（高考英語作文煉句）第58篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE11.如果政府不肯同意公民的合法訴求,公民有權(quán)發(fā)起和平抗議.Citizens

areentitledto

(1.有資格有……,有權(quán)做……)stagepeacefulprotests

(2.發(fā)起和平抗議)ifthegovernmentfailsto

accedetotheirlegitimatedemands(3.同意他們的合法訴求).

1-beentitledtodo

詞典釋義：entitleUK

[?n'ta?.tl]

US

[-t?l]

verb

transitive

ALLOW

允許

ADVANCED

■togivesomeonetherighttodoorhavesomething

給予(某人…)的權(quán)利;使符合資格?Beingunemployed

entitles

you

to

free

medicaltreatment.失業(yè)時(shí),你有權(quán)享受免費(fèi)醫(yī)療.?[+

to

infinitive]Theemployeris

entitled

to

askforreferences.雇主有權(quán)索取推薦信.

外刊例句：TwohighcourtjudgesruledthatSmith

was

legally

entitled

to

stagethe

awardfromlastDecember.

()兩位最高法院法官裁定,史密斯有權(quán)拿回自上個(gè)12月算起的全部賠償裁定額.

替換表達(dá)：havetherighttodo

2-stagepeacefulprotests

詞典釋義：stage5.VERB

動(dòng)詞

組織(活動(dòng)或儀式)

Ifyou

stage

aneventorceremony,youorganizeitandusuallytakepartin

it.?Russianworkershave

stageda

numberofstrikesinprotestattherepublic'sdeclarationofindependence...俄羅斯工人已經(jīng)舉行了數(shù)次罷工,抗議該共和國宣布獨(dú)立.?Atthemiddleofthisyearthegovernment

stagedahugemilitaryparade.今年年中,政府舉行了一次盛大的閱兵活動(dòng).

外刊例句：Anarmyofleft-wingnationalistsloyalto

AndrésManuelLópezObrador,whocamesecondtoMrPe?ainlastyear’s

presidentialelection,plansto

stage

protests

inMexicoCityincomingweeks.()洛佩茲在去年總統(tǒng)大選中僅次于佩拉,其大批左翼忠實(shí)支持者將于接下來的星期里,在墨西哥城抗議游行.

替換表達(dá)：organize/hold/mountprotests,protestpeacefully

3-accedetotheirlegitimatedemands

詞典釋義：accede[?k'si：d]

verb

Phrasal

Verbs

accedetosth

formal

■toagreetodowhatpeoplehaveaskedyoutodo

同意,應(yīng)允?Hegraciously

acceded

toourrequest.他很通情達(dá)理,同意了我們的請求.?Itisdoubtfulwhetherthegovernmentwillever

accede

tothenationalists'demandsforindependence.難以預(yù)料政府是否會(huì)同意民族主義者的獨(dú)立要求.

legitimate

UK

[l?'d??t.?.m?t]

US

[-'d??t?-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■allowedbylaw

合法的,正當(dāng)?shù)?法律允許的

?Thearmymustgivepowerbacktothe

legitimate

government.軍隊(duì)必須將權(quán)力交還給合法政府.

ADVANCED

■reasonableandacceptable

合理的,可接受的,得到認(rèn)可的

?Heclaimedthattherestaurantbillwasa

legitimate

businessexpense.他聲稱飯店帳單是一筆合理的業(yè)務(wù)開支.

外刊例句：Butsheaddedthatthegovernmentwouldnot

accedeto

longstanding

demands

fora$1bn(￡447m)fundto

compensatethoseaffectedbythepolicy,whichwasbasedonrace.

()但她補(bǔ)充道,政府不會(huì)接受這些由來已久的訴求：要求政府拿出十億美金來補(bǔ)償那些因?yàn)榉N族原因而受政策影響的人群.

替換表達(dá)：agreetosomething

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)agreethelegitimatedemandsofcitizens點(diǎn)評(píng)：agree在這里是不及物動(dòng)詞,要改為agreetothelegitimatedemandsofcitizens(2)agreewithcitizens'legalclaims點(diǎn)評(píng)：agreewith

something含義是"認(rèn)同某事”,例如：IseeyourpointbutI'mnot

sureIagreewithyou.我明白你的觀點(diǎn),但恐怕我不能茍同.而agreetosomething含義則是"同意做(某人要求你做的)事情”,例如：Idon'tunderstand

whyhedoesn'tagreetothedivorce.我理解為什么他不同意離婚.這里句子的意思是"政府接受公民的訴求”,因此應(yīng)該用agreetocitizenslegalclaims

2.讓每個(gè)人震驚的一點(diǎn)是,對(duì)受災(zāi)地區(qū)人民的扶助不足是官員腐敗的直接結(jié)果.Toeveryone'sshock,

theinadequacyofprovisionfor

(1.對(duì)……的扶助不足)peopleindisaster-strickenareasturnedouttobeadirectresultof

officialcorruption(2.官員腐敗).

1-theinadequacyofprovisionfor

詞典釋義：inadequacy

[?'n?d.?.kw?.si]

noun

countable

or

uncountable

■whensomethingisnotgoodenoughortoosmallinamount

不夠好;劣質(zhì)?Economicgrowthishinderedbythe

inadequacies

of

thepublictransportsystem.經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展受制于公共交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的不完善.?The

inadequacy

ofthebudgetislikelytocause

problems.預(yù)算的不足有可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致問題.

provision

●●●○○1.N-UNCOUNT

不可數(shù)名詞

供應(yīng);提供

The

provisionof

somethingistheactofgivingitormakingitavailabletopeoplewhoneed

orwantit.?Thedepartmentisresponsibleforthe

provision

ofresidentialcareservices.該部門負(fù)責(zé)提供家庭護(hù)理服務(wù).?...nursery

provision

forchildrenwithspecialneeds.為有特殊需要的兒童提供護(hù)理2.N-VAR

可變名詞

預(yù)備;準(zhǔn)備;預(yù)先采取的措施

Ifyoumake

provisionfor

somethingthat

mighthappenorthatmightneedtobedone,youmakearrangementstodeal

withit.?MrKingaskedifithadeveroccurredtohertomake

provision

forherownpension...金先生問她是否曾想過要為自己的養(yǎng)老金預(yù)先作安排.

?Thereisno

provision

forfundingperformance-relatedpayrises.沒有為與業(yè)績掛鉤的加薪預(yù)作資金準(zhǔn)備.

外刊例句：Butthefinancialturmoilhasalsoshownup

the

inadequacy

oftheregion'sown

self-helpmechanisms.

()但這次財(cái)政混亂也反映了,該地區(qū)自救系統(tǒng)不夠完備.

2-officialcorruption

詞典釋義：official[?'f??.?l]

adjective

ESSENTIAL

■relatingtoapositionofresponsibility

官員的;公職的;公務(wù)的?HevisitedChinainhis

official

capacityas

America'straderepresentative.他以美方貿(mào)易代表的身份訪問了中國.?NumberTenDowningStreetistheBritishprimeminister's

official

residence.唐寧街10號(hào)是英國首相的官邸.

corruption

[k?'r?p.??n]

noun

BAD

腐敗

IMPROVER

uncountable

■illegal,badordishonestbehaviour,especiallybypeople

inpositionsofpower

(尤指當(dāng)權(quán)者的)貪污,腐敗,墮落

?Thefilmisaboutayoungpolice-officerandhisstruggle

to

expose

corruption

intheforce.電影講述的是一個(gè)年輕員警的故事,表現(xiàn)了他是如何克服困難揭露警方內(nèi)部腐敗的.?Political

corruption

iswidespreadthroughoutthe

country.政治腐敗在全國蔓延.

外刊例句：Inhisfirstaddresssincebeingregisteredas

acandidateforRussia'sMarchpresidentialelection,Medvedevsaid

officialcorruption

hadnowreacheda

"hugescale".()梅德韋杰夫在注冊為3月份的總統(tǒng)大選候選人后,首次發(fā)表講話時(shí)稱,官員腐敗程度現(xiàn)在已達(dá)到了"巨大規(guī)?！?

3.在駭人聽聞的恐怖襲擊之后,政府加強(qiáng)安全防御來減輕人們對(duì)武裝暴力的恐懼.Rightafterthe

appalling

(1.駭人聽聞的)terroristactivity,thegovernment

tightenedsecurity

(2.加強(qiáng)安全防御)to

allaypublicfears

(3.減輕人們對(duì)……的恐懼)aboutarmedviolence.

1-appalling

詞典釋義：appallingUK

[?'p?：.l??]

US

[-'pɑ：-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■shockingandverybad

駭人聽聞的,令人震驚的;極為惡劣的

?appalling

injuries慘不忍睹的傷處?Prisonerswerekeptinthemost

appalling

conditions.犯人被關(guān)押在條件極其惡劣的地方.

外刊例句：Such

imagesare

appalling;thatthey

havebecomefamiliarisevenmoreso.()如此圖片實(shí)在駭人聽聞;而他們卻已對(duì)此越發(fā)習(xí)以為常.

替換表達(dá)：horrifying/dreadful/shocking/terrifying

2-tightensecurity

詞典釋義：tighten6.VERB

動(dòng)詞

使(規(guī)定、政策、制度)更加嚴(yán)格;使更加有效

Ifsomeoneinauthority

tightens

arule,apolicy,

orasystem,theymakeitstricterormoreefficient.?TheUnitedStatesplansto

tighten

theeconomicsanctionscurrentlyinplace...美國計(jì)劃加大現(xiàn)有經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁的力度.

?Theyhave

tightenedsecurityalongtheborder...他們加強(qiáng)了邊境的安全工作.?Take-offandlandingprocedureshavebeen

tightenedaftertwojetsnarrowlyescapeddisaster.在兩架噴氣機(jī)差點(diǎn)出事故之后,起飛和降落的操作規(guī)程更加嚴(yán)格了.Tightenup

meansthesameas

tighten.

tightenup

同tighten?Untilthisweek,everyattemptto

tighten

upthelawhadfailed...到本周為止,一切旨在嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法的努力都失敗了.

?Heaccusedministersofbreakingelectionpledgesto

tighten

uponimmigration.他指責(zé)部長們沒有兌現(xiàn)在競選中許下的加強(qiáng)移民管制的諾言.

外刊例句：Itsaiditwasreviewingmethodsto

tightensecurity,includingnew

computersoftwarecapableofcompilingapassenger"blacklist"and

theinstallationofCCTVcamerasonaircraft.

()它說它將重新檢閱這些用于加強(qiáng)安保的方法,這包括：采用新型的可以編譯來訪者"黑名單”的軟件、在機(jī)場安裝全方位監(jiān)控?cái)z像頭.

替換表達(dá)：stepup/increase/strengthensecurity

3-allay

詞典釋義：allay[?'le?]

formal

verb

transitive

■Ifyouallayastrongemotionfeltbysomeone,suchas

fearorworry,youcausethemtofeelitlessortofeelcalmagain

減輕,緩解(擔(dān)憂、恐懼等)?Thegovernmentistryingto

allay

public

fears/concern

aboutthespreadofthedisease.政府正努力消除公眾對(duì)疾病蔓延的恐懼／擔(dān)心.

外刊例句：TheEPAisnowconductingthebiggeststudy

everintoallaspectsofshaleexploration,likelytobepublishednextyear,

whichmighthelp

allay

public

fears.()環(huán)境保護(hù)局正對(duì)頁巖開采組織一場前所未有的大規(guī)模調(diào)查,而這份調(diào)查很可能將在下一年發(fā)布,或許可以緩解公眾對(duì)頁巖開采的擔(dān)憂.

替換表達(dá)：alleviate/assuagepublicfears4.在反腐運(yùn)動(dòng)期間,很多高官最終鋃鐺入獄,但政府在根治腐敗這方面還有很長的路要走.Duringtheanti-corruptioncampaignmany

high-levelofficials

(1.高官)endedupbehindbars(2.最終鋃鐺入獄),yetthereisstillalongwaytogobeforethegovernment

eradicatescorruption(3.根治腐敗).

1-high-levelofficialsofficer和official在指"n-高級(jí)官員”時(shí),在含義上是相同的.但是,到底用哪個(gè)詞,就是習(xí)慣的問題了.officer多用于軍隊(duì)、海關(guān)、警察,例如anavalofficer;official多用于政府、行政,例如senioradministrationofficials.

詞典釋義：high-level

adjectiveonlybeforenoun

1.inapowerfulpositionorjob,orinvolvingpeoplewhoareinpowerful

positionsorjobs高層的,由高層人士進(jìn)行(組成)的：?high-level

executives高層管理人員high-levelmeetings/talks/negotiationsetc.?ahigh-level

conferenceonarmscontrol關(guān)于軍備控制的高層會(huì)議

official[?'f??.?l]

noun

countable

ESSENTIAL

■apersonwhohasa

positionofresponsibilityinanorganization

官員;要員;高級(jí)職員

?agovernment/trade-union/council

official政府官員／工會(huì)要員／市政會(huì)官員

外刊例句：Expertsraiseconcernsoverwhethertheright

peoplehavebeentargetedintheleadcontaminationcaseas

high-levelofficials

remainuntouched.

()專家擔(dān)憂,(政府)在鉛污染案件中沒有針對(duì)到真正的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?因?yàn)楦吖俣既园踩粺o恙.

替換表達(dá)：high-ranking/top/seniorofficials,dignitaries

2-endupbehindbars

詞典釋義：endup1.PHRASAL

VERB

短語動(dòng)詞

(通常指意外地)最終到達(dá)

Ifsomeoneorsomething

endsup

somewhere,

theyeventuallyarrivethere,usuallybyaccident.?Theresultwasthattheengineendedupatthebottomofthe

canal...結(jié)果引擎最終沉到了運(yùn)河底.?Shefledwithherchildren,movingfromneighbourto

neighbourandendingupinafriend'scellar.她帶著孩子逃亡,從一個(gè)鄰居家跑到另一個(gè)鄰居家,最后逃到了一個(gè)朋友的地下室.2.PHRASAL

VERB

短語動(dòng)詞

最終;結(jié)果;到頭來

Ifyou

endup

doing

somethingor

endup

inaparticularstate,youdothatthingorgetintothatstate

eventhoughyoudidnotoriginallyintendto.?Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwant,youmight

endup

gettingsomethingyoudon'twant...如果你不知道自己想要什么,到頭來你可能得非所愿.?Everytimetheywentdancingtheyendedupinabad

mood...每次他們?nèi)ヌ?都會(huì)不歡而散.?Shecouldhaveendedupamillionairess.她本可以成為百萬富婆的.

behindbars

phrase