山東省聊城市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期英語期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省聊城市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期英語期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADublinisIreland’slargestcity,butwhenyougettiredofurbanexploration,there’splentytoseeinthesurroundingcountryside.Here’sourpickofthebestdaytripsfromDublin.Howthvillage,foratasteoftheIrishseasideHowthisaprettyharborvillagewithgreatcoastalviews.BehindthevillageliesHowthCastle,thesiteofwhichhasbeenhometoStLawrencefamilysincethe12thcentury.It’sopentothepublicforguidedtoursonlyduringsummer.Allothertimesyou’refreetowanderaroundthecastlegrounds.PowerscourtEstate,foratasteofhowIreland’sotherhalflivedPowerscourtEstatewaslaidoutinthe1730sbyRichardCassels,thegreatestIrisharchitectoftheGeorgianera.It’seasytofilladaywanderingaroundtheformalgardenswherethehandsomefountainwasmodeledonafountaininRome’sPiazzaBarberiniBrúnaBóinne,whereancientIrelandcomestolifeThevalleyoftheRiverBoynewasoncethefocusofaprehistoriccivilizationToday,thevariousrelicsinthevalleyarepreservedasBrúnaBóinne.Therearethreepassagetombshereofglobalimportance—Newgrange,KnowthandDowth.Ofthese,Newgrangeisthemostimpressive.Itdatesfrom3200BCE—somesixcenturiesolderthanthegreatpyramids(金字塔)ofEgypt.CastletownHouse,forareminderofIreland’sworldwidegrandeurAtthetimeofhisdeathin1729,lawyerandtaxcommissionerWilliamConollywastherichestmaninIreland.GrandCastletownHousewasbuiltashiscountryresidencein1722.ItwasbasedondesignsbyItalianarchitectAllesandroGalilei,andextendedbytheyoungIrisharchitectEdwardLovettPearce,whohadrecentlyreturnedfromaGrandTourofItaly.1.WhatshouldbetakenintoaccountwhenvisitingHowthCastle?A.Price. B.Season. C.Transport. D.Security.2.WhatcanBrúnaBóinnemostprobablybe?A.Aheritagesite. B.AnEgyptianpyramid.C.Anobservationalplatform. D.Ahistoricaldocumentary.3.WhowasCastletownHousebuiltfor?A.RichardCassels. B.AllesandroGalilei.C.WilliamConolly. D.EdwardLovettPearce.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了愛爾蘭首都都柏林值得鄉(xiāng)村探索的幾個(gè)地方?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Howthvillage,foratasteoftheIrishseaside下“BehindthevillageliesHowthCastle,thesiteofwhichhasbeenhometoStLawrencefamilysincethe12thcentury.It’sopentothepublicforguidedtoursonlyduringsummer.Allothertimesyou’refreetowanderaroundthecastlegrounds.(村莊后面是豪斯城堡，自12世紀(jì)以來，圣勞倫斯家族就住在這里。它只在夏天對(duì)公眾開放，供導(dǎo)游帶團(tuán)參觀。其他時(shí)間你可以在城堡里自由漫步)”可知，想要參觀豪斯城堡，需要注意參觀季節(jié)，只在夏天對(duì)外開放。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BrúnaBóinne,whereancientIrelandcomestolife下“Today,thevariousrelicsinthevalleyarepreservedasBrúnaBóinne.Therearethreepassagetombshereofglobalimportance—Newgrange,KnowthandDowth.(如今，山谷里的各種遺跡被保存為BrúnaBóinne。這里有三座具有全球重要性的通道墓——紐格蘭奇、Knowth和Dowth)”可知，BrúnaBóinne是一處文化遺址。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CastletownHouse,forareminderofIreland’sworldwidegrandeur下“Atthetimeofhisdeathin1729,lawyerandtaxcommissionerWilliamConollywastherichestmaninIreland.GrandCastletownHousewasbuiltashiscountryresidencein1722.(1729年去世時(shí)，律師兼稅務(wù)專員威廉·康諾利是愛爾蘭最富有的人。1722年，他在鄉(xiāng)間建造了大城堡城住宅)”可知，CastletownHouse是WilliamConolly所建。故選C。BFrommyearliestyears,mymotherwasdeterminedtosurroundmewithbooks.ShebegangivingmemyownDisneyBookoftheMonthClubsubscriptionwhenIwasonlya3-year-oldboy.Welivedonadead-endroadinasmallruraltownwithnootherkidswithwhomIcouldplay,sobooksweremyclosestcompanionsandIdevelopedadeeploveforthem.Iconsumedeachbookthenimmediatelysearchedforthenext.Aglassdisplaycabinet(陳列柜)inourlivingroomheldawiderangeoftreasures:MyearliestchapterbookgiftwasablackleathereditionofTheCompleteEdgarAllanPoeTalesthatmyfathergavemetofeedmyloveofscarystones.IwasfascinatedbyEdgarAllanPoeandhewaslikelytheinfluenceforthethrillingBlackCatAdventuresthatIpennedinmythird-gradeclass.TheshelfalsoheldmytreasuredcollectionofJamesHerriotstones,ahardcovereditionwithphotographsandpencilillustrations.Inelementaryschool,thelibrarian,Mrs.Dudek,alwaysaccompaniedmeasIworkedmywayupanddowntherowsofoptions,takinghertimetorecommendbooksshethoughtwerejustright.Sometimeduringsixthgrade.Ialmostfinishedreadingoursmalllibrary’ssupply.Thenoneweekend.Mrs,Dudekshowedmeapileofbooksputawaybehindherchair.Sheexplainedthatsheneededtodecidewhetherthesebooksweremoreappropriatefortheelementaryormiddleschoolshelvesandaskedmeformyhelpinmakingthatdecision.Iwasthrilledwiththeweightofthisadultresponsibility.Eachweek,Mrs.Dudekgavemeabooktoread.OnceIhadfinished.we’dmeetandtalkaboutitscontentandmyrecommendationastoitsfinaldestination,whichsheconsideredrespectfully.Theseexchangeselectrifiedme,notonlybecauseshevaluedmyopinionbutalsobecause,forthefirsttime,Iwastalkingaboutbookswithanotherperson.Thisfilledmewithanew,unfamiliarfeeling—onethatIpursueevennow.4.Whichbestdescribestheauthor’srelationshipwithbookswhenhewasyoung?A.Inseparable. B.Indifferent C.Cooperative. D.Unstable.5.WhywastheglassdisplaycabinetmentionedinParagraph2?A.Toshowoffhisfamilytreasure. B.Toillustratehisloveforbooks.C.Tointroducesomefamouswriters. D.Torecommendhighly-ratedworks.6.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenMrs.Dudekaskedhimtohelpclassifybooks?A.Alarmed. B.Trusted. C.Bored. D.Stressed.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.TheauthorencounteredanelectricshockB.Theauthorneverfeltbeingrespectedbefore.C.Mrs.Dudekhadadeepinfluenceontheauthor.D.Mrs.Dudekwasinconvincibleinbookdiscussions.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從小受母親影響愛上閱讀，在成長(zhǎng)過程中與書籍為伴，并在小學(xué)時(shí)得到圖書管理員的幫助，開始參與書籍分類的決策過程，與之討論書籍內(nèi)容，這激發(fā)了他對(duì)書籍更深的熱愛和對(duì)與人交流讀書感受的渴望?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Welivedonadead-endroadinasmallruraltownwithnootherkidswithwhomIcouldplay,sobooksweremyclosestcompanionsandIdevelopedadeeploveforthem.(我們住在一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)村小鎮(zhèn)的一條死胡同里，沒有別的孩子可以和我一起玩，所以書是我最親密的伙伴，我對(duì)它們產(chǎn)生了深深的愛。)”可知，作者沒有其他孩子可以一起玩，書籍成為了他最親密的伙伴，并且他深深地愛上了它們。A選項(xiàng)“Inseparable.不可分離的”最能描述作者小時(shí)候與書籍的關(guān)系。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Iconsumedeachbookthenimmediatelysearchedforthenext.(我把每一本書都看完，然后馬上尋找下一本。)”以及“Aglassdisplaycabinet(陳列柜)inourlivingroomheldawiderangeoftreasures:Myearliestchapterbookgiftwasablackleathereditionof

TheCompleteEdgarAllanPoeTales

thatmyfathergavemetofeedmyloveofscarystones.IwasfascinatedbyEdgarAllanPoeandhewaslikelytheinfluenceforthethrillingBlackCatAdventuresthatIpennedinmythird-gradeclass.(客廳里的一個(gè)玻璃陳列柜里放著各種各樣的珍寶：我最早的章節(jié)書禮物是一本黑色皮革版的《埃德加·愛倫·坡故事集全集》，是我父親送給我的，以滿足我對(duì)恐怖石頭的熱愛。我被埃德加·愛倫·坡迷住了，我在三年級(jí)時(shí)寫的驚險(xiǎn)的《黑貓歷險(xiǎn)記》很可能就是受他的影響。)”可知，作者家的玻璃陳列柜里擺放著作者珍愛的書籍收藏，這些都是作者熱愛的書籍。因此，提到玻璃陳列柜是為了說明作者對(duì)書籍的熱愛。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sheexplainedthatsheneededtodecidewhetherthesebooksweremoreappropriatefortheelementaryormiddleschoolshelvesandaskedmeformyhelpinmakingthatdecision.Iwasthrilledwiththeweightofthisadultresponsibility.(她解釋說，她需要決定這些書是更適合放在小學(xué)還是中學(xué)的書架上，并請(qǐng)我?guī)兔ψ鰶Q定。我為這個(gè)成年人的責(zé)任感到激動(dòng)。)”可知，當(dāng)Mrs.Dudek需要決定是否一些書籍更適合小學(xué)還是中學(xué)的書架，并請(qǐng)求作者幫助她做出決定的時(shí)候，作者感到激動(dòng)，因?yàn)檫@是成年人的責(zé)任。因此，當(dāng)Mrs.Dudek讓作者幫忙分類書籍時(shí)，作者感到被信任。故選B。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Eachweek,Mrs.Dudekgavemeabooktoread.OnceIhadfinished.we’dmeetandtalkaboutitscontentandmyrecommendationastoitsfinaldestination,whichsheconsideredrespectfully.Theseexchangeselectrifiedme,notonlybecauseshevaluedmyopinionbutalsobecause,forthefirsttime,Iwastalkingaboutbookswithanotherperson.Thisfilledmewithanew,unfamiliarfeeling—onethatIpursueevennow.(每個(gè)星期，Dudek太太都會(huì)給我一本書讓我讀。一旦我完成了。我們會(huì)見面討論書的內(nèi)容，以及我對(duì)書的最終目的地的建議，她很尊重我的建議。這些交流讓我興奮不已，不僅因?yàn)樗匾曃业囊庖?，還因?yàn)檫@是我第一次和另一個(gè)人談?wù)摃?。這讓我充滿了一種全新的、不熟悉的感覺——一種直到現(xiàn)在我仍在追尋的感覺。)”可知，Mrs.Dudek每周給作者一本書讀，并和他討論書籍內(nèi)容和建議，這讓作者感到興奮，并且讓他有了與另一個(gè)人談?wù)摃男赂杏X，這種感覺他一直追求到現(xiàn)在。因此，可以推斷出Mrs.Dudek對(duì)作者產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。故選C。COnarainyafternooninAspinwall.Pennsylvania,agroupofamateurmusiciansgatheredtolaydownafewtracks.Thiswasn’tthefirsttimethebandhadperformedtogether,butitwastheirfirsttimeinarecordingstudio.Theband,whichcallsitselfInfinity,firstperformeditsworkatthe2022PittsburghSchizophreniaConferenceinNovember.Allfourbandmembersarediagnosed(診斷)withschizophrenia,amentaldisorderthatcancausepeopletointerpretrealityinabnormalways.InfinityformedfiveyearsagowhenFlavioChamis,aBraziliancomposerandconductor,beganworkingwiththeUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter(UPMC)onhowtousemusiclotreatmentalillness.“Havingamentalhealthdiagnosisisnotareasontonothaveacreativelife,”Chamissaid.Schizophreniacanbedisabling,butplayingmusiccanhelp,accordingtoagrowingbodyofresearch.ChamisandK.N.RoyChengappa,aprofessoratUPMC.arecontinuingtheireffortswiththefourmusiciansandtofurtherinvestigatemusicalinterventions(介入,干預(yù))inmentalhealthoutcomes.Asimagingtechniquesadvance,scientistsareworkingtoanswerpreciselywhymusicaffectsthebraininthewaysthatitdoes.Playingmusicseemstohaveanimpactontimingsystemsinthebrain,whichareaffectedbymajordepression,schizophreniaandotherillnesses.Thereisresearchindicatingthattrainingpatientstoplayinrhythm(節(jié)奏)caninfacthelpretrainthebraininotherlessobviousways.Interventionstendtohavepositiveeffects,buttheresearchisstillinearlystages.Thebanddoesn’thavemuchformalmusictraining,buttheyplayedandsangwithtouchingsincerity.“It’snotsupposedtobeprofessionalorperfect,”Chengappasaid.“Oneofthemhasbeenmypatientfor20years...They’vereallyimproved.”ChamisledtheInfinityrecordingfromthepiano,witheachmusicianinaseparatesound-proofroomlisteningtooneanotheronheadphones.“It’sbeengreatworkingonthiswithChamis,”saidguitaristDavidBaird.“Ilovedfeelinglikeaprofessional.Iwantmore.”8.WhatisspecialaboutthebandInfinity?A.Allthememberswereprofessionals.B.Allthemembershavementaldisorders.C.Itperformedforpeoplewithschizophrenia.D.Itgaveitsfirstperformanceinarecordingstudio.9.WhydidFlavioChamisstartthebandInfinity?A.Totestthemembers’creativityinmusic.B.Toinvestigatethecausesofmentaldisorder.C.Tostudytheeffectofmusiconmentalillness.D.TogainthechancetocooperatewithUPMC.10.Howwillmusicaffectthebrainaccordingtothetext?A.Byadaptingittorhythminmusic. B.Bychangingitsreactiontime.C.Byemployingimagingapproaches. D.Byinterveningitstimingsystems.11.Whatcanweinferaboutbandmembers?A.They’veearnedahigherincome. B.They’vegotridofdepression.C.They’vereleasedpersonalrecords. D.They’vebecomemoreconfident【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了一支由四個(gè)患有精神分裂癥的業(yè)余音樂家組成的樂隊(duì)，以及巴西作曲家和指揮家Chamis與匹茲堡大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心的專家們共同研究如何利用音樂來治療精神疾病。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Allfourbandmembersarediagnosed(診斷)withschizophrenia,amentaldisorderthatcancausepeopletointerpretrealityinabnormalways.(所有四名樂隊(duì)成員都被診斷為精神分裂癥，這是一種會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們以異常方式解讀現(xiàn)實(shí)的精神障礙。)”可知，該樂隊(duì)所有的成員都患有精神疾病。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“InfinityformedfiveyearsagowhenFlavioChamis,aBraziliancomposerandconductor,beganworkingwiththeUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter(UPMC)onhowtousemusiclotreatmentalillness.(五年前，當(dāng)巴西作曲家和指揮家FlavioChamis開始與匹茲堡大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心合作，研究如何利用音樂治療精神疾病時(shí)，Infinity成立了。)”和第五段“ChamisandK.N.RoyChengappa,aprofessoratUPMC.arecontinuingtheireffortswiththefourmusiciansandtofurtherinvestigatemusicalinterventions(介入,干預(yù))inmentalhealthoutcomes.(Chamis和UPMC教授K.N.RoyChengapa正在繼續(xù)與四位音樂家合作，并進(jìn)一步研究音樂干預(yù)對(duì)心理健康結(jié)果的影響。)”可知，Chamis幫助組建Infinity樂隊(duì)是為了研究音樂對(duì)精神疾病的治療效果。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Playingmusicseemstohaveanimpactonlimingsystemsinthebrain,whichareaffectedbymajordepression,schizophreniaandotherillnesses.(播放音樂似乎對(duì)大腦中的計(jì)時(shí)系統(tǒng)有影響，而大腦中的計(jì)時(shí)系統(tǒng)會(huì)受到嚴(yán)重抑郁癥、精神分裂癥和其他疾病的影響。)”可知，音樂通過干預(yù)大腦的計(jì)時(shí)系統(tǒng)來影響大腦。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段“‘It’snotsupposedtobeprofessionalorperfect,’Chengappasaid.‘Oneofthemhasbeenmypatientfor20years...They’vereallyimproved.’(‘它不應(yīng)該是專業(yè)的或完美的，’Chengappa說?！渲幸粋€(gè)是我20年的病人……他們真的成長(zhǎng)起來了。’)”可知，Chegappa認(rèn)為樂隊(duì)成員們雖然并不專業(yè)，但是他們通過自己的不斷努力和堅(jiān)持，已經(jīng)開花結(jié)果，真正成長(zhǎng)了，所以他們會(huì)變得更加自信。故選D項(xiàng)。DInthegeneticage,ecologists’jobsaremademucheasierbytwothings.Oneisthateveryorganismcarriesitsownchemicalidentitycard,intheformofitsgenome(基因組).ThesecondisthattheydroptheseIDcardseverywheretheygo,whichallowsscientiststoharvestthis“environmentalDNA”(eDNA)fromsoil,sand,waterandthelike,anduseittokeeptrackofwhichspeciesarelivingwhere.“Everyorganism,”ofcourse,includeshumans.InapaperpublishedonMay15thinNatureEcology&Evolution,researchersreportthatsucheDNAsurveyspickuplargequantitiesofhumanDNAaswellastheanimalsort.Theresearchersdidn’tsetouttostudy“inadvertenthumangeneticbycatch”,astheycallthephenomenon.TheworkbeganattheWitneySeaTurtleHospitalinFlorida,duringaninvestigationintoaviralturtledisease.Theresearcherssampledwaterfromtheturtle’stanks,aswellasfromoceanwaterandbeachesuponwhichthecreaturesnested,lookingforviralDNA.TheyexpectedtosweepupDNAfromotherspeciesduringtheirtrawl(拖網(wǎng)).WhatwassurprisingwasjusthowmuchhumanDNAtheyfound.Interested,theyexpandedtheirsearch.InbothFloridaandinIrelandtheyfoundhumanDNAinrivers,inbeachsand,andeveninairfromroomsinwhichhumanshadbeenworkingHumanDNAisnotquiteeverywhere:itwasnotdetectableindeepoceanwater,oronremotebeachesclosedtothepublic.Butanywherethathumansare,theirDNAappearstobeaswellInonesense,thatisunsurprising.Butadvancesingene-sequencingmeanttherewasenoughinformationinthesamplestofigureoutplentyofthingsaboutthehumansinquestion.Theycouldpickoutmales,inferanindividual’sancestors,anddetectaperson’sdiseaseriskDavidDuffy,anauthorofthepaper,saidtheamountandqualityoftheDNAtheydiscoveredoutnumberedtheminimumnecessarytobeincludedinAmerica’sdatabaseofmissingpeople.Theresearchesdidnottrytoidentifyindividualsintheirstudy,astheythoughtitwasagainsthumanity.Buttheyhadnodoubtitcouldbedone.12.WhatdoweknowabouteDNA?A.ItprovidesanovelwaytomakeIDcards.B.ItoffersanewinsightintotheroleofenvironmentC.Ithelpsresearcherstorestoreindividualorganisms.D.Itcontainsmuchgeneticinformationaboutvariousspecies.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inadvertent”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Familiar B.Insensitive. C.Accidental D.Complex14.WhatdidtheresearchersthinkofidentifyingindividualsusingtheDNA?A.Itwasmorallyunacceptable. B.Itwasoutofthequestion.C.Itwastechnicallychallenging. D.Itwastootime-consuming15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BreakthroughsintheStudyofaViralTurtleDiseaseB.TheApplicationofEnvironmentalDNAinReservesC.IdentificationofMissingPersonsthroughGeneticInformationD.HumanDNA’sWidespreadExistenceinEnvironmentalSamples【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講的是人類DNA在環(huán)境樣本中的普遍存在及其相關(guān)應(yīng)用。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneisthateveryorganismcarriesitsownchemicalidentitycard,intheformofitsgenome(基因組).(一是每個(gè)生物都有自己的化學(xué)身份證，以基因組的形式存在。)”和“ThesecondisthattheydroptheseIDcardseverywheretheygo,whichallowsscientiststoharvestthis‘environmentalDNA’(eDNA)fromsoil,sand.waterandthelike,anduseittokeeptrackofwhichspeciesarelivingwhere.(第二，他們把這些身份信息放在任何地方，這使科學(xué)家能夠從土壤、沙子、水中獲取這種‘環(huán)境DNA’（eDNA），并用它來追蹤哪些物種生活在哪里。)”可知，“環(huán)境DNA”里有DNA，而DNA包含了物種的遺傳信息，因此關(guān)于eDNA正確的說法是它包含了許多關(guān)于各種物種的遺傳信息。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“TheworkbeganattheWitneySeaTurtleHospitalinFlorida,duringaninvestigationintoaviralturtledisease.(這項(xiàng)工作始于佛羅里達(dá)州的WitneySeaTurtleHospital，當(dāng)時(shí)正在調(diào)查一種海龜病毒性疾病。)”和“WhatwassurprisingwasjusthowmuchhumanDNAtheyfound.(令人驚訝的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了多少人類DNA。)”可知，人類DNA是無意中被發(fā)現(xiàn)的，劃線詞所在句子表示“研究人員稱這種現(xiàn)象為“無意的人類遺傳副產(chǎn)品”，但他們并沒有開始研究這種現(xiàn)象”，劃線詞inadvertent的意思是“無意的”，和accidental意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearchesdidnottrytoidentifyindividualsintheirstudy,astheythoughtitwasagainsthumanity.(這些研究并沒有試圖在他們的研究中識(shí)別個(gè)人，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這是反人類的。)”可知，研究者認(rèn)為使用DNA識(shí)別個(gè)人在道德上是不可接受的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“InapaperpublishedonMay15thinNatureEcology&Evolution,researchersreportthatsucheDNAsurveyspickuplargequantitiesofhumanDNAaswellastheanimalsort.(在5月15日發(fā)表在《自然生態(tài)與進(jìn)化》雜志上的一篇論文中，研究人員報(bào)告說，這種eDNA調(diào)查可以檢測(cè)到大量的人類DNA和動(dòng)物DNA。)”可知，本文主要講的是人類DNA在環(huán)境樣本中的普遍存在及其相關(guān)應(yīng)用，因此本文最好的題目是D選項(xiàng)HumanDNA’sWidespreadExistenceinEnvironmentalSamples(人類DNA在環(huán)境樣本中的廣泛存在)。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).Aprimarygoalofculturallyresponsiveeducationistohelpallstudentsbecomerespectfulofvariousculturesandpeoplethatthey’llinteractwith.However,theworldismorecomplexanddiversethantheenvironmentthatstudentsinhabit.____16____Thenwhatmightaneducatordotopromotediverseculturesintheclassroom?Classroomactivitiesoftenworkwell.Forexample,educatorscanshowstudentsphotographsofpeoplefromdifferentcultureseveryday.____17____Inthisprocess,they’llgraduallylearntoknowandaccepteachkindoflooks.It’simportanttoavoidteachingstudentsaboutthesamerolemodelsrepeatedly.____18____Wallspacescanbeusedtodisplaypostersaboutculturalgroups.Studentscanmarkthecountriesfromwhichtheirancestorsimmigratedonaworldmap.Andclassroomsignscanbehunginseverallanguages.Suchculturalexposurehelpsremindthestudentsthatpeoplefromdiversebackgroundsareallbornequal,protectingstudentsfromtheculturalstereotypes(刻板印象).Anotherimportantgoalofeducationistoteachstudentstoappreciatetheirownculture.____19____Tofitinwiththesocialorder,theysometimeshavetochangeorremovetheirculturalbehaviors.Toavoidthissituation.investigatinguniquecharacteristicsoftheircommunityisoneeffectivewaytohelpstudentsgainagreaterappreciationoftheirownculture.Educatorscanencouragestudentstointerviewtheirfamilymembersaboutculturalpracticesandtraditionsandthensharethemwithpride.____20____A.Thiscanbeachallengingtaskforeducators.B.Overtime,wallspaceswillexposestudentstorichdiversity.C.Thisactivitycanmotivatestudentstoshowthemselvesbravely.D.Studentscanseevariousappearancesandfindbeautyfromeach.E.Gradually,theywillstarttobuildconfidenceintheirownculture.F.Minoritystudentsmayfeelpressuredtoliveinamulticulturalgroup.G.Providingaculturallyresponsivelearningenvironmentisalsocritical.【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.F20.E【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章就教育者怎樣促進(jìn)課堂上的多元文化而提出一些建議。【16題詳析】由上文“Aprimarygoalofculturallyresponsiveeducationistohelpallstudentsbecomerespectfulofvariousculturesandpeoplethatthey’llinteractwith.However,theworldismorecomplexanddiversethantheenvironmentthatstudentsinhabit.(文化響應(yīng)教育的主要目標(biāo)是幫助所有學(xué)生尊重他們將與之互動(dòng)的各種文化和人。然而，世界比學(xué)生所居住的環(huán)境更復(fù)雜、更多樣。)”可知，這里講了文化響應(yīng)教育的主要目標(biāo)和世界是復(fù)雜且多樣的。而A項(xiàng)Thiscanbeachallengingtaskforeducators.(這對(duì)教育工作者來說可能是一項(xiàng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)。)符合語境，其中This指代前文所講的在這復(fù)雜的世界中進(jìn)行文化響應(yīng)教育，所以有承上作用，說明上文的影響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】由上文“Forexample,educatorscanshowstudentsphotographsofpeoplefromdifferentcultureseveryday.(例如，教育工作者可以每天向?qū)W生展示來自不同文化背景的人的照片。)”可知，這里講教育者可以向?qū)W生展示來自不同文化背景的人的照片從而讓學(xué)生更加了解，而D項(xiàng)Studentscanseevariousappearancesandfindbeautyfromeach.(學(xué)生可以看到各種各樣的外貌，并從中發(fā)現(xiàn)美。)符合語境，其中variousappearances與上文peoplefromdifferentcultures對(duì)應(yīng)，所以有承上作用。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】由下文“Wallspacescanbeusedtodisplaypostersaboutculturalgroups.Studentscanmarkthecountriesfromwhichtheirancestorsimmigratedonaworldmap.Andclassroomsignscanbehunginseverallanguages.Suchculturalexposurehelpsremindthestudentsthatpeoplefromdiversebackgroundsareallbornequal,protectingstudentsfromtheculturalstereotypes(刻板印象).(墻壁空間可用于展示有關(guān)文化團(tuán)體的海報(bào)。學(xué)生可以在世界地圖上標(biāo)出他們祖先移民的國(guó)家。教室標(biāo)志可以用幾種語言懸掛。這種文化接觸有助于提醒學(xué)生，來自不同背景的人生來平等，保護(hù)學(xué)生免受文化刻板印象的影響。)”可知，這里主要講利用周圍環(huán)境進(jìn)行文化響應(yīng)教育，而G項(xiàng)Providingaculturallyresponsivelearningenvironmentisalsocritical.(提供一個(gè)文化響應(yīng)的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境也很重要。)符合語境，對(duì)下文有總括作用。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】由下文“Tofitinwiththesocialorder,theysometimeshavetochangeorremovetheirculturalbehaviors.(為了適應(yīng)社會(huì)秩序，他們有時(shí)不得不改變或拋棄自己的文化行為。)”可知，這里主要講一些學(xué)生為了融入而改變或丟掉自己的文化，所以上文說明是哪些群體在丟掉自己的文化，而F項(xiàng)Minoritystudentsmayfeelpressuredtoliveinamulticulturalgroup.(少數(shù)民族學(xué)生可能會(huì)感到壓力，不得不生活在一個(gè)多元文化的群體中.)符合語境，其中Minoritystudents為下文they的指代內(nèi)容，所以有啟下作用。故選F項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】由上文“Toavoidthissituation.investigatinguniquecharacteristicsoftheircommunityisoneeffectivewaytohelpstudentsgainagreaterappreciationoftheirownculture.Educatorscanencouragestudentstointerviewtheirfamilymembersaboutculturalpracticesandtraditionsandthensharethemwithpride.(為了避免這種情況。調(diào)查他們社區(qū)的獨(dú)特特征是幫助學(xué)生更好地欣賞自己文化的一種有效方法。教育工作者可以鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生采訪他們的家人，了解文化習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)，然后自豪地分享。)”可知，這里主要講怎樣讓學(xué)生不拋棄自己文化的方法，從而達(dá)到的效果，而E項(xiàng)Gradually,theywillstarttobuildconfidenceintheirownculture.(漸漸地，他們將開始對(duì)自己的文化建立信心。)符合語境，與上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onemorning,BridgetWillisarrivedatarestaurantinawheelchair.Whensheapproachedthedoor,thewaiterAlex____21____herandledhertoatable.Duringtheir____22____,Alexlearnedthattheoldladycamehereforaspecialreason.However,toAlex’ssurprise,allshe____23____werejusttwoapples,anitemthatwasnotlistedonthe____24____.Nevertheless,Alexwentoutofhiswayto____25____herrequest.Beingpuzzledbyherunusualbehavior,Alex____26____toreportthemattertotheboss,JackHolt.Thebosscametothediningarea,andwas____27____whenhesawthewomansittingthere,bitinganapple.“Itcan’tbe...”Jackwhisperedas____28____floodedback...Bridgetwasthebusdriverwhousedtotakehimtoschoolwhenhewastenandtheydevelopedagreat____29____overtime.Theywouldoftensharetheapplesduringthefewminutestheywerealoneonthebus.However,everything____30____oneday.ThatdayBridgetgotoffthebustoseeifsomethingwas____31____withthefrontwheels.Jackinsistedonbeingin____32____withher.While____33____thewheelsontheroadsidetogether,theyheardthescreech(刺耳的聲音)oftires.Noticingacarmovingfasttowardsthem,Bridget____34____pushedJackaway.Unfortunately.Bridgetwasstruckbythecarandhadher____35____seriouslyinjured...Withtearsintheireyes,bothwerehappytoseeeachotherafteralongseparation.21.A.praised B.inspected C.assisted D.recognized22.A.interview B.conversation C.bargain D.visit23.A.ordered B.prepared C.purchased D.carried24.A.poster B.menu C.handout D.giveaway25.A.delay B.repeat C.satisfy D.submit26.A.agreed B.promised C.decided D.happened27.A.amused B.amazed C.embarrassed D.inspired28.A.disappointment B.annoyance C.memories D.comments29.A.connection B.arrangement C.project D.business30.A.changed B.worked C.happened D.mattered31.A.related B.crowded C.ready D.wrong32.A.harmony B.company C.touch D.line33.A.throwing B.painting C.examining D.rolling34.A.immediately B.temporarily C.effortlessly D.mistakenly35.A.face B.head C.arms D.legs【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.C26.C27.B28.C29.A30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述坐著輪椅的BridgetWillis來到一家餐廳點(diǎn)了菜單上沒有的兩個(gè)蘋果，餐廳老板出來查看時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)她就是以前因救自己而遭遇車禍的公交車司機(jī)的故事。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她走近門口時(shí)，服務(wù)員Alex幫助攙扶著她，把她領(lǐng)到一張桌子旁。A.praised贊揚(yáng)；B.inspected檢查，視察；C.assisted幫助；D.recognized認(rèn)出。根據(jù)上文“BridgetWillisarrivedatarestaurantinawheelchair(BridgetWillis坐著輪椅來到一家餐廳)”和空后“l(fā)edhertoatable”可知，Alex幫助行動(dòng)不便的Bridget，故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們的談話中，Alex得知老太太來這里有一個(gè)特殊的原因。A.interview采訪，面試；B.conversation談話；C.bargain討價(jià)還價(jià)；D.visit拜訪。根據(jù)“Alexlearnedthattheoldladycamehereforaspecialreason”可知，Alex應(yīng)是通過和Bridget交談得知了她的來由，故選B。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，令A(yù)lex驚訝的是，她只點(diǎn)了兩個(gè)蘋果，這是菜單上沒有列出的東西。A.ordered點(diǎn)（酒菜等）；B.prepared準(zhǔn)備；C.purchased購買；D.carried攜帶。根據(jù)上文“BridgetWillisarrivedatarestaurant”和空后的“twoapples”可知，此處指在餐廳點(diǎn)餐，故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.poster海報(bào)；B.menu菜單；C.handout傳單；D.giveaway隨贈(zèng)品。根據(jù)語境以及“twoapples”可知，此處指蘋果是菜單上沒有的東西，故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，Alex還是盡力滿足了她的要求。A.delay延遲；B.repeat重復(fù)；C.satisfy滿足；D.submit提交，屈服?！癗evertheless”表示轉(zhuǎn)折，結(jié)合下文“thewomansittingthere,bitinganapple”提到Bridget在吃蘋果可知，此處指雖然蘋果不在菜單上，但是Alex盡力滿足她的要求，故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Alex對(duì)她不尋常的行為感到困惑，他決定把這件事報(bào)告給老板JackHolt。A.agreed同意；B.promised承諾；C.decided決定；D.happened發(fā)生，碰巧。下文“Thebosscametothediningarea”提到老板出來查看情況，故Alex決定把這件事報(bào)告給老板，故選C?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：老板來到用餐區(qū)，當(dāng)他看到一個(gè)女人坐在那里咬著一個(gè)蘋果時(shí)，感到很驚訝。A.amused逗樂的，覺得好笑的；B.amazed大為驚奇；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.inspired受到鼓舞的。根據(jù)“Itcan’tbe...”可知，Jack覺得大為驚奇，令人難以置信，故選B?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“不可能……”Jack小聲說，回憶如潮水般涌上心頭……A.disappointment失望；B.annoyance惱怒，生氣；C.memories回憶；D.comments評(píng)論。根據(jù)下文“whenhewasten”可知，Jack回憶過去的事情，故選C?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Bridget是公交車司機(jī)，他十歲時(shí)經(jīng)常送他去學(xué)校，隨著時(shí)間的推移，他們建立了很好的聯(lián)系。A.connection聯(lián)系；B.arrangement安排；C.project工程；D.business生意。根據(jù)“Bridgetwasthebusdriverwhousedtotakehimtoschool”可知，Bridget過去常常帶Jack去上學(xué)，故兩人建立了很好的聯(lián)系，故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，有一天一切都變了。A.changed改變；B.worked工作，起作用；C.happened發(fā)生；D.mattered要緊。下文“Bridgetwasstruckbythecarandhadher______seriouslyinjured...”提到Bridget發(fā)生車禍?zhǔn)軅麌?yán)重，故此處指事情發(fā)生了變化，故選A。【31題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天，Bridget下車去看看前輪是不是出了什么問題。A.related有關(guān)的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；D.wrong出問題，不正常的。根據(jù)“Bridgetgotoffthebustosee”可知，公交車司機(jī)下車應(yīng)是查看車子是否有問題，故選D。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Jack堅(jiān)持要和她一起。A.harmony和諧；B.company陪伴；C.touch接觸；D.line線。根據(jù)下文“Bridget_______pushedJackaway”可知，Jack堅(jiān)持要和她一起，故選B。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們一起在路邊檢查車輪時(shí)，聽到了輪胎的刺耳聲。A.throwing扔；B.painting畫畫；C.examining檢查；D.rolling滾動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文“Bridgetgotoffthebustosee…”可知，他們?cè)诼愤厵z查車輪，故選C。【34題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Bridget注意到一輛汽車向他們快速駛來，她立刻推開了杰克。A.immediately立即；B.temporarily臨時(shí)地；C.effortlessly毫不費(fèi)力地；D.mistakenly錯(cuò)誤地。根據(jù)“Noticingacarmovingfasttowardsthem”可知，一輛汽車快速駛來，Bridget應(yīng)是立即推開Jack，故選A。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Bridget被車撞了，腿受了重傷。A.face臉；B.head頭；C.arms胳膊；D.legs腿。根據(jù)文章首句中“inawheelchair”可知，Bridget坐輪椅，說明腿受傷了，故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Atthe2024ParisOlympics,Chineseathletes,withtheirunbreakablefightingspiritandoutstandingcompetitivestrength,____36____(write)anewchapterinChineses