山東省泰安市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省泰安市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearefourlesswell-knownsitesinBritain.TheGiant’sCausewayLocatedonthenortherncoastofIreland,theGiant’sCausewayisanaturalphenomenonthatconsistsofthousandsofinterlockingbasalt(玄武巖)columns.Thecolumnswereformedbyanancientvolcaniceruptionandnowcreateanunforgettablelandscapethatlookslikeapathbuiltbygiants.VisitorscanwalkalongtheCausewayandtakeinthebreathtakingviewsoftheAtlanticOcean.AveburyCircleAveburyCircleisaprehistoricstonecirclelocatedinWiltshire,England.ItisthelargeststonecircleinEurope,withstonesupto30feettall.ThecirclewascreatedbyNeolithicpeoplearound2500BCandisaprooftotheirengineeringskillsandculturalpractices.Visitorscanexplorethecircleandlearnmoreaboutthisancientmonumentthroughguidedtoursandexhibitions.DartmoorDartmoorisanationalparklocatedinDevon,England,andisoneofthemostunspoiled(未被破壞的)placesinthecountry.Theparkisfamousforitswide-openspaces,rockyoutcrops,andancientstonecircles.Visitorscanenjoyhiking,horsebackriding,andwildlifewatchinginDartmoor,whichisalsohometoanabundanceofDartmoorponies,foxes,andperegrinefalcons(游隼).TheMinackTheatreTheMinackTheatreisauniqueopen-airamphitheater(圓形露天劇場(chǎng))locatedonthecliffsofCornwall,England.ItwascarvedoutoftherockfacebyRowenaCade,whotransformedhergardenintoatheaterforperformances.Today,visitorscanattendprofessionalproductionsattheMinackTheatre,whichoffersunforgettableviewsoftheAtlanticOceanandPorthcurnoBay.1.Wherecanyouhaveachancetowatchwildanimals?A.AveburyCircle. B.Dartmoor.C.TheGiant’sCauseway. D.TheMinackTheatre.2.Whichofthefollowingisafactpresentedinthepassage?A.Dartmoorhardlykeepsanoriginalstate.B.TheGiant’sCausewaywasbuiltbygiants.C.TheMinackTheatrewasnotintendedasatheatre.D.AveburyCircleisthelargeststonecircleintheworld.3.HowistheGiant’sCausewaydifferentfromtheothersites?A.ItislocatedinIreland. B.Ithasancientstonecircles.C.Visitorscanhaveacloseencounterwithit. D.VisitorscanenjoyviewsoftheAtlanticOcean.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了英國(guó)四個(gè)不太知名的景點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Visitorscanenjoyhiking,horsebackriding,andwildlifewatchinginDartmoor,whichisalsohometoanabundanceofDartmoorponies,foxes,andperegrinefalcons(游隼).(游客可以在達(dá)特穆爾享受徒步旅行、騎馬和觀賞野生動(dòng)物的樂趣，這里還是大量達(dá)特穆爾矮種馬、狐貍和游隼的棲息地)”可知，在達(dá)特穆爾有機(jī)會(huì)看到野生動(dòng)物。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ItwascarvedoutoftherockfacebyRowenaCade,whotransformedhergardenintoatheaterforperformances.(它是由羅威娜·凱德在巖石表面雕刻而成的，她把自己的花園變成了一個(gè)表演劇院)”可知，米納克劇院并不是作為一個(gè)劇院來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)的。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“LocatedonthenortherncoastofIreland,theGiant’sCausewayisanaturalphenomenonthatconsistsofthousandsofinterlockingbasalt(玄武巖)columns.(巨人之路位于愛爾蘭北部海岸，是一種自然現(xiàn)象，由數(shù)千根相互連接的玄武巖柱組成)”可知，巨人之路與其他景點(diǎn)的不同在于它位于愛爾蘭。故選A。BWhenYuanQiureceivedhisadmissionletterfromSouthwesternUniversity,hesmiledbroadlyfromthewheelchairhe’susedforfiveyears.Thenheturnedtohismother,XieXianlian,andsawshequicklywipedtearsaway,pretendinghereyeswereblurredbysand.The18-year-oldyoungmanisfromapoor,ruralfamilyinChongqing.Hisfatherdiedoflungcancerwhenhewasachild.Yuanwasdiagnosedwithprogressivemusculardystrophy(肌肉萎縮癥)whenhewasthreeyearsold.Hisolderbrother,whowasparalyzed(癱瘓),diedofthesamediseaseattheageof22.Afterlong-termmedication,Yuandecidedtostoptakingthemedicineduetoitshighcostandtherewasnosignhishealthwasgettingbetter.TheconditionworsenedasYuangrewolder.Hecouldonlywalkslowlyonflatgroundandreliedonotherstocarryhimupanddownstairs.Whenhewas14yearsold,hecouldnolongerstandupandhadtouseawheelchair.Atfirst,hismotherhesitatedbetweencontinuingYuan’seducationandsavingmoneyfortreatment.ButYuanwasdetermined.“ImustgotoschoolorIwillbeabsolutelyuseless,”hesaid.SoXiemadeapromisetoherself:“Iwillneverletmysondropout.”Toherrelief,Yuanwasalwayswillingtohelpherwithfarmworkasmuchashecould.Yuanandhismother’sperseverancemovedmanypeopleandalsowonthesupportofhisteachersandclassmates.“Heneveraskedformorebecauseofhisdisability,”oneofYuan’steacherssaid,“Hisstrongcharacteristicsunconsciouslyencouragedmeandthestudents.”Yuan’sstepfatheralsochangedhisattitudeafterseeingYuan’spersistenceandaspirationtostudyandgainknowledge.“Inevercomplaintohim;itisalossthattheydidn’tgetthechancetoread,”Yuansaid.Throughhisownefforts,Yuanscored670inthecollegeentranceexam.TheSouthwesternUniversitysaidtheywillarrangeajobforXie,soshecanbettertakecareofhersonwhileheisatuniversity.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blurred”inParagraph1mean?A.Covered. B.Blocked. C.Indistinct. D.Invisible.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesYuan?A.Adaptableandindecisive. B.Persistentandsensitive.C.Delicateandhard-working. D.Diligentandconsiderate.6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Yuan’sconditionimprovedwithlong-termmedication.B.Yuanalwayshasapositiveimpactonthepeoplearound.C.Diagnosedwithmusculardystrophy,Yuanwasparalyzed.D.Yuanandhisbrotherbothhadthesamedisease,butonlyherecovered.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.AnUnluckyMan’sLuckyLifeB.ARuralStudent’sJourneytoEducationC.AYoungManWhoReceivedHelpIsGratefulD.AYoungManinaWheelchairIsAdmittedtoUniversity【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了身殘志堅(jiān)的袁秋勇于克服困難考上西南大學(xué)的感人故事?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“WhenYuanQiureceivedhisadmissionletterfromSouthwesternUniversity,hesmiledbroadlyfromthewheelchairhe’susedforfiveyears.Thenheturnedtohismother,XieXianlian,andsawshequicklywipedtearsaway,pretendinghereyeswere

blurredbysand.(當(dāng)袁秋收到西南大學(xué)的錄取通知書時(shí)，坐在輪椅上坐了五年的他笑得很開心。然后他轉(zhuǎn)向他的母親謝顯蓮，看到她迅速擦去眼淚，假裝她的眼睛被沙子……了。)”可知，母親擦眼淚時(shí)不想讓兒子看見，因此她假裝眼睛被沙子“模糊”了，則indistinct(模糊的，不清楚的)可以解釋劃線詞，故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Atfirst,hismotherhesitatedbetweencontinuingYuan’seducationandsavingmoneyfortreatment.ButYuanwasdetermined.“ImustgotoschoolorIwillbeabsolutelyuseless,”hesaid.(起初，他的母親在繼續(xù)袁的教育和存錢治療之間猶豫不決。但是袁是堅(jiān)定的。他說：“我必須去上學(xué)，否則我就毫無(wú)用處了。”)

”以及下文“

Toherrelief,Yuanwasalwayswillingtohelpherwithfarmworkasmuchashecould.

(令她寬慰的是，袁總是愿意盡可能多地幫助她做農(nóng)活。)”可知，袁秋在身體殘疾的情況下堅(jiān)持上學(xué)，看得出他的意志力是堅(jiān)定的，并且主動(dòng)幫助媽媽可知他也是一個(gè)體貼的人，故選B。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“SoXiemadeapromisetoherself:“Iwillneverletmysondropout.”Toherrelief,Yuanwasalwayswillingtohelpherwithfarmworkasmuchashecould.Yuanandhismother’sperseverancemovedmanypeopleandalsowonthesupportofhisteachersandclassmates.“Heneveraskedformorebecauseofhisdisability,”oneofYuan’steacherssaid,“Hisstrongcharacteristicsunconsciouslyencouragedmeandthestudents.”Yuan’sstepfatheralsochangedhisattitudeafterseeingYuan’spersistenceandaspirationtostudyandgainknowledge.“Inevercomplaintohim,itisalossthattheydidn’tgetthechancetoread,”Yuansaid.(于是，謝向自己承諾：“我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)讓兒子輟學(xué)?！绷钏龑捨康氖牵偸窃敢獗M可能多地幫助她做農(nóng)活。袁和他母親的堅(jiān)持感動(dòng)了很多人，也贏得了老師和同學(xué)的支持。袁的一位老師說，“他從來(lái)沒有因?yàn)闅埣捕蟾?，他?jiān)強(qiáng)的性格在不知不覺中鼓勵(lì)了我和學(xué)生”。袁的繼父也在看到袁對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)和知識(shí)的執(zhí)著和渴望后改變了態(tài)度。袁說，“我從來(lái)沒有向他抱怨過，他們沒有機(jī)會(huì)讀書是一種損失”。)”可知，袁秋讓媽媽看到了希望，讓老師和同學(xué)備受鼓舞，讓繼父改變了對(duì)他的態(tài)度，因此，袁秋對(duì)周圍的人產(chǎn)生了積極的影響，故選B。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段的“WhenYuanQiureceivedhisadmissionletterfromSouthwesternUniversity,hesmiledbroadlyfromthewheelchairhe’susedforfiveyears.

(當(dāng)袁秋收到西南大學(xué)的錄取通知書時(shí)，坐在輪椅上坐了五年的他笑得很開心。)”可知，文章主要講述的是袁秋雖然身體殘疾，但他勇于克服困難，最后成功考上了西南大學(xué)的感人故事。故選D。COverlookingtheBibliotecadegliAlberiisMilan’s“Vertical(垂直的)Forest”:tworesidentialtowerblocksbuiltin2014thatarecoveredin800trees,4,500shrubsand15,000plants.Ifthisforestwasplantedontheground,itwouldcover20,000m2—thesizeofthreeandahalffootballfields.Eachyearthetreeswillabsorb10,000tonsofCO2and57tonsofpollutants.Theyshouldalsoproduceabout900tonsofoxygen.Boeri’steamofarchitectssaystheplantswillalsodecreasetheaverageairtemperature,createnoisebarriersandboostbiodiversitybycreatingahabitatforbirds,insectsandsmallanimals.Itisnotjustphysicalwellbeingthatisaidedbylargegreenstructuresinourcities.TheteambehindSydney’s100mhigh“verticalgarden”claimsitisanewformof“l(fā)ivingarchitecture”thatremindsusof“therestorativeimpactthatnaturehasonoursouls”.Justhowrestorativelivingneartreesandplantsisforoursoulsisopentodebate;butstudiesinGermanyhavesuggestedthatitcanbeextremelybeneficialforourbrains.Scientistsexaminedbrainimagesequences(順序)of341elderlyresidentsofBerlin,focusingparticularlyontheamygdala—thepartofthebrainthatcontrolsourfearresponsesandisresponsibleforstressandanxietydisorders.Theyfoundthattherewasstrongconnectionbetweenresidentslivingwithin1kmoftheforestsontheedgeofthecityandthosewiththehealthiestamygdala.Ahealthyamygdalameansbeinglesslikelytosufferfromthestressandanxietydisorderscontrolledbythispartofthebrain.Moodandanxietydisordersareupto56%higherinurbanenvironmentswhencomparedtorurallocations.Withtwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationpredictedtobelivingincitiesby2050,Milan’sVerticalForestmightshowtheworldawaytocreatehealthier,happierurbanspaces.8.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theareaofthecityforest. B.Thewayofbuildingcityforest.C.Thepositiveinfluenceonthecityforest. D.Theexpectedeffectofthecityforest.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheVerticalForest?A.Favorable. B.Suspicious. C.Objective. D.Indifferent.10.StudiesinGermanyshowthat______.A.amygdalacontrolsourfearresponsesB.livingnearforestsisbeneficialforoursoulsC.peopleneartheforestsarelesslikelytofeelanxiousD.moreresidentswillliveinVerticalForestinthefuture11.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Citiesareturningsuitableforpeopletolivein.B.Thereisaworldwidefocusonhowtoimprovebiodiversity.C.Milan’sVerticalForestbecomesanexampleofurbanbiodiversity.D.TheVerticalForestcoversthesizeofthreeandahalffootballfields.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了BibliotecadegliAlberi的是米蘭的“垂直森林”，Boeri的建筑師團(tuán)隊(duì)說，這些植物還將降低平均氣溫，制造噪音屏障，并通過為鳥類、昆蟲和小動(dòng)物創(chuàng)造棲息地來(lái)促進(jìn)生物多樣性。文章說明了城市中的大型綠色建筑不僅有助于身體和心理健康?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Eachyearthetreeswillabsorb10,000tonsofCO2and57tonsofpollutants.Theyshouldalsoproduceabout900tonsofoxygen.Boeri’steamofarchitectssaystheplantswillalsodecreasetheaverageairtemperature,createnoisebarriersandboostbiodiversitybycreatingahabitatforbirds,insectsandsmallanimals.(每年這些樹將吸收1萬(wàn)噸二氧化碳和57噸污染物。它們還應(yīng)該產(chǎn)生大約900噸氧氣。Boeri的建筑師團(tuán)隊(duì)說，這些植物還將降低平均氣溫，制造噪音屏障，并通過為鳥類、昆蟲和小動(dòng)物創(chuàng)造棲息地來(lái)促進(jìn)生物多樣性)”可知，第二段主要講了城市森林的預(yù)期效果。故選D。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withtwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationpredictedtobelivingincitiesby2050,Milan’sVerticalForestmightshowtheworldawaytocreatehealthier,happierurbanspaces.(預(yù)計(jì)到2050年，世界上三分之二的人口將居住在城市，米蘭的垂直森林可能會(huì)向世界展示一種創(chuàng)造更健康、更快樂的城市空間的方法)”可推知，作者對(duì)垂直森林的態(tài)度是支持的。故選A。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Justhowrestorativelivingneartreesandplantsisforoursoulsisopentodebate;butstudiesinGermanyhavesuggestedthatitcanbeextremelybeneficialforourbrains.(生活在樹木和植物附近對(duì)我們的靈魂有多大的恢復(fù)作用，這是一個(gè)值得討論的問題；但德國(guó)的研究表明，它對(duì)我們的大腦非常有益)”以及第四段“Theyfoundthattherewasstrongconnectionbetweenresidentslivingwithin1kmoftheforestsontheedgeofthecityandthosewiththehealthiestamygdala.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，居住在城市邊緣森林1公里范圍內(nèi)的居民與那些擁有最健康杏仁核的人之間存在很強(qiáng)的聯(lián)系)”可知，德國(guó)的研究表明靠近森林的人不太可能感到焦慮。故選C?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Boeri’steamofarchitectssaystheplantswillalsodecreasetheaverageairtemperature,createnoisebarriersandboostbiodiversitybycreatingahabitatforbirds,insectsandsmallanimals.(Boeri的建筑師團(tuán)隊(duì)說，這些植物還將降低平均氣溫，制造噪音屏障，并通過為鳥類、昆蟲和小動(dòng)物創(chuàng)造棲息地來(lái)促進(jìn)生物多樣性)”可知，作者可能會(huì)認(rèn)同米蘭的垂直森林成為城市生物多樣性的典范。故選C。DFoodshoppinghasbecomeadangerouspursuit.Ready-mealsarepackedwithsaltandpreservatives(防腐劑),breakfastcerealsaresweeterthanchocolatebars,andprocessedmeatsarepackedwithnitrite-preservatives,whichcanformharmfulcompoundswhencooked.Anewtermiscatchingontodescribethesenutritionalbadguys:ultra-processedfoods(UPFs).JusthowbadareUPFs,andwhatdotheydotous?Inhisnewbook,“Ultra-ProcessedPeople”,ChrisvanTulleken,adoctorandtelevisionpresenter,arguesthatUPFsdominatethefoodsupplyinrichcountries,andarealsocreepingintodietsinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.TheconceptofUPFswasputforwardbyCarlosMonteiro,aBrazilianscientist,in2009.HisteamobservedthatalthoughpeopleinBrazilwerebuyinglesssugarandoil,ratesofobesityandtype-2diabetes(糖尿病)wererising.Thatwasbecausetheywereinsteadeatingmoresugar,fatsandadditivesinpackagedsnacksandpre-mademeals.UPFsoftengothroughmanycomplicatedindustrialprocesses.Thatdoesnotmakethemallunhealthy—asoya-basedmeatsubstitutecanbepartofabalancedmeal—butthefrequentconsumptionofUPFscausesaseriesofissues.Arguably,someUPFsaremorealiketoindustrialproductsthanfood.ThereisplentyofevidencelinkingmanyingredientsinUPFs,suchassugar,salt,andsaturatedfats(反式脂肪),tonegativehealthoutcomes.YetUPFsarecheap,tastyandabundant,andforthoseonatightbudgetoronspecificdiets,suchasvegan(嚴(yán)格素食主義者),thereareoftenfewavailablealternatives.ItispossibletoeatwellbyselectingtherightUPFs,suchaswhole-graincereals.GovernmentscientistsattheAmericangovernment’sAgriculturalResearchServiceshoweditwaspossibletobuildahealthydietwith91%ofcaloriesfromselectedUPFs.ButMarionNestle,aprofessorofnutritionatNewYorkUniversity,criticisedthestudy,sayingtheresearchershadaconflictofinterestthroughtheirlinkstothefoodindustry.Betterstaycautiousinthosetrickysupermarketwalkways.12.HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinParagraph1?A.Byanalyzingcertainreasons. B.Bycomparingdifferentviews.C.ByexplainingthetermofUPFs. D.Byprovidingbackgroundinformation.13.WhatmakesUPFssobadforourhealth?A.Peopleareaddictedtothem.B.UPFscontainnonutrition.C.Theyarepackedwithartificialflavors.D.Theyarecalorie-rich,andnutrient-poor.14.WhatdoestheauthorwanttosayaboutUPFs?A.AllUPFsarenothealthy. B.UPFsaregoodfornothing.C.UPFsarenoteconomical. D.UPFsarepartofready-meals.15.What’stheopinionofMarionNestle?A.AhealthydietcancertainlybebuiltfromUPFs.B.ThinktwicebeforechoosingUPFswhenshopping.C.There’sanassociationbetweenintakeofUPFsandcancer.D.Governmentscientistsrepresenttheinterestsofconsumers.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了超加工食品（UPFs）以及超加工食品對(duì)健康有害的原因?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Foodshoppinghasbecomeadangerouspursuit.Ready-mealsarepackedwithsaltandpreservatives(防腐劑),breakfastcerealsaresweeterthanchocolatebars,andprocessedmeatsarepackedwithnitrite-preservatives,whichcanformharmfulcompoundswhencooked.Anewtermiscatchingontodescribethesenutritionalbadguys:ultra-processedfoods(UPFs).(食品購(gòu)物已成為一項(xiàng)危險(xiǎn)的追求。即食餐中充滿了鹽和防腐劑，早餐谷物比巧克力條還甜，加工肉類中充滿了亞硝酸鹽防腐劑，這些在烹飪時(shí)可以形成有害化合物。一個(gè)新的術(shù)語(yǔ)開始流行起來(lái)，用以描述這些營(yíng)養(yǎng)壞蛋：超加工食品（UPFs）)”可知，作者首先提到食品購(gòu)物已成為一項(xiàng)危險(xiǎn)的追求，即食餐中充滿了鹽和防腐劑，然后引入一個(gè)新的術(shù)語(yǔ)：超加工食品。由此推知，作者是通過解釋UPF這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)來(lái)引入話題的。故選C。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ThereisplentyofevidencelinkingmanyingredientsinUPFs,suchassugar,salt,andsaturatedfats(反式脂肪),tonegativehealthoutcomes.(有大量證據(jù)表明，UPFs中的許多成分，如糖、鹽和飽和脂肪，會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響)”可知，UPFs對(duì)我們的健康有害是因?yàn)樗鼈兏缓防?，營(yíng)養(yǎng)不足。故選D?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段段中“UPFsoftengothroughmanycomplicatedindustrialprocesses.Thatdoesnotmakethemallunhealthy—asoya-basedmeatsubstitutecanbepartofabalancedmeal—butthefrequentconsumptionofUPFscausesaseriesofissues.(UPF通常要經(jīng)過許多復(fù)雜的工業(yè)流程。這并不意味著它們都不健康——以大豆為基礎(chǔ)的肉類替代品可以成為均衡膳食的一部分——但頻繁食用UPF會(huì)導(dǎo)致一系列問題。)”可知，UPF并不是都不健康。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“GovernmentscientistsattheAmericangovernment’sAgriculturalResearchServiceshoweditwaspossibletobuildahealthydietwith91%ofcaloriesfromselectedUPFs.ButMarionNestle,aprofessorofnutritionatNewYorkUniversity,criticisedthestudy,sayingtheresearchershadaconflictofinterestthroughtheirlinkstothefoodindustry.Betterstaycautiousinthosetrickysupermarketwalkways.(美國(guó)政府農(nóng)業(yè)研究服務(wù)局的政府科學(xué)家表示，有可能建立一種健康的飲食，其中91%的卡路里來(lái)自選定的UPF。但紐約大學(xué)營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)教授MarionNestle批評(píng)了這項(xiàng)研究，稱研究人員與食品行業(yè)的關(guān)系存在利益沖突。在那些危險(xiǎn)的超市走道上最好保持謹(jǐn)慎)”可知，MarionNestle對(duì)于使用大部分UPF來(lái)建立健康的飲食這一研究持批判態(tài)度，指出在那些危險(xiǎn)的超市走道上最好保持謹(jǐn)慎。由此推知，他的觀點(diǎn)是“購(gòu)物時(shí)應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎選擇UPFs”。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Yourfamilymayhavespecialtraditions.Whethermakingcookies,walkingaroundtoenjoycolorfullights,orwatchingafavoriteholidaymovie,thesetraditionscanhelpyoufeelclosertothepeopleyoulove.____16____Here’showtogetstarted.Thinkaboutthetraditionsyourfamilyalreadyhas,thenwritethemdown.Askolderadultsinyourfamilywhattraditionstheyrememberparticipatinginaschildren.____17____Next,gatherthethoughtsyouandyourfamilymayhaveforbrand-newtraditions.____18____Forinstance,youcoulddiscussmakingaspecialonce-a-yearouting,likegoingtoanicerestaurantorseeingashow.____19____Thinkaboutwhothosepeopleareinyourfamily.Theycanhelpyouwithcreatingthe“guestlist”foranyspecialfamilygathering,pickingadateandtime,andchoosingthesetting.Theycanalsohelpyouplanavideocallwithlovedoneswhomaylivefarawaybutstillwanttoshareinthefun.Celebratingtraditionsisagreatwaytocreatefamilymemoriesthatlastforever.Considertakingphotoswhileyou’respendingtimetogether.Ifyoutryanewtradition,taketimeafterwardtoreflectonit.Didyourfamilyenjoyit?Isthereanythingyouwoulddodifferentlynexttime?Thepointofatraditionistolikeitsomuchthatyouwanttodoitagain.____20____A.Addthoseideastoyourlist.B.Traditionscanbesupersimple.C.Therefore,keepupthetraditionsonceyouestablishthem.D.Youcanenjoyestablishedtraditionsorcreatenewonestogether.E.It’salsoOKtochangeitinawaythatworksbestforyourfamily.F.Manyfamilieshavememberswholovetobringeveryonetogether.G.Therecouldbesometheymighthaveforgottenbutmayenjoyreviving.【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.F20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何在家庭中創(chuàng)造新的傳統(tǒng)?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Yourfamilymayhavespecialtraditions.Whethermakingcookies,walkingaroundtoenjoycolorfullights,orwatchingafavoriteholidaymovie,thesetraditionscanhelpyoufeelclosertothepeopleyoulove.(你的家庭可能有特殊的傳統(tǒng)。無(wú)論是做餅干，四處走走欣賞彩燈，還是看一部最喜歡的節(jié)日電影，這些傳統(tǒng)都能讓你覺得和你愛的人更親近)”以及后文“Here’showtogetstarted.(下面是如何開始)”可知，上文提到了家庭的傳統(tǒng)，結(jié)合文章后文則提到了如何開始新的傳統(tǒng)，故本句屬于過渡句，其承上啟下的作用，故D選項(xiàng)“你們可以享受既有的傳統(tǒng)，也可以一起創(chuàng)造新的傳統(tǒng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thinkaboutthetraditionsyourfamilyalreadyhas,thenwritethemdown.Askolderadultsinyourfamilywhattraditionstheyrememberparticipatinginaschildren.(想想你家里已經(jīng)有的傳統(tǒng)，然后把它們寫下來(lái)。問問家里的長(zhǎng)輩，他們記得小時(shí)候參加過哪些傳統(tǒng)活動(dòng))”可知，上文提到了詢問長(zhǎng)輩家里的傳統(tǒng)活動(dòng)，本句為本段最后一句，故承接上文說明長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)此的反應(yīng)。故G選項(xiàng)“有些人可能已經(jīng)忘記了，但他們可能會(huì)喜歡回憶”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Next,gatherthethoughtsyouandyourfamilymayhaveforbrand-newtraditions.(接下來(lái)，收集你和你的家人對(duì)新傳統(tǒng)的想法)”以及后文“Forinstance,youcoulddiscussmakingaspecialonce-a-yearouting,likegoingtoanicerestaurantorseeingashow.(例如，你可以討論一年一次特別的郊游，比如去一家不錯(cuò)的餐館或看一場(chǎng)表演)”可知，上文提到了收集想法，后文進(jìn)行了具體舉例，可知本句是在說明收集想法之后的做法。故A選項(xiàng)“把這些想法添加到你的列表中”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Thinkaboutwhothosepeopleareinyourfamily.Theycanhelpyouwithcreatingthe“guestlist”foranyspecialfamilygathering,pickingadateandtime,andchoosingthesetting.Theycanalsohelpyouplanavideocallwithlovedoneswhomaylivefarawaybutstillwanttoshareinthefun.(想想你家里都有哪些人。他們可以幫你為任何特殊的家庭聚會(huì)制作“客人名單”，選擇日期和時(shí)間，并選擇環(huán)境。它們還可以幫助你計(jì)劃與住得很遠(yuǎn)但仍想分享樂趣的親人進(jìn)行視頻通話)”可知，本段主要說明了如何組織家庭聚會(huì)，故F選項(xiàng)“許多家庭的成員都喜歡把大家聚在一起”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Celebratingtraditionsisagreatwaytocreatefamilymemoriesthatlastforever.Considertakingphotoswhileyou’respendingtimetogether.Ifyoutryanewtradition,taketimeafterwardtoreflectonit.Didyourfamilyenjoyit?Isthereanythingyouwoulddodifferentlynexttime?Thepointofatraditionistolikeitsomuchthatyouwanttodoitagain.(慶祝傳統(tǒng)是創(chuàng)造永恒的家庭記憶的好方法。當(dāng)你們?cè)谝黄鸬臅r(shí)候可以考慮拍照。如果你嘗試了一種新的傳統(tǒng)，之后花點(diǎn)時(shí)間反思一下。你的家人喜歡嗎？下次你有什么不一樣的地方嗎？傳統(tǒng)的意義在于你非常喜歡它，以至于你想再做一次)”可知，上文提到了嘗試新的傳統(tǒng)，本句為本段最后一句，上文提到了傳統(tǒng)的意義，可推測(cè)本句是在建議改變傳統(tǒng)。故E選項(xiàng)“以一種對(duì)你的家庭最有利的方式來(lái)改變它也是可以的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Afewyearsago,mydaughtertraveledtoEurope.It’salwaysabitnerve-wracking(傷腦筋的)toputyourchildonaplaneheadingtoanew____21____.ButMeghanisapretty____22____individual,andwebelievedthatshewouldmanageher____23____successfully.Inherfirstcalltousaftershe____24____,Meghantoldusthatherluggagehadbeenlost.Afterasleeplessnight,ouranxiety____25____untilMeghancalledinthemorning.LuckilyforMeghan,averyniceladynamedCarolhelpedherto____26____ahotelandcontacttheairportstafftofindherluggage.It____27____latersomeonehadtakenherluggagebymistake.CarolarrivedbyplaneinMunichinthemiddleofthenight.ShewasalawprofessorfromCalifornia.She____28____thatMeghanwasayoungcollegestudenttraveling____29____andwasnowinastrangecitywheresheknewnoone.Beingamotherofgrownchildren,whohad,intheirtravels,neededtorelyonthe____30____ofstrangers,Carolstepped____31____tohelp.WethenputthroughCarol’snumberandexpressedour____32____.WediscoveredthatCarolhadherGermanheritage,andwasteachinginGermanyto____33____withherGermanroots.I’mgratefultoCarolforhelpingourdaughteroutinsucha(n)____34____situation.I’lltrytobe____35____towaystoassisttravelersandhelppeoplewhoarenewtoourcommunity.21.A.school B.company C.position D.destination22.A.capable B.positive C.generous D.enthusiastic23.A.budgets B.feelings C.connections D.behaviors24.A.left B.landed C.boarded D.returned25.A.reduced B.mounted C.emerged D.disappeared26.A.callat B.checkup C.calloff D.checkin27.A.turnedout B.foundout C.figuredout D.madeout28.A.knew B.heard C.recognized D.predicted29.A.alone B.around C.regularly D.lonely30.A.company B.kindness C.sympathy D.encouragement31.A.by B.aside C.away D.forward32.A.gratitude B.complaint C.satisfaction D.happiness33.A.deal B.reunite C.reconnect D.correspond34.A.urgent B.dangerous C.undefined D.awkward35.A.loyal B.open C.accustomed D.conservative【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.B26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.A33.C34.A35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的女兒獨(dú)自去歐洲旅行時(shí)，下飛機(jī)發(fā)現(xiàn)行李丟了，多虧了一名好心的女士，幫助女兒入住了酒店提供了幫助，作者一家對(duì)此非常感激。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：把你的孩子送上飛往一個(gè)新目的地的飛機(jī)總是有點(diǎn)傷腦筋。A.school學(xué)校；B.company公司；C.position位置；D.destination目的地。根據(jù)上文“Afewyearsago,mydaughtertraveledtoEurope.(幾年前，我女兒去歐洲旅行)”可知，女兒要去歐洲旅行，所以是去一個(gè)新的目的地。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但梅根是一個(gè)非常有能力的人，我們相信她會(huì)成功地管理好她的關(guān)系。A.capable有能力的；B.positive積極的；C.generous慷慨的；D.enthusiastic熱情的。根據(jù)后文“webelievedthatshewouldmanageher”可知，作者放心女兒去旅行是因?yàn)榕畠悍浅Ｄ芨?。故選A。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但梅根是一個(gè)非常有能力的人，我們相信她會(huì)成功地管理好她的關(guān)系。A.budgets預(yù)算；B.feelings感覺；C.connections連接，關(guān)系；D.behaviors行為。根據(jù)上文“individual,andwebelievedthatshewouldmanageher”可知，梅根很能干，所以她獨(dú)自去旅行作者不擔(dān)心，認(rèn)為她會(huì)成功地管理好她的關(guān)系。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：梅根降落后第一次打電話給我們，告訴我們她的行李丟了。A.left離開；B.landed著陸，降落；C.boarded搭乘；D.returned返回。上文“putyourchildonaplane”提到送上飛機(jī)，所以是降落后打的電話。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過一個(gè)不眠之夜，我們的焦慮與日俱增，直到第二天早上梅根打來(lái)電話。A.reduced減少；B.mounted增加；C.emerged出現(xiàn)；D.disappeared消失。根據(jù)上文“Afterasleeplessnight,ouranxiety”可知，得知女兒行李丟了，作者的焦慮急劇增加。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，一位名叫卡羅爾的非常好的女士幫助梅根入住了一家酒店，并聯(lián)系了機(jī)場(chǎng)工作人員，找到了她的行李。A.callat在……停留；B.checkup檢查；C.calloff取消；D.checkin入住。根據(jù)后文“ahotelandcontacttheairportstafftofindherluggage”可知，女兒得到了好心人的幫助，入住了一家酒店。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：后來(lái)才知道有人錯(cuò)拿了她的行李。A.turnedout結(jié)果是；B.foundout查明；C.figuredout弄清楚；D.madeout理解。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)atersomeonehadtakenherluggagebymistake”可知，事后才得知是有人錯(cuò)拿了行李。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她認(rèn)出梅根是一個(gè)獨(dú)自旅行的年輕大學(xué)生，現(xiàn)在在一個(gè)陌生的城市，她不認(rèn)識(shí)任何人。A.knew知道；B.heard聽見；C.recognized認(rèn)出；D.predicted預(yù)測(cè)。根據(jù)上文“CarolarrivedbyplaneinMunichinthemiddleofthenight.ShewasalawprofessorfromCalifornia.(卡羅爾半夜乘飛機(jī)到達(dá)慕尼黑。她是加州的法學(xué)教授)”可知，卡羅爾認(rèn)出了梅根是一個(gè)大學(xué)生，故選C?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她認(rèn)出梅根是一個(gè)獨(dú)自旅行的年輕大學(xué)生，現(xiàn)在在一個(gè)陌生的城市，她不認(rèn)識(shí)任何人。A.alone單獨(dú)地；B.around在周圍；C.regularly定期地；D.lonely孤獨(dú)地。根據(jù)后文“andwasnowinastrangecitywheresheknewnoone”指梅根獨(dú)自旅行。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)成年孩子的母親，他們?cè)诼猛局行枰揽磕吧说纳埔猓_爾挺身而出，幫助他們。A.company陪伴；B.kindness善良；C.sympathy同情；D.encouragement鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)上文“averyniceladynamedCarolhelpedherto”可知，此處指依靠陌生人的善意。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)成年孩子的母親，他們?cè)诼猛局行枰揽磕吧说纳埔猓_爾挺身而出，幫助他們。A.by借助，經(jīng)過；B.aside在旁邊；C.away遠(yuǎn)離；D.forward向前。根據(jù)上文卡羅爾幫助梅根入住酒店和“Carolstepped”可知，此處指卡羅爾為女兒挺身而出，提供幫助。故選D。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我們接通了卡羅爾的電話，并表達(dá)了我們的感激之情。A.gratitude感激；B.complaint投訴；C.satisfaction滿足；D.happiness快樂。根據(jù)后文“I’mgratefultoCarol”以及結(jié)合上文可知，卡羅爾幫助了作者的女兒，所以作者電話表達(dá)感激。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)卡羅爾有德國(guó)血統(tǒng)，她在德國(guó)教書是為了重新與她的德國(guó)根聯(lián)系起來(lái)。A.deal交易；B.reunite團(tuán)結(jié)；C.reconnect重新連接；D.correspond符合，通信。根據(jù)上文“WediscoveredthatCarolhadherGermanheritage”可知，卡羅爾有德國(guó)血統(tǒng)，她在德國(guó)教書是為了重新與她的德國(guó)根聯(lián)系起來(lái)。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很感激卡羅爾在如此緊急的情況下幫助我們的女兒。A.urgent緊急的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.undefined不明確的；D.awkward尷尬的。根據(jù)上文可知，女兒下了飛機(jī)發(fā)現(xiàn)行李丟了，所以是緊急情況。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我將嘗試以開放的方式幫助旅行者和新來(lái)的人。A.loyal忠誠(chéng)的；B.open開放的；C.accustomed習(xí)慣的；D.conservative保守的。根據(jù)后文“assisttravelersandhelppeoplewhoarenewtoourcommunity”可知，作者愿意以開放的方式幫助旅行者和新來(lái)的人。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheShanghaiOperaHousegaveapreviewonAug25ofitsupcomingproductionTheNinthYearofYonghe,____36____willpremiere(首映)attheShanghaiGrandTheatre.Theproduction,inspiredbyoneofthemost____37____(celebrate)piecesofcalligraphyinChinesehistory,LantingjiXu,hasbeendirectedbyWangYabin.LastweektheoperahouseinvitedmembersofthemediatoateapartyatShenYuan,a____38____(tradition)ChinesegardenintheExpoCulturePark,____39____(watch)theperformance.“WangXizhi____40____(keep)gee