingit.

A^takesin

B、takeson

C、takesoff

D^takesdown

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本句意為“固體變成液體時，它要從附近的物質(zhì)中吸收熱量，這將降

低周圍的環(huán)境溫度”。takein接受，吸收；takeon披上,雇用，呈現(xiàn)，流行；take

off拿掉，脫衣，起飛；takedown記下，拆卸，病倒。因此正確答案為A。

15、Intheserviceofknowledge,scientistsalsotrainthemostskilledcomponentofthe

workforcetotheemployers.

A^innocases

B、inacase

C、atnocost

D、atacost

標準答案：C

知識點。析：依據(jù)句義有否定的意思；另外是“不惜任何代價''之意，不指“無論任

何情況下

16、Thereisadirectflightat3:00oraflightat7:30inthemorningthatinLos

Angeles.

A、stopsby

B、stopsin

C、stopsover

D、stopsup

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

17、AMonitor/TIPPpolllastmonthfoundthatyoungpeopleandseniorsheldsimilar

viewswhenaskedtotheimportanceofUSmilitaryactiontoremoveSaddam

Husseinfrompowerinthenextmonths.

A、advocate

foresee

C>supervise

D、gauge

標準答案：D

知識點解析：gauge評價；advocate提倡，鼓吹：foresee預見，預知：supervise監(jiān)

督，管理。

18、Giorgio,nowfifteen,andLucia,alsoinherteens,werereachingtheoftheir

adolescence.

A^crisis

B、criterion

C^causality

D、credibility

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題空格處是說到了他們的青春轉(zhuǎn)折期。A項crisis”決定性時刻，危

機''符合題意。其他三項criterion”（批評判斷的）標準，準據(jù)，規(guī)范"；causality"因果

關(guān)系"；credibility“可信性”都不正確。

19>Thejunglesofthesub-Sahara,afflictedwithtse-tseandmosquitos,isanunhealthy

area.

A>requiringinouulalioiiagainst

B、healedby

C、floodedby

D、plaguedby

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

20IfthenationalpastimecouldbeintegratedJtseemedonlyamatteroftimebeforethe

nation'sschools,playgrounds,buses,andrestaurantscouldalsobeintegrated.

A、recreation

B、discipline

C、tuition

D、regulation

標準答案：A

知識點解析：這句話的意思是：如果把一整合在一起，那么也許學校，操場，公

共汽車以及餐廳的整合只是時間的問題?？梢钥闯?，劃線部分的詞語應與后面的學

校等公共設(shè)施是并列的關(guān)系。在給出的選項中，recreation“消遣，娛樂活動”；

discipline”紀律，訓練，學科"；tuilion"學費"；regulation”法規(guī)，規(guī)章”。只有A項

符合題意。正確答案為A。

21、Kaganmaintainsthataninfant'sreactionstoitsfirststressfulexperiencesarepartof

anaturalprocessofdevelopment,notharbingersofchildhoodunhappinessorsignsof

adolescentanxiety.

A^prophetic

B、normal

C、monotonous

D^virtual

標準答案：A

知識點解析：（prophetic預言性的，預示的）。句意為：卡根堅決認為，嬰兒對最初

的緊張的經(jīng)歷的反應是很自然的發(fā)育階段，而并非預示著兒童時代的不幸，也不預

示著青春期的憂慮。B.noimal正常的；C.monotonous單調(diào)的；D.virtual虛擬

的。

22、Ifyoutakea(n)courselikeheryoucanlearnEnglishinlessthantwoyears.

A、intensive

extensive

C^expansive

D、retentive

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題前半句是說如果你像她一樣選修強化訓練課。A項“intensive力口

強的，密集的“符合題意。如：Intensivecareinhospitalsisgiventotheseriously

ill.(在醫(yī)院里危重病人得到悉心護理/加強護理。)其他三項“extensive廣泛的；

expansive廣闊的,豪華的；retentive有保持力的”都不正確。

23、"Youareveryselfish.It'shightimeyouthatyouarcnotthemostimportant

personintheworld,'1Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.

A、realize

B、haverealized

C、realized

D、shouldrealize

標準答案：C

知識點解析：Ilishigh(dbuul)linic...后面的從句中要求用過去式表示虛擬語氣。

24、Becauseofdifficultiesingettingavisa,thestudentshadtotheideaof

applyingforstudyintheUnitedStates.

A^reduce

B>yield

C、relinquish

D^waver

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

25、Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkablyreportwithinafewhundred

wordsbutwithalltheimportantdetailsincluded.

A^concise

precise

C^brisk

D、elaborate

標準答案：A

知識點解析：(concise簡潔的，簡明的)。句意為:新來的秘書寫了一份相當簡明的

報告，只有幾百個詞，但所有的重要細節(jié)都包括進去了。B.precise精確的，明確

的：C.brisk活潑的，活躍的;D.elaborate精心制作的，復雜的。

26、Hesaidhewasaninsurancesalesman,butlateronshediscoveredhewasa(n)

A、alien

counterpart

C、client

D、fraud

標準答案：D

知識點解析：(fraud騙子)。句意為；他說他是賣保險的，但后來她發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個騙

子。A.alien外僑，外星人；B.counlerpart(職位、性格等方面)相對應的人；

C.client委托人，顧客,

27、Noneoftheseisanendinitself.Theyaretentative,experimental.Theyare

movementsnottowardssomethingdefinitebutawayfromsomethingdefinite.

A、assurance

B、expedients

C、awareness

D、doubts

標準答案：B

知識點解析:B項expedients意為"權(quán)宜之計",如Hethoughtitexpedientnottotell

hiswifewherehehadbeen(他認為不告訴妻子他去過哪里是適宜的)。根據(jù)空格處的

意思“這些都是權(quán)宜之計，根本不是最終目標“，故選B。A項assurance“確信，斷

言，保證，擔?！埃籆項awai5ss”知道，嘵得“；D項duubls"懷疑，疑惑，疑

問”，均不符合題意。

28、FossilsofA(plant)thathaveB(bccnextinct)forC(fiftymillionyears)havebeen

foundinlargedepositsofamberD(near)theBalticSea.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：與后面的havebeenexlinct相搭配，此處的plant應是復數(shù)。

29、Afterfailinghismid-termexams,Jeremywasfacehisparents.

A、tooashamedto

B、tooembarrassingto

C、veryashamedof

D、veryembarrassingto

標準答案：A

知識點解析：各選項的意思是：ashamed慚愧的，羞愧的，常用來修飾人。be

ashamedto(tell)不好意思(說)。embarrassing令人為難的，常用來修飾物。

embarrassingqueslions窘人的發(fā)問。根據(jù)句意可知，應選擇A。

30、Icouldn'tsleepbecausethetapinthebathroomwas.

A、draining

B、dropping

C、spilling

D、dripping

標準答案：D

知識點解析，此題考查的是詞義的辨析v四個選項中，drain意為“排水，流干二

drop意為“落下"；spill意為“溢出，濺出“；drip作為名詞時意為“水滴”,用作動詞

時意為“使滴下本題的句意是，“浴室的水龍頭一直在滴水，使我無法入睡因

此D項正確。

二、閱讀理解(本題共“7題，每題1.0分，共“7

分。)

CalledbymanycriticsthegreatestachievementofEnglishlyricalpoetry,thiselegywas

writtenuponthedeathofafellowalumnusofMilton's,EdwardKing,whowasdrowned

intheIrishSeain1637.AgroupofKing'sformerschoolmatesatCambridgeissueda

commemorativevolumetitledObsequiestotheMemoryofMr.EdwardKing(1638).It

wasinthislimitedpublicationthatLycidasfirstappeared.Heretofore,ofhisgreatpoems

onlyComushadbeenpublished,andthatanonymously.Lycidasisnotanexpressionof

personalgrief(personalgriefwastobeeloquentinMilton'snextimportantpoem,the

LatinEpitaphiumDamonis),butratherarecordofthethoughtsthatKing'sdeathevoked

inthepoet.KinghadwrittenverseshimselfandhadpreparedhimselffortheChurch.

Thesetwofactsofthedeadman'scareerformthebasisforwhatMiltonhadtosay.

Outwardlythepoemiswritteninthetraditionofpastoralpoetry,andmoreparticularlyin

thetraditionofthepastoralelegyasexhibitedintheancientGreekLamentforBionby

Moschus.Thepoetisspokenofasashepherd.ButMiltonintroducestheinnovationof

identifyingtheChristianideaofshepherd(pastor)asmeaningpriest.Inawonderful

fusionofpaganandChristiantradition,Miltonmakeshiselegytheoccasionfora

scathingattackonthecorruptionsoftheclergyinhistime,withparentheticalthrustsof

scornathistrivialcontemporaries,theCavalierpoets.SamuelJohnson,whodislikedall

pastoralpoetry,madetheoneoutstandinglyfoolishjudgmentofhiscareer,indismissing

Lycidasasaworkofan.Hesaidits"dictionisharsh,therhymesuncertain,andthe

numbersunpleasing,"—atestimonyofthefactthatJohnsonwasdeaftotherefinements

ofEnglishpoetryatitssubtlest,forLycidasisanexquisitepieceofmusicfromthefirst

linethroughthelast.Moreover,Johnsonwasupsetattheminglingof"triflingfictions”

with"themostawfulandsacredtruths,suchasoughtnevertobepollutedwithsuch

irreverentcombinations.1'ThatpronouncementcanonlymeanthatJohnsonfailedto

graspthenobleideaatthecenterofthepoem:Milton'sdefinitionofthehighfunctionof

apoet.

31、SamuelJohnsondislikedLycidasbecause.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：塞繆爾?約翰遜厭惡《列西達斯》因為它是一首田園詩。根據(jù)第三段

第一句，塞繆爾?約翰遜厭惡所有的田園詩，他就彌爾頓的生涯作出了十分愚蠢的

判斷，拒絕把《列西達斯》看作是一件藝術(shù)品。

32、Lycidasfirstappeared.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：《列西達斯》首次發(fā)表在一系列紀念性的評論文之中。根據(jù)第一段的

第二句和第三句，愛德華?金昔日在劍橋的一些同學發(fā)行了一本名為《為紀念愛德

華?金先生而舉行的葬禮》的紀念性書籍。《列西達斯》首次刊登在這個容量有限

的出版物當中。

33、LycidasdifferedfromComusinthatit.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：《列西達斯》不同于《科馬斯》，因為它被署名。根據(jù)第一段最后一

句，到目前為止，在彌爾頓所有的杰出詩歌中，惟獨《科馬斯》以匿名的方式發(fā)

表。

34、Lycidasiscalledanelegybecauseit.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：《列西達斯》被稱為挽歌，因為它歌頌死者的名聲。作者在第二段

說，從外表上看，這首詩是按照田園詩的傳統(tǒng)寫成的，而更為特別的是，它是以田

園挽歌的傳統(tǒng)寫成的，田園挽歌的傳統(tǒng)在莫斯查斯用古希臘語所寫的《悼念拜昂》

(LamentforBion)中有所體現(xiàn)。lament有“悼念”的意思，因此可以測猜elegy意為

“挽歌”，是為了歌頌死者的名聲而寫的詩歌。所以，D(praisesthememoryofa

deceasedperson)0

35、Accordingtothispassage,Miltonbelievedthat.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：根據(jù)這篇短文，彌爾頓認為，十七世紀的牧師貪污腐化。彌爾頓巧妙

地將非基督教和基督教的傳統(tǒng)融合在一起，使他的挽歌有機會嚴厲抨擊他那個時代

牧師的貪污腐化，順便譏刺與他同時代的一些淺薄的人——騎士派詩人。

Justiceinsocietymustincludebothafairtrialtotheaccusedandtheselectionofan

appropriatepunishmentforthoseprovenguilty.Becausejusticeisregardedasoneform

ofequality,wefindinitsearlierexpressionstheideaofapunishmentequaltothecrime.

RecordedintheBibleistheexpression"aneyeforaneye,andatoothforatooth."That

is,theindividualwhohasdonewronghascommittedanoffenseagainstsociety.Tomake

repaymentforthisoffense,societymustgetequallybalanced,whichcanbedoneonlyby

imposinganequalinjuryuponhim.Thisconceptionofdeserved-punishmentjusticeis

reflectedinmanypartsofthelegalcodesandproceduresofmoderntimes,whichis

illustratedwhenwcdemandthedeathpenaltyforapersonwhohascommittedmurder.

ThisphilosophyofpunishmentwassupportedbytheGermanidealistHegel,who

believedthatsocietyowedittothecriminaltoputintooperationapunishmentequalto

thecrimehehadcommitted.Thecriminalhadbyhisownactionsdeniedhistrueselfand

itisnecessarytodosomethingthatwilleliminatethisdenialandrestoretheselfthathas

beendenied.TothemurderernothinglessthangivinguphislifewillpayhisdebtThe

demandforthedeathpenaltyisarightthestateowesthecriminalanditshouldnotdeny

himwhathedeserves.Modernjuristshavetriedtoreplacedeserved-punishmentjustice

withthenotionofcorrectivejustice.Ihcaimofthelatterisnottoabandontheconceptof

equalitybuttofindamoreadequatewaytoexpressit.Ittriestopreservetheideaof

equalopportunityforeachindividualtorealizethebestthatisinhim.Thisdoesnotmean

thatcriminalswillescapepunishmentorbequicklyreturnedtotakeupcareersofcrime.

Itmeansthatjusticeistohealtheindividual,notsimplytogetevenwithhim.Therefore,

hisconvictionofcrimemustnotdeprivehimoftheopportunitytomakehiswayinthe

societyofwhichheisapart.

36、AccordingtotheBible,theconceptofequalityinjusticemeans.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

37、Theresultofdeserved-punishmentjusticeis.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

38、Inthesentence:"societyowedittothecriminaltoputintooperationapunishment

equaltothecrimehehadcommitted"theunderlinedpartcanbeinterpretedas:society

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

39、Themaindifferencebetweendeserved-punishmentandcorrectivejusticeis.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

40Comparedwiththeoldjusticeconcept,modernlawasshowninthispassageis

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

ThemilitaryaspectoftheUnitedStatesCivilWarhasalwaysattractedthemostattention

fromscholars.Theroarofgunfire,themassedmovementsofuniformedmen,theshrillof

bugles,andthedramaofhand-to-handcombathavefascinatedstudentsofwarfarefora

century.Behindthelines,however,lifewaslessspectacular.Itwasthestoryofback-

breakinglabortoprovidethefightingmenwithfoodandarms,ofnerve-tingling

uncertaintyaboutthecourseofnationalevents,ofheanbreakoversonsorbrothersor

husbandslostinbattle.Ifthemenonthefiringlinewonthevictories,themeanstothose

victorieswereforgedonthehomefront.Neverinthenation'shistoryhidAmericans

workedharderforvictorythanintheCivilWar.NorthernersandSouthernersalikethrew

themselvesintothetaskcfsupplyingtheirrespectivearmies.Bothgovernmentsmade

tremendousdemandsuponciviliansand,ingeneral,receivedwillingcooperation.By

1863theNorthernwareconomywasrumblingalonginhighgear.Everythingfrom

steamboatstoshovelswasneededandproduced.DeniedSoutherncotton,textilemills

turnedtowoolforblanketsanduniforms.Hidesbythehundredsofthousandswere

turnedintowoolforblanketsanduniforms.Hidesbythehundredsofthousandswere

turnedintoshoesandharnessanddaddies;ironworksmanufacturedlocomotives,

ordnance,armorplate.Whileprivateenterpriselagged,thegovernmentsetupitsown

factoriesorarsenals.Agricultureboomed,withmachinerydoingthejoboffarmworkers

drawnintothearmy.Inshort,everythingthatanationneededtofightamodernwarwas

producedinuncountednumbers.Inevitablytherewereprofiteerswithgold-headedcanes

andflamboyantdiamondstickpins,butforeverycrookedtycoontherewerethousandsof

ordinarycitizenslivingonfixedincomeswhodidtheirbesttocopewithrisingpricesand

stillmadeacontributiontothewareffort.Thosewhocouldboughtwarbonds;others

knitted,sewed,nursed,orlentanyotherassistanceintheirpower.

41、Whichofthefollowingisimpliedbythewriterofthispassage?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

42、Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

43、Theword"tycoon"inthelastparagraphis.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

44、Accordingtothepassage,duringtheCivilWartheSouthnolongerprovidedthe

Northwith

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

Theriseof"temp"workhasfurthermagnifiedthedecreasingrightsandalienationofthe

worker.ItiscommoncorporatePracticetophaseoutfull-timeemployeesandhire

temporaryworkerstotakeonmoreworkloadinlesstime.Whenfacingapressing

deadline,acorporationmaypay$15?$20perhourfbratempworker,butthetemp

workerwillonlysee$7or$8ofthatmoney.Therestgoestotempagency,whichis

usuallyacorporatechain,suchasKellyServices,thatblatantlymakesitsprofitsoffother

people'slabor.Thisincreasesprofitsofthecorporationsbecausetheycanincreasea

workload,getridoftheemployeewhenthey'refinished,andnotworryaboutpaying

benefitsorunemploymentforthatemployee.Ihavehadtoworkwithtempsafewtimes

inmycurrentposition,andtheworkersonlywantonething--afull-timejobwith

benefits.WereallywantedtohireonetempIwasworkingwith,butwecouldnotoffer

herafull-timejobbecauseitwouldhavebeenabreachinourcontractwiththetemp

agencythatemployedher.iohireatempfull-time,wewouldhavehadtopaytheagency

overathousanddollars.Throughthispracticeandpolicy,thetempagencylocksits

temporaryworkersintoahorriblenewformofservitudefromwhichtheworkerscannot

breakfree.Furthermore,corporatepowerspushworkerstotakeonbiggerworkloads,

worklongerhours,andacceptlessbenefitsbyinstillingaparanoiaintheirworkforce.

Thecapitalistbossesassumedishonesty,disloyalty,andlazinessamongstworkers,and

theybreedasenseofguiltandfearthroughtheirassumptions.Whereguiltdoesn'tseep

in,bitterness,anger,anddepressiontakeover,thehighestprioritiesofBigBusinessarc

toincreaseprofitsandlimitliabilities.Personalrelationsandhumanneedsarelaston

theirlistofpriorities.Sowhatweseeisahugemassofpeoplewhoarealienated,

distempered,over-worked,mentallyandphysicallyiiiandwhospendthevastmajority

oftheirtimeandenergyontheirbasicsurvival.Theyaredeniedachancetoreally"love",

becausetheyareforcedtomakeprofitsforthecapitalistsinpower.

45WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbelistedasareasonfbrcorporations,hiringtern

poraryworkersandphasingoutfull-timeemployees?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。第一段第二句提到公司想讓臨時雇員在更少的時間內(nèi)從事更

多的勞動，A符合題意,第一段第五句說明這樣可以增加公司的盈利。因為他們可

以增加雇員的勞動量，在雇員完成工作后解雇他們而不必擔心要為失業(yè)的雇員付

錢，C符合題意。第一段倒數(shù)第一句說要雇一個全職的臨時工，我們得向公司的機

構(gòu)支付一千多美元的費用，D符合題意。B所說內(nèi)容在文章中沒有提到，所以B為

正確答案。

46、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichstatementistrue?

標準答案：D

知識點解析：主旨題。第一段全段意思可歸納為：臨時工很難作為全職工人被雇

傭。A、B、C均不對。

47、Themainpurposeofthelastparagraphisto.

標準答案：c

知識點葡析?：推理題。艱據(jù)第二段全段內(nèi)容可得出結(jié)論，第二段的主要目的是激起

讀者對資本家的仇恨。A、B、D都只是說出了部分內(nèi)容，不能代表整段意思。

48、Theauthor'sattitudetowardthetempworkerscarbedescribedas.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：主旨題?？v觀全文，可以看出作者對臨時雇員的態(tài)度是同情。

amicable“友好的"；depressed"沮喪的”;hostile”敵對的”,均不符合題意。

49>Theword"liabilities"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto.

標準答案：D

知識點解析；詞匯題。本題問“l(fā)iabilities”在最后一段中的意思和下列哪一個最接

近?A在雇請臨時工時所承擔的風險；B對工人所負有的義務；C由臨時雇員分擔

的責任；D給予臨時雇員的關(guān)懷。根據(jù)上下文可以看出“l(fā)iabilities”指的是D。

Warhasescapedthebattlefieldandnowcan,withmodernguidancesystemsonmissiles,

touchvirtuallyeverysquareyardoftheearth'ssurface.Warhasalsolostmostofits

utilityinachievingthetraditionalgoalsofconflict.Controlofterritorycarrieswithiithe

obligationtoprovidesubjectpeoplescertainadministrative,health,education,andother

socialservices.Suchobligationsfaroutweighthebenefitsofcontrol.Iftheruled

populationisethnicallyorraciallydifferentfromtherulers,tensionsandchronicunrest

oftenexistwhichfurtherreducethebenefitsandincreasethecostsofdomination.Large

populationsnolongernecessarilyenhancestatepowerand,intheabsenceofhighlevels

ofeconomicdevelopmentcanimposesevereburdensonfoodsupply,jobs,andthebroad

rangeofservicesexpectedofmoderngovernments.Thenoneconomicsecurityreasons

forthecontrolofterritoryhavebeenprogressivelyunderminedbytheadvancesof

moderntechnology.Thebenefitsofforcinganothernationtosurrenderitswealthare

vastlyoutweighedbythebenefitsofpersuadingthatnationtoproduceandexchange

goodsandservices.Inbrief,imperialismnolongerpays.Makingwarhasbeenoneofthe

mostpersistentofhumanactivitiesinthe80centuriessincemenandwomensettledin

citiesandtherebybecame"civilized",butthemodernizationofthepast80yearshas

fundamentallychangedtheroleandfunctionofwar.Inpremodernizedsocieties,

successfulwarfarebroughtsignificantmaterialrewards,themostobviousofwhichwere

thestoredwealthofthedefeated.Equallyimportantwashumanlabor—controlover

peopleasslavesorleviesforthevictor'sarmy,andtherewastheproductivecapacity-

agriculturallandsandmines.Successfulwarfarealsoproducedpsychicbenefits.The

removalordestructionofathreatbroughtasenseofsecurity,andpowergainedover

otherscreatedprideandnationalself-esteem.Warwasacceptedinthepremodernized

societyasapartofthehumancondition,amechanismofchange,andanunavoidable,

evennoble,aspectoflife.Theexcitementanddramaofwarmadeitavitalpartof

literatureandlegends.

50、Accordingtothepassage,leadersofpremodernizedsocietyconsideredwartobe

標準答案：A

知識點解析：根據(jù)短文，現(xiàn)代化之前的社會的領(lǐng)導人認為戰(zhàn)爭是國家政策的有效工

具。答案的依據(jù)是最后一段。

51、Theauthormostlikelyplacestheword"civilized''inquotationmarks(inparagraph

2)inorderto.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：作者在第二段給civilized這個詞加引號很可能是對戰(zhàn)爭應成為文明的

組成部分這種觀點進行諷刺。本文作者在討論戰(zhàn)爭——一種似乎不文明的活動。然

而作者爭辯說，戰(zhàn)爭至少在現(xiàn)代化之前的時代是某些經(jīng)濟和社會力量的必然結(jié)果。

用civilized(文明的，開化的)這個詞具有諷刺意味。

52、Theauthormentionsallofthelollowingaspossiblereasonsforgoingtowarina

premodernizedsocietyEXCEPT.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：在第三段作者提到了A、C和D,唯獨沒有提到B。

53、Thetoneofthepassagecouldbestbedescribedas.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：作者對戰(zhàn)爭的論述精確而又客觀，因此應選

Thenexttimethemenweretakenupontothedeck,Kuntamadeapointoflookingatthe

manbehindhiminline,theonewholaybesidehimtotheleftwhentheywerebelow.He

wasaSerertribesmanmucholderthanKunta,andhisbody,frontandback,wascreased

withwhipcuts,someofthemsodeepandfesteringthatKunta,feltbadlyforhaving

wishedsometimesthathemightstrikethemaninthedarknessformoaningsesteadilyin

hispain.StaringbackatKunta,theSerer'sdarkeyeswerefulloffuryanddefiance.A

whiplashedoutevenastheystoodlookingateachother-thistimeatKunta,spurring

himtomoveahead.Tryingtorollaway,Kuntawaskickedheavilyinhisribs.But

somehowheandthegaspingWolofmanagedtostaggerbackupamongtheothermen

fromtheirshelfwhowereshamblingtowardtheirdousingwithbuckedofseawater.A

momentlater,thestingingsaltinessofitwasburninginKunta'swounds,andhisscreams

joinedthoseofothersoverthesoundofthedrumandthewheezingthingthathadagain

begunmarkingtimeforthechainedmentojumpanddanceforthetoubob.Kuntaandthe

Wolofweresoweakfromtheirnewbeatingthattwicetheystumbled,butwhipblows

andkickssentthemhemhoppingclumsilyupanddownintheirchains.Sogreatwashis

furythatKuntawasbarelyawareofthewomensinging"Toubobfa!"Andwhenhehad

finallybeenchainedhackdowninhisplaceinthedarkhold,hisheartthrobbedwitha

lusttomurdertoubob.Everyfewdaystheeightnakedtoubobwouldagaincomeintothe

stinkingdarknessandscrapetheirtubsfulloftheexcrementthathadaccumulatedonthe

shelveswherethechainedmenlay.Kuntawouldliestillwithhiseyesstaringbalefullyin

hatred,followingthebobbingorangelights,listeningtothetoubobcursingand

sometimesslippingandtailingintotheslicknessunderfoot-soplentifulnow,becauseof

theincreasingloosenessofthemen'sbowels,thatthefilthhadbeguntodropoffthe

edgesoftheshelvesdownintotheaisleway.Thelasttimetheywereondeck,Kuntahad

noticedamanlimpingonabadlyinfectedleg.Thistimethemanwaskeptupondeck

whentherestweretakenbackbelow.Afewdayslater,thewomentoldtheother

prisonersintheirsingingthattheman'sleghadbeencutoffandthatoneofthewomen

hadbeenbroughttotendhim,butthatthemanhaddiedthat,fightandbeenthrownover

theside.Startingthen,whenthetoubobcametocleantheshelves,theyalsodroppedred-

hotpiecesofmetalintopailsofstrongvinegar.Thecloudsofacridsteamleftthehold

smellingbetter,butsoonitwouldagainbeoverwhelmedbythechokingstink.Itwasa

smellthatKuntafeltwouldneverleavehislungsandskin.Thesteadymurmuringthat

wentonintheholdwheneverthetoubobweregonekeptgrowinginvolumeandintensity

asthemenbegantocommunicatebetterandbetterwithoneanother.Wordsnot

understoodwerewhisperedfrommouthtoearalongthsshelvesuntilsomeonewhoknew

morethenonetonguewouldsendbacktheirmeaning.Intheprocess,allofthemenalong

eachshelflearnednewwordsintonguestheyhadnotspokenbefore.Sometimesmen

jerkedupward,bumpingtheirheads,inthedoubleexcitementofcommunicatingwith

eachotherandthefactthatitwasbeingdonewithoutthetoubeb'sknowledge.Muttering

amongthemselvesforhours,themendevelopedadeepeningsenseofintrigueandof

brotherhood.Thoughtheywereofdifferentvillagesandtribes,thefeelinggrewthatthey

werenotfromdifferentpeoplesorplaces.

54、ThelivingconditionsfortheBlacksinthesalveshipwere.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：chains,whips以及居住地點難聞的氣味等等都說明他們生活在非人

的條件下。

55、Theprisonershaddifficultycommunicatingwitheachotherbecause.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：見最后一段原文：W