2024-2025學年廣東省汕尾市四校聯(lián)考高三上學期10月考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省汕尾市四校聯(lián)考2024-2025學年高三上學期10月考試英語試題第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheStudentPhotographicCompetitionThe2024competitionisopentostudentsattendingAustralianprimaryorsecondaryschoolsorcolleges.ItprovidesanexcellentopportunityforstudentstobecomeawareofthevalueandbeautyoftheAustralianNationalBotanicGardens(ANBG).Byexercisingtheirphotographicskills,studentscansharethatbeautywithothervisitors.AllentriesmustbedigitalphotographstakenintheANBGbetween30August2023and30August2024,featuringsomeaspectoftheGardenssuchasplants,wildlifeorscenery.Forfullinformationaboutthecompetitionanditsconditionsandcategories,downloadtheinformationsheetsforsecondaryschools&collegesandforprimaryschools.Enteronlineatwww..au/schoolscomp2024.Entriesmustbereceivedbytheorganisersbefore5pmonFriday30August2024.Toavoiddelaysandcongestion(擁塞),submityourentryasearlyaspossible.Downloadthecompetitionposterandshareitwithyourotherfriendsandnetworks.Thisposterfeaturesprize-winningphotographsfrompreviousyears’competitions.Cashprizeswillbeawarded:AwardtostudentAwardtoschoolorcollegeFirstPrize$250$200SecondPrize$150$100ThirdPrize//Certificateswillalsobepresentedtoallwinners.Prizewinners’schoolswillbeawardedcelebratorynativeplants,too.Prize-winningentrieswillbeondisplayintheBanksiaGardenoftheANBGfromSaturday28SeptembertoSunday27October2024.TheselectedphotographswillbeexhibitedatA3size.Presentationofprizeswillbeat12noon,Saturday28September2024.For’furtherinformationpleaseemail:schoolphoto@.au1.Whatisthepurposeofthecompetition?A.ToraisemoneyfortheANBG.B.Toofferphotographictraining.C.Toattractprofessionalphotographers.D.ToenhanceappreciationoftheANBG.2.Whatisarequirementfortheentries?A.TheymustbeshotintheANBG.B.TheyshouldbeprintedatA3size.C.Theyshouldbesubmittedbypostalmail.D.Theymustbetakenbefore30August,2024.3.Whatwilleachprizewinnerget?A.Somecash. B.Acertificate.C.Somenativeplants. D.Acompetitionposter.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞舉辦的學生攝影比賽相關(guān)信息，包括參賽對象、參賽作品要求、比賽獎項設置等。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“The2024competitionisopentostudentsattendingAustralianprimaryorsecondaryschoolsorcolleges.

ItprovidesanexcellentopportunityforstudentstobecomeawareofthevalueandbeautyoftheAustralianNationalBotanicGardens(ANBG).Byexercisingtheirphotographicskills,studentscansharethatbeautywithothervisitors.(2024年的比賽面向澳大利亞中小學或大學的學生開放。它為學生提供了一個絕佳的機會，讓他們了解澳大利亞國家植物園(ANBG)的價值和美麗。通過鍛煉他們的攝影技巧，學生可以與其他游客分享這種美。)”可知，比賽為學生提供了一個了解澳大利亞國家植物園價值和美景的絕佳機會，通過運用攝影技巧，學生可以與其他游客分享這種美，所以比賽的目的是增強人們對澳大利亞國家植物園的欣賞。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AllentriesmustbedigitalphotographstakenintheANBGbetween30August2023and30August2024(所有參賽作品必須是2023年8月30日至2024年8月30日期間在澳大利亞國家植物園拍攝的數(shù)碼照片)”可知，所有參賽作品必須是在澳大利亞國家植物園拍攝的數(shù)碼照片。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Certificateswillalsobepresentedtoallwinners.(得獎者亦會獲頒發(fā)證書)”可知，每個獲獎者都會獲得一張證書。故選B。BAfrica-bound!Andonlysevenhoursleftofa19-hourflightbeforeIwouldarriveinSouthAfricaformythirdvolunteertripinthreeyears.Butthistimeitwasdifferent.I’dbetherealoneforawholeyear,withoutfriendsorfamily.Plus,IhadonechallengeothervolunteersfightingAIDSinAfricadidn’thave—Iwasinawheelchair.Ateightyearsold,Iwasparalyzed(癱瘓的)fromthewaistdowninacaraccident.Ispentmonthsinahospital,learninghowtouseawheelchair,howtogetupfromthefloorandhowtodressmyself.Basicallyhowtolivemylifeasindependentlyaspossible.Aftergraduationfromcollege,Imadeayear-longcommitmenttoLilyoftheValleyChildren’sVillage,outsideMophela,SouthAfrica,where90percentofthechildrenareinfectedwithHIV.Iwouldseetothekids’medicalneedsandteachmathandEnglish.Thosefirstfewweekswerehard,harderthananythingIhaddonebefore.Iforcedmyselftokeeptrying.Ineededtoprovemyself.ButhowcouldItellifIwasdoinganygood?Onenight,abigstormhit.Irolledoutofmycottagethenextmorningandmychairlurched(突然傾斜),thewheelssinkingintomud.Igraspedthewheelstightandpushedhard.Thechairwouldn’tmove.Allofmyworstworriesseemedtobecomingtrue.Iwasstuck,hopelesslystuck.Outofthecornerofmyeye,Isawchildrenrunningtowardme.Twooftheoldestgrabbedthehandlebarsandtheotherspushedmeforward.Thewheelscamefree.Thekidsshoutedwithdelight.WhenIsaid“Thankyou!”,theylaughed,“Youhelpus.Wehelpyou.”Thatechoedinmyearsallday.Thenextmorning,thekidswerewaitingtopushmethroughthemudtohomeworkclub.Andthedayafterthat,itbecameourlittleroutine.Themoretheyhelpedme,theeasieritgottohelpthem.ThekidsandIbonded.Iwasn’taloneduringmyyearinAfrica.Notatall.IhadreachedouttothepeopleIwasassisting,andthey,inturn,becamemysupport.Iwasaware,morethanever,thatanyone,eveninawheelchair,canmakeadifference.4.Whatwastheauthor’suniquechallengeduringthisvolunteerexperience?A.Overcomingphysicallimitations.B.Adaptingtoanewculturalenvironment.C.Managingalong-termsolocommitment.D.Dealingwiththeharshweatherconditions.5.HowdidtheauthorfeelinthefirstfewweeksinSouthAfrica?A.Disappointedandwantingtogiveup.B.Satisfiedwiththeprogressmade.C.Uncertainabouttheeffectivenessofhishelp.D.Frustratedbythechildren’slackofcooperation.6.Whatwastheturningpointintheauthor’srelationshipwiththechildren?A.Thechildren’svoluntaryassistance.B.Theauthor’sinitialarrivalinthevillage.C.Theauthor’sfirstteachingsession.D.Theauthor’sstrugglewiththewheelchair.7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thestruggleofadaptingtoanewenvironment.B.Thetransformativepowerofmutualsupport.C.Thechallengesoflivingwithaphysicaldisability.D.Theimpactofeducationonunderprivilegedchildren.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是作者雖然身有殘疾，需要坐輪椅，但是在南非的志愿服務中通過與孩子們的互助，實現(xiàn)了自我價值并深刻體會到了人與人之間相互支持的力量。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Plus,IhadonechallengeothervolunteersfightingAIDSinAfricadidn’thave—Iwasinawheelchair.(此外，我還有一個其他在非洲抗擊艾滋病的志愿者沒有的挑戰(zhàn)——我坐在輪椅上)”可知，作者在南非的志愿者經(jīng)歷中，特殊的挑戰(zhàn)是他的身體殘疾，這與其他人相比是一個額外的障礙。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thosefirstfewweekswerehard,harderthananythingIhaddonebefore.Iforcedmyselftokeeptrying.Ineededtoprovemyself.ButhowcouldItellifIwasdoinganygood?(最初的幾個星期非常艱難，比我以前做過的任何事情都要艱難。我強迫自己繼續(xù)嘗試。我需要證明自己。但我怎么知道自己做得好不好呢？)”可知，作者在南非的最初幾周非常艱難，他強迫自己繼續(xù)試，并且想知道自己是否真的做得好，這表明他不確定自己的幫助是否有效果。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Outofthecornerofmyeye,Isawchildrenrunningtowardme.Twooftheoldestgrabbedthehandlebarsandtheotherspushedmeforward.(我從眼角看到孩子們向我跑來。兩個年紀最大的抓住車把，其他人推著我往前走)”，可知，孩子們自發(fā)的幫助是作者與南非孩子們關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)變的關(guān)鍵時刻。作者的輪椅陷入泥潭，孩子們跑來幫助他時，他們之間的關(guān)系開始有了質(zhì)的變化。孩子們的行動不僅幫助作者擺脫了困境，也象征著他們之間互助的開始。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Themoretheyhelpedme,theeasieritgottohelpthem.ThekidsandIbonded.Iwasn’taloneduringmyyearinAfrica.Notatall.IhadreachedouttothepeopleIwasassisting,andthey,inturn,becamemysupport.Iwasaware,morethanever,thatanyone,eveninawheelchair,canmakeadifference.(他們幫我越多，我就越容易幫到他們。孩子們和我很親密。我在非洲的那一年并不孤單。一點也不。我主動聯(lián)系了我正在幫助的人，而他們反過來又成為了我的支持。我比以往任何時候都更加意識到，任何人，即使是坐在輪椅上，都可以帶來改變)”可知，這篇文章的中心主題是互助的變革力量。作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷展示了即使在面臨身體障礙和孤立無援的情況下，通過與他人的相互支持，也能實現(xiàn)個人成長和共同發(fā)展。故選B。CImagineachildaskingachatbotorvoiceassistantifSantaClausisreal.HowshouldtheAIrespond,giventhatsomefamilieswouldpreferalieoverthetruth?Thisisadilemmainthelittle-studiedareaofrobotsdeception(欺騙).TwoGeorgiaTechresearchers,KantwonRogersandReidenWebber,designedadrivingsimulation(模擬)experimenttoinvestigatehowintentionalrobotdeceptionaffectstrustbetweenhumansandAI,andwhetherdifferenttypesofapologiescanhelprepairthattrust.Inthesimulation,participantswereinstructedtodrivea“robot-assistedcar”tothehospitaltosaveafriend’slife,whiletheAIassistantfalselywarnedofpoliceahead,advisingparticipantstostayunderthespeedlimit.Uponreachingthehospital,participantswereinformedthattherewerenopolice,andtheyreceivedoneoffivedifferenttext-basedresponsesfromtherobot—threeadmittingthelie,twoofferingasimpleapologywithoutadmission.Thestudyaimedtodeterminewhichtypeofapologywasmosteffectiveinrepairingtrustafterarobot’slie.Theresultsoftheexperimentweresurprising.45%oftheparticipantsdidnotspeed,becausetheybelievedtherobotknewmoreaboutthesituationthantheydid,revealinganoverlytrustingattitudetowardAI.Theresultsalsoindicatedthatwhilenoneoftheapologytypesfullyrecoveredtrust,theapologywithnoadmissionoflyingwasstatisticallymoreeffectiveinrepairingtrustthanotherresponses.Theresearchers’finalgoalistocreatearobotsystemthatcanlearnwhenandhowtolieorapologizeduringhuman-AIinteractions.Buttheyacknowledgethatthisisacomplexissue.“WestillknowverylittleaboutAldeception,butwedoknowthatlyingisnotalwaysbad,andtellingthetruthisn’talwaysgood,”Rogerssaid.“Sohowcanwemakelawsthatsupportnewideaswithoutharmingthem,whilealsokeepingpeoplesafe?”8.Whatistheaimoftheexperiment?A.ToevaluateAI’sassistanceondriving.B.ToexamineAI’slearningcapabilities.C.ToassessAI’sintentionalresponses.D.TostudyAIdeception’simpactontrust.9.WhichresponsefromAIisthemosteffectiveinrepairingtrustintheexperiment?A.“Iamsorry.” B.“Forgivemeformyfault.”C.“Iliedtoyou.” D.“You’reatyourdestination.”10.WhatmightRogersadviseAIlawmakerstodo?A.Balanceinnovationandusers’safety.B.Enforceclearerandstricterregulations.C.Prioritizeprotectionofusers’privacy.D.PromotemoralbehaviorinAIsystems.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Isarobotsystempromising? B.Thehuman-AIconfidencecrisis.C.Adilemmainhumanhonesty. D.AIdeception:badornot?【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了兩項關(guān)于人工智能欺騙的研究，以及研究人員對人工智能立法者的建議?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TwoGeorgiaTechresearchers,KantwonRogersandReidenWebber,designedadrivingsimulation(模擬)experimenttoinvestigatehowintentionalrobotdeceptionaffectstrustbetweenhumansandAI,andwhetherdifferenttypesofapologiescanhelprepairthattrust.(佐治亞理工學院的兩位研究人員KantwonRogers和ReidenWebber設計了一個駕駛模擬實驗，以研究有意為之的機器人欺騙如何影響人與AI之間的信任，以及不同類型的道歉是否有助于修復這種信任)”可知，實驗的目的是研究人工智能欺騙對信任的影響。故選D項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Uponreachingthehospital,participantswereinformedthattherewerenopolice,andtheyreceivedoneoffivedifferenttext-basedresponsesfromtherobot—threeadmittingthelie,twoofferingasimpleapologywithoutadmission.Thestudyaimedtodeterminewhichtypeofapologywasmosteffectiveinrepairingtrustafterarobot’slie.(一到醫(yī)院，參與者就被告知沒有警察，他們收到了機器人發(fā)來的五種不同的短信回復中的一種——三種承認了謊言，兩種只是簡單的道歉，但沒有承認。該研究旨在確定機器人撒謊后哪種道歉方式最能有效地修復信任)”和第四段中“Theresultsalsoindicatedthatwhilenoneoftheapologytypesfullyrecoveredtrust,theapologywithnoadmissionoflyingwasstatisticallymoreeffectiveinrepairingtrustthanotherresponses.(結(jié)果還表明，雖然沒有任何一種道歉類型能夠完全恢復信任，但在統(tǒng)計學上，不承認說謊的道歉在修復信任方面比其他回應更有效)”可知，在實驗中，不承認說謊的道歉在修復信任方面最有效。結(jié)合選項可知，B項承認了錯誤和間接承認說謊，C項直接承認了說謊，D項沒有道歉，只有A項屬于不承認說謊的道歉，所以在修復信任方面比其他回應更有效。故選A項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““WestillknowverylittleaboutAldeception,butwedoknowthatlyingisnotalwaysbad,andtellingthetruthisn’talwaysgood,”Rogerssaid.“Sohowcanwemakelawsthatsupportnewideaswithoutharmingthem,whilealsokeepingpeoplesafe?””(“我們對人工智能欺騙的了解仍然很少，但我們確實知道說謊并不總是壞事，而說真話也并不總是好事，”Rogers說?！澳敲?，我們?nèi)绾尾拍苤贫ǚ桑戎С中孪敕ㄓ植粋λ鼈?，同時又能保證人們的安全呢？”)”可知，Rogers可能會建議人工智能立法者要平衡創(chuàng)新和用戶安全。故選A項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ImagineachildaskingachatbotorvoiceassistantifSantaClausisreal.HowshouldtheAIrespond,giventhatsomefamilieswouldpreferalieoverthetruth?Thisisadilemmainthelittle-studiedareaofrobotsdeception.(想象一下，一個孩子問聊天機器人或語音助手圣誕老人是否真實存在。鑒于一些家庭更愿意接受謊言而不是真相，人工智能應該如何回應？這是機器人欺騙這一鮮有研究的領(lǐng)域中的一個困境)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要討論的是人工智能欺騙是好還是壞的問題，故“AIdeception:badornot?(人工智能欺騙：好還是不好？)”是文章最佳標題。故選D項。DAreyouanopenbook,yourfacebroadcastingeverypassingemotion,ormoreofapokerface,notshowingwhatyouarefeeling?ScientistsatNottinghamTrentUniversitysaythatwearingyourheartonyourface,couldactuallygiveyouasignificantsocialadvantage.Thestudy,ledbyEithneKavanagh,aresearchfellowatNTU’sSchoolofSocialSciences,involvingover1,300participants,noticedstrikingvariationsinhowmuchpeoplemovedtheirfacesduringconversations.Importantly,thisexpressivenessemergedasastableindividualquality.Peopledisplayedsimilarlevelsoffacialexpressivenessacrossdifferentcontexts,withdifferentsocialpartners,andevenovertimeperiodsuptofourmonths.Theresearcherssaythatfacialexpressivenessislinkedtopersonality,withmoreagreeableindividualsdisplayingmorelivelyfaces.Facialexpressivenesscanalsotranslateintoconcretesocialbenefits.Inanegotiationtask,moreexpressiveindividualsaremorelikelytosecurealargersliceofareward.Theresearcherssuggestthatforagreeablefolks,dynamicfacialexpressionsmayserveasatoolforbuildinggoodrelationshipandsmoothingoverconflicts.Acrosstheboard,theresultspointtofacialexpressivenessservingan“affiliative(親和)function,”orasocialgluethatdevelopslikingandsmootherinteractions.Expressivenessisalsolinkedtobeingseenasmore“readable,”suggestingthatalivelyfacemakesone’sintentionsandmentalstateseasierforotherstodecipher.Beyondfrequencyoffacialmovements,peoplewhoemployfacialexpressionsmorestrategicallytosuitsocialgoals,suchaslookingfriendlyinagreeting,arealsomorewell-liked.Thefindingschallengethe“pokerface”commonbeliefthatastillandunemotionalappearanceisalwaysmostadvantageous.Instead,theysuggestthatformostpeople,allowingone’sfacetomirrorinnerstatesandintentionscaninvitewarmerreactions.Astheresearchersconclude,“Beingfaciallyexpressiveissociallyadvantageous.”So,thenexttimeyoucatchyourselfmakinglinesonyourforehead,orflashingasmile,knowthatyourfacejustmightbeworkingovertimeonyourbehalf.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningthestudy?A.Itsimpact. B.Itsfindings. C.Itslimitations. D.Itssignificance.13.Whatmayfacialexpressivenessserveasinnegotiationsettings?A.Awaytofrightencompetitors.B.Amethodtohidepersonalities.C.Atooltoshowpersonalquality.D.Astrategytosettledisagreement.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decipher”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Copy. B.Overlook. C.Remember D.Interpret.15.Whatmaytheauthoradvisebasedonthefindingsofthestudy?A.Alwayswearingastillface. B.Learningtobeanopenbook.C.Speakingoutinneremotions. D.Forcingasmilethroughtears.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項科學研究，研究表明面部表情豐富的人在社交中有顯著優(yōu)勢，這種優(yōu)勢可以轉(zhuǎn)化為具體的社交利益。文章最后指出，對于大多數(shù)人來說，讓自己的臉反映內(nèi)心的狀態(tài)和意圖可以引發(fā)更熱烈的反應?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thestudy,ledbyEithneKavanagh,aresearchfellowatNTU’sSchoolofSocialSciences,involvingover1,300participants,noticedstrikingvariationsinhowmuchpeoplemovedtheirfacesduringconversations.Importantly,thisexpressivenessemergedasastableindividualquality.Peopledisplayedsimilarlevelsoffacialexpressivenessacrossdifferentcontexts,withdifferentsocialpartners,andevenovertimeperiodsuptofourmonths.(這項研究由諾丁漢特倫特大學社會科學學院研究員EithneKavanagh領(lǐng)導，有1300多名參與者。研究注意到人們在談話中面部動作的多少存在顯著差異。重要的是，這種表現(xiàn)力成為一種穩(wěn)定的個人品質(zhì)。人們在不同的情境中、與不同的社交伙伴在一起時，甚至在長達四個月的時間段內(nèi)，都表現(xiàn)出相似程度的面部表情豐富度。)”可知，本段主要介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們在談話中面部動作的多少存在顯著差異，而且是一種穩(wěn)定的個人品質(zhì)。因此，本段主要在講這項研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inanegotiationtask,moreexpressiveindividualsaremorelikelytosecurealargersliceofareward.Theresearcherssuggestthatforagreeablefolks,dynamicfacialexpressionsmayserveasatoolforbuildinggoodrelationshipandsmoothingoverconflicts.(在談判任務中，更有表現(xiàn)力的人更有可能獲得更大的獎勵。研究人員建議，對于和藹可親的人來說，動態(tài)面部表情可能是建立良好關(guān)系和緩和矛盾的工具)”可知，在談判中，面部表情可能是建立良好關(guān)系和緩和矛盾的工具，幫助有表現(xiàn)力的人獲得更大利益。因此，面部表情在談判環(huán)境中可能作為一種解決分歧的策略。故選D項?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Expressivenessisalsolinkedtobeingseenasmore‘readable,’suggestingthatalivelyfacemakesone’sintentionsandmentalstateseasierforotherstodecipher.(表情豐富也與被認為更“可讀”有關(guān)，這表明一張生動的臉讓人的意圖和精神狀態(tài)更容易被decipher)”中“Expressivenessisalsolinkedtobeingseenasmore‘readable,’”可知，豐富的表情更“可讀”，即更容易被理解和解讀，所以“一張生動的臉更容易被人解讀意圖和精神狀態(tài)”。劃線詞decipher與interpret同義，意為“解讀”。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thefindingschallengethe‘pokerface’commonbeliefthatastillandunemotionalappearanceisalwaysmostadvantageous.Instead,theysuggestthatformostpeople,allowingone’sfacetomirrorinnerstatesandintentionscaninvitewarmerreactions.(這些發(fā)現(xiàn)挑戰(zhàn)了‘撲克臉’的普遍信念，即靜止不動、面無表情的外表總是最有利的。相反，它們表明，對于大多數(shù)人來說，讓自己的臉反映內(nèi)心的狀態(tài)和意圖可以引發(fā)更熱情的反應)”可知，研究表明面部表情豐富的人在社交中有顯著優(yōu)勢，所以對于大多數(shù)人來說，讓自己的臉反映內(nèi)心的狀態(tài)和意圖可以引發(fā)更熱情的反應。因此作者可能建議我們要學會像一本打開的書一樣，不要隱藏自己的情感和意圖，要通過面部表情表達出來。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Mentalhealthisextremelyessentialbecauseitcanaffectalmosteverypartofaperson’slife.____16____Herearesomeofthemostpopularadvicesharedbypsychologiststoimproveyourmentalhealth.Threewaystostopgettingupatnightandimprovesleep.Everyonewakesupafewtimespernight.Cyclingoutofsleeproughlyevery90minutestotwohoursisnormal.____17____Wefailtogetadequatequantitiesofthedeepeststagesofsleep.____18____Minimizebathroombreaksbyaligning(使一致)yourbiologicalclockwithyourintendedsleepschedule.Treatyoursleepapnea(睡眠呼吸暫停)bygettingusedtowearingaCPAPmachine.Relaxandworkonfeelingsafertosleepbetter.Avoidance,notanxiety,maybedamagingyourlife.Anxietyisacommonanddiscouragingsymptomexperiencedbymanyindividuals.However,thereisamoresubtleandunpleasantone.____19____Whenweavoidcertainsituationsanddecisions,itcanleadtomoreanxietyandproblems.Psychologicalavoidanceisapowerfulenemy,buttherearescience-basedskillstofightit.Checkinwithyourthoughtsandchallengethem.Andletyourvalues,notyouremotions,directyouractions.Gaslightingisemotionalabuse.Here’showtorecognizeandstopit.Gaslightingisasecret,manipulative(易于操縱的),andreality-bendingformofemotionalabuse.Yetwhengaslightingisinourownrelationships,manyofusstruggletoidentifyit,letaloneescapeit.Learntorecognizesignsofgaslighting.____20____Nametheabuse.Andusestrategiessuchasgettingoutofthepowerstruggle,checkinginwithyourfeelingsoften,andhonoringyouremotionstostopbeingsubjecttogaslighting.A.Thesecanhaveabigimpactongaslighting.B.Areyouwonderinghowtocareforyourmentalhealth?C.It’scalledpsychologicalavoidance.D.Areyouworriedthatsomeoneyouknowsuffersfrommentalproblems?E.Butfrequentwakingcanaffectphysical,emotional,andmentalfunctioning.F.Thosemayincludepersistentdenial,reality-bending,shaming,contradiction,andlying.G.Threelesswell-knownsolutionsforlightsleepandwakingcanhelp.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.C20.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了一些可以改善心理健康的建議?！?6題詳解】上文“Mentalhealthisextremelyessentialbecauseitcanaffectalmosteverypartofaperson’slife.(心理健康是極其重要的，因為它幾乎可以影響一個人生活的方方面面)”提到心理健康是極其重要的，下文“Herearesomeofthemostpopularadvicesharedbypsychologiststoimproveyourmentalhealth.(以下是心理學家分享的一些最受歡迎的建議，可以改善你的心理健康)”提到一些可以改善心理健康的建議，故B項“Areyouwonderinghowtocareforyourmentalhealth?(你想知道如何照顧自己的心理健康嗎？)”承上啟下，符合語境。故選B?！?7題詳解】上文“Cyclingoutofsleeproughlyevery90minutestotwohoursisnormal.(大約每90分鐘到兩個小時從睡眠中醒來是正常的)”提到夜醒是正常的，下文“Wefailtogetadequatequantitiesofthedeepeststagesofsleep.(我們無法獲得足夠的深度睡眠)”提到相關(guān)的危害，故E項“Butfrequentwakingcanaffectphysical,emotional,andmentalfunctioning.(但頻繁醒來會影響身體、情緒和精神功能。)”符合語境，和上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且引出下文。故選E?！?8題詳解】上文“Wefailtogetadequatequantitiesofthedeepeststagesofsleep.(我們無法獲得足夠的深度睡眠)”提到睡眠不足問題，下文“Minimizebathroombreaksbyaligning(使一致)yourbiologicalclockwithyourintendedsleepschedule.Treatyoursleepapnea(睡眠呼吸暫停)bygettingusedtowearingaCPAPmachine.Relaxandworkonfeelingsafertosleepbetter.(調(diào)整你的生物鐘和你的睡眠時間表，盡量減少上廁所的時間。治療你的睡眠呼吸暫停，習慣佩戴呼吸機。放松，努力讓自己感覺更安全，從而睡得更好)”是三種解決辦法，G項“Threelesswell-knownsolutionsforlightsleepandwakingcanhelp.(三個不太為人所知的淺睡和淺醒的解決方案可能會有所幫助。)”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G?！?9題詳解】上文“However,thereisamoresubtleandunpleasantone.(然而，還有一個更微妙、更令人不快的原因)”提到還有一個更微妙、更令人不快的原因，空處應是具體說明，C項“It’scalledpsychologicalavoidance.(它就是心理回避。)”符合語境，且C項中“avoidance”呼應下文“avoid”。故選C?！?0題詳解】上文“Learntorecognizesignsofgaslighting.(學會識別煤氣燈效應的跡象)”提到要學會識別煤氣燈效應的跡象，F(xiàn)項“Thosemayincludepersistentdenial,reality-bending,shaming,contradiction,andlying.(這些可能包括持續(xù)否認、歪曲事實、羞辱、矛盾和撒謊。)”具體說明哪些是煤氣燈效應的跡象。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A.B.C.D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Onesummernightinaseasidecottage,aboyfelthimself____21____frombed.Thenhewasheldinhisfather’sarmsoutontothenearbybeach.Overheadtheskytwinkledwithstars.“Watch!”____22____,ashisfatherspoke,oneofthestarsmoved.Inalineofgoldenfireitflashedacrossthedark____23____.Andbeforethewonderofthiscould____24____,anotherstarleapedfromitsplace,thenanother,divingtowardstherestlesssea.“What’sthis?”thechildwhispered.“Shootingstars.TheycomeeveryyearonacertainAugustnight.Ithoughtyou’dliketoseethe____25____.”Thatwasall:justanunexpected____26____ofsomethingmysteriousandbeautiful.Butback____27____,thechildstaredforalongtimeintothedark,knowingthatallaroundthequiethousethenightwasfullofthe____28____musicofthefallingstars.Decadeshavepassed,buthestillremembersthatnightbecausehewasthe____29____boywhosefatherbelievedthatanewexperiencewasmoreimportantforasmallboythana(n)_____30_____night’ssleep.Nodoubthehadalltheusualchildhoodentertainment,butthoseare_____31_____now.Whatheremembersisthenightoftheshootingstars,andthe“trophy(戰(zhàn)利品)table”inthediningroomwherechildrenwereencouragedto_____32_____thingstheyhadfound—anything_____33_____orbeautiful—snakeskins,seashells,flowers,arrowheads...Hisfatherhad,toamarvelousdegree,thegiftofopeningdoorsforchildren,ofleadingthemintoareasofsplendid_____34_____.Thissubtle(巧妙的)artof_____35_____dimensionstoachild’sworlddoesn’tnecessarilyrequireagreatdealoftime.Itsimplyinvolvesdoingthingsmoreoftenwithchildreninsteadofforthemortothem.21.A.called B.lifted C.knocked D.transported22.A.Incredibly B.Anxiously C.Simply D.Curiously23.A.sea B.face C.eyes D.heavens24.A.fade B.work C.attack D.continue25.A.weather B.place C.show D.condition26.A.comeback B.blow C.glimpse D.visit27.A.tothebeach B.undertheskyC.inbed D.tohisseat28.A.serious B.silent C.modern D.sad29.A.cautious B.ambitious C.fortunate D.sensitive30.A.restless B.heavy C.light D.unbroken31.A.resolved B.forgotten C.avoided D.delayed32.A.create B.search C.collect D.exhibit33.A.unusual B.uncertain C.practical D.awful34.A.victory B.sky C.newness D.cottage35.A.adding B.applying C.turning D.tracing【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.C27.C28.B29.C30.D31.B32.D33.A34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了一個小男孩被父親從睡夢中抱出去看美麗的流星而久久不能忘懷的故事，這位父親鼓勵男孩去探索和體驗新的事物，帶領(lǐng)他進入新的領(lǐng)域。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個夏天的晚上，在海邊的小屋里，一個男孩覺得自己被從床上抱了起來。A.called喊，叫；B.lifted舉起，抬起；C.knocked撞擊；D.transported運輸。根據(jù)下文“Thenhewasheldinhisfather’sarmsoutontothenearbybeach.”可知，小男孩被父親從床上抱了起來，用lift表示“抱起”。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：令人難以置信的是，就在他父親說話的時候，一顆星星動了。A.Incredibly不可思議地；B.Anxiously焦急地；C.Simply僅僅；D.Curiously好奇地。根據(jù)下文“oneofthestarsmoved”可知，一顆星星移動了，這是不可思議的，令人難以置信的。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：金色的火焰在黑暗的天空中閃爍。A.sea大海；B.face臉；C.eyes臉；D.heavens天空，天堂。根據(jù)上文“Overheadtheskytwinkledwithstars.”及“itflashedacrossthedark”可知，黑色的是天空，流星在天空中劃過。故選D項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在它的奇跡還沒有消失之前，另一顆星星從它的位置跳了出來，然后又一顆，向那不安的海洋俯沖而去。A.fade消失；B.work工作；C.attack攻擊；D.continue繼續(xù)。根據(jù)“before”及“anotherstarleapedfromitsplace,thenanother,divingtowardstherestlesssea”可知，在第一顆流星的奇跡還沒有消失之前，第二顆又出現(xiàn)了。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認為你會想看這個景色。A.weather天氣；B.place地方；C.show景象；D.condition條件。根據(jù)前文“Shootingstars”及上文父親將孩子抱出來看流星可知，父親認為孩子會想要看這個景象。故選C項。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：僅此而已：只是意外地瞥見了神秘而美麗的東西。A.comeback再度流行；B.blow刮風，打擊；C.glimpse一瞥，短暫的感受；D.visit參觀。根據(jù)上文“Inalineofgoldenfireitflashedacrossthedark_______.Andbeforethewonderofthiscould_______,anotherstarleapedfromitsplace,thenanother,divingtowardstherestlesssea.”可知，流星劃過時，只是對神秘而美麗的東西的一瞥，只是短暫的感受。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：但是回到床上，孩子盯著黑暗看了很長時間，他知道寂靜的房子周圍充滿了流星的無聲的音樂。A.tothebeach去海灘；B.underthesky天空下；C.inbed床上；D.tohisseat回到座位上。根據(jù)“Butback”可知，之前孩子被父親從床上抱出來，現(xiàn)在指又回到了床上。故選C項。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是回到床上，孩子盯著黑暗看了很長時間，他知道寂靜的房子周圍充滿了流星的無聲的音樂。A.serious嚴肅的；B.silent寂靜的；C.modern現(xiàn)代的；D.sad傷心的。根據(jù)“musicofthefallingstars”可知，流星劃落是沒有聲音的。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾十年過去了，但他仍然記得那個晚上，因為他是一個幸運的男孩，他的父親認為，對一個小男孩來說，新的經(jīng)歷比一夜安穩(wěn)的睡眠更重要。A.cautious謹慎的；B.ambitious有抱負的；C.fortunate幸運的；D.sensitive敏感的。根據(jù)“whosefatherbelievedthatanewexperiencewasmoreimportantforasmallboythana(n)________night’ssleep.”可知，父親更加重視體驗新事物，探索新事物，男孩是幸運的。故選C項。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾十年過去了，但他仍然記得那個晚上，因為他是一個幸運的男孩，他的父親認為，對一個小男孩來說，新的經(jīng)歷比一夜安穩(wěn)的睡眠更重要。A.restless坐立不安的，沒有休息的；B.heavy重的，超出一般的；C.light輕的，淺的；D.unbroken未破損的，不間斷的。根據(jù)文章開頭“Onesummernightinaseasidecottage,aboyfelthimself_______frombed.”可知，孩子的一晚上不間斷的睡眠被父親打破了，因此，此處表示比起不間斷的睡眠，新的經(jīng)歷更重要。故選D項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：毫無疑問，他童年時有過所有的娛樂活動，但現(xiàn)在這些都被遺忘了。A.resolved決心；B.forgotten忘記；C.avoided避免；D.delayed延遲。根據(jù)“Nodoubthehadalltheusualchildhoodentertainment,but”及下文“Whatheremembersisthenightoftheshootingstars”可知，童年有過的娛樂活動，男孩在長大后忘記了。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他記得的是那個流星的夜晚，還有餐廳里的“獎杯桌”，孩子們被鼓勵展示他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西——任何不尋常的或美麗的東西——蛇皮、貝殼、花、箭頭……A.create創(chuàng)造；B.search搜尋；C.collect收集；D.exhibit展示。根據(jù)“thingstheyhadfound—anything_______orbeautiful—snakeskins,seashells,flowers,arrowheads...”可知，孩子們被鼓勵將發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西展示出來。故選D項。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他記得的是那個流星的夜晚，還有餐廳里的“獎杯桌”，孩子們被鼓勵展示他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西——任何不尋常的或美麗的東西——蛇皮、貝殼、花、箭頭…