碳中和碳達(dá)峰-2023年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀

2023年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀?碳中和碳達(dá)峰

厥型主要內(nèi)容

1

多任務(wù)混合閱讀介紹了中國(guó)的綠化情況以及為實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和所做的努力。

2

閱讀理解介紹北京2022年冬奧會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色奧運(yùn)的承諾，以及中國(guó)自主研發(fā)出了二氧

化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。

3

閱讀理解介紹了英國(guó)的一些學(xué)校實(shí)施的有關(guān)祓中和的情況，并呼吁更多的學(xué)校采取行

動(dòng)，保護(hù)環(huán)境。

4

閱讀理解講述了氣候變化是人類面臨的一個(gè)大問(wèn)題，減少碳排放這很重要.文中介紹

了SpaceX將會(huì)把二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化成燃料，這將使從火星到地球的旅行更容易，

也有利于環(huán)保。

5

閱讀理解講述了學(xué)生們?cè)跊](méi)有多余的美術(shù)材料的情況下，積極想辦法參與社區(qū)中心舉

辦的藝術(shù)比賽，并獲獎(jiǎng)的故事。

（2022.山西臨汾.三模）請(qǐng)閱讀下面的非連續(xù)性文本，按要求完成所給任務(wù)，并將答案寫在答題卡相

應(yīng)的位置上。

Forestsarehometomanyplantsandanimals.Theyalsomattertohumansindifferentways.InChina,

TreePlantingDayarrivesonMarch12.IlwassetUD〔oremindabnuiiheimportancecfforests.

Theyenrichthesoil.TheytakeinCO2andgiveoutO2.

就

TheyprovidefoodTheyarehometo80percentofthe

formillionsofpeople,world'sanimals,plantsandinsects.

ChartI

China'sforestcoverage（覆蓋率）

%oflandarea）

24/1%-]?22.96%

21

20麗

IS"

2OIX2021

ChartII

Chinaplanted3.6millionhectaresofforestin2021,accordingtotheNationalAfforestation

Committee（國(guó)際造林委員會(huì)）.That'smorethandoubletheareaofBeijing.Thecommitteecalledonall

adultstoplantthreetofivetreesayear.Duringthepast40years,volunteersplantednearly79billiontrees

acrossChina.Chinahasbecomethecountrywiththelargestincreaseinforestresources（資源）andthe

largestareaofplantedforests.

Peoplearealsoencouragedtotakepartingreeningprojects.Alipay'sAntForestisonewaytohelp.

Usersget“greenenergy''pointsthroughdailyactions,andtheprojectwillplantrealtreesforthem.More

than600millionChinesehaveusedthisapptolivegreenerlifestylesandhelpprotecttheenvironment.Ant

Foresthasplantedmorethan360milliontreesinChinasince2016.

Besidesbigprojects,Chinaalsofocuseson（專;主于）smallactionsincities.ThecommitteesaidChina

nowhasmorethan20,000“pocketparks''—miniparksincities.Ithasalsobuiltmorethan80,000

kilometersofgreenpathways（道路）acrossthecountry.

'QAlipay?ANTFOREST

Howtogrowavirtual（虛擬的）

treeandmakeitreal

14rrdMkr%

ChartIH

Inthefuture,Chinawilltakemoreactionstohelpourenvironmentsothatwecanreachthegoalof

achievingcarbonneutrality（碳中和）before2060successfully.

1.PleasetranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.

2.Pleaseaddasubtide（/」\標(biāo)題）ininChartI.（Nomorethansixwords.）

3.HowmanypercentofChina'sforestcoveragewereincreasedfrom2003to2021?

4.Howcanweget“greenenergy“pointsfromAntForest?（TwoexamplesareOK.）

5.WhatsmallactionshasChinatakentogogreen?

6.Whatcanyoudofbrourcountry'sgreeningprojects?

02

（2022?重慶?中考真題）TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswasagreatsuccess.Chinahaskeptthe

promisetoholdagreenOlympics.Manygreenactionsmadeitpossible,likeprovidingenvironmentally

friendlysmartbeds,usingnewenergy（能源）cars,supportingspoilingplaceswith100%cleanenergyand

reusingrainandsnowwater.

Takemakingiceasanexample.Chinadidn'tuseR507,acommonmaterialtomakeice,becauseit

isn'tfriendlyenoughtotheenvironment.Through18months5hardwork,Chinaindependentlydeveloped

theCO2directcoolingtechnology.

Anetoftubesrunsundertheice.High-pressureliquid（液態(tài)）CO2goesthroughthemtocreate

heat（熱）exchange.TheCO2evaporates（蒸發(fā)）undertheicesurface.Theevaporationtakesinheatand

turnswateronthesurfaceintoice.AndtheCO2goesintoanothercircle.Thistechnologyhelpstomake

iccbetterandfaster.Andaboveall,itismuchgreenerbecausethere'snonewCO2produced.Amongall

the15iccsportingplacesintheWinterOlympics,7usedtheCO2directcoolingtechnologytomakeicc.

Asaresult,muchlesspollutionwascaused.

Beijingdidsomuchmoretosaveenergy.Beijingbuiltthenewsportingplaceswithgreenmaterials.

Asfortheoldones,Beijingusednewglasswallstotaketheplaceoftraditionalwallstoletmorenatural

lightin.70%ofthewasteheatwasalsoreusedtokeepwarmanddry.Andalargenumberofnewenergy

carswereusedattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.

TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsisthefirsttotrulyachievecarbonneulralily（碳中和）,andithas

setnewstandardsingreentechnologies.SomenewspaperssayChinahassetanexamplefortheworldin

environmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.

7.HowlongdidittakeChinatodeveloptheCO2directcoolingtechnology?

A.18months.B.100weeks.C.15days.D.7years.

8.ThewriterwritesPara.3toshow.

A.whytheCO2goesintoanothercircle

B.howthenewice-makingtechnologyhelped

C.howsportingplacesusedthenewtechnology

D.whytheliquidCO2runsthroughthenetoftubes

9.Accordingtothepassage,wccaninfer（推斷）that.

A.allthebuildingswillbebuiltwithglasswallsin（henearfuture

B.theCO2directcoolingtechnologymaybewidelyusedintheworld

C.thehigh-pressureliquidCO2willtotallytaketheplaceofR5O7soon

D.nonewstandardsingreentechnologiesmaybesetaftertheOlympics

10.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ANewGreenIce-makingTechnology

B.GreenTechnologiesUsedinSports

C.ASharedFutureofGreenDevelopment

D.TheGreenBeijingWinterOlympics

03

（2022?內(nèi)蒙古包頭?中考真題）Morethan1.000schoolsacrosstheUKhavesignedup（報(bào)名）toa

projectwiththeaimofhelpingschoolsbecomecarbonneutral（碳平衡的）by2030.Carbonneutralmeans

cuttingdowncarbonemissions（碳排放）lozeroorbalancingthemoutinotherways.Carbonemissionsare

gasessuchascarbondioxide（CO2）thatcomeoutintotheatmosphere,whereiheymakeclimatechange

worse.Thishasalsocausedthetemperaturerise.

EmissionsarecausedbyaLsortsofhumanactivities,suchasburningfossilfuels（coal,oilandgas）

tomakeenergy,cuttingdownforestsandsometypesoffarming.Becomingcarbonneutralincludescutting

theamountofcarbonemissionsaschoolproducesandbalancingthosethatareleftbytakingsomecarbon

outoftheatmosphere.

Theprojectalsoshowshowsmallchangescanmakeabigdifference.Thesemightincludethinking

carefullyaboutenergyuse,cuttingwaste,growingfoodclosertowhereit'seatenandwalkingorcyclingto

schoolifitispossible.Waysofbalancingoutthecarbonerriissionsthataschoolstillmakesinclude

plantingtreesandplantsthattakeinCO2astheygrow.

YsgolBroDincfwrSecondarySchoolinWaleshaspromisedtorunentirelyonrenewable（可再生的）

energy(suchaswindandsolarpower)withinthenextthreeyears.AlDownHighSchoolinNorthern

Ireland,thestudentsarclookingaftertheirownbees.Sowhenflowersandcropsproducefood,thathelps.

Otherschoolshaveprojectstocutfoodwastebyweighingitaftereachmealtoknowhowmuchisnot

beingeaten.Someputthewasteintoasystemthatcanturnthiswasteintousefulthings.Theywillbeput

onthegardentohelpplantsgrow.

Climatechangeisseenasamajorglobalchallenge.Wecanseeitallaroundus.Sojointogether,find

outwaysyourschoolcanputeffortsto,andtalktoateacheraboutsigningup.

11.Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?

A.Humanactivitiesinfluenceiheenvironment.

B.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.

C.MoreUKschoolsshouldbeintroducedtotheworld.

D.Wecoulddealwiththeclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehavior.

12.Howcouldtheschoolsreducecarbonemissions?

A.Bymovingtothecountryside.B.Bycuttingwasteandplantingtrees.

C.Byprovidingmorespacesforstudents.D.Byburningcoalinsteadofgasiomakeenergy.

13.Whydoestheauthorgiveexamplesoftheschoolsinparagraph4?

A.Topraisetheseschools.B.Toshowthedifficultiesintheproject.

C.Tocallformoreschoolstotakeaction.D.Toexplain:heeffortsmadebythegovernment.

14.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowtoHelpPlantsGrowB.SchoolsSignUptoHelpthePlanet

C.CarbonEmissionsintheUKSchoolsD.OurPlanet,aWonderfulLivingPlace

04

（2022.山東.臨沂市河?xùn)|區(qū)教育科學(xué)研究與發(fā)展中心一模）Climatechangeisabigproblem

humansarefacing.Howcanwedealwithit?Reducingcarbonemissions(碳升E放)isimportant.Butwhat

ifwecouldcapturecarbondioxide（CO2）fromtheairanduseittodootherthings?

Recently,SpaceXfounderElonMusksaidthathiscompanyisworkingonanewprogram.It?sgoing

totakeCO2outoftheairandturnitintorocketfuel.

ItwillnotonlybegoodforEarth,but“willalsobeimportantfbrMars,“Musksaid.TheaironMarsis

madeupof95percentCO2.IfwecouldturnCO2intofuel,wecouldtravelthelongjourneyfromMars

backtoEarthinthefuture.

Theideamaysoundstrangebutit'snottotallycrazy.Therearealreadysometechnologiesthatmight

helpwiththis.AccordingtoDi-JiaLiu,achemistattheArgonneNationalLaboratoryintheUS,（hecarbon

atoms（原子）inCO2andthehydrogen（氫）atomsinwatercanbecombinedtomakemethane（甲烷）or

ethanol（乙醇）.Theycouldbeusedasfuel.IfwedothisonMars,energyfromthesunmightbeusedasa

catalyst（催化劑）.

Theideawillalsomakespacetravelmoreeco-fricndly.u[ftheCO2-bascdfuelcouldbeusedina

rocketlaunch,wecouldprevent715tonsofCO2frombeingputintotheair,“saidStaffordSheehanfrom

AirCompany,aUScompanythatfocusesonCO2collectingtechnologies.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。

15.WhatisSpaceXworkingon?

A.ReducingCO2emissions.B.Buildinganewrocket.C.TurningCO2intofuel.

16.Whatadvantagewilltheprogrambringifitsucceeds?

A.Itwilltakeenergyfromthesun.

B.ItwillmakeiteasiertotravelfromMarstoEarth.

C.Itwilltake95percentofCO2outoftheair.

17.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?

A.HowCO2canbeturnedintofuel.

B.WhereCO2canbetaken.

C.Howtheenergyfromthesuncanbeused.

18?WhatcanwelearnfromwhatStaffordSheehansaid?

A.Scientistsuse715tonsofCO2tolauncharocket.

B.TherewillbenoCO2emissionsanymore.

C.SpaceX'sideawouldbegoodfbrtheenvironment.

05

（2022?北京豐臺(tái)?二模）

thepapercranemobile

“Look!Thecommunitycenterishavinganartcontest,“saidGrace.Shewasholdingaflyer（傳單）.

Mrs.Simonread（heflyeraloud.Everyoneagreedtheywouldliketoentertheartcontest.Mrs.Simon

said、"Ourclassroomsupplyofartmaterialsislowbecauseit'stheendoftheyear,riicheckwithMrs.

Ricetoseewhatshehas.^^

Mrs.Rice,theartteacher,didn'thaveanyartmaterials.won'tbegettingasupplyuntilnextyear,“

shesaid.Thewholeclasswasupset."Howcanwcentertheartcontestwithoutartmaterials?”askedGrace.

“Maybewecanraisesomemoney.Wecouldhaveabakesale,”suggestedHal.

"Idon'tthinkthere'stime/,Mrs.Simonsaid.

“Let'susethepaperintherecyclingbin,^^Pablosaid.Pablodidnotoftenraisehishand.Herarely

spokeup,soeveryonewassurprisedwhenheofferedanidea.

Halsaid,Tmcuriousaboutyouridea.Iwanttolearnwhyyouwoulduseoldpaper.^^

“SowecansaveEarth'sresources,MrepliedPablo."Whenweuserecycledpaper,weusenatural

materialsandsavetrees.”

“Wecanalsousethisoldstringandthesewirehangers/'addedGrace.

Nowtheclasshadtodecicewhattodowiththematerials.Pablohadanotheridea.44Wecanfoldthe

paperintocranes.Thenwccanattachthecranestoaframetomakeamobile."Mrs.Simontaughtthe

childrenhowtofoldthepaperintocranes.Theneveryonehelpedattachthecranestothemobile.

Onthedayoftheartcontest,thepapercranemobilehunginthelargecommunitycenterroom.The

hugespacewascrowdedwithartprojects.Fromfaroff,theclassspottedtheirproject.Thecranemobile

swayed（搖擺）gentlyaspeoplewalkedpast.Thepapercranesappearedtobesoftlyflying.

Thejudgescheckedeachartproject.Theylookedcloselyalthecranemobile.

Thepapercranemobilewontheprizeforthemostcreativeuseofmaterials.Astheclassproudly

acceptedtheirprize,theycouldnotslopgrinning（咧嘴笑）.Graceexclaimed,4tWemadeourartproject,

andwcsavedtheEarthatthesame

19.Howdidthewholeclassfeelwhentheyknewtheycouldn'tgetanyartmaterials?

A.Happy.B.Surprised.C.Upset.D.Nervous.

20.Whatdidtheydecidetodowiththeoldmaterialstheyfound?

A.ToDIYwirehangers.B.Tomakepapercranes.

C.Toraisesomemoney.D.Tobuildacenterroom.

21.Accordingto（hepassage,theirartprojectwontheprizebecausethey.

A.madethemostwonderfulworkofartinclass

B.decoratedthecenterroomwiththepapercranes

C.workedasateamandsolvedtheproblemstogether

D.madegooduseofoldmaterialsandsavedtheEarth

參考答案：

1.它（植樹(shù)節(jié)）的設(shè)立是為了讓人們意識(shí)到森林的重要性。/設(shè)立它（植樹(shù)節(jié)）的目的是讓人們明

白森林很重要。2.Whatcanforestsdo?/Whydoforestsniatter?/Whyareforestsiniportant?/The

functionsofforests/...3.4.83%.4.Byusingsharedbikesandwalking;Byusingonlinepayment;By

takingpublictransportlikebusorsubway.5.Ithasbuiltalargenumberofminiparksandgreen

pathways.6.（Answersvary.）1willnotusesinglc-uscchopsticks./fllchoosepublictransportifpossible

whentraveling./...

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)的綠化情況以及為實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和所做的努力。

1.It“它”,指代植樹(shù)節(jié)；wassetup"被設(shè)立”;toremindpeople"為了讓人們意識(shí)到/明白'aboutthe

importanceofforests”關(guān)于森林的重要性工故填：它（植樹(shù)節(jié)）的設(shè)立是為了讓人們意識(shí)到森林的重

要性。/設(shè)立它（植樹(shù)節(jié)）的目的是讓人們明白森林很重要。

2.根據(jù)圖片和對(duì)應(yīng)圖解可知，這里講的是森林的作用和重要性。故填Whatcanforestsdo?/Whydo

forestsmatter?/Whyareforestsimportant?/Thefunctionsofforests/...

3.根據(jù)圖表“2003—18.21%”和“2021—23.04%”可知,從2003年到2021年，中國(guó)的森林覆蓋率增加

了4.83%（23.04-18.21=4.83\故填4.83%.

4.根據(jù)“Usersget,greenenergy5pointsthroughdailyactions”和常識(shí)可知，人們可以通過(guò)3奇共享單車、

網(wǎng)上支付和乘坐公共交通等方式獲得“綠色能量二故填Byusingsharedbikesandwalking;Byusing

onlinepayment;Bytakingpublictransportlikebusorsubway.（任意兩點(diǎn)即可）

5.根據(jù)"Chinanowhasmorethan20,000“pocketparks''—miniparksincities.Ithasalsobuiltmorethan

80,000kilometersofgreenpathways（道路"crossthecountry.”可知，中國(guó)為綠化采取的小型行動(dòng)包

括建造了大量小型公園和綠色通道。故填hhasbuiltalargenumberofminiparksandgreenpathways.

6.答案不唯一，聯(lián)系實(shí)際符合問(wèn)題要求即可，比如不使用一次性筷子,乘坐公共交通等。參考答案

為Iwillnotusesingle-usechopsticks./I'Ilchoosepublictransportifpossiblewhentraveling./...

7.A8,B9.B10.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹北京2022年冬奧會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色奧運(yùn)的承諾，以及中國(guó)自主研發(fā)出

了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Through18months'hardwork,ChinaindependentlydevelopedtheC02direct

coolingtechnology.”可知，歷史18個(gè)月，中國(guó)自主研發(fā)出了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。故選A。

8段落大意題。分析第三段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要是介紹二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)是如何運(yùn)作來(lái)制冰的，

故選B。

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Asaresult,muchlesspollutionwascaused."和"SomenewspaperssayChinahasset

anexamplefortheworldinenvironmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.”可知,造成的;虧染減少了,

且一些報(bào)紙稱，中國(guó)在環(huán)境保護(hù)和綠色發(fā)展方面為世界樹(shù)立了榜樣.由此推知，一氧化碳直接冷卻

技術(shù)在世界范圍內(nèi)具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景，故選B。

10.最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要介紹北京2022年冬奧會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色奧運(yùn)的承諾，以及中國(guó)自主研發(fā)出了

二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。選項(xiàng)D“綠色北京冬奧會(huì)”符合主題，故選D。

11.A12.B13.C14.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了英國(guó)的一些學(xué)校實(shí)施的有關(guān)碳中和的情況，并呼吁更多的學(xué)校采取行動(dòng)，

保護(hù)環(huán)境。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Carbonemissionsaregasessuchascarbondioxide(C02)thatcomeoatintothe

atmosphere...Emiss沁nsarecausedbyallsortsofhumanactivities”可知，是人類活動(dòng)影響了環(huán)境，故選

A。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Waysofbalancingoutthecarbonemissionsthataschoolstillmakesinclude

plantingtreesandplantsthattakeinCO2astheygrow.”以及“Otherschoolshaveprojectstocutfood

waste...''可知，學(xué)校主要是通過(guò)減少食物浪費(fèi)和種樹(shù)來(lái)減少碳排放，故選B。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theprojectalsoshowshowsmallchargescanmakeabigdifference."及“Sojoin

together,findoutwaysyourschoolcanputeffortsto,andtalktoateacheraboutsigningup.”可知，作者給

出了幾個(gè)學(xué)校方面的例子主要是為了呼吁