《土木工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ) 第2版》 課件 Unit5 Composite Construction

Unit5CompositeConstructionEnglishforCivilEngineering——Teacher：Prof.ZhengLuE-mail:luzheng111@（SchoolofCivilEngineering,TONGJIUNIVERSITY）Unit5CompositeConstruction5.1Overview（概述）5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeam（鋼-混凝土組合梁）5.1.2CompositeSlabs（組合樓板）5.1.3SteelReinforcedConcrete(SRC)（型鋼混凝土）5.1.4ConcreteFilledTube(CFT)Columns（鋼管混凝土）5.2Pre-stressedConcreteCompositeSlabs（預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土組合樓板）5.2.1Introduction（簡(jiǎn)介）5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlate（預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土組合樓板綜述）5.2.3TheResearchandApplicationofPre-stressedCompositeSlabs（預(yù)應(yīng)力組合樓板的研究及應(yīng)用）5.2.4Conclusion（結(jié)論）In1988,BankofChinaTowerinHongKong(Fig.5-1)wascompleted.ThismagnificentbuildingwasthetallestbuildinginAsiaatthattime.Thebuildingwasconstructedusingcompositesteel-concretestructures,whichisanimportantmilestonesincethedevelopmentofthecompositeconstruction.中銀大廈是組合結(jié)構(gòu)史上的里程碑compositesteel-concretestructures鋼-混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)；milestone里程碑5.1OverviewCompositeconstructionisamethodofconstructionthatisusedinavarietyofengineeringandbuildingapplications.Employingdissimilarcomponents,suchasconcreteandsteelorfiberglassandfoam,forasingleuseorstructureiscalledcompositeconstruction.Thegoalisunifyingoftheindividualcomponentpropertiestocreateacompositematerialthatpossessesthedesiredpropertiesofallcomponentpieces.組合結(jié)構(gòu)定義dissimilar不同的；fiberglass玻璃纖維；foam泡沫橡膠；unify統(tǒng)一；possess具有5.1OverviewInstructuralengineering,compositeconstructionexistswhentwodifferentmaterialsareboundtogethersostronglythattheyacttogetherasasingleunitfromastructuralpointofview.Whenthisoccurs,itiscalledcompositeaction.Onecommonexampleinvolvessteelbeamssupportingconcretefloorslabs.Ifthebeamisnotconnectedfirmlytotheslab,thentheslabtransfersallofitsweighttothebeamandtheslabcontributesnothingtotheloadcarryingcapabilityofthebeam.However,iftheslabisconnectedpositivelytothebeamwithstuds,thenaportionoftheslabcanbeassumedtoactcompositelywiththebeam.Ineffect,thiscompositecreatesalargerandstrongerbeamthanthesteelbeamalone.Thestructuralengineermaycalculateatransformedsectionasonestepinanalyzingtheloadcarryingcapabilityofthecompositebeam.如何實(shí)現(xiàn)組合作用concretefloorslabs混凝土樓板；stud鉚釘；beassumedto假定為；stud鉚釘5.1OverviewCommonstructuralmembersofcompositeconstructioninclude①Steel-ConcreteCompositeBeams(Steel-ConcreteFloorCompositeStructure),②CompositeSlabs,③SteelReinforcedConcrete:SteelReinforcedBeams,SteelReinforcedColumns,SteelReinforcedWalls,④ConcreteFilledTube.組合結(jié)構(gòu)分類5.1OverviewCompositesteel-concretebeamismadeupofsteelbeamandslabbyshear

connector.Inthistypeofcompositebeam,concreteandsteelbeamhavejointstressandcompatibilityofdeformation,whichmakefulluseofthecompressivestrengthofconcreteandthetensilestrengthofsteel.Soitremarkablyraisesthestiffnessandstabilityofbeams.鋼-混凝土組合梁的組合形式shear

connector剪力連接鍵；joint共同的5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeamCompositesteel-concretebeamshavebeendevelopedveryfastinrecentyears,andmoreandmorewidelyusedasthehorizontalelementscarryingheavyloadsinbuildingsandbridges,obtainingnotableeconomicandsocialbenefits.組合結(jié)構(gòu)定義horizontalelements水平構(gòu)件5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeamAdvantagesofcompositebeams:1. Theconcreteandsteelisutilizedeffectively.2. Moreeconomicalsteelsectionisusedincompositeconstructionthanconventionalnon-compositeconstructionforthesamespanandloading.3. Depthandweightofsteelbeamrequiredisreduced.So,theconstructiondepthalsoreducesincreasingtheheadroomofthebuilding.組合梁的優(yōu)點(diǎn)utilize利用；conventional傳統(tǒng)的；headroom凈空5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeam4. Compositebeamshavehigherstiffness,thustheyhavelessdeflectionthansteelbeams.5. Compositebeams(Fig.5-2)cancoverforlargespacewithouttheneedofanyintermediatecolumns.6. Compositeconstructionisfasterbecauseofusingrolledsteelandpre-fabricatedcomponentsthancast-in-situconcrete.7. Encasedsteelbeamhavehigherresistancetofireandcorrosion.組合梁的優(yōu)點(diǎn)intermediatecolumns中柱；rolledsteel軋制鋼；pre-fabricatedcomponents預(yù)制構(gòu)件；cast-in-situconcrete現(xiàn)澆混凝土；encasedsteelbeam內(nèi)置鋼梁；corrosion腐蝕5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeamCompositeslabscommonlyreferstosteeldeckreinforcedcompositeslabs(Fig.5-3)whichareformedbypouringconcreteonthesteelplateofdifferentkindsofconcaveandconvexribsordifferentkindsgrooves.Theyrelyonvariousformsofconcaveandconvexribsorgroovesandthensteelandconcretewillbeconnectedtogether.組合板steeldeck鋼板；concaveandconvexribs凹凸肋；groove凹槽5.1.2CompositeSlabsSteelreinforcedconcrete(Fig.5-4)compositestructures(shortastheSRCcompositestructure)ismadeupofprofilesteel,longitudinalreinforcement,stirrupsandconcrete.Thatisconcretestructurewithprofilesteelinthecoreofstructurecomponentsandwithstirrupsandappropriate

verticalreinforcementoutofstructurecomponents.Itisdividedintotwotypesofstructure:allstructurecomponentsaresteelreinforcedconcretecompositestructuresandpartofstructurecomponentsaresteelreinforcedconcretecompositestructures.型鋼—鋼筋混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)的組成成分profilesteel型鋼；longitudinalreinforcement縱向鋼筋；stirrup箍筋；appropriate適量的；verticalreinforcement豎向鋼筋（應(yīng)為縱向鋼筋）；5.1.3SteelReinforcedConcrete(SRC)Concrete-filledtubecolumnsconsistofasteeltubefilledwithconcrete.Theconcretecoreaddsstiffnessandcompressivestrengthtothetubularcolumnandreducesthepotentialforinwardlocalbuckling.Conversely,thesteeltubeactsaslongitudinalandlateralreinforcementfortheconcretecorehelpingittoresisttension,bendingmomentandshearandprovidingconfinementfortheconcrete.鋼管混凝土柱的組成及優(yōu)點(diǎn)inwardlocalbuckling向內(nèi)的局部屈曲；lateralreinforcement側(cè)向支承；confinement約束5.1.4ConcreteFilledTube(CFT)ColumnsDuetothebenefitofcompositeactionofthetwomaterials,theCFTcolumnsprovideexcellentseismiceventresistantstructuralpropertiessuchashighstrength,highductilityandlargeenergyabsorptioncapacity.Also,circularhollowsectionspossessmanyadvantagesoveropensections,includingaestheticappearanceandeconomyintermsofmaterialcosts.鋼管混凝土柱抗震性能好ductility延性；aestheticappearance美觀5.1.4ConcreteFilledTube(CFT)ColumnsDuetothecomplexityofconnectionsbetweensteelbeamsandcircularhollowsections,theiruseinstructuralsteelworkislimited.Thisisbecausetheuseofstandardboltingisnotfeasibleandcostlyunpopularweldedconnectionsarethenormalsolutions.Concrete-filledsteeltube(CFT)columnscombinetheadvantagesofductility,generallyassociatedwithsteelstructures,withthestiffnessofaconcretestructuralsystem.鋼管混凝土柱同時(shí)具有鋼結(jié)構(gòu)和混凝土兩種材料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，不過(guò)不能使用常規(guī)螺栓進(jìn)行連接feasible可行的5.1.4ConcreteFilledTube(CFT)ColumnsInallkindsoffloors,concreteslabsoccupythedominantposition.Concreteslabscanbedividedintotwomajorcategories,thecast-in-placeslabandtheprecastslab.Thecast-in-placeslabhasgoodstructuralintegrity,however,itneedson-siteconcretepouringprocedure,largeconcretewetconstruction,instableconstructionquality,morescaffoldingandtemplates,highcostsandlongconstructionperiod.Theprecastslabisproducedinthefactoryandhasadvantagesoflessconcretewetconstruction,stableconstructionquality,lessscaffoldingandtemplates,lowconstructionnoise,reducibleengineeringcostandshortconstructionperiod.Butitsstructural

integrityneedstobeimproved.Therefore,compositeslabswhichcombinetheadvantagesofcast-in-placeslabsandprecastslabsbecomepopular.Itsbottompanelismanufacturedinfactoryandassembledonthespot.Thentheconcreteispouredinplacetoformthecompositeslab.Thisslabisprovidedwithadvantagesofgoodstructuralintegrity,lessscaffoldingandtemplates,shortconstructionperiod,goodeconomicefficiency,soithaspromisingdevelopmentprospects.組合樓板結(jié)合了現(xiàn)澆板和預(yù)制板優(yōu)點(diǎn)dominantposition主導(dǎo)地位；category類別；on-siteconcretepouringprocedure現(xiàn)場(chǎng)混凝土澆筑；scaffolding腳手架；template模板；structuralintegrity結(jié)構(gòu)完整性；bottompanel底板；spot現(xiàn)場(chǎng)5.2.1IntroductionThecompositeslabwithpre-stressedbottompanelisthemostwidelyusedcompositeslab.InChina,thepre-stressedthinslabwasproducedupto1957.In1970s,thepre-stressedcompositebeamandslabwasproducedwithcold-drawnlow-carbonsteelwires.In1980s,thestandarddrawingofpre-stressedcompositeslabswascompiled.Nowadays,thecompositeslabhasbeenwidelyusedinthehousingconstruction.Integratedprefabricatedhyperstaticstructureswithcompositecomponents,formedbypre-stressedcompositeslabsandpre-stressedhollowcompositebeams,havebeenappliedintallbuildings.組合板的發(fā)展cold-drawnlow-carbonsteelwires冷拔低碳鋼絲；standarddrawing標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖冊(cè)；compile編制；integratedprefabricatedhyperstaticstructures整體預(yù)制的超靜定結(jié)構(gòu)；pre-stressedhollowcompositebeams預(yù)應(yīng)力空心組合梁5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlateThebottompanelofcompositeslabsmostlyemploysthefirst-tensionedpre-stressedpanel.Thebottompanelcanalsobeusedaspermanentformworks.Accordingtowhetherornotthebracesaresetunderbottompanels,thecompositeslabcanbesortedintoone-stageloadingcompositeslabandtwo-stageloadingcompositeslab.組合板分類first-tensionedpre-stressedpanel先張拉預(yù)應(yīng)力板；permanentformworks永久性模板；one-stageloadingcompositeslab一階段加載組合板；two-stageloadingcompositeslab兩階段加載組合板5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlateTheone-stageloadingcompositeslabhasslenderbottompanel,soitshouldbesupportedbytemporarybracesbeforethebottompanelsareassembled.Thepost-pouredconcretelayerandbottompanelbegintoworktogetherafterpost-pouredconcreteishardened.Theone-stageloadingcompositeslabissimilarwiththecast-in-placeslabinmechanicalbehavior.一階段加載組合板的做法及特點(diǎn)temporarybraces臨時(shí)支撐；bottompanels底板5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlateThebottompaneloftwo-stagecompositeslabhasenoughbendingstiffnessandneedsnotemporarybracesduringconstruction.Soconstructiondurationcanbeshortenedandtheprojectcostcanbereduced.Differentfromthecast-in-placeslab,thecross-sectiondimensionsandreinforcementsofthecompositeslabaredecidedbyconstructionstage,notbyservicestage.Beforethepost-pouredconcretelayerishardened,itbearsnoloads.Inthemeanwhile,thebottompanelitselfbearsitsdeadweight,post-pouredconcrete’sdeadweightandconstructionloads.Afterthepost-pouredconcretelayerishardened,itbeginstoworktogetherwithbottompaneltoformcompositeslab,whichbearsthedeadweightofpost-pouredconcretelayer,floorsurfaceandceilingandliveloadduringservicestage.兩階段加載組合板的做法及特點(diǎn)cross-sectiondimensions截面尺寸；reinforcement配筋5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlateThebottompanelpatterndeterminesthebondingbehaviorofthecompositeslabandtheedgejointdetailsinfluencesitscrackresistance.Theroughnessofbottompanelsurfacecanaffectthebondforceofcompositeslabs.Accordingtoroughness,thebottompanelcanbedividedintonaturalroughbottompanel,artificialroughbottompanelandshear-resistantreinforcedbottompanel.Accordingtocrosssection,thebottompanelcanbeclassifiedintoflatbottompanel,precastribbedbottompanel,hollowbottompanelandsandwichbottompanel.組合板根據(jù)底板粗糙程度和截面形狀分類bottompanelpattern底板形狀；bondingbehavior粘結(jié)性能；crackresistance抗裂性能5.2.3TheResearchandApplicationofPre-stressedCompositeSlabsComposite