2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

洛陽(yáng)市2022——2023學(xué)年高一質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatshouldthemanbeabletodotogetthejob?A.Type.B.Drive.C.SpeakEnglish.2.Whichchanneldoesthemanusuallywatch?A.News.B.History.C.Health.3.Whydoesthemanlearnsomanylanguages?A.Totravelabroad.B.Todoaresearch.C.Tofindajob.4.What’sthewomandoing?A.Askingforhercreditcard.B.Lookingforhersuitcase.C.Arguingwiththeman.5.Howmuchmaythewomanpayforthetoy?A.$8.B.$16.C.$60.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howisthemanfeeling?A.Guilty.B.Optimistic.C.Annoyed.7.Whatdothekidsalwaysdo?A.Theymakefacesinclass.B.Theyeatanddrinktoomuch.C.Theymakefunoftheman.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherjob?A.Demanding.B.Tiring.C.Interesting.9.Whowantstoopenabakery?A.Thewoman’sfriend.B.Theman’sfriend.C.Thewoman.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemanlikereading?A.Lovestories.B.Detectivestories.C.Fairystories.11.Whydidthewomangotothemovie?A.Shelikesthemovie.B.Themovieisfamous.C.She’safanoftheactor.12.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Relatives.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhathappenedtoAnna?AShegotinjured.B.Shefailedtheexam.C.Shelostthematch.14.WhogavefirstaidtoAnna?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Ateacher.15.Whereisthewomangoing?A.Tothehospital.B.Tothecinema.C.Tothelibrary.16.What’sthemangoingtodo?A.Cleantheclassroom.B.Returnsomebooks.C.Dosomereading.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whyistheeventtobeheld?A.Tohelppeoplelearnaboutrecycling.B.Tohelpprotecttheendangeredwildlife.C.Tomakepeopleknowaboutconservation.18.Whenistheeventtobeheld?A.OnSeptember12,B.OnOctober20.C.OnNovember10.19.Wherewilltheeventbegin?A.Behindthelibrary.B.Infrontofthegate.C.Inthegarden.20.Whatshouldbebroughttotheevent?A.Plastic.B.Chemical,C.Bins.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhatisEarthHour?EarthHourisanannualglobalcampaignthatencouragespeopleandbusinessesaroundtheworldtoswitchoffelectricityatthesametimeforonehour.EarthHourstartedinAustraliain2007when2.2millionpeopleinSydneyturnedoffallnon-essentiallightsforanhour.Sincethenithasgrowintoamassiveglobalevent.In2013,millionsofpeoplein7,000citiesandtownsaroundtheworldswitchedofftheirlightsfor60minutesattheendofMarch.Everyyearlandmarksandwell-knownbuildingsaroundtheworldtakepartandgodarkforEarthHour.ThecampaignevenwentintospacewhenastronautsreducedpowerontheInternationalSpaceStationin2011.WhoorganizesEarthHour?EarthHourisorganizedbytheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF).ItwasstartedbyAndyRidleywhoisexecutivedirectorofEarthHourGlobal,WWF.Hecameupwiththeideabecausehewantedtoraiseawarenessofenvironmentalissuesbyaskingpeopletodosomethingpositivetohelptheplanet.SwitchingoffthelightsforanhourcanmakeasmalldifferencetotheamountofenergyweusebutEarthHourisalsoasymboliceventtomakepeoplethinkabouttheproblemsofclimatechange.WhyMarch?TheendofMarchisaroundthetimeofthespringandautumnequinoxes(晝夜平分時(shí))inbothhemispheres(半球)respectively,whensunsettimesareatsimilartimes.Thismeansthataglobal“l(fā)ightsout”eventhasmostvisualeffectatthistimeofyear.UKeventsAswellasfamousLondonlandmarkssuchasBigBen,LondonEyeandBuckinghamPalaceswitchingofftheirlights,therearemanyothereventsaroundBritain.OntheWWFsinteractivemapyoucanseewhichpeople,businesses,schools,organizationsandlandmarksaretakingparteachyearandwhattheyaredoing.1.WhenandwheredidEarthHourbegin?A.InBritain,in2007. B.InSydney,in2013.C.InLondon,in2011. D.InAustralia,in2007.2.HowmanyexamplesaregiventoshowEarthHourisamassiveglobalevent?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.3.WhateventcanyouseeinBritainatEarthHour?A.ThelightsonLondonEyeareoffforanhour.B.ThesunsetsatthesametimearoundLondon.C.Businessesswitchoffalltheirlightsintheday.D.PeoplearerushingtofamousLondonlandmarks.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了“地球一小時(shí)”，包括該活動(dòng)的起源以及組織者等相關(guān)內(nèi)容?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“EarthHourstartedinAustraliain2007when2.2millionpeopleinSydneyturnedoffallnon-essentiallightsforanhour.Sincethenithasgrowntoamassiveglobalevent.(“地球一小時(shí)”于2007年在澳大利亞發(fā)起，當(dāng)時(shí)悉尼有220萬(wàn)人關(guān)掉所有非必要的燈一小時(shí)。)”可知，“地球一小時(shí)”開始于2007年的澳大利亞。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根文章第一段“In2013,millionsofpeoplein7,000citiesandtownsaroundtheworldswitchedofftheirlightsfor60minutesattheendofMarch.Everyyearlandmarksandwell-knownbuildingsaroundtheworldtakepartandgodarkforEarthHour.ThecampaignevenwentintospacewhenastronautsreducedpowerontheInternationalSpaceStationin2011.(2013年，全球7000個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)人在3月底熄燈60分鐘。每年，世界各地的地標(biāo)和著名建筑都會(huì)參加“地球一小時(shí)”活動(dòng)，并熄燈。2011年，當(dāng)宇航員在國(guó)際空間站上減少電力時(shí)，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)甚至進(jìn)入了太空。)”可知，文章主要舉了三個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明“地球一小時(shí)”已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個(gè)巨大的全球事件。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“AswellasfamousLondonlandmarkssuchasBigBen,LondonEyeandBuckinghamPalaceswitchingofftheirlights,therearemanyothereventsaroundBritain.(除了大本鐘、倫敦眼和白金漢宮等著名的倫敦地標(biāo)熄燈外，英國(guó)各地還有許多其他活動(dòng)。)”可知，倫敦眼會(huì)在“地球一小時(shí)”期間熄燈。故選A。BIhavespentmyentirelifeeitherattheschoolhouse,onthewaytotheschoolhouse,ortalkingaboutwhathappensintheschoolhouse.Bothmyparentsandmygrandparentswereeducators.Forthepast40yearsI’vedonethesamething.Needlesstosay,overthoseyearsI’vehadachancetolookateducationreformfromalotofaspects.Andweknowwhykidsdropout.Weknowwhykidsdon’tlearn.It’seitherpoverty,lowattendanceornegativepeerinfluences.Butoneofthethingsthatweneverdiscussorwebarelydiscussisthevalue—theimportanceofhumanconnectionandrelationships.JamesComersaysthatnosignificantlearningcanoccurwithoutasignificantrelationshipandalllearningisunderstandingrelationships.Everyonehasbeenaffectedbyateacheroranadult.IhavelookedatthebestandI’velookedatsomeoftheworst.Acolleaguesaidtomeonce,“Mydutyisn’ttolikethekids,buttoteachalesson.Thekidsshouldlearnit.Ishouldteachit.Thisisthecase.”Well,Isaidtoher,“Youknow,kidsdon’tlearnfrompeopletheydon’tlike.”IhavehadclassesthatweresolowthatIcried.Iwondered,howwasIgoingtotakethisgroupinninemonthsfromwheretheyweretowheretheyneededtobe?Anditwasawfullyhard.HowdidIraisetheself-confidenceofachildandhisacademicachievementatthesametime?OneyearIcameupwithabrightidea.Itoldallmystudents,“YouwerechosentobeinmyclassbecauseIamthebestteacherandyouarethebeststudents.Theyputusalltogethersowecouldshoweverybodyelsehowtodoit.”AndIgavethemasaying:“Iamsomebody.IwassomebodywhenIcame.I’llbeabettersomebodywhenIleave.Iampowerful,andIamstrong.IdeservetheeducationthatIgethere.”Teachingandlearningshouldbringjoy.Howpowerfulwouldourworldbeifwehadkidswhowerenotafraidtotakerisks,whowerenotafraidtothink,andwhohadachampion!Everychilddeservesachampion.Anadultwhowillnevergiveuponthem,andwhounderstandsthepowerofconnection,insiststhattheybecomethebestthattheycanpossiblybe.4.Whydokidsdropoutofschool?A.Theyhaveabadassociationwithteachers.B.Theymaycomefromlow-incomefamilies.C.Theyaren’tenthusiasticaboutschoolsubjects.D.Theyareinfluencedinanoptimisticwaybypeers.5.WhichideadoesJamesComeragreewith?A.Teachersshouldlaystressonthepersonaltraits.B.Studentsmightlearnalotfromteachers’variedadvice.C.Understandingrelationshipsleadstosuccessfullearning.D.Educationplaysanimportantroleinthekids’childhood.6.Howdidtheauthorpromotehisstudents?A.Hemotivatedthemtobuildself-confidence.B.Hetrainedthemtobecommittedandfocused.CHeawardedthemmanyprizesduringhisclass.D.Hewasdevotedtoimprovingtheirself-discipline.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EveryKidNeedsaChampionB.TrueLoveforMyOwnCareerC.HowtoDealWithBadStudentsD.MyJoyofBeingaTeacher【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了作者對(duì)于當(dāng)代教育的一些看法，作者認(rèn)為每個(gè)孩子都值得擁有一個(gè)冠軍。一個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)放棄他們的成年人，一個(gè)懂得聯(lián)系的力量的成年人，堅(jiān)持讓他們成為最好的自己。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Andweknowwhykidsdropout.Weknowwhykidsdon’tlearn.It’seitherpoverty,lowattendanceornegativepeerinfluences.(我們也知道孩子們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)輟學(xué)。我們知道孩子們?yōu)槭裁床粚W(xué)習(xí)。要么是貧窮，要么是出勤率低，要么是同伴的負(fù)面影響。)”可知，孩子輟學(xué)的原因要么是貧窮，要么是出勤率低，要么是同伴的負(fù)面影響。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“JamesComersaysthatnosignificantlearningcanoccurwithoutasignificantrelationshipandalllearningisunderstandingrelationships.Everyonehasbeenaffectedbyateacheroranadult.(JamesComer說(shuō)，沒(méi)有重要的關(guān)系就沒(méi)有重要的學(xué)習(xí)，所有的學(xué)習(xí)都是對(duì)關(guān)系的理解。每個(gè)人都被老師或大人影響過(guò)。)”可知，JamesComer認(rèn)為所有的學(xué)習(xí)都是對(duì)關(guān)系的理解，由此可知，理解了關(guān)系就會(huì)帶來(lái)成功的學(xué)習(xí)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“HowdidIraisetheself-confidenceofachildandhisacademicachievementatthesametime?(我是如何在提高孩子的自信心的同時(shí)提高他的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)的？)”以及文章第五段“OneyearIcameupwithabrightidea.Itoldallmystudents,“YouwerechosentobeinmyclassbecauseIamthebestteacherandyouarethebeststudents.Theyputusalltogethersowecouldshoweverybodyelsehowtodoit.”AndIgavethemasaying:“Iamsomebody.IwassomebodywhenIcame.I’llbeabettersomebodywhenIleave.Iampowerful,andIamstrong.IdeservetheeducationthatIgethere.”(有一年，我想到了一個(gè)好主意。我告訴我所有的學(xué)生：“你們被選來(lái)上我的課，因?yàn)槲沂亲詈玫睦蠋?，你們是最好的學(xué)生。他們把我們聚在一起，這樣我們就可以向其他人展示如何做到這一點(diǎn)?！蔽医o了他們一句話：“我是個(gè)大人物。我來(lái)的時(shí)候是個(gè)大人物。當(dāng)我離開時(shí)，我會(huì)成為一個(gè)更好的人。我很強(qiáng)大，我很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。我值得在這里接受教育?！?”可推斷出，作者通過(guò)幫助學(xué)生建立自信來(lái)幫助學(xué)生提升自己。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Teachingandlearningshouldbringjoy.Howpowerfulwouldourworldbeifwehadkidswhowerenotafraidtotakerisks,whowerenotafraidtothink,andwhohadachampion!Everychilddeservesachampion.Anadultwhowillnevergiveuponthem,andwhounderstandsthepowerofconnection,insiststhattheybecomethebestthattheycanpossiblybe.(教與學(xué)應(yīng)該帶來(lái)快樂(lè)。如果我們的孩子不害怕冒險(xiǎn)，不害怕思考，有一個(gè)冠軍，我們的世界將會(huì)多么強(qiáng)大！每個(gè)孩子都值得擁有一個(gè)冠軍。一個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)放棄他們的成年人，一個(gè)懂得聯(lián)系的力量的成年人，堅(jiān)持讓他們成為最好的自己。)”以及全文可知，文章主要講述的是作者認(rèn)為教與學(xué)都應(yīng)該帶來(lái)快樂(lè)。而每個(gè)孩子都值得擁有一個(gè)冠軍來(lái)帶領(lǐng)他們成為最好的自己。故選A。CTheclimatethreatbecameurgentin2022,resultinginaheavyimpactontheworld’sclimateindicators(指標(biāo)).Theseindicatorsshowhowtheplanetisrespondingtoclimatechangeandtheimpactithasonbothpeopleandnature.TheClimateReport,releasedaheadofEarthDay,consistsofananalysisofglobalclimateindicatorssuchassealevelrise,oceanheat,andpollutionlevels.Asignificantnumberofclimaterecordswerebrokenin2022.Forinstance,oceansexperiencedrecordhightemperatures.Duetowarmingoceans,globalsealevelsclimbedtotheirhighestrecord.Antarcticaalsorecordedthelowesteverseaiceextentof1.92millionsquarekilometersinFebruary2022,arecordthathasbeenbrokenagainthisyear.Thelatestglobaldatashowsrecordhighlevelsofplanet-warmingpollution,includingmethane(甲烷)andcarbondioxidein2021.Theserecordsdemonstratetheurgencyoftheclimatethreatglobally.Risingtemperaturesresultinextremeweatherconditionssuchasdroughts,floods,andheatwaves.Thisputswildlife,plants,andcoastalcommunitiesatrisk.Additionally,theseextremeclimateeventsresultsinchallengesoflackingfood.Itisvitalfornationstocometogethertoaddresstheissueofclimatechangebyacceleratingeffortstowardsrenewableenergy,reducinggreenhousegasemissions,promotingsustainablelandusepractices,andsupportingthosewhoarealreadyfeelingtheimpactsofclimatechange.Inconclusion,thestateoftheclimatereporthighlightstheimpactoftheclimatethreatworldwide,whichishavingaseriouseffectontheplanet’sclimateindicators,nature,andpeople.Theincreasingfrequencyofextremeweatherconditionsresultsfromtherisingtemperatures,whichiswhyitissignificanttotakeactiontowardsdecreasingtheeffectsofclimatechange.Itisourresponsibilitytosafeguardtheplanetforfuturegenerationsbytakingmeasuresthatmoveustowardsasustainableandfairfuture.8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheindicatorsfromParagraph1?A.TheyarereleasedaheadofEarthDay.B.Theyindicatethedecreaseofsealevel.C.Theyshowtheplanet’sresponsetoclimatechange.D.Theyimplythefallofpollutionlevelsandoceanheat.9.Whatistheresultofrisingtemperatures?A.Theypartlyleadtotheproblemsofthefoodshortage.B.Theycausethehighestrecordedlevelofglobalwarming.C.Theyresultineffortstoreducegreenhousegasemissions.DTheyacceleratethepromotionofsustainabledevelopment.10.Howshouldnationshandleclimatechange?A.Reducetheriskoftheextinctionofwildlifeandplants.B.Makeeffortstopromoterenewableenergyandlanduse.C.Supportpeoplewhousevehiclestoreleasecarbondioxide.D.Transformthepatternsofextremeclimatechangeconditions.11.Whyisitsignificanttodecreasetheimpactsofclimatechange?A.EveryonehasaroletoplayinprotectingtheplanetB.Ithasabadeffectonendangeredanimalsandplants.C.Theextremeweatherconditionsresultinoceanheat.D.Therisingtemperaturesleadtoextremeweatherconditions.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了2022年氣候狀況報(bào)告以及其重要性。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theseindicatorsshowhowtheplanetisrespondingtoclimatechangeandtheimpactithasonbothpeopleandnature.(這些指標(biāo)顯示了地球如何應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化及其對(duì)人類和自然的影響。)”可知，這些指標(biāo)顯示了地球如何應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化及其對(duì)人類和自然的影響。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theserecordsdemonstratetheurgencyoftheclimatethreatglobally.Risingtemperaturesresultinextremeweatherconditionssuchasdroughts,floods,andheatwaves.Thisputswildlife,plants,andcoastalcommunitiesatrisk.Additionally,theseextremeclimateeventsresultsinchallengesoflackingfood(這些記錄表明了全球氣候威脅的緊迫性。氣溫上升會(huì)導(dǎo)致干旱、洪水和熱浪等極端天氣。這使野生動(dòng)物、植物和沿海社區(qū)處于危險(xiǎn)之中。此外，這些極端氣候事件導(dǎo)致糧食短缺的挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，溫上升會(huì)導(dǎo)致干旱、洪水和熱浪等極端天氣，而這不僅使野生動(dòng)物、植物和沿海社區(qū)處于危險(xiǎn)之中也會(huì)導(dǎo)致糧食短缺。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Itisvitalfornationstocometogethertoaddresstheissueofclimatechangebyacceleratingeffortstowardsrenewableenergy,reducinggreenhousegasemissions,promotingsustainablelandusepractices,andsupportingthosewhoarealreadyfeelingtheimpactsofclimatechange.(至關(guān)重要的是，各國(guó)必須團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，通過(guò)加快開發(fā)可再生能源、減少溫室氣體排放、促進(jìn)可持續(xù)土地利用方式以及支持那些已經(jīng)感受到氣候變化影響的人，來(lái)解決氣候變化問(wèn)題。)”可知，文章認(rèn)為各國(guó)應(yīng)該團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)開發(fā)可再生能源、減少溫室氣體排放、促進(jìn)可持續(xù)土地利用方式以及支持那些已經(jīng)感受到氣候變化影響的人，從而應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theincreasingfrequencyofextremeweatherconditionsresultsfromtherisingtemperatures,whichiswhyitissignificanttotakeactiontowardsdecreasingtheeffectsofclimatechange.(氣溫上升導(dǎo)致極端天氣狀況日益頻繁，這就是為什么采取行動(dòng)減少氣候變化影響至關(guān)重要。)”可推斷，減少氣候變化的影響之所以很重要是因?yàn)闅鉁厣仙龑?dǎo)致極端天氣狀況日益頻繁。故選D。DIfyoucan’tgetyourkidstofocusonhomework,givethemblueberryjuice!Astudyfoundthatawildblueberrydrinkpromotedmemoryandconcentrationinprimaryschool-agechildren.ResearchersfromReadingUniversityinBritainput21boysandgirlsthroughabatteryofcognitive(認(rèn)知的)testsonfouroccasions—onceafterdrinkingsugarywater,onceafteralittleblueberrydrink,onceafteramildblueberrydrinkandanotherafterastrongblueberrydrink.Theresearchersfoundonthedayswhentheyhadthefruitdrinks,theydidbetterontheteststhatinvolvedrecallingwordstheyhadbrieflyheard,andtheyalsodidbetterontasksthatrequiredthemtoavertdistractions.Thebestresultswereobtainedafterthehigh-strengthdrink,whichcontainedtheequalquantityofacupandahalfwildblueberries.Wildblueberriescontainmaterialsgoodforhealthbutresearchersfixedtheirattentiononflavonoid(黃酮類化合物),ahealth-promotingplantchemicalfoundinavarietyoffruitsandvegetables,includingberries.Itisthoughtthattheflavonoidintheberriesmayimprovebloodflowtothebrainandeasethepassageofinformationbetweencells.Theresearchershadtousepowdermadefromwildblueberriestomakethedrinksinthestudy,asblueberriesdonotgrowwildintheUK.Buttheyinsistblueberriesandblackberriesarealsorichinflavonoid.Althoughblueberrieshavebeenshowntobegoodforthebrainbefore,alltheresearchhasbeencarriedoutonadults.Primaryschoolisavitalstageinachild’seducationalandsocialdevelopment.Theseresultsindicatestronglythatconsumingfoodsrichinflavonoid,suchaswildblueberries,couldaidoveralllearningintheclassroom.Theresearchersnowwanttoseeifthefruitspeedsupreadingdevelopmentandwhetheritisofparticularbenefittochildrenwithdistraction.12.Whatdidthestudyfind?A.Blueberryjuicewascloselyrelatedtoconcentration,B.Blueberryjuicemadechildreninterestedinlearning.C.Wildblueberriesbroughtoutatasteofgoodfeelings.D.Wildblueberrieswereofgreatbenefittosomepatients.13.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“avert”inParagraph2?A.Claim. B.Chase. C.Affect. D.Avoid.14.Howdoesflavonoidfunctioninberries?A.Itstrengthenssweettasteinberries.B.Itmakesberriesdifferentfromothers.C.Itpromotesbloodflowingandeasesthecellpassage.D.Itcouldprovidepowdermadefromwildblueberries.15.Whatcanweinferabouttheresearchfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sbeenappliedtotheimprovementofkids’speakingskills.B.It’sprobablymadewildblueberriespopularallovertheworld.C.It’sprovidedasignificantplatformforadults’socialrelationships.D.It’sexpectedtobeconductedonkids’readingskillsandattention.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，野生藍(lán)莓飲料能提高小學(xué)適齡兒童的記憶力和注意力?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Astudyfoundthatawildblueberrydrinkpromotedmemoryandconcentrationinprimaryschool-agechildren.”（一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，野生藍(lán)莓飲料能提高小學(xué)適齡兒童的記憶力和注意力。）可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)藍(lán)莓飲料與專注力相關(guān)，故選擇A項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Astudyfoundthatawildblueberrydrinkpromotedmemoryandconcentrationinprimaryschool-agechildren.”（一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，野生藍(lán)莓飲料能提高小學(xué)適齡兒童的記憶力和注意力。）以及下文的“distraction”（分散注意力）可知，這里要說(shuō)的是避免注意力分散的任務(wù)，avoid“避免”與avert意思相近，故選擇D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itisthoughtthattheflavonoidintheberriesmayimprovebloodflowtothebrainandeasethepassageofinformationbetweencells.”（人們認(rèn)為漿果中的類黃酮可以改善大腦的血液流動(dòng)，并簡(jiǎn)化細(xì)胞之間的信息傳遞。）可知，類黃酮的作用在于改善血液流動(dòng)，簡(jiǎn)化細(xì)胞間的信息傳遞，故選擇C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theresearchersnowwanttoseeifthefruitspeedsupreadingdevelopmentandwhetheritisofparticularbenefittochildrenwithdistraction.”（研究人員現(xiàn)在想看看這種水果是否能加速閱讀發(fā)展，以及它是否對(duì)注意力不集中的孩子有特別的幫助。）可知，未來(lái)可能測(cè)試這種水果對(duì)于閱讀及孩子專注力的影響，故選擇D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TherelationshipbetweenteachersandstudentshasbeenhotlydiscussedinrecentyearsinChina,____16____TodayIwouldliketosharesometipsonhowtogetalongwellwithteachersfromstudents’perspective.Firstandforemost,makeagoodfirstimpressiononyourteachers.____17____Agoodfirstimpressionisimportantforteacherstorememberyournameamongyourfellowstudents.____18____Astudentwholovesstudyingandcooperateswithteachersinclasscandefinitelyimpressteachersdeeply.Studentsshouldbeeagertolearnaswellaswillingtoworkhardandit’simportanttolistenwithattention.Andit’smoreimportanttolearntoraisequestionsandworkoutproblemsinnewways.Finally,communicatewithyourteachersfrequentlyafterclass.____19____Infact,kidswhogetalongwiththeirteachersnotonlylearnmore,butthey’remorecomfortableaskingquestionsandgettingextrahelp.____20____Whenyouhavethiskindofrelationshipwithateacher,heorshecanbesomeonetoturntowithproblems.A.Alwaysrespectyourteachers.B.Asthesayinggoes,wellbegunishalfdone.C.Secondly,studyhardandbeactiveinclass.D.formoreandmoreattentionispaidtoeducation.E.Inthiscase,youcouldmakegoodfriendswiththem.FThismakesiteasiertounderstandnewmaterialsanddoyourbestontests.G.foragoodteacherhasaccesstochildren’smindswhentheyareeagertolearn.【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了幾種師生友好相處的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“TherelationshipbetweenteachersandstudentshasbeenhotlydiscussedinrecentyearsinChina(近年來(lái)，中國(guó)一直在激烈討論師生關(guān)系)”設(shè)空前的逗號(hào)可知，下文要說(shuō)的是這種現(xiàn)象的原因，D項(xiàng)“教育越來(lái)越受到重視?！狈项}意，故選擇D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Firstandforemost,makeagoodfirstimpressiononyourteachers.(首先，給老師留下好的第一印象。)”可知，本段主要說(shuō)的是第一印象很重要，B項(xiàng)“俗話說(shuō)，良好的開端是成功的一半。”符合題意，故選擇B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Astudentwholovesstudyingandcooperateswithteachersinclasscandefinitelyimpressteachersdeeply.Studentsshouldbeeagertolearnaswellaswillingtoworkhardandit’simportanttolistenwithattention(一個(gè)熱愛(ài)學(xué)習(xí)并在課堂上與老師合作的學(xué)生一定能給老師留下深刻的印象。學(xué)生應(yīng)該渴望學(xué)習(xí)，也愿意努力工作，專心傾聽很重要。)”可知，本段主要介紹的是積極學(xué)習(xí)，上課與老師認(rèn)真配合的重要性，C項(xiàng)“第二，努力學(xué)習(xí)，積極上課。”符合題意，同時(shí)選項(xiàng)中的Secondly與上一段的Firstandforemost和下一段的Finally相吻合。故選擇C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Finally,communicatewithyourteachersfrequentlyafterclass.(最后，課后要經(jīng)常和老師交流。)”可知，課下經(jīng)常與老師交流就可能和老師成為朋友，E項(xiàng)“在這種情況下，你可以和他們成為好朋友?！狈项}意，故選擇E項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Infact,kidswhogetalongwiththeirteachersnotonlylearnmore,butthey’remorecomfortableaskingquestionsandgettingextrahelp.(事實(shí)上，與老師相處融洽的孩子不僅學(xué)到了更多，而且他們更愿意提出問(wèn)題并獲得額外的幫助。)”可知，與老師相處融洽在老師額外幫助下，學(xué)生更容易理解所學(xué)內(nèi)容，并取得好成績(jī)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“這樣可以更容易地理解新材料，并在測(cè)試中做到最好。”符合題意，故選擇F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。I,16,wasdiagnosedwithautism(自閉癥)asababy.Then,myfatherquithisjoband____21____hisfullattentiontoautism.In2012,helearnedthatswimmingcouldhelpautisticpeople____22____theirphysicalfitnessandgrowth.Sohespentmonthslearninghowtoswimbywatchingvideosandreadingbooks.HespentseveralmonthsteachingmeanddiscoveredthatIhad____23____developedtheabilitytocontrolmybreathunderwater,whichgreatlyincreasedhis____24____.Myfatherlaidthegroundworkformy____25____lessons.Twohandringsandaswingarefixedfromtheceilingtohelpme____26____mymusclesandlearnswimmingmovements.Ononewallofourhome____27____atableformyroutine____28____.Myfathersaidtoareporter,“I____29____toplanallhisexercisesforhim,butnowitisalluptohim.Hedecideshowmanyexerciseshewantstodo,andit’saprocessof_____30_____.”Inspiteofallthehardships,Ihavelearnedto_____31_____challenges.Imanagedtobecomea(n)_____32_____swimmer.In2021,Iwonfive_____33_____attwointernationalgames,includingagold._____34_____swimming,learningbasiclifeskillsisalsoanimportantpartoflifeforme.Thankstomyfather’s_____35_____,Ihavelearnedtobuyfoodandheldvoluntaryjobsatsupermarketsandfast-foodrestaurants.21.A.drew B.devoted C.applied D.caught22.A.correct B.dominate C.promote D.highlight23.A.gradually B.desperately C.unusually D.absolutely24.A.feedback B.interest C.appreciation D.faith25.A.swimming B.video C.reading D.pronunciation26.A.relax B.strengthen C.examine D.balance27.A.moves B.makes C.hangs D.rises28.A.workout B.diet C.examination D.life29.A.used B.setout C.happened D.intended30.A.freedom B.self-management C.self-defence D.association31.A.agreewith B.setup C.takeon D.turnup32.A.motivating B.demanding C.outgoing D.outstanding33.A.times B.medals C.championships D.opponents34.A.Incontrastto B.Becauseof C.Apartfrom D.Regardlessof35.A.persistence B.preference C.optimism D.enthusiasm【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.A29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章在講述了作者是自閉癥兒童，父親為了幫助兒子掌握生活技能，全身心投入到自閉癥的研究中，并耐心對(duì)兒子進(jìn)行游泳訓(xùn)練，最終作者在特奧會(huì)上取得了五枚獎(jiǎng)牌?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他辭去了電腦公司的工作，全身心投入到自閉癥的研究中。A.drew描繪；B.devoted投入；C.applied應(yīng)用；D.caught捉住。根據(jù)“He_____hisjobatacomputercompany”可知，他辭去了電腦公司的工作，把所有的注意力投入到自閉癥的研究中。短語(yǔ)“devote…to…(投身到……中)”，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在2012年，他了解到游泳可以幫助自閉癥患者提高他們的身體素質(zhì)和成長(zhǎng)。A.correct糾正；B.dominate支配；C.promote提高；促進(jìn)；D.highlight強(qiáng)調(diào)。根據(jù)下文“HespentseveralmonthsteachingmeanddiscoveredthatIhad____3____developedtheabilitytocontrolmybreathunderwater”可知，學(xué)習(xí)游泳可以幫助作者提高身體素質(zhì)及幫助他成長(zhǎng)，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此他花了幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間教我掌握，發(fā)現(xiàn)我逐漸地養(yǎng)成了在水下控制呼吸的能力，這大大增強(qiáng)了父親的信心。A.gradually逐漸地；B.desperately絕望地；C.unusually特別地；D.absolutely絕對(duì)地。根據(jù)前文“Hespentseveralmonthsteachingme”可知，父親花了幾個(gè)月教作者，作者逐漸地養(yǎng)成了水下呼吸的能力。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.feedback反饋意見；B.interest興趣；C.appreciation感激；D.faith信心。根據(jù)前文“discoveredthatIhad____3____developedtheabilitytocontrolmybreathunderwater”可知，父親的努力使得兒子有了進(jìn)步，因此提高了父親的信心。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我父親為我上游泳課打下了基礎(chǔ)。A.swimming游泳；B.video視頻；C.reading閱讀；D.pronunciation發(fā)音。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)earnswimmingmovements”和上下文可知，父親對(duì)作者的訓(xùn)練為作者上游泳課程打下了基礎(chǔ)。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)手環(huán)和一個(gè)秋千固定在天花板上，幫助我強(qiáng)健肌肉，學(xué)習(xí)游泳動(dòng)作。A.relax放松；B.strengthen加強(qiáng)；C.examine檢查；D.balance平衡。根據(jù)前文“Twohandringsandaswingarefixedfromtheceiling”和常識(shí)可知，屋頂上安裝的手環(huán)和秋千幫助作者加強(qiáng)肌肉鍛煉。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們家的一面墻上掛著一張桌子，用于我做日常鍛煉。A.moves移動(dòng)；B.makes做；C.hangs懸掛；D.rises上升。根據(jù)前文“Ononewallofourhome”可知，桌子掛在墻上。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.workout鍛煉；B.diet飲食；C.examination檢查；D.life生活。根據(jù)前文“Twohandringsandaswingarefixedfromtheceilingtohelpme____6____mymusclesandlearnswimmingmovements.”可知，家里設(shè)置了一些器械用于作者鍛煉，因此墻上的桌子也是用來(lái)鍛煉的。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：過(guò)去我為他計(jì)劃所有的練習(xí)，但現(xiàn)在一切都由他決定了。A.used使用；B.setout出發(fā)；C.happened發(fā)生；D.intended打算。根據(jù)下文“nowitisalluptohim.(現(xiàn)在都聽他的)”可知，過(guò)去由父親做計(jì)劃，現(xiàn)在作者說(shuō)了算，父親將選擇權(quán)交給了作者，usedto“過(guò)去常?！保蔬xA。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他決定自己想做多少運(yùn)動(dòng)，這是一個(gè)自我管理的過(guò)程。A.freedom自由；B.self-management自我管理；C.self-defence自衛(wèi)；D.association聯(lián)系。根據(jù)前文“nowitisalluptohim.Hedecideshowmanyexerciseshewantstodo”可知，作者自己計(jì)劃自己的訓(xùn)練，自己說(shuō)了算，自我管理。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：盡管困難重重，我還是學(xué)會(huì)了接受挑戰(zhàn)。A.agreewith同意；B.setup建立；C.takeon接受；承擔(dān)；D.turnup出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文“Inspiteofallthehardships”和后文“Imanagedtobecomea(n)____12____swimmer.”可知，盡管充滿困難，作者學(xué)會(huì)了接受挑戰(zhàn)。努力成為優(yōu)秀的游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。故選C。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我成功的成為了一名優(yōu)秀的游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。A.motivating激勵(lì)的；B.demanding要求苛刻的；C.outgoing外向的；D.outstanding杰出的。根據(jù)下文“In2021,Iwonfive____13____attwointernationalgames,includingagold.”可知，作