翻譯二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力閱讀分類模擬題154

翻譯二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力閱讀分類模擬題154ReadingComprehension

AlmosteverydaythemediadiscoversanAfricanAmericancom（江南博哥）munityfightingsomeformofenvironmentalthreatfromlandfills,garbagedumps,petrochemicalplants,refineries,busdepots,andthelistgoeson.Foryears,residentswatchedhelplesslyastheircommunitiesbecamedumpinggrounds.

Butcitizensdidn'tremainsilentforlong.Localactivistshavebeenorganizingunderthemantleofenvironmentaljusticesinceasfarbackas1968.Morethanthreedecadesago,theconceptofenvironmentaljusticehadnotregisteredontheradarscreensofmanyenvironmentalorcivilrightsgroups.Butenvironmentaljusticefitssquarelyunderthecivilrightsumbrella.ItshouldnotbeforgottenthatDr.MartinLutherKingJr.wenttoMemphisonanenvironmentalandeconomicjusticemissionin1968,seekingsupportforstrikinggarbageworkerswhowereunderpaidandwhosebasicdutiesexposedthemtoenvironmentallyhazardousconditions.

In1979,alandmarkenvironmentaldiscriminationlawsuitfiledinHouston,followedbysimilarlitigationeffortsinthe1980s,ralliedactiviststostanduptocorporationsanddemandgovernmentintervention.

In1991,anewbreedofenvironmentalactivistsgatheredinWashington,D.C.,tobringnationalattentiontopollutionproblemsthreateninglow-incomeandminoritycommunities.Leadersintroducedtheconceptofenvironmentaljustice,protestingthatBlack,poorandworking-classcommunitiesoftenreceivedlessenvironmentalprotectionthanWhiteormoreaffluentcommunities.ThefirstNationalPeopleofColorEnvironmentalLeadershipSummiteffectivelybroadenedwhat"theenvironment"wasunderstoodtomean.Itexpandedthedefinitiontoincludewherewelive,work,play,worshipandgotoschool,aswellasthephysicalandnaturalworld.Intheprocess,theenvironmentaljusticemovementchangedthewayenvironmentalismispracticedintheUnitedStatesand,ultimately,worldwide.

Becausemanyissuesidentifiedattheinauguralsummitremainunaddressed,thesecondNationalPeopleofColorEnvironmentalLeadershipSummitwasconvenedinWashington,D.C.,thispastOctober.Thesecondsummitwasplannedfor500delegates;butmorethan1,400peopleattendedthefour-daygathering.

"WearepleasedthattheSummitⅡwasabletoattractarecordnumberofgrassrootsactivists,academicians,students,researchers,planners,policyanalystsandgovernmentofficials.Weprovedtotheworldthatourmovementisaliveandwell,andgrowing,"saysBeverlyWright,chairofthesummit.ThemeetingproducedtwodozenpolicypapersthatshowpowerfulenvironmentalandhealthdisparitiesbetweenpeopleofcolorandWhites.1.

InParagraph1,theword"residents"underlinedrefersto______inparticular.A.ethnicgroupsintheU.S.B.theAmericangeneralpublicC.AfricanAmericansD.theU.S.working-class正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文中第一段的內(nèi)容“AlmosteverydaythemediadiscoversanAfricanAmericancommunityfightingsomeformofenvironmentalthreatfromlandfills,garbagedumps,petrochemicalplants,refineries,busdepots,andthelistgoeson.Foryears,residentswatchedhelplesslyastheircommunitiesbecamedumpinggrounds.”可知，第一句話中出現(xiàn)了anAfricanAmericancommunity，所以第二句中的residents應(yīng)該指AfricanAmericans，所以C項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的種族”，B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的普通大眾”，D項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的工人階級(jí)”，這三項(xiàng)在文中第一段沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)相關(guān)內(nèi)容。

2.

Theword"squarely"underlinedinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.fairlyB.preciselyC.honestlyD.well正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容“Butenvironmentaljusticefitssquarelyunderthecivilrightsumbrella”可知，但環(huán)境公正卻公平地處于民權(quán)的保護(hù)傘下。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“公平地，公正地”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“準(zhǔn)確地”，C項(xiàng)“誠(chéng)實(shí)地”，D項(xiàng)“非常好地”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

3.

Morethanthreedecadesago,environmentaljusticewas______.A.controversialamonglocalactivitiesB.firstproposedbyMartinLutherKingJr.C.fascinatingtothecivilrightsgroupsD.barelyrealizedbymanyenvironmentalists正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容“Morethanthreedecadesago,theconceptofenvironmentaljusticehadnotregisteredontheradarscreensofmanyenvironmentalorcivilfightsgroups.Butenvironmentaljusticefitssquarelyunderthecivilfightsumbrella.”可知，30多年前，環(huán)境公正卻正當(dāng)?shù)囟阍诠駲?quán)的保護(hù)傘之下。所以C項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“在當(dāng)?shù)鼗顒?dòng)中是引起爭(zhēng)議的”，B項(xiàng)“是馬丁·路德·金首先提出來(lái)的”，D項(xiàng)“幾乎不被環(huán)境保護(hù)者意識(shí)到”，這三項(xiàng)和文中內(nèi)容不符合。

4.

Theword"intervention"underlinedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.interpositionB.participationC.involvementD.management正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第三段的內(nèi)容“ralliedactiviststostanduptocorporationsanddemandgovernmentintervention”可知，積極分子對(duì)抗公司，要求政府干預(yù)。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“干預(yù)”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“參加”，C項(xiàng)“參與”，D項(xiàng)“管理”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

5.

In1968,MartinLutherKingJr.wenttoMemphistohelpthegarbageworkers______.A.getrelievedofsomeoftheirbasicdutiesB.knowwhatenvironmentaljusticewasC.fightforbetterworkingconditionsD.recognizetheirdangeroussurroundings正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容“Dr.MartinLutherKingJr.wenttoMemphisonanenvironmentalandeconomicjusticemissionin1968,seekingsupportforstrikinggarbageworkerswhowereunderpaidandwhosebasicdutiesexposedthemtoenvironmentallyhazardousconditions.”可知，馬丁·路德·金博士前往孟斐斯是為了給工人爭(zhēng)取更高的工資和好的工作環(huán)境，所以C項(xiàng)“力爭(zhēng)好的工作條件”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“減輕一些他們的基本工作”，B項(xiàng)“幫助工人了解環(huán)境公平是什么”，D項(xiàng)“幫助他們認(rèn)識(shí)到他們危險(xiǎn)的處境”，這三項(xiàng)和文意不符合。

6.

Theword"protesting"underlinedinParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto______.A.combatB.confirmC.considerD.affirm正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第四段的內(nèi)容“protestingthatBlack,poorandworking-classcommunitiesoftenreceivedlessenvironmentalprotectionthanWhiteormoreaffluentcommunities”可知，抗議黑人，窮人和工薪階層受到的環(huán)境保護(hù)比白人或富人少很多。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“抗議，反對(duì)”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“確認(rèn)”，C項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為”，D項(xiàng)“斷言”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

7.

Paragraph3impliesthat,in1979,______.A.theenvironmentaljusticeissueswerefirstbroughttocourtinHoustonB.environmentalactivistscooperatedindefyingtheU.S.governmentC.thegovernmentinterventionhelpedpromoteenvironmentaljusticeD.environmentalproblemsattractedtheattentionofthegovernment正確答案：D[解析]根據(jù)文中第三段的內(nèi)容“In1979,alandmarkenvironmentaldiscriminationlawsuitfiledinHouston,followedbysimilarlitigationeffortsinthe1980s,ralliedactiviststostanduptocorporationsanddemandgovernmentintervention.”可知，環(huán)境公平問(wèn)題需要政府的干預(yù)，所以D項(xiàng)“環(huán)境問(wèn)題引起了政府的關(guān)注”符合文意。A項(xiàng)“環(huán)境公平問(wèn)題在休斯敦第一次被訴諸法律”，文中說(shuō)這是一個(gè)里程碑，但是沒(méi)有說(shuō)是第一次；B項(xiàng)“環(huán)境活動(dòng)家合作一起對(duì)抗美國(guó)政府”，文中說(shuō)的是與公司對(duì)抗，不是對(duì)抗政府；C項(xiàng)“政府的干預(yù)幫助促進(jìn)了環(huán)境公平”，政府干預(yù)起到的效果文中沒(méi)有提到，所以這三項(xiàng)都不符合題意。

8.

Theword"grassroot"underlinedinParagraph6refersto______.A.basiclevelB.middleclassC.peasantD.worker正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第六段的內(nèi)容“attractarecordnumberofgrassrootsactivists,academicians,students，”可知，吸引大量的草根積極分子，博士，學(xué)生等。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“底層人員”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)”，C項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民”，D項(xiàng)“工人”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

9.

Thenewbreedofenvironmentalactivistsdifferedfromthepreviousactivistsinthat______.A.theynoticedenvironmentaldisparitiesbetweentherichandthepoorB.theycriedforgovernmentinterventioninsavingtheenvironmentC.theyknewwhat"theenvironment"reallymeanttotheWhitepeopleD.theypracticedenvironmentalismoutsideaswellaswithintheU.S.正確答案：D[解析]根據(jù)文中第四段的內(nèi)容“Intheprocess,theenvironmentaljusticemovementchangedthewayenvironmentalismispracticedintheUnitedStatesand,ultimately,worldwide.”可知，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，環(huán)境保護(hù)運(yùn)動(dòng)在全世界范圍展開，而不是局限在美國(guó)。所以D項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“他們注重窮人和富人之間環(huán)境差別”，B項(xiàng)“他們懇求政府干預(yù)，拯救環(huán)境”，C項(xiàng)“他們知道環(huán)境對(duì)白人真正意味著什么”，這三項(xiàng)都不符合題意。

10.

Withrespecttogettingenvironmentaljustice,SummitⅡwasaimedfor______.A.showingtheachievedsuccessB.attractingnationalattentionC.identifyingrelevantissuesD.findingsolutionstotheproblems正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文中第五段的內(nèi)容“Becausemanyissuesidentifiedattheinauguralsummitremainunaddressed,thesecondNationalPeopleofColorEnvironmentalLeadershipSummitwasconvenedinWashington,D.C.,thispastOctober.”可知，第一次會(huì)議確認(rèn)的很多問(wèn)題沒(méi)有被公布，所以，第二次會(huì)議召開了。所以C項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“展示所取得的成就”，B項(xiàng)“吸引國(guó)家的注意”，D項(xiàng)“找到解決問(wèn)題的方法”，這三項(xiàng)在文中沒(méi)有涉及相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。

Theeraofdividedgovernmentbegins,inauspiciously.Willthepresidentbeabletoseethewoodforthesubpoenas?IsuspectthathoweverloyalcongressionalRepublicansappearinpublic,privatelytheyarewearyofMr.Trump'sintemperanceandunpredictability,andmaypressurehimastheshutdowndragson.

SomearguethatwhatMr.Trumpreallywantsisnotthewall,butthefightoverthewall.Afterall,ifhereallywantedhis$5bnhecouldnegotiateadealwithDemocratstogetit—perhapsbyagreeingtoprovidedreamers(undocumentedimmigrantsbroughttoAmericaaschildren)apathtocitizenship.Buthisbaseprizeshispugnacityaboveanyrealisticallyattainableconcreteachievement,andheseesattackingDemocratsasweakoncrimeandimmigrationasabetterstrategythancompromise.

"Wehavetheissue,BorderSecurity,"hecrowedonTwitter,twodaysafterChristmas.Hebelieves,notwithoutreason,thathishawkishviewsonimmigrationwonhimthepresidencyin2016,andremainhisstrongestsuit.Butthattheorywastestedin2018,whenRepublicancongressionalcandidatesaroundthecountryendedtheircampaignsbystokingfearsof,inMr.Trump'swords,"deathanddestructioncausedbypeoplewhoshouldn'tbehere."Leavingasidethefactthatimmigrantscommitcrimesatlowerratesthanthenative-born,thattacticfailed.Republicanslostmoreseatsinlastyear'smid-termsthaninanyelectionsinceWatergate.NowMs.PelosiisonceagainHouseSpeaker,andDemocratsarecommitteechairmenwithsubpoenapower.

Howtheywillusethatpowerwillquicklybecomeclear.Theyhavespentmonthspreparing.MattBennettofThirdWay,acentristDemocraticthink-tank,believesthecommitteeswill"firesubpoenaslikemachineguns...Therewillbefull-blowninvestigationsbythemiddleofJanuary."

ElijahCummings,theincomingchairoftheHouseOversightCommittee,hasalreadyrequestedinformationabout,amongotherthings,theuseofpersonalemailforgovernmentworkandpaymentstotheTrumpOrganisation.JerryNadler,whowillchairtheHouseJudiciaryCommittee,planstoholdhearingsontheadministration'sfamily-separationpolicyandRussianinterferencein2016.AdamSchiff,whowillheadtheHouseIntelligenceCommittee,wantstoinvestigateMr.Trump'sbusinessinterests.RichardNeal,whowillruntheHouseWaysandMeansCommittee,planstocompelthereleaseofMr.Trump'staxreturns.

Mr.Trump'sapprovalratingsremainstuckaround40%;unlikemostpresidents,hehasbarelytriedtoexpandhisappeal.Meanwhile,RobertMueller'sinvestigationisgrindinginexorablyforward.Thepresidentcannotaffordtolosehischeerleaders'supportnow,whichmayexplainhisrefusaltonegotiateoverthewall.Butthatneednotmeanpermanentgridlock.OnecanimagineDemocratsagreeingtomodestlyincreaseborder-securityfundingbeyond$1.6bn—enoughtoletMr.Trumpsaveface,claimvictoryandreopengovernment.Beyondthat,thepartiescouldspendthenexttwoyearsbattlingoverimmigrationwhilefindingcommongroundwheretheycan—oninfrastructure,forinstance,orprescription-drugpricing.

ForMr.Trump,personalrelationshipscansupersedepartisanpolicydisagreements.HeseemsgenuinelytorespectMs.Pelosi'stoughnessandaccomplishment.Healsoappearsfondofthecut-and-thrustwithMr.Schumer,afellowouter-boroughNewYorker.Buthispersonalisationofpoliticscutstheotherwaytoo.BillClintonwasabletoshrugoffRepublicaneffortstoimpeachhimasjustbusiness,whilekeepingfocusedonpolicygoals.Mr.Trump,afamouscounter-puncher,hasshownnosuchabilitytocompartmentalise.

(選自《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》2019年1月5日)11.

Fromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat______.A.Mr.TrumpbelongstotheRepublicanPartyB.Mr.TrumpbelongstotheDemocraticPartyC.Mr.TrumpdragsontheshutdownD.Mr.TrumpmaypressuretheRepublicans正確答案：A[解析]推斷題。第1段第3句提到：無(wú)論共和黨人在公開場(chǎng)合表現(xiàn)得對(duì)他如何忠誠(chéng)。這說(shuō)明總統(tǒng)也是同一黨派的人，因?yàn)樵诿绹?guó)敵對(duì)黨派往往會(huì)互相攻擊，故正確答案為A。

12.

AccordingtoParagraph2,theDemocrats______.A.objectedtothefightoverthewallB.supportedthefundforthewallC.agreedtograntdreamerscitizenshipD.refusedtonegotiateadealwithMr.Trump正確答案：C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位第2段第2句，可知總統(tǒng)可以通過(guò)同意給予夢(mèng)想來(lái)到美國(guó)的移民公民身份而與民主黨達(dá)成協(xié)議，因此這正是民主黨希望的，故正確答案為C。

13.

Theword"pugnacity"underlinedinParagraph2mostprobablymeans______.A.tenacityB.aggressivenessC.willingnessD.arrogance正確答案：B[解析]語(yǔ)義題。pugnacity意為“好斗，好戰(zhàn)”，故正確答案為B(進(jìn)攻性，挑釁)。

14.

Mr.Trumpbelievesthat______.A.immigrantscausedeathanddestructionintheUnitedStatesB.DemocratstakecompromiseasabetterstrategyC.immigrantscommitcrimesatlowerratesthanthenative-bornD.hewonthepresidencynotwithoutreason正確答案：A[解析]推斷題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)定位第3段，仔細(xì)比對(duì)后可知A與原文符合(移民會(huì)給美國(guó)造成破壞和死亡)，這也正是總統(tǒng)提出修筑隔離墻的理由，故正確答案為A。

15.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofMs.Pelosi?______A.ShewasonceHouseSpeaker.B.Sheisatoughwoman.C.SheisamemberoftheRepublicanParty.D.Sheisawomanofgreatsuccess.正確答案：C[解析]推斷題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)定位第4段和第7段，對(duì)比原文后可知，C與原文不符，因?yàn)榈?段提到總統(tǒng)將私人關(guān)系看得比黨派政見分歧更重，而他很尊重Ms.Pelosi，說(shuō)明后者與總統(tǒng)不是同一黨派，故正確答案為C。

16.

AccordingtoParagraph5,RichardNealwillforceMr.Trumpto______.A.returnhistaxesB.showhistaxreturnsC.gethistaxreturnsD.giveuphisreturntaxes正確答案：B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位第5段最后一句，此處release為“發(fā)布，公布”之意，故正確答案為B。

17.

Theword"gridlock"underlinedinParagraph6mostprobablymeans______.A.gratificationB.congestionC.impasseD.perplexity正確答案：C[解析]語(yǔ)義題。gridlock意為“僵局”，故正確答案為C(僵局)。

18.

TheauthorseemstobelieveitpossibleforthetwopartiestoreachagreementsonallthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.infrastructureB.prescription-drugpricingC.reopeninggovernmentD.immigration正確答案：D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位第6段第6句，結(jié)合第5句可知，作者認(rèn)為只要民主黨在修筑隔離墻的費(fèi)用上稍作讓步，總統(tǒng)即可接受，這樣既保留了臉面，又可重啟政府。而在今后兩年，兩黨可以繼續(xù)在移民問(wèn)題上作斗爭(zhēng)，同時(shí)在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、處方藥定價(jià)等問(wèn)題上達(dá)成共識(shí)。故正確答案為D，移民問(wèn)題上暫時(shí)難以達(dá)成一致。

19.

Intheauthor'sopinion,BillClinton'sadvantagewashisabilityto______.A.keepfocusedonpolicygoalsB.shrugoffRepublicaneffortstoimpeachhimC.keepthingsapartD.takepoliticspersonal正確答案：C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位最后一段第5句，克林頓能夠?qū)⒐埠忘h對(duì)他的彈劾看作僅僅是例行公事，但同時(shí)又致力于實(shí)現(xiàn)政策目標(biāo)，即作者認(rèn)為克林頓能夠?qū)⑹聞?wù)區(qū)別對(duì)待，這一點(diǎn)要?jiǎng)龠^(guò)特朗普，故正確答案為C。

20.

Theauthor'sattitudetowardMr.Trumpisoneof______.A.indifferenceB.disappointmentC.supportD.optimism正確答案：B[解析]態(tài)度題。最后一段作者將特朗普總統(tǒng)與前總統(tǒng)比爾·克林頓做了比較，認(rèn)為后者能以大局為重，而前者擅長(zhǎng)以牙還牙，特朗普在大局觀上不如克林頓，故正確答案為B(失望)。

Zimbabwe'sbankingsectorhasbeenhitwithmassivewithdrawalsbyrisk-loathingdepositorsoverthepastfivemonths,withbankingsectorsourcesindicatingthatreportsofareturnofthedomesticcurrencyhavefurtherunsettledbankcustomers.TheZimbabwedollarwasbanishedfromcirculationin2009tostemahyperinflationarycrisisthatplungedtheeconomyintoanunprecedentedcatastrophecharacterizedbycommodityshortages.

AsourcefromonetopbanksaidsinceDecemberlastyear,mostbusinesseshavebeentransactingincashandavoidingthebankingsector.Hesaidthisislikelytohaveresultedinanoverallshrinkageindepositlevelswithinthebankingsector."IhavenotnoticedanypanicwithdrawalsasaresultofreportsofaZimbabwedollarreturn,butsinceDecember,manypeoplehavebeenpreferringcashtransactionsandavoidingbanks,"saidthesource.

TotalbankingsectordepositsamountedtoUS$473billionasatDecember31,2013,accordingtolateststatisticsfromtheReserveBankofZimbabwe(RBZ).ThiswasanincreasefromdepositlevelsofUS$384billioninJune2013.Depositshavesincetheadoptionofahardcurrencyeconomygrownslowlyduetoacombinationoffactors.Thesefactorsincludelowdepositratesbeingofferedbybanks,whichtheRBZsayshaveconspiredwithhighbankchargestomilitateagainsteffortsgearedatbroadeningthecountry'sdepositbase.

Anaccelerationofdepositwithdrawalsislikelytoworsenaliquiditycrunchinacountrydesperateforcashtoreviveaneconomybackinintensivecareafterstabilisingbrieflywhengovernmentadoptedahardcurrencyregime.Anotherbankingsectorsourcesaidliquidityinthebankingsectorwas"graduallythinning."HesuggestedthatthiscouldhavesomethingtodowithreportsoftheZimbabwedollar'sresurgence.

PanicoverthecomebackoftheZimbabwedollarwouldberegardlessofassurancesfromgovernmentthatitwouldnotbringbackthelocalcurrencyintocirculationsoon,despitealiquiditycrunchcertaintoimpedegovernmentbusinessunlessarescuepackageissecured.Anotherbankingsectorsourcesaiddepositswereplummetingduetosignificantwithdrawallevelsbythecorporatesector.21.

After2009,thedomesticcurrencyinZimbabwehas______.A.appreciatedB.depreciatedC.beendumpedD.beenintroduced正確答案：C

22.

ThedepositruninZimbabweisassociatedwith______.A.depositors'speculationonthepossiblebankruptcyofthelocalbanksB.depositors'speculationonthepossiblereturnofthelocalcurrencyC.depositors'fearofahyperinflationarycrisisD.depositors'fearofcommodityshortages正確答案：B

23.

Accordingtoasourcefromonetopbank,people'spreferenceforcashtransactionsmayhaveledto______.A.thedeclineintotalbankdepositsB.themassivewithdrawalsfromZimbabwebanksC.theadoptionofamulti-currencyregimeD.theadoptionofahardcurrencyeconomy正確答案：A

24.

Zimbabwebankssaw______indepositsinthelatterhalfof2013.A.significantgrowthB.slowgrowthC.significantdeclineD.slowdecline正確答案：B

25.

Thephrase"militateagainst"underlinedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.ameliorateB.deteriorateC.launchanattackagainstD.conflictwith正確答案：D

26.

Thepossibleconsequencesofadepositruncouldbe______.A.ahighinterestrateB.highbankchargesC.thecountry'sbroadeningdepositbaseD.ashortsupplyofcashresources正確答案：D

27.

Accordingtothepassage,thegovernmentofZimbabwe______.A.iscontemplatingtobringbacktheZimbabwedollarintotheeconomyB.pledgedtosticktothecurrenthardcurrencyregimeC.pledgedtoprotectgovernmentbusinessD.pledgedtolauncharescuepackage正確答案：B

28.

Thephrase"impede"underlinedinParagraph5mostprobablymeans______.A.hinderB.impactC.cooldownD.slowdown正確答案：A

29.

Thepassageindicatesthat______contributedthemosttothedramaticdropindeposits.A.individualsB.businessesC.thegovernmentD.thebanks正確答案：B

30.

WhichofthefollowingstatementCANNOTbeinferredfromthepassage?______A.Localcurrencywasrenderedworthlessbyhyper-inflationin2009.B.Theintroductionofthehardcurrencysystemin2009gaveZimbabweashortperiodofeconomicstability.C.Somedepositorswithdrewtheirmoneyduetotheterminationofthehardcurrencyregime.D.Thedeclineindepositsislikelytobetemporaryifauthoritiesprovidecredibleguaranteesofthecontinuedexistenceofthehardcurrencyregime正確答案：C

OntheInternet,adsarearealproblem.They'reaproblemforus,thepeople,andnotjustbecausetheyclutterupourWebpages,theyalsocostusmoney(inmobiledatacharges),batterylifeandtime.

Surprisingly,they'realsoaproblemforadvertisersandwebsites.Suddenlythepopularityofad-blockingsoftwarehasreachedatippingpoint.AccordingtoastudybyAdobeandPageFair(whichoffersanti-ad-blockingservices),41percentofadultsyoungerthan30usetheseblockers.Overall,ad-blockerinstallationsareup48percentinayear—andthatwasbeforeApplebeganapprovingad-blockingappsfortheiPhoneandiPadlastSeptember,markingadblockinghascometothemobileworldforthefirsttimeinahugeway.

Thethingis,mostofthosefreearticles,videosandservicesyouenjoyarebroughttoyoubytheadvertising.Ifyou'renotseeingtheads,thenthecentralfinancialtransactionoftheonlinecontenteconomycollapses.Whatthen?

Somewebsitesappealtovisitorsdirectly,askingyoutoviewtheads.LastsummerWired.com'shomepagesaid,"Pleasedousafavoranddisableyouradblocker."Othersitessimplyturnyouawayifyouhaveanadblockerinstalled.ThesitesforleadingUKbroadcastersChannel4andITVpresentadarkscreen.

Enterad-blocker-blockingtechnology—Websoftwarethattriestofooltheadblockerssothattheadsappeardespiteyourblocker.Somecompaniesthatoperateadblockersevenacceptmoneyfromlargeadvertisers,althoughtheydenygivingadsfromthosecompanies'specialtreatment.

Butthesetacticstreatthepublicastheenemy.Theycreateatechnologyarmsrace."Youwillseeourads,likeitornot!"

Advertisingexecutivesmaytellyouthatonesolutionmaybenativeadvertising:adsdressedupasarticles.They'redisplayedasactualstoriesorvideosratherthansplashyads,sotheypassthroughadblockers.Thesecanleadtosomemurkyterritory,however,blurringthelinebetweentraditionalcontentandcontentaimingtosellyousomething.

Sotechutopianslikemewonderwhytheanswerisn'tmicropayments.Youknow,insteadoflookingatads,you'reautomaticallybilledafewcentsforeacharticleyoureadorvideoyouwatch.Unfortunately,inthelate1990sandearly2000sabunchofcompaniestriedtoinventmicropaymentsystems;allofthemfailed.

Tofindoutwhy,ItrackeddowntheCEOsofsomeofthestartupswhohaveallmovedontootherendeavors."Micropaymentssoundgreatonpaper,"formerBitPassCEODouglasKnoppertoldme."Butinpractice,theyrequirefourthingsfortheconsumerthatarehardtopulloff:simplicity,ubiquity,security—andithastobefree.Theeconomicstotheretailerdon'twork,becausetherearetoomanymiddlemen—creditcardprocessors,etc.Sountilsomeonefiguresouthowtocrackthecode...micropaymentsaren'tgoingtogetanytraction."

Thetimingwaswrong,too.CharlesCohen,founderoffailedmicropaymentcompanyBeenz,toldmethattheseeffortsmostlydied"becausethedot-cornbubbleburst,andmostofthecompanieswhowereacceptingandissuingourmicrocurrencywentupinapuffofsmoke."

Somicropaymentsmayfaceanuphillbattle,buttherearen'tanyscreaminglyobviousreasonswhytheycouldn'tworknow.ItseemsWebcompanieswouldbehappytogetoutofthead-blockingarmsrace,whileWebusers,well,wewouldn'tmindpayingafewcentshereandtheretoneverencounteranotherintrusivebanneradorslow-to-loadvideoad.31.

Onlineadsareanuisanceforpeoplebecause______.A.websitesarefullofadsB.loadingadstakestimeC.theypaymoneyformakingadsD.adsslowdownnetworkspeed正確答案：B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。第1段第2句指出，網(wǎng)上廣告讓我們困擾的原因有四點(diǎn)，一方面廣告會(huì)把網(wǎng)頁(yè)弄得亂七八糟，另一方面加載廣告會(huì)因消耗移動(dòng)流量而費(fèi)錢(costourmoney)，損耗電池壽命(batterylife)而且浪費(fèi)我們的時(shí)間(time)。故選B(加載廣告消耗時(shí)間)。注意選項(xiàng)A與文中提及的clutterupourWebpages表述相似，容易誤選。應(yīng)辨析兩種表達(dá)的差異。根據(jù)詞典的釋義：befullof意為“containingasmuchorasmanythingsorpeopleaspossible,sothereisnospaceleft”。據(jù)此可知，A更強(qiáng)調(diào)網(wǎng)頁(yè)被廣告充滿了，已經(jīng)沒(méi)有空間展示其他內(nèi)容。clutterup意為“tocoverorfillaspaceorroomwithtoomanythings,sothatitlooksveryuntidy”。強(qiáng)調(diào)堆得亂七八糟，讓網(wǎng)頁(yè)頁(yè)面顯得很不整潔。言下之意，廣告影響了網(wǎng)頁(yè)的視覺(jué)效果，但沒(méi)有影響網(wǎng)頁(yè)的內(nèi)容呈現(xiàn)。因此排除選項(xiàng)A。選項(xiàng)C試圖用paymoneyfor...吸引考生視線，與后文作者倡議的付費(fèi)消除廣告混淆。

32.

WecanlearnfromParagraph2that______.A.advertisersareagainstad-blockersB.mostadultsutilizead-blockersC.ad-blockersarewelcomedbycompaniesD.therateofinstallingad-blockersisrising正確答案：D[解析]推斷題。第2段第4句明確指出廣告攔截軟件的安裝總量在一年中己然增長(zhǎng)了48%。故選D(廣告攔截軟件的安裝率在上升)。41%的30歲以下的成年人使用這些攔截軟件，并不是大部分的成年人，故排除B。

33.

Blockingonlineadswillhaveaneffecton______.A.theavailabilityoffreeservicesB.theeconomyofthecountryC.thetransactionofbusinessesD.theinstallationofapps正確答案：C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。第3段第1句提到廣告