BEC中級【口語聽力閱讀寫作】中級作文分冊(完整版)

BEC中級【口語聽力閱讀寫作】中級作文分冊（完整版）(文檔可以直接使用，也可根據(jù)實際需要修改使用,可編輯歡迎下載）

作文部分BEC中級【口語聽力閱讀寫作】中級作文分冊（完整版）(文檔可以直接使用，也可根據(jù)實際需要修改使用,可編輯歡迎下載）Time:45minutesPARTFunctions/CommunicativeTaskInputResponseRegister1e.g.givinginstructions,explainingadevelopment,askingforcomments,requestinginformation,agreeingtorequestsRubriconly(pluslayoutofoutputtexttype)Internalcommunication(mediummaybenoteormessageormemoore-mail)(40-50words)Neutral/informal2Correspondence:e.g.explaining,apologizing,reassuring,complainingReport:describingsummarizingProposal:describing,summarizing,recommending,persuadingOneormorepiecesofinputfrom:businesscorrespondence(mediummaybeletter,faxore-mail),internalcommunication(mediummaybenote,memoore-mail),notice,advert,graphs,charts,etc.(pluslayoutifoutputisfaxore-mail)Businesscorrespondence(mediummaybeletter,faxore-mail)orshortreportorproposal(mediummaybememoore-mail)(120-140words)Neutral/formalNotes:Notewritingisveryeasy.Justwriteasyouspeaktoanotherpersonfacetoface.Youwriteanotewhenyouwanttospeaktothepersonwhoisnowabsent.Youwriteitinaveryinformalstyle:thelanguageissimpleandeasy,andonlyafewsentencesareneeded.Writedownthedatefirst(sometimesyoucanevendropthisdownwhenitisnotimportant).Thenspellhisorhername,usuallythefirstname,sinceitisveryfriendlyandintimate.Nextbeginthemessageatanotherlineandfinishittotheend.Finallyendthenotewithyourname,alsofirstname.(Forfurtherreference,seeStudentBookPage78.)Messages:(Forfurtherreference,seeStudentBookPage14.)E-mails:(Forfurtherreference,seeStudentBookPage37.)Memos:Afewwordsshouldbesaidabouttheformatofmemos.Generallytheyhaveallthefeaturesoflettersinformat.Buttheyusuallyhavemoreformalitiesandfeaturesthatwillmakethemeasytoberecognizedandfiled.Thesefeaturesare:AtypedorprintedheadingDateFileorreferencenumbersReader’sfullnameWriter’sfullnameSubjectlineAdistributionlistYoumaynotneedtoincludealloftheseitemsineverymemo.Whatfeaturesshouldbeincludeddependonthememoyouarewriting.(Forfurtherreference,seeStudentBookPage109.)Reports:DirectionsareavailableinStudentBook.See82.Letters:DirectionsareavailableinStudentBook.See80.Appendix:BEC商務(wù)信件寫作部分攻略以下是商業(yè)信函的寫法：第一章格式問題1.格式問題：請同學(xué)們在BEC的寫作中采用平頭式的寫法。收信人的姓名和地址置于信紙的左上方地址、稱呼和結(jié)束禮詞后沒有標(biāo)點符號日期在右上方段落從定格開始，段落之間的行距為兩行（但在考試中由于受答題卡限制，請同學(xué)們酌情考慮）寫信人的名字和頭銜在簽名下方2.稱呼和結(jié)束禮詞的注意事項：稱呼的寫法遵循下列原則：DearSirorMadam寫信給某一公司，不確定具體的收信人DearSir對男士，但是你不知道他的具體姓名DearMadam對女士，但是你不知道他的具體姓名DearMrSmith對男士DearMsSmith對已婚或未婚的女士DearMrsSmith對已婚女士DearMissSmith對未婚女士DearJohn(此處John為英語中常用男名)對朋友或你比較熟悉的人（通常為多年生意伙伴）稱呼與結(jié)束禮詞存在對應(yīng)的關(guān)系，請同學(xué)們特別注意：DearSirorMadamYoursfaithfullyDearMr/Ms/Mrs/MissSmithYourssincerelyDearJohnBestwishes以下均為錯誤用法：DearMrJohnDearMrJohnSmith3.日期：在英國英語中，天在前，但是在美國英語中，月份在前。所以某些特別的時期容易引起誤解。例如：12062003在英國指的是：6月21日在美國指的是：12月6日因此日期要寫成：12June2003注釋：在BEC考試中同學(xué)們可以采用恩波所推薦的用法。但是12062003的用法仍然是可以使用的，因為BEC為英版考試。在使用恩波推薦的用法時，要記住月份使用大些字母開頭。天后不必寫th、rd、nd或者st。第二章寫法問題預(yù)備參加bec考試的同學(xué)們由于缺乏商務(wù)寫作的實際經(jīng)驗，對于寫作部分都比較郁悶。恩波結(jié)合歷年考試實際，為大家準(zhǔn)備了15類共計50個經(jīng)典的實戰(zhàn)句型，供大家在考場上使用。我們對每一個句型都模擬了一種環(huán)境：1.信件的開頭：Wearewritingtoenquireabout…Wearewritinginconnectionwith…Weareinterestedin…andwewouldliketoknow…環(huán)境：Youwanttoknowthepricesofsomeairconditioners.Weareinterestedinyourairconditionerandwewouldliketoknowthepricesofsomeairconditioners.Yousawanadvertisementinthenewspaperyesterdayandyouwantfurtherinformation.Wearewritinginconnectionwiththeadvertisementinthenewspaperyesterday.YouwanttoknowifthecompanyyouarewritingtoorganizesholidaystoAfrica.WearewritingtoinquireabouttheholidaystoAfricathatyourcompanyorganizes.2.回信的開頭：Thankyouforyourletterof(date)Wehavereceivedyourletterof(date)askingif…enquiringabout…enclosing…concerning…環(huán)境：Acompanywrotetoyouon23July.Theywantedtoknowifyousellphotocopiers.Thankyouforyourletterof23July,askingifwesellphotocopiers.Amanwrotetoyouon18December.Hewantedemploymentwithyourcompany.Healsosenthiscurriculumvitae.Wehavereceivedyourletterof18December,enclosingyourcurriculumvitae.Acompanysentyouafaxon3June.TheywantedtoknowifyouweregoingtothemarketingconferenceinLondon.Thankyouforyourfaxof3June,askingifIwasgoingtothemarketingconferenceinLondon.Awomantelephonedyouthismorning.ShewantedtoknowifherorderNo.599hadarrived.ThankyouforyourtelephonecallthismorningconcerningtheorderNo.599.3.信件的結(jié)尾：一般結(jié)尾：Ilookforwardtoreceivingyourreply/order/products/ect.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.如果你在信件中提供了信息：Ihopethatthisinformationwillhelpyou.Pleasecontactmeifyouneedanyfurtherinformation.Pleasefeelfreetocontactmeifyouhaveanyfurtherquestions.Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedanyfurtherinformation.4.引入主題：Withreferenceto…Furtherto…Withregardto…Iamwritinginconnectionwith…注：引入主題的句子可以被寫在信件的開頭，但withregardto不能用于信件的開頭。環(huán)境：(Howwouldyoustartaletterabouteachofthefollowing?)aninvoice(No.679)foraphotocopierWithreferencetoInvoiceNo.679,weregrettotellyouthattheproductarrivedinbadcondition.ameetingyouhadwiththeaddresseeonJan.16thFurthertothemeetingon16January,IamdelightedtotellyouthatwearenowabletogiveyouaspecialofferforourPeachSeriescomputer.anadvertisementinthetimesnewspaperIamwritinginconnectionwiththeadvertisementinthetimesnewspaperyesterday.anapplicationforapostassecretaryinyourcompanyIamwritinginconnectionwithyourapplicationforapostassecretaryinourcompany.afaxorderforsixcomputersthatyoureceivedtodaywithreferencetoyourfaxorderforsixcomputer,Iregrettotellyouthattheyareoutofstockatpresent.5.告知好、壞消息：好消息：Iampleaseddelightedhappytotellinformadviseyouthat…壞消息：Iregretamsorrytotellinformadviseyouthat…Weregretthat…環(huán)境：（completethesesentencesusingphrasesforreferringandgivinggoodorbadnews.）a.___________________________yourorderforsomecupboards,_____________________wehavehadtoincreasetheprice.b.____________________________yourapplicationforapostassecretary,______________________________thatwewouldlikeyoutostartworkassoonaspossible.c._________________________________yourapplicationforapostassecretary,______________________________thatyouwerenotsuccessful.d._________________________________ourtelephoneconversationthismorning,______________________________thatyourcarisnowreadyforyoutocollect.6.說明你所能做的和不能做的：Weareunableto…Weareableto…Wehavebeenforcedto…環(huán)境：Youcannotloweryourprices.Weregretthatweareunabletoreduceoutprices.Youhavehadtoraiseyourpricesbecausethegovernmenthasincreasedthesalestax.Wehavebeenforcedtoraiseourpricesbecausethegovernmenthasincreasedthesalestax.However,youcangivethemadiscountof5%iftheirorderisformorethan$8,000.Weareabletogiveyouadiscountof5%ifyourorderismorethan$8,000.Withregardtotheirsecondquestion,youcannotacceptpaymentinEgyptianpoundsbutyoucanacceptUSdollarsorEuros.WearesorrythatweareunabletoacceptpaymentsinEgyptianpoundsbutweareabletoacceptUSdollarsorEuros.7.說明原因：Thisisowingto…dueto…aresultof…becauseof…注：owingto通常用于不好的消息。如果想在原因中使用動詞，請加上thefactthat的從句。環(huán)境：increasepricesfallofthedollarWehavebeenforcetoincreaseourprices.Thisisowingtothefallofthedollar.DelaythedeliveryofthegoodsstrikebyairlinepilotsWehavebeenforcedtodelaythedeliveryofthegoods.Thisisowingtothestrikebyairlinepilots.Increaseallsalariesby10%riseinsalesWeareabletoincreaseallsalariesby10%.Thisistheresultofabigriseinsales.Cutallsalariesby10%fallinsalesWehavebeenforcedtocutallsalariesby10%.Thisisduetothefactthattherehasbeenafallinsalesinthepasttenmonths.CannotdeliveryourneworderwehavenotreceivedyourpaymentfrothelastorderWeregretthatweareunabletodeliveryourneworderimmediately.Thisisowingtothefactthatwehavenotreceivedyourpaymentforthelastorder.CancelthemeetingalotofstaffhavebeenillWehavebeenforcedtocancelthemeeting.Thisisbecausesomemembersofourstaffhavebeenill.8.請求采取行動：Pleasecouldyou…Wewouldbegratefulifyoucould…Wewouldbeappreciateitifyoucould…assoonaspossible.withoutdelay.immediately.注：pleasecouldyou…是最直接的方式。在要求一些一般性的事情時，可以使用這種表達(dá)。環(huán)境：Youhaveseenanadvertisementinthenewspaperforapostasofficemanger.Youwantanapplicationform.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldsendmeanapplicationform.Thephotocopierinyourofficehasbrokendown.Youwanttohaveitrepaired,quickly.Wewouldbegratefulifyoucouldsendarepairmantofixourphotocopierassoonaspossible.Youhavemovedyourofficeandyouwantthepostofficetoforwardyourletterstoyournewaddress.Pleasecouldyouforwardmyletterstomynewaddress.Youwantthetelephonecompanytoputanothertelephoneinyouroffice.Youneediturgently.Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldputanothertelephoneinourofficeimmediately.Youhavewrittentoacompanyandyouwantthemtoreplyquickly.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgiveusareplyquickly.9.抱歉：Wemustapologizefor…Weapologizefor…Weareextremelysorryfor…注：以上句型后請使用動詞ing形式。以上句型中的for可以換成that，然后用從句表達(dá)。一般來說，解釋產(chǎn)生問題的原因，然后在信的結(jié)尾處再次表達(dá)歉意。再次抱歉：Pleaseacceptourapologiesonceagain.Wehopethatthishasnotcausedyouanyinconvenience.Withapologiesonceagain.10.要求提供信息：PleasecouldyouWewouldbegratefulifyoucouldWewouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveusfurtherdetailsabout..informus(about/if)…letusknow(about/if)…Wewouldliketoknow(about/if)…注：如果需要特別重要的信息，可以在以上句型前使用：inparticular。環(huán)境：Youwrotealettertosomeoneandtheyhaven’treplied.Youwanttoknowiftheyreceivedtheletter.Wewouldbegratefulifyoucouldletusknowiftheletterhasreachedyou.Abusinessmanisgoingtoyourcountry.Hewantsyoutogetavisaforhim.Youneedallthedetailsabouthispassport(hisnationality,dateofbirth,wherehispassportwasissued,andwhenitexpires).Pleasecouldyougivedetailsaboutyourpassport.Iwouldliketoknowyournationality,dateofbirth,whereyourpassportwasissuedandwhenitexpires.Youwanttoknowaboutthesamebusinessman’sflight(flightnumber,dateandtimeofarrival).Inparticular,Iwouldliketoknowyourflightnumber,dateandtimeofarrival.11.輕度抱怨：Unfortunately,+表示somethingiswrong的句子環(huán)境：Acompanyhassentyouabillforthewronggoods.Unfortunatelyyousentusabillforthewronggoods.Pleasecouldyousendusacorrectbillassoonaspossible.Yournewphotocopierhasbrokendown.Youhavetowritetothecompanywhosoldittoyou.Unfortunatelyournewphotocopierhasbrokendown.Pleasecouldyousendarepairmantofixitforusassoonaspossible.TwotemporarysecretariesdonotspeakEnglish.Youhavetowritetotheagencywhosentthemtoyou.UnfortunatelytwotemporarysecretariesyourecommendedtousdonotspeakEnglish.WewouldbegratefulifyoucouldrecommendtwomorewhocouldspeakEnglish.Youkeepreceivinglettersforsomeoneelse.Youhavetowritetothepostoffice.UnfortunatelyIkeepreceivinglettersforsomeoneelse.Pleasecouldyoumaketheaddressclearbeforeyoudeliverletterseveryday.12.提醒某人對某事的注意：Ishouldliketodrawyourattentionto(thefactthat)…Ishouldliketopointoutthat…如果你提醒的事情對方已經(jīng)知道（你想表達(dá)你的生氣）：Ishouldliketoremindyouthat…Ihopethatitisnotnecessarytoremindyouthat…環(huán)境：Oneofyourstaffkeepsparkinghiscarinfrontofthemaindoor,thespacewhichisreservedfortheMD.IshouldliketoremindyouthatthespaceinfrontofthemaindoorisreservedfortheMD.Someoneisinterestedinpurchasingalargequantityofyoursimplexcameras.Tellhimabout25%discountforlargeorders.Ishouldliketdrawyourattentiontothefactthatweofferabout25%discountforlargerorders.Oneofyourstaffarriveshalfanhourlateforworkeveryday.(Sheshouldstartat9.30.)Ihopethatitisnotnecessarytoremindyouthatworkstartat9:30everyday.Someoneisinterestedinyourproducts.Tellhimthatyouguaranteethatyourpricesarethelargestinthecountry.Ishouldliketopointoutthatweguaranteethatallpricesarethelowestinthecountry.13.要求某人采取行動：Wemustinsistthat…DO…（DO指動詞原型）注：請注意這一句型和句型8的區(qū)別。環(huán)境：Wemustinsistthatyoudeliverthegoodsimmediately.14.警告：Unless…If…(not)…Wewillbeforcedto…環(huán)境：(Whatwarningswouldyougivethesepeople?)AcompanythathasnotpaidyourbillUnlessyoupaythebill,wewillbeforcedtotakelegalactions.Anothercompanythatisusingyourcompany’scarparkIfyoudonotmoveyourcarawayfromourpark,wewillbeforcedtoturntothepolice.AnemployeewhoalwaysarriveslateforworkUnlessyoucometoworkontime,wewillbeforcedtofireyou.AbuilderwhohasleftalotoftheirtoolsinyourofficeIfyoudonottakeyourtoolsfromouroffice,wewillbeforcedtothrowthemaway.15.強(qiáng)烈抱怨：注：強(qiáng)烈抱怨遵循以下步驟：a.闡述發(fā)生的問題：itisnowoverninemonthssinceweplacedthisorderandwearestillwaitingforthecabinets.b.使用句型12：Ishouldliketopointoutthatwehavealreadypaidforthesecabinets.c.使用句型13：wemustinsistthatyoudeliverthemimmediately.d.使用句型14：unlesswehearfromyouwithin7dayswewilltakelegalaction.第三章檢查（包括圖表寫作和report）檢查的四個主要方面：1.標(biāo)點符號：完全禁用的符號：：“”《》。2.拼寫：雙寫輔音y改成復(fù)數(shù)3.語法：主謂一致冠詞次序介詞時態(tài)漏詞4.可能導(dǎo)致信息表達(dá)不清的因素：太長的段落太長的句子運用不常使用的詞匯一次包含太多的信息信息不完整信息順序混亂AppendixTwo:對于線性圖表的描述上升1.對于上升趨勢的描述：a.可以使用的動詞或動詞詞組：toincreasetogouptorisetogrowtojumptoleaptosoartoshoottopickupb.可以使用的名詞：anincreaseagrowthajumpasoaranupwardtrend2.對于上升到某個位置的描述：a.1.a.中的動詞＋to＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。b.1.a.中的動詞＋to＋thepeakof＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。c.1.a.中的動詞＋reachingthepeakof+具體數(shù)據(jù)。d.1.a.中的動詞＋reaching+具體數(shù)據(jù)。e.topeakat＋具體數(shù)據(jù)f.toclimbto+具體數(shù)據(jù)3.對于上升的程度的描述：a.1.a.中的動詞＋by＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。b.1.a.中的動詞＋副詞。下降1.對于下降趨勢的描述：a.可以使用的動詞或動詞詞組：tofalltodecreasetogodowntoslidetocollapsetodeclinetodropb.可以使用的名詞：acollapseadecreaseafalladeclineadrop2.對于下降到某個位置的描述：a.1.a.中的動詞＋to＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。b.1.a.中的動詞＋to＋thebottomof＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。c.1.a.中的動詞＋reachingthebottomof+具體數(shù)據(jù)。d.1.a.中的動詞＋reaching+具體數(shù)據(jù)。3.對于下降程度的描述：a.1.a.中的動詞＋by＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。b.1.a.中的動詞＋副詞。對于平穩(wěn)的趨勢的描述：可以使用的動詞或動詞詞組：tohardlychangetohavelittlechangetokeepsteadytolevelofftoremainconstanttostaythesame表示程度的副詞：1.程度較大：considerablydramaticallygreatlymarkedlyobviouslyquicklyrapidlysharplysignificantlysuddenly2.程度較?。簊lightlygraduallyslowlysteadily時間的嵌入嵌入時間時所使用的介詞和介詞詞組：infrom……to……between…….and……during……and……atthestartof……bytheendof……over……attheendof……throughout……時間’s+具體數(shù)據(jù)上升和下降趨勢的組合描述（嵌入了時間和程度之后）：1.先上升后下降的句型：increasedslowlyduring……and……butfellsharplyin…….Asteadyfallin……during……and……followedthesharpincreasein…….2.先下降后上升的句型：……fellbefore……begantomakearecovery…………continuetherecovery,climbingto…………droppedduring……butincreasedagainin…………fellandthenpickupduring…………collapsedbeforerisingto……attheendof……3.起伏波動的句型：……fluctuatedsharplyallthrough……4.波動不大的句型：……h(huán)ardlychangedthroughtheperiodbetween……and……柱狀圖形的描述轉(zhuǎn)換為線形圖形的描述餅狀圖形的描述對于百分比進(jìn)行描述所使用的句型：……%the……is/has/have/are…………accountsfor……%ofthetotal……takesup……%inthewholechart趨勢的比較1.表示相似的句型(實例)：BothsharepricesrosesharplyinJanuary.Neithercompanyhasmadeaprofityet.LikeX,YfellinJune.XrosejustassharplyasY.2.表示差異的句型（實例）：Xfellsharplywhereas/whileYremainedsteady.XfellquicklycomparedtoY.UnlikeY,Xroseby10%.XrosefarmoredramaticallythanY.3.表示倍數(shù)的句型：the……doubled/tripledin……comparedwiththosein……4.客觀比較的句型：……is……incontrastto……數(shù)據(jù)的修飾1.表示不足的詞或詞組：uptobelowunderalmostnearly2.表示超過的詞或詞組：overmorethanjustover3.表示大約的詞：aboutAppendixThree:ExerciseOnePartOneQuestions44YouaretheManagerofasmallprintingcompany.Anewemployee,MarkMcCabe,isjoiningyourcompanyon10thMay.Writeashortmemotoyourofficeadministrator:Sayingwhoisstartingworkandwhen;TellinghimwhatMarkMcCabe’sjobwillbe;SuggestingwhereMarkMcCabe’sdeskshouldbeput;Write30-40wordsonyouranswersheet.PartTwoQuestion45Youweresentonaresidentialtrainingcourseforfivedays.Unfortunatelythecoursewasverybadlyrunandtherewerealotofproblemswithit.Theadvertbelowshowsthedetailsofthecourse,togetherwithyourcomments.Writeareportforyourmanageronthecourse(100-120words).Describetheproblemswiththecourseandsuggestwhatyourcompanyshoulddo.Writeonyouranswersheet.ImproveyourcomputingskillsJoinour5-daycourseLTEBusinessComputingCoursesFortheyoungprofessionalOur5-daycourseshavebeendevelopedoverthelastthreeyearsandhavebeendesignedspeciallyforalllevelsofofficepersonnel.Weprovide:Highlyexperiencedandqualifiedtrainers(onlyoneteacher–thiswashisfirstcourse)Themostup-to-datesoftwarerunningonthelatesthi-techpersonalcomputersGroupsofnomorethansixstudents(ninestudents–someofushadtosharecomputerterminals)Opportunitiesforindividualinstructioneveryevening(theonearoundintheevening)ComfortableteachingroomsinamodernhotelBytheendofthecourseyouwillbeanexpertinusingawordprocessor,aspreadsheet,adatabase,andelectronicmail.(onlydidword–processing)PhoneJaneon1222323formoredetails.(¬enoughfood!)ExerciseTwoPartOneQuestion44YourcompanyhasjustopenedanewofficeintheUnitedStates.Youhaveagreedtogoandworkthereforsixmonths.Writeamemoof30-40wordstoallyourcolleagues:Explainingwhyyouwillbeabsent;Sayingwhenyouareleavingtheoffice;Expressingyourwishtokeepintouch;Writeonyouranswersheet.PartTwoQuestion45YouworkforRCT,acompanywhichsellsbusinessstationery.RCTisinterestedinbecominganagentforNovestat,acompanywhichmanufacturespaperproducts.ReadNovestat’sadvertisementbelow,onwhichyouhavemadesomenotes.Then,usingallyournotes,writealettertoJamesDowlingatNovestat.Donotincludepostaladdresses.Write100-120words.Writeonyouranswersheet.NovestatAgentsrequiredForanewpaperproductNovestat,aleadingmanufacturerofbusinessstationery,isdelightedtoannounceitsexcitingnewrangeofdesignerpaperproducts.Thisrangeallowscustomerstocreatetheirownbusinessstationerytothehighestprofessionalstandards,usingtheirowncomputerprinters.Wearelookingforcompaniesworld-widetodistributetheNOVESTATDESIGNERPAPERrange.Ifyourcompanyhas:Minimum5year’srelevantexperience;(10years;saywhatRCTdoes)Dynamic,motivatedsalesforce;(nationalsalesawardlastyear)Excellentdistributionnetwork;(tellthemaboutourretailoutlets)Thenpleasewriteto:JamesDowling,Novestat,Unit3,BasingEstate,Hampton,Middlesex,TW135SA,U.K.(arrangeameetingwiththemnextmonth?)ExerciseThreePartOneQuestion44Youarethetrainingmanagerofacompanywhichhaswonalargeexportorder.Youhavebeenaskedtoorganizeforeignlanguagetrainingforsomeofyourstaff.Writeamemoof30-40wordstostaff:Explainingwhythecoursesarenecessary;Sayingwhichmembersofstaffshouldattend;Announcingwhenthecourseswillstart;Writeonyouranswersheet.PartTwoQuestion45Yourcompanyexportstoanumberofcountriesaroundtheworld.Thecompanyislookingfornewagentsforinternationalfreight.Readthetwoadvertisementsbelow,onwhichyouhavemadesomenotes.Thenusingthenotes,writeashortreportfortheExportSalesManager,coveringallyourpointsandsayingwhichagentyourecommend.Write100-120words.Writeonyouranswersheet.Globelink25years’experienceinseafreightworldwidedestinationsairfreightalsoavailable(mayneedforurgentorders)alldocumentationprovided(theycompleteallcustomsforms–FTDdon’t)competitiverates–quotesavailableonrequesttel.0208344879FTDShippingAgentsFreightagentstomanymajorports(mainlyinEurope)RefrigeratedshippingContainersavailableNoquantitytoosmall(couldbeusefulforsmallorders)ContactMartinTayloron0207234576forfurtherinformationanddetailsofcharges(abithigherthanGlobelink)ExerciseFourPartOneQuestion44YouareHeadofResearchforaninternationalcarmanufacturer.YouhavetomakeanurgenttriptomorrowtovisitPierreBlanco,acolleaguewhoworksforasubsidiary.Writeamemoof30-40wordstoyoursecretary.Tellingherwhoyouaregoingtoseeandwhen;Askinghertobookflightticketsandaccommodation;Tellingherwhatworkyouwouldlikehertodoinyourabsence;Writeonyouranswersheet.PartTwoQuestion45YouarethemanagerofaTVandradiorepairworkshop.Oneofyouremployeeshasreceivedtheletterbelowaboutafaultycassetteplayerwhichheinspected.Hehaswrittenhiscommentsonthecustomer’sletterandaskedyoutowriteareply.Writealetterof100-120wordstothecustomer,usingtheemployee’scommentsandexplainingwhyyourcompanycannotrepairthecassetteplayer.Donotincludeaddresses.Writeonyouranswersheet.MrD.MasonRadioWorld6AdelaideParkLondonw6DearMrMasonRe:repairofTashitaCassettePlayerYoureturnedourcassetteplayertouson5thSeptember,afterhavingitinyourshopforoveramonth,(sorry!Technicianoffsick)sayingthatyoucouldnotrepairthefollowingfaults:1.aproblemwiththevolumecontrol(needsreplacing;partnotavailable)2.difficultyoperatingtheon/offswitch.(possibletoreplacebutveryexpensive)Iwasverysurprisedtohearthis,becausetheequipmentisnotallthatold.(manufacturedin1985)ThereforeIwouldbegratefulifyoucouldexplaininwritingwhytheequipmentis,inyouropinion,beyondrepair,sothatIcandiscussthismatterwiththemanufacturers.(outofbusinesssince1990)Yourssincerely,PaulJohnsonExerciseFivePartOneQuestion44Youareamanagerinacompanywhichmanufacturesofficefurniture.NextmonthyouaregoingtoLondontodiscussanimportantcontract.Writeanoteof30-40wordstoyourassistant:1.sayingwhenyouwanttoleaveandreturn2.askinghimtobookflights3.tellinghimwhichhoteltobookPartTwoQuestion45Yourecentlyattendedaone-daytrainingcourseonhealthandsafety.Youweredisappointedwiththecourse.Readtheadvertisementbelow,whichgivesthedetailsofthecourse.Youhavewrittensomenotesontheadvertisement.Thenusingyourhandwrittennotes,writealettertothecompany,complainingaboutthecourse.Donotincludepostaladdress.Write100-120words.Writeonyouranswersheet.GBGCertificationServicesGoodforbusiness,goodforyou.Regardlessofwhetheryouareinamanufacturingorserviceindustry,youarerequiredbylawtooperateyourbusinessinamannerwhichissafeandhealthyforyourworkforce.Ourcourseswillhelpyouprovideasafeandlegallysoundworkingenvironmentforyourstaff.Ourone-daycoursesinclude:Experiencedandhighly-qualifiedtrainers(trainerwassickreplacementpoor)High-qualityinformationpacks(pileofloosephotocopies)Smallgroups(maximum8people)(nottrue)Priceincludeslunchandrefreshments(explainwhatwaswrongwithlunch)Allone-daycoursesrunMonday–Fridayfrom9:30–17:00(startedlate)Formoreinformationcontact:MoiraGeddingsGBGHouseSummerfieldRoadOxfordOX84DN2021年中級經(jīng)濟(jì)師經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)真題及答案解析一、單項選擇題(共70題，每題1分，每題的備選項中，只有一個最符合題意)1.某月內(nèi)，甲商品的替代品和互補(bǔ)品的價格同時上升，引起的甲商品的需求變動量分別為50單位和80單位，則在這類商品價格變動的共同作用下，該月甲商品的需求量變動情況是()A.增加30單位B.減少30單位C.增加130單位D.減少130單位參考答案：B【答案解析】某商品價格與其替代品需求量同向，與其互補(bǔ)品需求量相反。替代品價格上升，導(dǎo)致本商品需求量上升50個單位，互補(bǔ)品價格上升導(dǎo)致本商品需求量量下降80個單位，總共影響是甲商品需求量下降30個單位。本題實質(zhì)考核替代品、互補(bǔ)品對商品需求量的影響。【試題點評】本題考核替代品、互補(bǔ)品的相關(guān)知識。教材第8頁對需求交叉價格彈性的介紹中，對替代品和互補(bǔ)品的價格、需求變動做了理論闡述。本題只是把這種理論闡述變成了具體的例子。2.政府為了保護(hù)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)者，對部分農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品規(guī)定了保護(hù)價格。為了采取這種價格政策，應(yīng)采取相應(yīng)的措施是()A.取消農(nóng)業(yè)稅B.對城鎮(zhèn)居民實行糧食配給制C.當(dāng)市場上出現(xiàn)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品過剩的進(jìn)行收購D.擴(kuò)大農(nóng)民家電消費參考答案：C【答案解析】保護(hù)價格高于均衡價格，會刺激生產(chǎn)，限制消費，導(dǎo)致市場過剩，當(dāng)市場出現(xiàn)過剩時，政府應(yīng)及時入市收購并予以儲備，否則保護(hù)價格必然流于形式。【試題點評】本題考核保護(hù)價格的相關(guān)知識。教材第5頁有相關(guān)規(guī)定，只是出題角度較靈活。

3.任意兩兩條無差異曲線不能相交，這是根據(jù)偏好的()假定來判定的。A.完備性B.可傳遞性C.多比少好D.可加總性參考答案：B【答案解析】可傳遞性是指假定有ABC三種組合，如果消費者對A的偏好大于B，對B的偏好大于C，那么對A的偏好必定大于C，如果兩條無差異曲線相交，則如下圖所示：A、B均位于I2，AB偏好相同;AC位于I1，AC偏好相同，根據(jù)偏好的可傳遞性，B與C的偏好相同，但這是不可能的，因為B比C具有更多的X2，根據(jù)多多益善假定，B必定比C更受偏好，因此無差異曲線不能相交?！驹囶}點評】本題考核無差異曲線的特征及偏好的基本假定。教材14頁倒數(shù)第三行有原話。4.消費者效用最大化的均衡條件是()A.商品邊際替代率等于商品價格之比B.商品邊際替代率大于商品價格之比C.商品邊際替代率小于商品價格與收入之比D.商品邊際替代率等于商品價格與收入之比參考答案：A【答案解析】消費者效用最大化的均衡條件，其含義是：在一定的預(yù)算約束下，為了實現(xiàn)效用最大化，消費者應(yīng)選擇商品的最優(yōu)組合，使得兩種商品邊際替代率等于兩種商品的價格比?！驹囶}點評】本題考核教材中的原話。只要記住就能選對。參見教材第18頁。5.在其他條件不變的情況下，如果連續(xù)增加勞動的投入，在總產(chǎn)量達(dá)到最大值時，勞動的邊際產(chǎn)量()A.大于零B.小于零C.等于零D.等于平均產(chǎn)量參考答案：C【答案解析】當(dāng)邊際產(chǎn)量等于0時，總產(chǎn)量達(dá)到最大值。【試題點評】本題考查總產(chǎn)量曲線的形狀。教材第25頁有原話。可以結(jié)合圖1—16進(jìn)行記憶。6.自然壟斷指的是()的情況。A.一個企業(yè)能以低于兩個或更多企業(yè)的成本為整個市場供給一種產(chǎn)品B.企業(yè)壟斷某種自然資源C.政府對重要自然資產(chǎn)實行完全壟斷D.兩家企業(yè)共同控制一個市場參考答案：A【答案解析】當(dāng)行業(yè)中只有一家企業(yè)能夠有效率地進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)，或者當(dāng)一個企業(yè)能以低于一個兩個或更多企業(yè)的成本為整個市場供給一個種產(chǎn)品時，這個行業(yè)就是自然壟斷?！驹囶}點評】本題考核自然壟斷的定義。參見教材第33頁。7.實施價格歧視的基本條件不包括()A.賣方具有壟斷地位B.企業(yè)生產(chǎn)有商品或服務(wù)具有耐用品性質(zhì)C.消費者之間存在不同的需求價格彈性D.不同消費者所在的市場能被隔離開參考答案：B【答案解析】第一，必須有可能根據(jù)不同價格彈性劃分出兩組或兩組以上的不同購買者;第二，市場必須是能夠有效地隔離開，同一產(chǎn)品不能在不同市場之間流動，即不能使購買者在低價市場上買到產(chǎn)品再賣到高價市場上去。如果這兩個條件能夠滿足，那么，企業(yè)就可以通過對缺乏彈性的市場規(guī)定較高的價格，而對富有彈性的市場規(guī)定較低的價格，以增加總收益?！驹囶}點評】教材中有原話。參見教材第38頁。8.資源配置達(dá)到帕累托最優(yōu)狀態(tài)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是()A.還存在怕累托改進(jìn)的資源配置狀態(tài)B.收入在不同居民之間分配公平C.可能由重新組合生產(chǎn)和分配使一個人或多個人的福利增加，而不使其他任何人的福利減少D.不可能由重新組合生產(chǎn)和分配來使一個人或多個人的福利增加，而不使其他任何人的福利減少參考答案：D【答案解析】資源實現(xiàn)最優(yōu)配置的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是，當(dāng)一種資源的任何重新分配，已經(jīng)不可能使任何一個人的境況變好，而不使一個人的境況變壞。換言之，社會已達(dá)到這樣的一種狀態(tài)，如果資源在某種配置下，不可能由重新組合生產(chǎn)和分配來使一個人或多個人的福利增加，而不使其他任何人的福利減少，那么社會就實現(xiàn)了資源的最優(yōu)配置?！驹囶}點評】本題考查資源實現(xiàn)最優(yōu)配置狀態(tài)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。參見教材第40頁。9.科斯定理的含義是()A.只要財產(chǎn)權(quán)是明確的，那么無論在開始時將財產(chǎn)權(quán)賦予誰，市場均衡的最終結(jié)果都是有效率的，就可以實現(xiàn)資源配置的怕累托最優(yōu)B.只要財產(chǎn)權(quán)是明確的，并且交易成本為零或者最小，那么無論開始時將財產(chǎn)權(quán)賦予誰，市場均衡的最終結(jié)果都是有效的，就可以實現(xiàn)資源的怕累托最優(yōu)C.只要交易成本為零或者很小，市場均衡的最終結(jié)果都是有效的，就可以實現(xiàn)資源的怕累托最優(yōu)D.無論財產(chǎn)權(quán)是否明確，只要交易成本為零或者很小，就可以實現(xiàn)資源配置的怕累托最優(yōu)參考答案：B【答案解析】科斯定理：只要財產(chǎn)權(quán)是明確的，并且交易成本是零或者很小，那么無論開始時將財產(chǎn)權(quán)賦予誰，市場均衡的最終結(jié)果都是有效的，實現(xiàn)資源配置的怕累托最優(yōu)?！驹囶}點評】教材有原話。參見教材45頁。

10.在買賣雙方存在信息不對稱的情況下，質(zhì)量的商品往往將質(zhì)量好的商品驅(qū)逐出市場，這種現(xiàn)象稱為()A.道德風(fēng)險B.正向選擇C.逆向選擇D.外部不經(jīng)濟(jì)參考答案：C【答案解析】(1)逆向選擇是買賣雙方在不對稱信息的情況下，出現(xiàn)質(zhì)量差的商品往往將質(zhì)量好看商品驅(qū)除市場的現(xiàn)象。(2)道德風(fēng)險，是指交易雙方協(xié)議達(dá)成后，協(xié)議的一方利用信息的不對稱，對過改變自己的行為，來損害對方的利益，如交完汽車保險后不認(rèn)真開車，交完財產(chǎn)保險后不注意防盜?！驹囶}點評】本題考查逆向選擇的定義。參見教材44頁。11.下列失業(yè)類型中，屬于自愿失業(yè)的是()A.需求不足性失業(yè)B.摩擦性失業(yè)C.隱性失業(yè)D.周期性失業(yè)參考答案：B【答案解析】自愿失業(yè)包括摩擦性失業(yè)和結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè)?！驹囶}點評】本題考查自愿失業(yè)的類型。參見教材第61頁。12.如果用I表示投資、S表示儲蓄、T表示稅收、G表示政府購買，X表示出口、M表示進(jìn)口，則四部門經(jīng)濟(jì)中儲蓄和投資的恒等關(guān)系是()A.I=S+(T-G)+(M-X)B.I=S+T-G+MC.I=S+(T-G)D.I=S+(M-X)參考答案：A【答案解析】四部門經(jīng)濟(jì)中儲蓄和投資的恒等關(guān)系I=S+(T-G)+(M-X)【試題點評】本題考查儲蓄—投資恒等式。參見教材第49頁。13.假定邊際消費貨幣β是0.75，則投資乘數(shù)k應(yīng)為()A.1B.2C.3參考答案：D【答案解析】投資乘數(shù):k=1/(1-β)=1/(1-0.75)=4【試題點