2020-2024年五年高考英語真題分類匯編 專題13 閱讀表達(dá)解析版

2020-2024年五年高考真題分類匯編PAGEPAGE1【好題匯編】五年（2020-2024）高考英語真題分類匯編（北京專用）解析版專題13閱讀表達(dá)年份主題語境體裁詞數(shù)話題考點(diǎn)分布細(xì)節(jié)表達(dá)推斷表達(dá)主旨表達(dá)猜詞表達(dá)2024人與自我記敘文268追求科學(xué)研究的獨(dú)立過程中成長(zhǎng)的故事30002023人與社會(huì)記敘文280習(xí)慣是如何形成的以及對(duì)人的影響。30002022人與社會(huì)記敘文286發(fā)明一種適合所有年齡的人們可以喝的無糖的健康飲料30002021人與社會(huì)說明文322解決爭(zhēng)執(zhí)減情緒負(fù)擔(dān)3000【2024北京卷】Growingup,Iidealisedindependence.Ialwayswantedmyowneffortstobeenough.WhenIdecidedtopursueapostgraduatedegree,Iwantedtodevelopanovelresearchprogrammeandquicklyestablishmyselfasanindependentscientist.ButIwasunrealisticallyoptimisticaboutwhatIcouldachieve.AsIbegandesigningexperiments,mycommitteememberswarnedmeaboutthechallengesIwouldface.Butmyneedforindependencedrovemetopushforwardwithmyresearchplan.Asaresult,thefirstfouryearsofmypostgraduatecareerweredefinedbyaseriesoffailures.Duringmysecondyear,Ifailedmycomprehensiveexambecausemyproposalwasunclear.Duringmythirdyear,Idiscoveredthataftertreatingthousandsofseeds,IobtainedjustoneplantIcoulduseforexperiments.Bymyfourthyear,mydesperationtosucceedovershadowedmydesireforindependence.MyadviserandIdevised(想出)asomewhatunusualsolution:Iwouldspendthreemonthsinacollaborating(合作的)labtoobtainspecialisedtraining.Iworkedextensivelywithotherstudents,constantlyaskedquestions,andhelpedwithongoingprojectstolearneverythingIcould.Finally,Iconductedanelegantexperimentthatwouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthehelpofthemembersinthelab.Myadvisersawthisexperienceasagroundbreakingsuccess,emphasisingthecollaboratingskillsIacquired.Afewmonthslater,whenIrepeatedtheexperimentinmyhomelab,Iproducedmorepublishabledata.Bylearningwhentoaskforhelp,Ieventuallyfoundmyselfonthewaytobecominganindependentscientist.40.Inthebeginning,whatdrovetheauthortopushforwardwiththeresearchplan?_______________________________________________________________________________________________41.Whatwasthesolutionbytheadviserandtheauthorafterthoserepeatedfailures?_______________________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Theadviserconsideredtheauthor’sexperienceinthelabagroundbreakingsuccessbecausepublishabledatahadbeenproduced._______________________________________________________________________________________________43.Fromthisstory,whatcanyoulearnabout“independence”?(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】40.Theneedtoberecognizedasanindependentscientist.41.Theauthorwouldspendthreemonthsinacollaboratinglabtoobtainspecialisedtraining.42.Theadviserconsideredtheauthor’sexperienceinthelabagroundbreakingsuccessbecausepublishabledatahadbeenproduced.Itisbecausetheauthorhadacquiredthecollaboratingskillsbyworkingwithotherstheresothattheadviserconsideredtheauthor’sexperienceinthelabagroundbreakingsuccess.43.Inthestorysuccessinbecominganindependentscientistwasultimatelyachievedthroughcollaboration,adaptivelearning,andresilienceinthefaceofsetbacks.Fromthestory,welearnthatwhileindependenceisinitiallyidealisedandpursuedpassionately,trueindependenceofteninvolvesrecognizingthevalueofcollaborationandlearningthantoseekhelp.(答案言之有理即可)【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者在追求科學(xué)研究的獨(dú)立過程中遇到的挑戰(zhàn)、失敗、學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)的故事?！?0題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段“AsIbegandesigningexperiments,mycommitteememberswarnedmeaboutthechallengesIwouldface.Butmyneedforindependencedrovemetopushforwardwithmyresearchplan.(當(dāng)我開始設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，我的委員會(huì)成員警告我，我將面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。但是我對(duì)獨(dú)立的需求驅(qū)使我推進(jìn)我的研究計(jì)劃)”可知，一開始，是作者對(duì)獨(dú)立的需求驅(qū)使作者推進(jìn)這個(gè)研究計(jì)劃。故答案為：Theneedtoberecognizedasanindependentscientist.【41題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“MyadviserandIdevised(想出)asomewhatunusualsolution:Iwouldspendthreemonthsinacollaborating(合作的)labtoobtainspecialisedtraining.(我的導(dǎo)師和我想出了一個(gè)有點(diǎn)不同尋常的解決方案：我將在一個(gè)合作實(shí)驗(yàn)室里待上三個(gè)月，接受專門培訓(xùn))”可知，在反復(fù)的失敗之后，導(dǎo)師和作者的解決方案是，作者將花三個(gè)月的時(shí)間在合作實(shí)驗(yàn)室接受專門培訓(xùn)。故答案為：Theauthorwouldspendthreemonthsinacollaboratinglabtoobtainspecialisedtraining.【42題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段“Myadvisersawthisexperienceasagroundbreakingsuccess,emphasisingthecollaboratingskillsIacquired.Afewmonthslater,whenIrepeatedtheexperimentinmyhomelab,Iproducedmorepublishabledata.(我的導(dǎo)師認(rèn)為這段經(jīng)歷是一次開創(chuàng)性的成功，強(qiáng)調(diào)了我獲得的合作技能。幾個(gè)月后，當(dāng)我在家里的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里重復(fù)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，我得到了更多可發(fā)表的數(shù)據(jù))”可知，導(dǎo)師認(rèn)為作者在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的經(jīng)歷是一次開創(chuàng)性的成功，這是因?yàn)樽髡咄ㄟ^與他人合作獲得了合作技能，而不是因?yàn)楫a(chǎn)生了可發(fā)表的數(shù)據(jù)。故答案：Theadviserconsideredtheauthor’sexperienceinthelabagroundbreakingsuccessbecausepublishabledatahadbeenproduced.Itisbecausetheauthorhadacquiredthecollaboratingskillsbyworkingwithotherstheresothattheadviserconsideredtheauthor’sexperienceinthelabagroundbreakingsuccess.【43題詳析】開放性問題。答案言之有理即可。通讀全文可知，作者成為一名獨(dú)立科學(xué)家的成功最終是通過合作、適應(yīng)性學(xué)習(xí)和面對(duì)挫折的韌性來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。從這個(gè)故事中，我們了解到，雖然獨(dú)立最初是理想化的，并被熱情地追求，但真正的獨(dú)立往往包括認(rèn)識(shí)到合作的價(jià)值，并學(xué)會(huì)何時(shí)尋求幫助。故答案為：Inthestory,successinbecominganindependentscientistwasultimatelyachievedthroughcollaboration,adaptivelearning,andresilienceinthefaceofsetbacks.Fromthestory,welearnthatwhileindependenceisinitiallyidealisedandpursuedpassionately,trueindependenceofteninvolvesrecognizingthevalueofcollaborationandlearningwhentoseekhelp.【2023北京卷】Habitformationistheprocessbywhichbehavioursbecomeautomatic.Peopledevelopcountlesshabitsastheyexploretheworld,whethertheyareawareofthemornot.Understandinghowhabitstakeshapemaybehelpfulinchangingbadhabits.Habitsarebuiltthroughlearningandrepetition.Apersonisthoughttodevelopahabitinthecourseofpursuinggoalsbybeginningtoassociatecertaincues(刺激)withbehaviouralresponsesthathelpmeetthegoal.Overtime,thoughtsofthebehaviourandultimatelythebehaviouritselfarelikelytobetriggered(觸發(fā))bythesecues.A“habitloop(環(huán))”isawayofdescribingseveralrelatedelementsthatproducehabits.Theseelementsarecalledthecue,theroutine,andthereward.Forexample,stresscouldserveasacuethatonerespondstobyeating,whichproducesthereward﹣thereductionofstress.Whilearoutineinvolvesrepeatedbehaviour,it’snotnecessarilyperformedinresponsetoadeep﹣rootedurge,asahabitis.Oldhabitscanbedifficulttoshake,andhealthyhabitsareoftenhardertodevelop.Butthroughrepetition,it’spossibletoformnewhabits.Theamountoftimeneededtobuildahabitwilldependonmultiplefactors,includingtheindividualandtheintendedbehaviour.Whileyouareabletopickupanewhabitinafewweeks,ittakesmanymonthstobuildahealthyhabit.Takesometimetothinkaboutwhatleadstobadhabitsandre﹣evaluatewhatyougetoutofthem(ordon’t).Considerandkeepinmindwhyyouwanttomakeachange,includinghowthechangereflectsyourvalues.40．Howarehabitsbuilt?41．Inwhatwayisaroutinedifferentfromahabit?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Pickingupanewhabittakesafewweek,whilebuildingahealthyhabittakesashortertime.43．Whatbenefit(s)haveyougotfromoneofyourgoodhabits?(Inabout40words)【答案】40．Habitsarebuiltthroughlearningandrepetition.41．Aroutineinvolvesrepeatedbehaviourwhileahabitisadeep﹣rootedurge.42．Pickingupanewhabittakesafewweek,whilebuildingahealthyhabittakesashortertime.Becausebuildingahealthyhabittakesmanymonths.43．Ihaveagoodhabitofgoingtobedearlyandgettingupearly.Therefore,Icanstudyenergeticallyeverymorning,whichmakesmestudyefficiently.Also,Iamveryhealthy.【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。習(xí)慣的形成是行為自動(dòng)形成的過程。人們?cè)谔剿魇澜绲倪^程中養(yǎng)成了無數(shù)的習(xí)慣，不管他們是否意識(shí)到這些習(xí)慣。文章主要說明了習(xí)慣是如何形成的以及對(duì)人的影響。40．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中“Habitsarebuiltthroughlearningandrepetition.(習(xí)慣是通過學(xué)習(xí)和重復(fù)建立起來的)”可知，習(xí)慣是通過學(xué)習(xí)和重復(fù)建立起來的。故填Habitsarebuiltthroughlearningandrepetition.。41．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中“Whilearoutineinvolvesrepeatedbehaviour,it’snotnecessarilyperformedinresponsetoadeep﹣rootedurge,asahabitis.(雖然一個(gè)常規(guī)包括重復(fù)的行為，但它不一定是為了應(yīng)對(duì)深度﹣根深蒂固的沖動(dòng)，就像習(xí)慣一樣)”可知，常規(guī)不同于習(xí)慣在于：常規(guī)是重復(fù)的行為，而習(xí)慣是深度﹣根深蒂固的沖動(dòng)，故填A(yù)routineinvolvesrepeatedbehaviourwhileahabitisadeep﹣rootedurge.。42．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whileyouareabletopickupanewhabitinafewweeks,ittakesmanymonthstobuildahealthyhabit.(雖然你可以在幾周內(nèi)養(yǎng)成一個(gè)新的習(xí)慣，但是要養(yǎng)成一個(gè)健康的習(xí)慣卻需要好幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間)”可知，養(yǎng)成一個(gè)新的習(xí)慣需要好幾周，而要養(yǎng)成一個(gè)健康的習(xí)慣卻需要好幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間。所以句子“Pickingupanewhabittakesafewweek,whilebuildingahealthyhabittakesashortertime.”中“ashortertime”錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該為manymonths，故填Pickingupanewhabittakesafewweek,whilebuildingahealthyhabittakesashortertime.Becausebuildingahealthyhabittakesmanymonths.。43．開放試題，言之有理即可。題干問“你的一個(gè)好習(xí)慣給你帶來了什么好處？（大約40個(gè)字）”，答案可以是：我有早睡早起的好習(xí)慣。因此，我可以每天早上精力充沛地學(xué)習(xí)，這使我學(xué)習(xí)效率高。而且，我很健康。故填I(lǐng)haveagoodhabitofgoingtobedearlyandgettingupearly.Therefore,Icanstudyenergeticallyeverymorning,whichmakesmestudyefficiently.Also,Iamveryhealthy.?！?022北京卷】Tom,a15-year-oldinventorandentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),witnessedathisownschoolthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykids.Heknewtherehadtobeabetterportabledrinksolutionanddecidedtoinnovatefromsomethinghesawinhisownhome:fruitinfused(浸泡)water.Tomwatchedhismummakehealthyfruitinfusionsbutthenstruggleforatake-alongoption.Fromobservinghismumandfromhisdesiretogivekidsbetterdrinkoptions,hecameupwithhisoriginalmodelfortheFunBottle.“Iwantedtocomeupwithahealthy,naturalwayforpeopletodrinkwhenonthego.Abigpartofmymissionistogetpeopleofallagesoffsugarydrinks,”Tomexplains.Thebottleismadewithastrainer(濾網(wǎng))thatallowsthegreattastesandnaturalsugarsofthevariousfruitsandvegetablesyouchoosetocomethroughthewater,withoutanyoftheseedsorskinsflowingthrough.TomisproudofhisdesignandexcitedtobesellingtheFunBottleonhiswebsiteandinstores,butthis15-year-oldismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothers.Ithelpstoprovidehealthyalternativestosugarydrinks;andalsoTomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOrganisationforaHealthierGeneration(OHG).Tomhasbeenawardedseveralprizes,butthisteenageinnovatorremainshumble.Whenaskedwhatadvicehe’dgiveotherentrepreneurialyouth,hesays,“Prepareandhaveyourfamily’ssupport.Itisimportanttoknowfromthebeginningthattherearealotofhighsandlows,andthereisnosuchthingasovernightsuccess.”40.WhatdidTomwitnessathisownschool?41.WheredidTomgettheideafortheoriginalmodelfortheFunBottle?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatementthenunderlineitandexplainwhy.TomismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothersbecausehenotonlyprovideshealthyalternativestosugarydrinksbutalsodonatesalltheprofitstotheOHG.43.AmongTom’squalities,whichone(s)doyouthinkwillbeimportantforus?Why?(Inabout40words)【答案】40.Tomwitnessedthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykidsathisownschool.41.Tomgottheideafromobservinghismummakehealthyfruitinfusionsbutthenstruggleforatake-alongoption.42.TomismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothersbecausehenotonlyprovideshealthyalternativestosugarydrinksbutalsodonatesalltheprofitstotheOHG.TomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOHG.43.Ithinkthequalityofperspicacitywillbeimportant,becausethisinsightcanhelpusconstantlyfindourownshortcomingsinourlives,whichinturncanhelpusimproveourselves.(31)【解題導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述15歲的湯姆看到自己學(xué)校的學(xué)生喝含糖的飲料，隨后發(fā)明了一種適合所有年齡的人們可以喝的無糖的健康飲料?！?0.【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Tom,a15-year-oldinventorandentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),witnessedathisownschoolthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykids.”（湯姆，一個(gè)15歲的發(fā)明家和企業(yè)家，在他自己的學(xué)校目睹了孩子們大量消費(fèi)含糖飲料）可知，作為15歲的發(fā)明家和創(chuàng)業(yè)者，湯姆在學(xué)校目睹了孩子們廣泛消費(fèi)含糖飲料。故答案為Tomwitnessedthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykidsathisownschool.【41.【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第一句中“Tomwatchedhismummakehealthyfruitinfusions”（湯姆看著他的媽媽制作健康的水果飲料）第二句“Fromobservinghismumandfromhisdesiretogivekidsbetterdrinkoptions,hecameupwithhisoriginalmodelfortheFunBottle.”（從觀察他的母親和他要給孩子們更好的飲料選擇的愿望，他想出了他的原始模型的FunBottle）可知，湯姆在觀察母親制作水果飲料的過程中得到啟發(fā)，才有了FunBottle的原始模型。故答案為Tomgottheideafromobservinghismummakehealthyfruitinfusionsbutthenstruggleforatake-alongoption.【42.【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中“butthis15-year-oldismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothers.Ithelpstoprovidehealthyalternativestosugarydrinks;andalsoTomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOrganisationforaHealthierGeneration(OHG).”（但是這個(gè)15歲的孩子最感到自豪的是FunBottle帶給其他人的機(jī)會(huì)。它有助于對(duì)含糖飲料提供健康的替代品。而且湯姆還捐贈(zèng)了部分利潤為一個(gè)名為OHG的組織）可知，湯姆把自己產(chǎn)品的部分利潤，并非全部利潤，捐給了OHG。所以錯(cuò)誤在于“alltheprofits”，應(yīng)修改為“partoftheprofits”，故答案為TomismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothersbecausehenotonlyprovideshealthyalternativestosugarydrinksbutalsodonatesalltheprofitstotheOHG.TomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOHG.【43.【解析】開放題，言之有理即可。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Tom,a15-year-oldinventorandentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),witnessedathisownschoolthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykids.”（湯姆，一個(gè)15歲的發(fā)明家和企業(yè)家，在他自己的學(xué)校目睹了孩子們廣泛消費(fèi)含糖飲料）第二段中““Iwantedtocomeupwithahealthy,naturalwayforpeopletodrinkwhenonthego.Abigpartofmymissionistogetpeopleofallagesoffsugarydrinks,”Tomexplains.”（“我想出一種健康、自然的方式，讓人們?cè)诼猛局泻?。我的一大任?wù)就是讓所有年齡段的人都不再喝含糖飲料,”湯姆解釋說）可知，湯姆在看到學(xué)生喝含糖的飲料時(shí)，他想到要發(fā)明出一種適合所有年齡段都能喝的不含糖的飲料，可推知，湯姆是一個(gè)很有聰穎的，有洞察力的人。這種洞察力在我們的生活中可以幫助我們不斷發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的不足，進(jìn)而幫助我們提升自己。故答案為：Ithinkthequalityofperspicacityimisportant,becausethisinsightcanhelpusconstantlyfindourownshortcomingsinourlives,whichinturncanhelpusimproveourselves.(31)【2021北京卷】Recentresearchsuggeststhatifanargumentgetsresolved，theemotionalresponsetiedtoitissignificantlyreducedoralmostcompletelyerased．Thus，itmaybeworthbringingupissueswithyourfriends，familymembers，orclassmatesratherthanholdingthemback．Thereisadifferencebetweenarguingandfighting．Arguingisthatyouandyouropponentpresentyourconcernsanddiscussthefeelingsandissuesrelatedtothoseconcerns．Youcanengageinanargumentrespectfullywithoutstirringup（激起）anger．Fighting，however，usuallyinvolvespersonalattacks，raisingofvoices，andstormingout．Discussingyourissuesandresolvingtheminsteadofstuffingthemdowncanimproveyouremotionalhealth．Inastudy，2.000peoplewereaskedtorecordtheirfeelingsandexperiencesforeightdaysinarow．Whenpeoplehadanargumentthattheyconsideredresolved，theyhadhalfthereactivity（情緒反應(yīng)）ofthosewhoavoidedanargument．Reactivityisanincreaseinnegativeemotionsoradecreaseinpositiveemotions．Inotherwords，resolvinganargumentcutsyournegativefeelingsbyhalf．Onedaylater，peoplewhohadaresolvedargumentreportednoincreaseofnegativeemotionscomparedwiththosewhoavoidedanargument．Thismeansthatresolvinganargumentcanfeellikeyouhavereachedastateofresolution——andyouarelesslikelytobeannoyed．Moreover，theolderyouare，themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranargument．Thismaybebecausemorelifeexperienceusuallyleadstomoredefinedpriorities．Youaremorelikelytodistinguishbetweenwhatmattersandwhatdoesnot．Itiseasiertoavoidadiscussion，butriskingtalkingaboutitmayeventuallyleadtoabetteroutcome．40.Accordingtothispassage，whatisarguing？41.Whyisitthat“theolderyouare，themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranargument”？42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy．Resolvingargumentscanimproveyouremotionalhealth，becauseitincreasesyourreactivityandreducesthechanceofyougettingangry．43.Inadditiontoimprovingemotionalhealth，whatdoyouthinkaresomeotherbenefitsofresolvinganargument？（Inabout40words）【答案】40.Arguingisdiscussingyourworries，relatedfeelingsandproblemswiththeotherparty．41.Itisbecausemorelifeexperiencemayhelppeoplebetteridentifyprioritiesinlife．42.Resolvingargumentscanimproveyouremotionalhealth，becauseitincreasesyourreactivityandreducesthechanceofyougettingangry．Resolvingargumentshelpstodecreaseyourreactivity．43.Resolvingargumentscanalsoimprovepeople'slogicalthinkingandresilience,andimprovetheirrelationshipwitheachother.（——★參考答案★——）【解析】〖祥解〗這是一篇說明文。最近的研究表明，如果爭(zhēng)吵得到解決，與之相關(guān)的情緒反應(yīng)會(huì)顯著減少或幾乎完全消除。因此，向你的朋友、家人或同學(xué)提出問題可能是值得的，而不是阻止他們。【40題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段“Arguingisthatyouandyouropponentpresentyourconcernsanddiscussthefeelingsandissuesrelatedtothoseconcerns．”（爭(zhēng)論是你和你的對(duì)手提出你的擔(dān)憂，并討論與這些擔(dān)憂相關(guān)的感受和問題。）可知，爭(zhēng)論是提出你的擔(dān)憂，并討論與這些擔(dān)憂相關(guān)的感受和問題。故答案為Arguingisdiscussingyourworries，relatedfeelingsandproblemswiththeotherparty．【41題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段“Moreover，theolderyouare，themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranargument．Thismaybebecausemorelifeexperienceusuallyleadstomoredefinedpriorities．Youaremorelikelytodistinguishbetweenwhatmattersandwhatdoesnot．”（而且，年紀(jì)越大，越有可能在爭(zhēng)吵后找到解決辦法。這可能是因?yàn)楦嗟纳罱?jīng)歷通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致更明確的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。你更有可能區(qū)分什么是重要的，什么是不重要的。）可知，更多的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以幫助人們更好地確定生活中的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。故答案填I(lǐng)tisbecausemorelifeexperiencemayhelppeoplebetteridentifyprioritiesinlife．【42題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段“Recentresearchsuggeststhatifanargumentgetsresolved，theemotionalresponsetiedtoitissignificantlyreducedoralmostcompletelyerased．”（如果爭(zhēng)吵得到解決，與之相關(guān)的情緒反應(yīng)會(huì)顯著減少或幾乎）可知，解決爭(zhēng)吵可以改善你的情緒健康，因?yàn)樗黾幽愕姆磻?yīng)，減少你生氣的機(jī)會(huì)。解決爭(zhēng)論有助于降低你的反應(yīng)性，而不是增加你的反應(yīng)力。故答案為Resolvingargumentscanimproveyouremotionalhealth，becauseitincreasesyourreactivityandreducesthechanceofyougettingangry．Resolvingargumentshelpstodecreaseyourreactivity．【43題詳析】考查開放思維。解決爭(zhēng)吵也可以提高人們的邏輯思維能力和應(yīng)變能力，使得相互之間的關(guān)系得到升華。故可能答案版本一為Resolvingargumentscanalsoimprovepeople'slogicalthinkingandresilience,andimprovetheirrelationshipwitheachother.Writing01【2024年北京市海淀區(qū)高三一?！緼sakid,IdreamedofbecomingamarinebiologistandIlivedoutthisfantasybysettingupaquariums(魚缸)athome.Then,at20,IwasintroducedtophotographerDavidLiittschwager,whohiredmetohelphimwithamagazineassignmentonmarinelife.David’sassignmentwastodocumenttheamazingbiodiversityfoundintheocean.Myrolewastocollectspeciesforhimtophotograph.Everynight,Iwouldcastafloatinglamp.Likemothsdrawntoaflame,mysteriouscreatureswouldemergefromthedepthsinsearchofthislight.I’dthensetupaquariumstohousethemastheywaitedforDavidtotaketheirshot.ThoseeveningsmademefeelasifIwereonanotherplanet.Ihadneverimaginedsuchstrangelife-formscouldexistinouroceans.ButIdidn’tgraspthetruemagicofwhatwasinfrontofmeuntilIsawthephotographsDavidtook.Thebiggestsurprisewashisimageofababyflounder.Icaughtthisfishbyaccident.OnlylaterdidInoticeitstwotinyeyeballsstaringbackatme.ButDavid’sphotographofthisflounderrevealedauniverseofdetailthatevenmyeagereyeshadmissed.Hismacrolensmagnifieditsribs.Thelightning-fastexposurefrozeitsmotion.Apreciselyaimedlightreleasedtherainbowhiddeninitsskin.Andtheblackbackgroundremovedalldistractionstofocusourattentiononthequietbeautyathand.Yearsafterthatproject,Iwassnorkeling(潛水)onashallowreef.Outofthedarkness,anotherbabyflounderemergedandsettledonmymask.ThistimeIknewwhattolookfor.BeforeworkingforDavid,Ihadassumedthegoalofphotographywassimplytoreproduceanobservationsothatotherscouldsharethesameexperience.Ithadneveroccurredtomethatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandthereforeteachustoseetheworldanew.40．Whatwastheauthor’sresponsibilityinDavid’sassignment?41．WhywasDavid’simageofababyflounderthebiggestsurprisetotheauthor?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Encounteringababyflounderwhilesnorkelingdeepenedtheauthor’sunderstandingthatphotographycouldreproduceanobservation.43．Whatcanhelpyouseetheworldanew?(Inabout40words)【答案】40．Theauthor’sresponsibilitywastocollectspeciesforDavidtophotograph.41．Becauseitrevealedauniverseofdetailthattheauthorhadmissedandshowedthemagicofphotography.Encounteringababyflounderwhilesnorkelingdeepenedtheauthor’sunderstandingthatphotographycouldreproduceanobservation./Encounteringababyflounderwhilesnorkelingdeepenedtheauthor’sunderstandingthatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandteachustoseetheworldanew.43．Seeingtheworldthroughdifferentperspectives,experiencingnewcultures,learningaboutdiverseideasandbeliefs,engaginginmeaningfulconversations,travelingtonewplaces,andbeingopentochangeandgrowthcanallhelpyouseetheworldanew.【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講作者回憶自己年輕時(shí)協(xié)助攝影師DavidLiittschwager拍攝海洋生物的經(jīng)歷，通過David拍攝的魚的照片，意識(shí)到攝影可以擴(kuò)展視覺感知，讓人重新看待世界，后來作者潛水時(shí)再次遇到小魚，有了新的認(rèn)知。40．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段的“Myrolewastocollectspeciesforhimtophotograph.(我的職責(zé)是收集物種供他拍攝)”可知，作者的職責(zé)是為大衛(wèi)收集物種供他拍攝。故答案為Theauthor’sresponsibilitywastocollectspeciesforDavidtophotograph.41．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第四段的“ButDavid’sphotographofthisflounderrevealedauniverseofdetailthatevenmyeagereyeshadmissed.Hismacrolensmagnifieditsribs.Thelightning-fastexposurefrozeitsmotion.Apreciselyaimedlightreleasedtherainbowhiddeninitsskin.Andtheblackbackgroundremovedalldistractionstofocusourattentiononthequietbeautyathand.(但大衛(wèi)對(duì)這條比目魚的照片揭示了一個(gè)宇宙的細(xì)節(jié)，甚至是我熱切的眼睛都錯(cuò)過了。他的微距鏡頭放大了它的肋骨。閃電般的曝光凍結(jié)了它的運(yùn)動(dòng)。一束精確瞄準(zhǔn)的光釋放了隱藏在它皮膚里的彩虹。黑色的背景消除了所有的干擾，使我們的注意力集中在眼前的寧靜之美)”可知，大衛(wèi)拍攝的照片揭示了作者錯(cuò)過的許多細(xì)節(jié)，展現(xiàn)了攝影的魅力，這讓作者感到驚喜。故答案為Becauseitrevealedauniverseofdetailthattheauthorhadmissedandshowedthemagicofphotography.42．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。從最后一段的“Yearsafterthatproject,Iwassnorkelingonashallowreef.Outofthedarkness,anotherbabyflounderemergedandsettledonmymask.ThistimeIknewwhattolookfor.BeforeworkingforDavid,Ihadassumedthegoalofphotographywassimplytoreproduceanobservationsothatotherscouldsharethesameexperience.Ithadneveroccurredtomethatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandthereforeteachustoseetheworldanew.(在那個(gè)項(xiàng)目幾年后，我在一個(gè)淺灘上浮潛。黑暗中，另一條小比目魚出現(xiàn)在我的面具上。這次我知道該找什么了。在為大衛(wèi)工作之前，我一直認(rèn)為攝影的目的僅僅是再現(xiàn)觀察結(jié)果，這樣其他人就可以分享同樣的經(jīng)歷。我從來沒有想過攝影可以擴(kuò)展我們的視覺感知，從而教會(huì)我們重新看待世界)”可知，作者意識(shí)到攝影可以擴(kuò)展我們的視覺感知，讓我們重新看待世界，而不只是簡(jiǎn)單地再現(xiàn)一個(gè)觀察結(jié)果。故答案為Encounteringababyflounderwhilesnorkelingdeepenedtheauthor’sunderstandingthatphotographycouldreproduceanobservation./Encounteringababyflounderwhilesnorkelingdeepenedtheauthor’sunderstandingthatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandteachustoseetheworldanew.43．開放題。要求考生談?wù)劇笆裁茨軒椭阒匦驴创澜?？”考生言之有理即可，例如“通過不同的視角看待世界，體驗(yàn)新的文化，了解不同的想法和信仰，進(jìn)行有意義的對(duì)話，去新的地方旅行，對(duì)變化和成長(zhǎng)持開放態(tài)度，這些都可以幫助你重新看待世界”。故答案為Seeingtheworldthroughdifferentperspectives,experiencingnewcultures,learningaboutdiverseideasandbeliefs,engaginginmeaningfulconversations,travelingtonewplaces,andbeingopentochangeandgrowthcanallhelpyouseetheworldanew.Writing02【2024年北京市延慶區(qū)高三一?！緼nxietyisnotdeadly,becausebeingabletofeelanxiousshowsthatourfight-or-flightsystemisoperational,whichisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Onceweacceptthatbeinganxiousisanormalpartoflife,wecanuseittoourbenefit.Anxietycanhelpbuildouremotionalstrength.Ifwewanttobuildemotionalstrength,weneedtofacesomedegreeofmentalstress.Ofcourse,unpleasantandabusetendtocausemoreharmthangood,buttheexperienceofoccasionalanxiety,stress,andtensionsubstantiallyincreasesouremotionalcourage.Anxietycanincreaseyouremotionalconnection.Clinicalsciencehasidentifiedthatsharingouranxietieswithourlovedonesisoneofthemosteffectivestrategiestobuildconnection.Whenmypatientslearntoopenupandsharetheiranxietieswiththeirpartners,theyalmostalwaysreportagreatersenseofemotionalconnection.Anxietycanhelpusrebalance.Whenwefeelgenuinelyanxiousbecauseofstress,it’sourbody’swayoftellingustorebalance.Nobodyistrulylimitless.Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsolessstressedandanxious.Anxietycanbeahealthy,helpfulemotionthatisaconstructiveaspectofhumanlife.Whenitcomestooccasionalexperienceofanxiety,itcanemotionallyhelpboostourcourage.Itcanalsobuildupemotionalconnectionwhenweexpressoursensitivefeelingstoothers.Andintheformofstress,itcanserveasaninternalindicatortoremainbalancedandhealthy.Nowit’shightimewestartedputtingittogooduse．40．Whyisanxietynotdeadly?41．Whencananxietyincreaseouremotionalconnection?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy?Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsomorestressedandanxious．43．Asastudent,howdoyoumakeuseoftestanxietytohelpyoubebetterpreparedforexams?(Inabout40words)【答案】40．Becausebeingabletofeelanxiousshowsthatourfight-or-flightsystemisoperational,whichisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Whenweshareouranxietieswithourlovedones.42．Whenwepayattenti