市政管道工程施工 Municipal Pipeline C

市政管道工程施工MunicipalPipelineConstruction教學(xué)單元1市政管道工程施工基本知識TeachingUnit1:BasicKnowledgeofMunicipalPipelineConstruction排水管道工程（排水管道埋深及銜接）DrainagePipelineEngineering(PipelineBurialDepthandConnections)排水管道埋深及銜接DepthandConnectionofDrainagePipes污水管道的埋設(shè)深度BurialDepthofSewagePipelines（1）管道的埋設(shè)深度有兩個意義：(1)Theburialdepthofpipelineshastwosignificances:覆土厚度、埋設(shè)深度Coverthickness,burialdepth（2）埋設(shè)深度與管網(wǎng)造價

(2)Burialdepthandnetworkcost同一管徑的管道，采用的管材、接口和基礎(chǔ)型式均相同，因其埋深不同，管道單位長度的工程費(fèi)用相差較大。因此，合理地確定管道埋設(shè)深度對于降低工程造價是十分重要。Forpipelineswiththesamediameter,ifthepipematerial,joints,andfoundationtypesarethesame,theengineeringcostperunitlengthofthepipelinevariessignificantlyduetodifferentburialdepths.Therefore,reasonablydeterminingthepipelineburialdepthiscrucialforreducingengineeringcosts.覆土厚度CoverSoilThickness埋設(shè)深度BurialDepth地面Ground管道Pipeline管道外壁頂部到地面的距離Distancefromthetopofthepipeouterwalltothegroundsurface管道內(nèi)壁底部到地面的垂直距離Verticaldistancefromthebottomofthepipeinnerwalltothegroundsurface（3）污水管道最小覆土厚度的決定因素(3)Factorsdeterminingtheminimumcoverthicknessofsewagepipelines

①滿足地面荷載(最小覆土厚度）的要求、②滿足街坊管道連接要求、③滿足冰凍線的要求①M(fèi)eetingsurfaceload(minimumcoverthickness)requirements,②Meetingstreetpipelineconnectionrequirements,③Meetingfrostlinerequirements動荷載DynamicLoad靜荷載StaticLoad≥0.7m排水管道埋深及銜接DepthandConnectionofDrainagePipes污水管道的埋設(shè)深度BurialDepthofSewagePipelines滿足地面荷載(最小覆土厚度）的要求。Meetingsurfaceload(minimumcoverthickness)requirements.排水管道埋深及銜接DepthandConnectionofDrainagePipes

h—街坊污水管起點(diǎn)的最小埋深，m；h—Minimumburialdepthatthestartingpointofthestreetsewagepipe,m;Z1—街道污水管起點(diǎn)檢查井處地面標(biāo)高，m；Z1—Groundelevationatthestartingpointinspectionwellofthestreetsewagepipe,m;Z2—街坊污水管起點(diǎn)檢查井處地面標(biāo)高，m；Z2—Groundelevationatthestartingpointinspectionwellofthestreetsewagepipe,m;i—街坊污水管的坡度；i—Slopeofthestreetsewagepipe;L—街坊污水管的總長度，m；L—Totallengthofthestreetsewagepipe,m;△h—街坊污水管和街道污水管的管內(nèi)底高差，m。△h—Heightdifferencebetweenthebottomofthestreetsewagepipeandthestreetsewagepipe,m.排水管道埋深及銜接DepthandConnectionofDrainagePipes《室外排水設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》規(guī)定：無保溫措施的生活污水管道，管底可埋設(shè)在冰凍線以上0.15m；有保溫措施或水溫較高的管道，距離可以加大。Accordingtothe"OutdoorDrainageDesignStandards":Fordomesticsewagepipeswithoutinsulationmeasures,thepipebottomcanbeburied0.15mabovethefrostline;forpipeswithinsulationmeasuresorhigherwatertemperatures,thedistancecanbeincreased.

冰凍線FrostLine0.15m冰凍線的要求FrostLineRequirements覆土厚度CoverSoilThickness埋設(shè)深度BurialDepth地面Ground管道Pipeline有效水深EffectiveWaterDepth污水管道的埋設(shè)深度BurialDepthofSewagePipelines必須滿足冰凍線的要求：Mustmeetfrostlinerequirements:排水管道埋深及銜接DepthandConnectionofDrainagePipes污水管道的埋設(shè)深度BurialDepthofSewagePipelines對于每一個具體的設(shè)計(jì)管段，從上述三個不同的因素出發(fā)，可以得到三個不同的管底埋深或管頂覆土厚度值，這三個數(shù)值中的最大一個值就是該管段的允許最小埋設(shè)深度或最小覆土厚度。Foreachspecificdesignsegment,consideringthethreedifferentfactorsmentionedabove,threedifferentvaluesforthepipebottomburialdepthortopcoverthicknesscanbeobtained.Themaximumofthesevaluesistheallowableminimumburialdepthorminimumcoverthicknessforthatsegment.

除考慮最小埋深外，還應(yīng)考慮最大埋深：Inadditiontoconsideringtheminimumburialdepth,themaximumburialdepthshouldalsobeconsidered:在干燥土壤中，一般不超過7~8m；Indrysoil,generallynotexceeding7~8m;在多水、流砂、石灰?guī)r地層中，一般不超過5m。Inwater-rich,loosesand,orlimestonestrata,generallynotexceeding5m.排水管道埋深及銜接DepthandConnectionofDrainagePipes污水管道的銜接ConnectionofSewagePipelines（2）常用的銜接方法：水面平接、管頂平接兩種。(2)Commonconnectionmethods:watersurfacelevelconnection,andpipetoplevelconnection.（1）銜接的原則：(1)PrinciplesofConnection:盡可能地提高下游管段的高程，減小埋深，降低造價；Raisetheelevationofthedownstreamsectionasmuchaspossibletoreduceburialdepthandlowercosts;避免上游管段回水淤積。Avoidbackflowandsedimentaccumulationintheupstreamsection.（1）水面平接：是指上游管段終端與下游管段起端的水面標(biāo)高相同。(1)WaterSurfaceLevelConnection:Thismeansthatthewatersurfaceelevationattheendoftheupstreamsectionisthesameasthatatthestartofthedownstreamsection.適用于管徑相同時的銜接。Suitableforconnectionswherethepipediametersarethesame.排水管道埋深及銜接DepthandConnectionofDrainagePipes污水管道的銜接ConnectionofSewagePipelines（2）管頂平接：是指在水力計(jì)算中，使上游管段終端和下游管段起端的管頂標(biāo)高相同。采用管頂平接時，下游管段的埋深將增加。(2) PipeTopLevelConnection:Thismeansmakingthetopelevationsofthepipesattheendoftheupstreamsectionandthestartofthedownstreamsectionthesameinhydrauliccalculations.Whenusingpipetoplevelconnection,theburialdepthofthedownstreamsectionwillincrease.適用于管徑