2024-2025學(xué)年滬教牛津版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

八下語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

語(yǔ)法一：todo不定式

?MymotherandIwillcontinuetovisitVivien.

?Iwantedtohelpdisabledchildren.

?WeneedtohelpchildrenlikeTimandraisetheirspirits.

總結(jié)1：______________________________

練習(xí)：

We⑴(decide/meet)Vivientoday.We⑵

(want/help)herinsomeway.Whenwearrived,Vivienwasvery

happy.She⑶(begin/talk)tomeaboutherschool.Shesaid,"I⑷

(like/go)toschool,butIdon'thaveanyfriends.Ifeellonely."

Mumgavehersomeadvice.ThenMumaskedmetogiveVivienherpresent,butI⑸

(forget/bring)it!Viviensaid,"It'sOK.I⑹(hope/see)

youagainsoon."

?Doyouknowhowtohelpdisabledpeople?

?Iknowwheretogo.

?Shecanrememberwhattosay.

總結(jié)2：______________________________

練習(xí)：

1.Hedoesn'tknow________________(wear).

他不知道要穿什么^

2.1didn'tknow_________________(go).

我不知道去哪JlL一

3.1wanttoknow(do).

我想知道如何做的。

4.Shedoesn'tknow_______________(get)totheMuseum.

她不知道如何到達(dá)博物館?！?/p>

5.1alwayscan'tremember_________________(say).

我總是不記得要說(shuō)什么。一

?AnnietaughtTimtosingbeautifulsongs.

?Wewantthemtobehappy.

?Wetaughtthemtotellstories.

總結(jié)3：______________________________

練習(xí)：

1.Jack(want,bring)himsomecomicbooks.

杰克想讓我給他帶些漫畫(huà)書(shū)。一

2.Cathy(advise,take)ataxi.

卡西建議他們打車(chē)。

3.Mygrandpa(ask,pass)himthesalt.

爺爺讓我把鹽遞給他。

4.Mydad(tell,cook)fordinneryesterdaynight.

我爸昨晚告訴我要做飯。.

5.Mymum(remind,be)latefordinner.

媽媽提醒我晚飯不要遲到。

今1.Theteachertellsusnottobelate.

玲2.Mymumaskedmenottoopenthebox.

玲3.LilyadvisesLucynottostayuplateatnight.

動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為.

?-WhydidCindyuseabrush?

?-Cindyusedabrushtopaintapictureofapark.

?-Whydidtheygotothehospital?

?"Theywenttothehospitaltohelpthesickchildren.

總結(jié)4：____________________________________

語(yǔ)法二：動(dòng)名詞的用法

一、動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)：

Doingsportsisgoodforus.

Writingishelpfulformypassage.

Smilingandnoddingaregoodposturesforgreeting.

總結(jié)1:動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞，動(dòng)詞用。兩個(gè)或以上動(dòng)名

詞，動(dòng)詞用O

二、動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)：

總結(jié)2：三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞+v-ing;介詞+v-ing;動(dòng)詞+介詞+v-ing;

Heenjoystravelingaroundtheworld.

Istayathomeinsteadofgoingout.

Ilookforwardtoreceivinghisletter.

常用直接加ing的動(dòng)詞"

enjoy,keep,finish,practise,mind,miss,avoid,suggest,imagine,consider,deny,

admit...

常見(jiàn)的“動(dòng)詞+介詞+動(dòng)名詞”的短語(yǔ)有：

preferdoingAtodoingB比起做B來(lái)說(shuō)更喜歡做A

beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣做某事

lookforwardtodoing渴望做某事

feellikedoing想做某事

giveupdoing放棄做某事

keepondoing繼續(xù)做某事

bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事

beworthdoingsth.值得做某事

拓展與復(fù)習(xí)：下列單詞既可以接動(dòng)詞不定式也可以接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但意思相差

較大。

goontodo/doing;stoptodo/doing;forgettodo/doing;remembertodo/doing;trytodo/doing

語(yǔ)法三&四：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法

1.Thecarhitonme.fIamhitonbyacar.

2.Itakehimtothepark.-Heistakentotheparkbyme.

3.Ieattheapples.6Theapplesareeatenbyme.

總結(jié)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：____________________________________

如何將主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句？

Ieattheapples.fTheapplesareeatenbyme.

1.____________________

2.___________________

不同時(shí)態(tài)下的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

Theappleiseatenbyme.Theapplesareeatenbyme.Iamhitbyacar.

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________

Theappleisbeingeatenbyme.Theapplesarebeingeatenbyme.

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________

Theappleswillbeeatenbyme.

一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________

Theapplewaseatenbyme.Theappleswereeatenbyme.

一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________

Theapplehasbeeneatenbyme.Theappleshavebeeneatenbyme.

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________

Theapplecanbeeatenbyme.Theapplesshouldbeeatenbyme.

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：____________________________________

語(yǔ)法五：it做形式主語(yǔ)句型&enough的用法

1.ItisnoteasyformetospeakEnglish.

2.Itwaseasyforhimtorepairthecar.

總結(jié)1：_____________________________________________

1.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.

2.ItisgenerousofMiketogiveeachofustwopresents.

總結(jié)2:：_____________________________________________

1.Danieliskindenoughtohelptheoldsatalltimes.

2.Andyistallenoughtopicktheapple.

總結(jié)3：_____________________________________________

練習(xí)：

1.Itiswronghimtolaughatthelittlegirl.

A.ofB.forC.toD.with

2.Itisusefulustolearnsomecomputerskills.

A.ofB.forC.toD.with

3.Thechildistall__gettheapplesonthetable.

A.notso,thatB.too,to

C.enough,toD.not,enoughto

4.Ifsnotgoodforyousomanycomputergames.Itisawasteoftime.

A.toplayB.playC.playingD.toplaying

5.1findthiscomputergameplay.

A.enougheasytoB.easyenoughto

C.enougheasilyforD.easilyenoughfor

6.It'scleveryousomanytoyships.

A.of;makingB.of;tomakeC.for;tomakeD.for;making

7.Heisn'ttogotoschool.

A.oldenoughB.enougholdC.bigenoughD.enoughbig

8.It'sveryniceyoutogetmetwoticketstheWorldCup.

A.for;ofB.of;forC.to;forD.for;to

9.Hewasn'twithhisknife.

A.carefulenoughB.enoughcareful

C.carefullyenoughD.enoughcarefully

10.Itisnotyoutolearnthreelanguagesatthesametime.

A.difficultforB.difficulttoC.easyforD.easyof

語(yǔ)法六：it做形式主語(yǔ)句型&enough的用法

一、副詞的定義

>Hesingswell.

>Thefoodisreallygood.

>Hedidverywellintheexam.

>Luckily,hewontherace.

總結(jié)1：副詞是指在句子中表示行為或狀態(tài)特征的詞，用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、

副詞或修飾整個(gè)句子，充當(dāng)_____成分。修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常放在動(dòng)詞；修飾

形容詞或副詞，放在形容詞或副詞；修飾整個(gè)句子時(shí)，通常放在____________

二、構(gòu)成：（一般規(guī)律）

形容詞類(lèi)型構(gòu)成和陶副司的方法

quick—quickly

一般情況

?low—slowly

happy—happily

以y結(jié)尾的形容詞

busy—busily

絕大彩數(shù)以e結(jié)乂polite—politely

的形容詞wide——widely

少數(shù)以e結(jié)尾的形true—truly

客詞terrible—terribly

earlyadj.—earlyadv.

特殊情況

highadj.—highadv.

三、在英語(yǔ)中，有些詞既可以作形容詞，又可以作副詞。

如early,much,fast,late,hard,high,little,wide,loud等。

如：1.Thankyouverymuch.(adv.)。

2.Thereismuchwaterintheriver,(adj.)。

3.Sorry,Iamlateforschoolagain.(adj.)。

4.Don'tcomeherelate.(adv.)

常見(jiàn)的副詞和形容詞形式相同的單詞

單詞詞性及釋義示例

（努力的Heisahordworker.

adj.＜困難的Itisahardjob.

hard，堅(jiān)硬的Thepinenutisveryhard.

。而用力地；努力地Don'thitsohard'.

財(cái)：快的；迅速的Thisisafosttrain.

fast

adv.快地；迅速地Don'twalksofast.

。有高的Thatisahighbuilding.

high

adv.在高處Mydadwalksonthecrane,highinthesky.

0%低的TheSunwaslowinthesky.

low

adv.低,向下Theplaneisflyinglowoverthetown.

adj.長(zhǎng)的Shehaslongdarkhair.

long

adv.長(zhǎng)久地Stayaslongasyoulike.

adj.晚的?遲的Sheisfateforschooleveryday.

late

adv.遲；晚Can1stayup/atetonight?

時(shí)早的Let'smakeanearlystarttomorrow.

early

adv.早?較早1wokeupear//thismorning.

。學(xué)遠(yuǎn)1sawheronthe/orsideoftheroad.

far

adv.較遠(yuǎn)的Helookeddownatthetrafficfarbelow.

adj.身體健康的1amverywdltoday.

well

adv.好?對(duì)Thekidsallbehavedwell.

語(yǔ)法七：原因狀語(yǔ)從句的用法

一、連接詞：as/since/because/becauseof

二、原因狀語(yǔ)從句用法

1.Becausenooneelsesawthesealiens,Irefusetobelieveyou.

2.AsIlikecycling,IamgoingtoNorthCountryPark.

總結(jié)1：________________________________________

1.Sincenooneelsesawthesealiens,ourfatherrefusedtobelieveus.

2.1takeanothercupofteabecauseIdon'tlikethatone.

總結(jié)2：________________________________________

1.Theywenttotheforestbecauseoftheircuriosity.

2.Tinawokeupatmidnightbecauseofaloudnoise.

3.Shedecidedtoexploretheforestbecauseofit.

總結(jié)3：________________________________________

練習(xí)：

1.Hemadealotofmistakesintheexamhiscarelessness.

A.becauseB.asC.becauseof

2.—About379peoplediedtheearthquakeinLudian,YunnanProvince.

—Whatbadnews!

A.sinceB.becauseofC.because

3.Hedidn'tgotoworktheheavyrain.

A.becauseB.becauseofC.soD.since

4.1didn'tgotothepartynottheweatherbutIdidn'tfeelwell.

A.becauseof;becauseB.because;becauseof

C.because;becauseD.becauseof;becauseof

語(yǔ)法八：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

一、復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

Heisdoingexercisesnow.

Heisnotdoingexercisesnow.

Ishedoingexercisesnow?-Yes,heis./No,heisn't/isnot.

Whereishedoingexercisesnow?

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)肯定句：_____________________________________

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)肯定句：_____________________________________

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句&回答：_____________________________________

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句：_____________________________________

二、總結(jié)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

Hewasdoingexercisesyesterday.

Hewasnotdoingexercisesyesterday.

Washedoingexercisesyesterday?-Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't/wasnot.

Wherewashedoingexercisesyesterday?

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)肯定句：_____________________________________

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)肯定句：_____________________________________

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句&回答：_____________________________________

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句：_____________________________________

三、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：

1、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與atthattime/moment,then,

at9:00p.m.yesterday等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

2、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)的動(dòng)作，常與allday,thosedays,the

wholemoming,from7:00to9:00,yesterdayevening等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

練習(xí)：

一、選擇合適選項(xiàng)：

()1.Wetheclassroomathalfpastsevenyesterdaymorning.

A.cleanB.cleanedC.havecleanedD.werecleaning

()2.WhenIsawhim,henewspaperinhisroom.

A.readsB.readC.wasreadingD.hasread

()3.WhileIwassinging,Sally.

A.wasdancingB.dances

C.dancedD.weredancing

()4.1waswashingmyclotheswhenthetele