英語比較級課件

EnglishComparativePowerPointCourseware目錄contentsDefinitionofcomparativelevelComparativelevelrulechangesComparativelevelspecialchangesComparativeusageandprecautionsComparativeexercisesandconsolidationCHAPTER01DefinitionofcomparativelevelComparativelevelisalanguagelevelthatcomparestwoormorethingsorideasItrequiresthelearnertohaveagoodcommandofthelanguageandtheabilitytoexpresscomplexthoughtsandideasItisahigherleveloflanguageproficiencythanthebasiclevel,intermediatelevel,andadvancedlevelItrequiresthelearnertohaveagoodcommandofgrammar,vocabulary,andpromotion,aswellastheabilitytousethelanguageflexiblyandeffectivelyWhatiscomparativelevel

ComparativeusageComparativelevelisoftenusedinacademicwriting,businessreports,andotherformalwritingcasesItisalsousedindailycommunication,suchascomparingproducts,services,andotherthingsWhenusingcomparativelevel,itisimportanttobeobjectiveandaccurate,andavoidusingsubjectiveoremotionallanguageCompositionofcomparativelevelComparativelevelcommonlyincludesthefollowingelements:topic,comparisonobject,comparisoncriteria,comparisonresults,andconclusionThetopicisthethingorideathatneedstobecomparedThecomparisonobjectisthethingorideathatisbeingcomparedwiththetopicThecomparisoncriteriaarethestandardsorprinciplesusedtocomparethetopicandthecomparisonobjectThecomparisonresultsarethedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenthetopicandthecomparisonobjectbasedonthecomparisoncriteriaTheconclusionisasummaryofthecomparisonresultsandcanalsoincludesuggestionsorrecommendationsbasedonthecomparisonresultsWhenwritingatthecomparativelevel,itisimportanttobeclearandlogicalinpresentingtheinformationandideas,andtouseappropriatelanguageandstructuretodiscovercomplexideasandinformationeffectivelyCHAPTER02ComparativelevelrulechangesRulechangesareupdatestotherulesofEnglishgrammar,punctation,orspellingthathasoccurredovertimeThesechangescanbesmall,suchastheadditionofahyphentoaword,orlarge,suchasthecreationofanewtenseorclarificationRulechangescanbepermanentortemporary,andtheycanaffectthelanguageasawholeorspecificdialoguesOverviewofRuleChangesRulechangesthatoccurovertimewithoutanyspecificeventorpersoninitiatingthemGradualChangeRulechangesthatoccursuddenly,oftenduetotheinfluenceofafanpersonoraspecificeventInstantChangeThecreationofanewwordbyremovinganaccumulatedaffixfromanotherwordBackformationTheintroductionofanewwordorphrasefromanotherlanguageBorrowingTypesofRuleChangesThecreationofthepositive"its"insteadof"his"whenreferringtothingsTheadditionoftheOxfordcommatoclarifylistsofitemsTheuseof"they"asagenderneutralsingularnouninplaceof"he"or"she."ExamplesofrulechangesCHAPTER03ComparativelevelspecialchangesSpecialchangesarethedifferencesbetweentheoriginaltextandthetargettextintheprocessoftranslationTheyarecommonlyusedbythedifferencesinlanguage,culture,andthinkingmodesbetweenthesourcelanguageandthetargetlanguageThespecialchangesincomparativePowerPointcoursewarearemainlyfocusedonthecomparisonandanalysisofspecialchangesinEnglishtranslationOverviewofSpecialChangesTypesofspecialchangesTextualEquity-Thistypeofspecialchangereferstothechangeintheformofwordsorphrases,butthemeaningremainsunchangedForexample,"TheUnitedStates"istranslatedas"UnitedStates"inChinese,andthetextualmeaningisthesame,buttheformhaschangedSemanticEquity-Thistypeofspecialchangereferstothechangeinthemeaningofwordsorphrases,buttheformremainsunchangedForexample,"apple"istranslatedas"apple"inChinese,andalthoughtheformisthesame,themeaninghaschangedfromafruittoacompanyPragmaticEquity-Thistypeofspecialchangereferstothechangeinbothformandmeaning,butthepragmaticfunctionremainsunchangedForexample,"goodmorning"istranslatedas"goodmorning"inChinese,andbothhavethesamemeetingfunction,buttheformandmeaninghavechangedExamplesofspecialchangesAddition-AddinginformationthatisnotincludedintheoriginaltexttomakethetargettextmorecompleteorclearForexample,addingbackgroundinformationorexplanationsinEnglishcomparativePowerPointcoursewaretohelpstudentsunderstandtheoriginaltextbetterOmission-OmittinginformationthatisnotessentialorirrelevantinthetargettexttoavoidredundancyorfusionForexample,omittingsomedetailsorexamplesinEnglishcomparativePowerPointcoursewaretofocusonthemainideasandkeyinformationSubstitution-ReplacingwordsorphrasesinthetargettextwithmoreappropriateoraccurateexpressionsForexample,replacingsomewordsorphrasesinEnglishcomparativePowerPointcoursewarewithChineseequivalentstoensureaccuratecommunicationAdaptation-ModifyingthetargettexttomakeitsuitableforaspecificcontextoraudienceForexample,modifyingsomeexpressionsinEnglishcomparativePowerPointcoursewaretosuitdifferentteachingcontextsorstudentneedsCHAPTER04Comparativeusageandprecautions01Comparativelevelistheintermediatelevelbetweenelementaryandadvancedlevels,whichissuitableforstudentswhohavemasteredthebasicknowledgeofEnglishandwanttofurtherimprovetheirEnglishability02Atthislevel,studentsshouldfocusonimprovingtheirlistening,speaking,readingandwritingskills,andgraduallycultivatetheirabilitytouseEnglishinreallifeandacademiccontexts03Inthecomparativelevelcourseware,therewillbeavariationofinteractiveexercisesandtaskstohelpstudentsconsolidateandapplytheirknowledgeBasicusageofcomparativelevelPayattentiontothequantityandqualityofpractice:Studentsshouldensurethattheyhaveenoughpracticeinquantityandquality,andconsistentlychallengethemselvestoimprovetheirEnglishabilityPayattentiontothebalanceofallskills:Althoughlistening,speaking,readingandwritingskillsareequallyimportant,studentsshouldnotsingleanyofthemTheyshouldallocatetimeandenergyequallytoallskillstoensurethattheycanbebalancedandcoordinatedPayattentiontotheauthenticityofthematerials:Studentsshouldchooseauthenticmaterials,suchasrealnews,novels,academicarticles,tohelpthemimprovetheirEnglishabilitymoreeffectivelyComparisonlevelprecautionsOveremphasizingoneskillSomestudentsmayfocustoomuchononeskill,suchaslisteningorreading,andsingleotherskillsThiswillleadtobalanceintheirEnglishabilityIgnoringtheauthenticityofmaterialsSomestudentsmaychooselowlevelornonauthenticmaterials,whichwillnothelpthemimprovetheirEnglishabilityeffectivelyEffectivepracticeSomestudentsmaynothaveenoughpracticeinquantityandquality,whichwillaffecttheirEnglishabilityimprovementCommonerrorsincomparativelevelCHAPTER05Comparativeexercisesandconsolidation010203ReadingcomparisonProvideaseriesofreadingmaterialswithsimilarthemesortopics,andaskstudentstocompareandcontrastthedifferencesandsimilaritiesinvocabulary,grammar,andpresencestructureVocabularymatchingCreatealistofwordsorphrasesandaskstudentstomatchthemwiththeirclosedsynonymsorantonyms,dependingonthecomparativeformrequiredSentencecompletionProvideincompleteintentionsandaskstudentstocompletethemusingthecomparativeformofthewordorphraserequiredComparativelevelindividualexercisesComparativeparagraphwriting01Provideatopicandaskstudentstowriteaparagraphcomparingtwothings,focusingonthedifferencesandsimilaritiesintheircharacteristicsorfeaturesComparativeessaywriting02