中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：專題十一+復(fù)合句

專題十一

復(fù)合句考點一

并列復(fù)合句常用連詞（短語）含義示例and意為“和；而”，表并列、遞進(jìn)John

studies

hard,

and

he

always

helps

his

classmates

with

their

studies

as

well.約翰學(xué)習(xí)很努力，并且他也總是幫助同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)。常用連詞（短語）含義示例but意為“但是”，表轉(zhuǎn)折Mary

wanted

to

go

to

the

movies,

but

she

had

to

stay

at

home

and

finish

her

homework

first.瑪麗想去看電影，但是她不得不先待在家里完成作業(yè)。續(xù)表常用連詞（短語）含義示例or意為“否則；要不然”，表不做某事會有什么后果You

must

finish

your

chores

before

dinner,

or

you

won’t

be

allowed

to

watch

TV

tonight.你必須在晚飯前完成你的家務(wù)，否則你今晚將不被允許看電視。續(xù)表常用連詞（短語）含義示例so意為“所以；因此”，表結(jié)果The

we，ather

was

very

hot,

so

we

decided

to

go

swimming

in

the

river

nearby.天氣很熱，所以我們決定去附近的河里游泳。not

only...but

also...意為“不僅……而且……”，表遞進(jìn)He

not

only

plays

the

piano

well

but

also

composes

his

own

music.他不僅鋼琴彈得好，而且還自己作曲。續(xù)表常用連詞（短語）含義示例either...or...意為“或者……或者……”，表選擇You

can

either

take

the

bus

or

walk

to

the

park,

whichever

you

prefer.你可以乘公共汽車去公園，或者步行去，隨你喜歡。neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……；兩者都不”Neither

Tom

nor

his

brother

was

interested

in

playing

football.湯姆和他哥哥都對踢足球不感興趣。續(xù)表(

)1.

Hurry

up,

______

you

will

miss

the

beginning

of

the

concert.BA.

so

B.

or

C.

and

D.

but(

)2.

Lisa

was

busy

taking

notes

______

Mark

was

giving

a

talk.DA.

if

B.

unless

C.

until

D.

while(

)3.

You

won’t

pass

the

PE

exam

successfully

______

you

exercise

every

day.BA.

if

B.

unless

C.

as

long

as

D.

until(

)4.

I

think

I

am

the

shyest

in

my

class.

What

should

I

do?—Be

more

active

in

class

______

you

can

improve

your

ability

to

express

yourself.BA.

or

B.

so

that

C.

unless

D.

although(

)5.

Let’s

wait

______

the

rain

stops.DA.

so

B.

while

C.

since

D.

until考點二

主從復(fù)合句一、賓語從句1.賓語從句充當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句。2.賓語從句有三個要點：連接詞、語序和時態(tài)。連接詞用法示例that本身沒有意義，只起連接作用，口語中可以省略She

said

that

she

would

come

to

the

party.她說她會來參加聚會。if/

whether

/

whether...or

not意為“是否”，不能省略I’m

not

sure

if

he

will

arrive

on

time.我不確定他是否會準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)。連接詞用法示例what,

which,

who,whose,

whom在從句中作主語、賓語、定語等，一般不能省略I

don’t

understand

what

you

mean

by

saying

that.我不明白你那樣說是什么意思。Can

you

tell

me

who

called

while

I

was

out?你能告訴我我不在的時候誰打電話來了嗎？續(xù)表連接詞用法示例when,

where,

how,

why在從句中作狀語，一般不能省略I

want

to

know

how

you

solved

the

problem.我想知道你是如何解決這個問題的。Can

you

explain

why

you

chose

this

path?你能解釋一下你為什么選擇這條路嗎？續(xù)表【注意】（1）賓語從句必須使用陳述語序。I

have

no

idea

where

he

went

after

the

party.我不知道聚會后他去了哪里。（2）賓語從句的時態(tài)一般主句時態(tài)賓語從句原始時態(tài)賓語從句變化后時態(tài)示例過去時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時He

said

+

he

likes

apples.（原始）

→

He

said

that

he

liked

apples.（變化后）一般主句時態(tài)賓語從句原始時態(tài)賓語從句變化后時態(tài)示例一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時They

knew

+

he

has

finished

the

work.（原始）→

They

knew

that

he

had

finished

the

work.（變化后）一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時She

told

me

+

she

is

studying.（原始）→

She

told

me

that

she

was

studying.（變化后）續(xù)表一般主句時態(tài)賓語從句原始時態(tài)賓語從句變化后時態(tài)示例一般過去時一般將來時過去將來時I

thought

+

he

will

come

tomorrow.（原始）→

I

thought

that

he

would

come

tomorrow.（變化后）【注意】若賓語從句描述的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)事實、格言等，其時態(tài)仍然使用一般現(xiàn)在時，不受主句時態(tài)影響。例如：The

teacher

said

that

the

earth

goes

around

the

sun.老師說地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。續(xù)表二、狀語從句1.時間狀語從句從屬連詞用法示例when

“當(dāng)……的時候”可以與短暫動詞及延續(xù)性動詞連用When

the

bell

rang,

all

the

students

rushed

out

of

the

classroom.當(dāng)鈴聲響起時，所有的學(xué)生都沖出了教室。while

“當(dāng)……的時候”只能與延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞連用While

I

was

studying,

my

mom

was

cooking

dinner

in

the

kitchen.當(dāng)我正在學(xué)習(xí)的時候，我媽媽正在廚房做晚飯。從屬連詞用法示例as“隨著；當(dāng)……時”As

the

sun

was

setting,

the

sky

turned

orange

and

red.隨著太陽落山，天空變成了橙色和紅色。before“在……之前”You

should

finish

your

homework

before

you

watch

TV.你應(yīng)該在看電視之前完成你的作業(yè)。續(xù)表從屬連詞用法示例after

“在……之后”After

dinner,

we

went

for

a

walk

in

the

park.晚飯后，我們?nèi)チ斯珗@散步。since“自從”通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用I

have

learned

English

since

I

was

in

primary

school.自從上小學(xué)，我就學(xué)習(xí)英語了。續(xù)表從屬連詞用法示例till/

until直到……為止（與延續(xù)性動詞連用）not...until...直到……才……I

waited

till/until

my

friend

arrived.我一直等到我的朋友到來。I

didn’t

go

to

bed

until

I

finished

my

homework.直到我做完作業(yè)我才上床睡覺。as

soon

as“一……就……”As

soon

as

I

heard

the

news,

I

called

my

family.我一聽到這個消息，就給家人打了電話。續(xù)表2.條件狀語從句從屬連詞用法示例if

“如果”主將從現(xiàn)主情從現(xiàn)主祈從現(xiàn)主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn)If

you

want

to

achieve

success,

you

must

work

hard.如果你想要成功，你必須努力工作。從屬連詞用法示例unless

“如果不；除非”=

if...not...I

won’t

go

to

the

party

unless

you

come

with

me.除非你和我一起去，否則我不會去參加聚會。as

long

as

“只要”As

long

as

you

have

a

dream,

you

should

pursue

it.只要你有夢想，你就應(yīng)該去追求它。續(xù)表3.原因狀語從句從屬連詞用法示例because“因為”回答why提問She

couldn’t

come

to

school

today

because

she

was

sick.因為她生病了，所以她今天不能來上學(xué)。since

“既然”Since

you

have

finished

your

homework,

why

don’t

we

go

out

and

play?既然你已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)，我們?yōu)槭裁床怀鋈ネ婺?？as“由于；鑒于”As

it

was

raining

heavily,

we

decided

to

postpone

the

outdoor

activity.由于雨下得很大，我們決定推遲戶外活動。4.目的狀語從句從屬連詞用法示例so

that

“為了”She

studies

hard

so

that

she

can

get

into

a

good

university.她努力學(xué)習(xí)，以便能進(jìn)入一所好的大學(xué)。in

order

that

“為了”He

saved

money

in

order

that

he

could

buy

a

new

bike.他存錢是為了能買一輛新自行車。5.結(jié)果狀語從句從屬連詞用法示例so...

that

“如此……以至于……”so

+

形容詞或副詞The

music

was

so

loud

that

the

whole

neighborhood

could

hear

it.音樂如此大聲，以至于整個街區(qū)都能聽到它。such...that“如此……以至于……”such+名詞或名詞短語He

made

such

a

great

effort

that

everyone

was

impressed.他付出了如此巨大的努力，以至于每個人都留下了深刻印象。三、定語從句1.在主從復(fù)合句中修飾人或物的從句，叫定語從句。常位于被修飾詞的后面。被修飾詞叫先行詞。定語從句中引導(dǎo)、連接先行詞和從句，并在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分的詞語叫關(guān)系代詞。The

book

that

I

borrowed

from

the

library

is

very

interesting.我從圖書館借的那本書非常有趣。解釋：在這個句子中，“that”是關(guān)系代詞，它代替了先行詞“the

book”，并在定語從句中作賓語，“that”可以省略。指代對象關(guān)系詞及用法示例物that/whichThis

is

the

book

that/which

I

recommended

to

you

last

week.這是上周我推薦給你的那本書。人who/that/whomThe

man

who/that

helped

me

fix

my

car

was

very

kind.那個幫我修車的人非常善良。I

know

the

person

whom

you

are

looking

for.我知道你正在找的那個人。所屬關(guān)系whoseThe

student

whose

notebook

I

found

is

in

my

class.我找到他的筆記本的那個學(xué)生是我們班的。指代對象關(guān)系詞及用法示例時間、地點、原因when,where,whyI

remember

the

day

when

we

graduated

from

high

school.我記得我們高中畢業(yè)的那一天。This

is

the

city

where

I

was

born

and

raised.這是我出生和長大的城市。The

reason

why

he

didn’t

come

to

the

party

is

still

unknown.他沒來參加聚會的原因仍然未知。續(xù)表【辨析】1.定語從句中的情況：（1）先行詞是不定代詞，如everything,

anything等，或者先行詞被all,any,

every等詞修飾時，關(guān)系詞只用that,不用which。例：I

don’t

want

to

eat

anything

that

is

spicy.我不想吃任何辣的東西。（2）當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時，定語從句中的關(guān)系詞只能用that，不能用which。例：The

first

book

that

I

read

was

about

space.我讀的第一本書是關(guān)于太空的。（3）當(dāng)先行詞是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，既包含人又包含物時，定語從句中的關(guān)系詞只能用that，不能用which。例：The

teacher

and

the

books

that

he

recommended

were

very

helpful.他推薦的那位老師和書都非常有幫助。（4）當(dāng)主句的主語中有疑問詞who或which時，定語從句中的關(guān)系詞只能用that，不能用which。例：Which

is

the

trees

that

you

saw

in

the

park?你在公園里看到的樹是哪種？（5）當(dāng)先行詞被the

same修飾時，定語從句中的關(guān)系詞只能用that，不能用which。例：This

is

the

same

dress

that

I

wore

to

the

party

last

year.這是我去年參加聚會時穿過的同一件衣服。（6）There

be句型中或關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時，只能用that，也可以省去，不能用which。例：There

is

some

bread

on

the

table

that

is

hot.桌子上有一些熱的面包。（7）為避免與which重復(fù)使用時，只用that。例：The

company

released

a

new

machine

which

has

better

performance

that

is

considered

as

the

best

so

far.這個公司發(fā)布了一款擁有更好性能的新機(jī)器，這種性能目前被認(rèn)為是最好的。2.定語從句先行詞是物，關(guān)系詞只用which，不用that的情況：（1）當(dāng)關(guān)系詞前面有介詞時，指物常用which。例：The

prize

for

which

he

worked

so

hard

was

a

new

computer.他為了那個獎而如此努力工作，那個獎是一臺新電腦。（2）在非限制性定語從句中，指物時用which。例：Bamboo

is

hollow,

which

makes

it

light.竹子是空心的，這使得它很輕。（3）which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數(shù)情況下意思與and

this

相似。例：He

succeeded

in

the

competition,

which

made

his

parents

very

happy.他在比賽中成功了，這使得他的父母非常高興。3.定語從句中的先行詞為人，關(guān)系詞只能用who不能用that的情況：（1）當(dāng)先行詞是persons,

people,

those時，關(guān)系詞用who。例：Those

who

are

for

my

plan,

please

put

up

your

hands.同意我的計劃的人請舉起你的手。（2）

當(dāng)先行詞是he,

one,

all,

any,

they等時，關(guān)系詞用who。例：All

who

had

seen

this

film

were

moved.看過這部電影的人都被感動了。（3）

在非限制性定語從句中用who。例：I

want

him,

who

knows

some

English

and

French.

例：我要他，他知道一些英語和法語。（4）

在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中多用who，在口語中who可以省略。例：I

think

it

is

you

who

should

come

here

tomorrow.我認(rèn)為明天應(yīng)該來這兒的是你。4.定語從句中的先行詞為人，關(guān)系詞只能用that不用who的情況：（1）

當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時用that。例：

She

is

not

the

woman

that

she

used

to

be.她已經(jīng)不是過去的她了。（2）

避免重復(fù)。例：

Who

is

it

the

girl

that

often

comes

to

school

early?

常常早到校的那個女孩是誰？（3）

當(dāng)先行詞前面有指示代詞same時，要用that。例：

That

is

the

same

woman

that

spoke

at

the

meeting

yesterday.那個與昨天在會議上講話的是同一位女士。（4）

當(dāng)先行詞既有人，又有物時。例：

Let’s

talk

about

the

persons

and

the

things

that

we

can

remember.讓我們談?wù)撐覀兡軌蛳肫鸬娜撕褪?。?）當(dāng)先行詞前面有形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞或only等詞修飾時。例：

I

knew

her

father

for

the

simplest,

hardest

working

man

that

always

did

his

best.

我知道她的父親是個最簡樸、最努力工作的人，他總是盡他所能。(

)1.

You

should

turn

off

the

lights

______

you

leave

the

room.BA.

until

B.

before

C.

although

D.

so(

)2.

Mary

cut

her

knee

badly,

______

she

didn’t

cry.AA.

but

B.

as

C.

so

D.

since(

)3.

Our

country

will

be

much

better

for

everyone

in

future

______

we

all

do

something

to

help

now.AA.

if

B.

before

C.

so

that

D.

even

though(

)4.

Lei

Feng

is

a

great

person

______

sets

a

good

example

to

us.AA.

who

B.

which

C.

whose

D.

that(

)5.

He

showed

me

the

photos

______

he

took

at

his

graduation

ceremony.AA.

that

B.

who

C.

what

D.

whose一、單項選擇1.

He

____

much

healthier

if

he

______

enough

exercise

in

his

free

time.A.

is;

take

B.

will

be;

takesC.

will

be;

take

D.

is;takesB(

)2.

(2024·武漢中考)The

saying

“Knowledge

starts

with

practice”

tells

us

______.BA.

what

is

knowledgeB.

how

we

can

get

knowledgeC.

why

is

practice

powerfulD.

when

we

should

start

practicing3.

(2024·濱州中考)—Nowadays,

many

children

fall

in

love

with

paper

cutting.—That’s

true.

It

can

____

express

their

own

fantastic

ideas

______

improve

their

hands-on

ability.A.

either;

or

B.

not;

butC.

not

only;

but

also

D.

neither;

norC(

)4.

(2024·樂山中考)—I’ll

never

forget

the

experiences

______

we

had

in

the

volunteer

work

last

summer.—Me

too.

The

3

days

were

meaningful

and

full

of

fun.CA.

when

B.

who

C.

that

D.

whose(

)5.

(2024·瀘州中考)You

will

never

truly

understand

your

parents’

great

love

______

you

grow

up.AA.

until

B.

if

C.

since

D.

as(

)6.

(2024·瀘州中考)A

true

friend

is

a

person

______

will

always

be

there

to

share

your

laughter

and

tears.CA.

what

B.

which

C.

who

D.

whom(

)7.

(2024·遂寧中考)Everything

is

possible

______

you

work

hard.CA.

as

much

as

B.

as

soon

as

C.

as

long

as

D.

as

far

as(

)8.

(2024·遂寧中考)—What

kind

of

movies

do

you

like

best?—I

like

the

movies

______

make

me

feel

happy

and

relaxed.BA.

what

B.

which

C.

who

D.

/(

)9.

(2021·安徽中考)—I’m

not

sure

______

my

suggestion

is

helpful

to

you.—It

certainly

is.

Every

little

bit

helps.CA.

why

B.

how

C.

whether

D.

where(

)10.

(2021·成都中考)—How

wonderful

the

school

concert

is!

I

wonder

______

our

school

will

hold

it

next

year.—Sure.

It’s

our

school

tradition!BA.

how

B.

if

C.

where

D.

how(

)11.

(2020

·安徽中考)—Could

you

tell

me

______

we

can

start

a

conversation

with

a

foreigner?—Talking

about

weather

is

a

good

choice.AA.

how

B.

why

C.

where

D.

when(

)12.

In

some

way,

success

depends

on

______

we

have

good

teamwork.BA.

that

B.

whether

C.

why

D.

how(

)13.

Mrs.

Wang

is

an

English

teacher

______

makes

her

classes

lively

and

interesting.BA.

which

B.

who

C.

what

D.

whose(

)14.

The

boys

______

are

playing

football

are

from

Class

One.BA.

which

B.

who

C.

whose

D.

whose(

)15.

Students

love

the

teachers

______

are

outgoing

and

humorous.AA.

who

B.

whom

C.

which

D.

whose(

)16.

Rome

is

an

ancient

city

______

is

full

of

places

of

interest.BA.

where

B.

which

C.

who

D.

what(

)17.

What

kind

of

music

do

you

like,

Linda?—I

like

music

______

I

can

dance

to.BA.

when

B.

that

C.

what

D.

who(

)18.

Jeff,

what

are

you

watching?—A

short

video

about

Zhang

Guimei

______

stories

move

me

deeply.CA.

who

B.

whom

C.

whose

D.

what(

)19.

What

kind

of

movies

do

you

like?—I

prefer

movies

______

me

something

to

think

about.CA.

whom

give

B.

who

gives

C.

which

give

D.

that

gives(

)20.

—Mum

is

too

busy

to

make

dinner

for

us.—Let’s

do

it

ourselves,

______

we

shouldn’t

depend

on

our

parents

too

much.BA.

so

B.

because

C.

but

D.

or(

)21.

—Which

kind

of

books

do

you

best?—I

like

books

______

are

about

science

and

technology.CA.

who

B.

whom

C.

which

D.

whose二、用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空1.

_______

the

children

are

reading