《物流信息技術（中英雙語）》課件-3.EDI技術

物流信息技術LogisticsInformationTechnology3.1EDI認知EDICognition任務導入KnowledgeIntroduction中遠集裝箱“基于SOA(面向服務的構架)的國內業(yè)務流程整合”COSCOContainer's"DomesticBusinessProcessIntegrationBasedonSOA(ServiceOrientedArchitecture)"任務導入KnowledgeIntroduction對于中遠集裝運輸有限公司來說，由于行業(yè)的特點，在實施SOA前，COSCON（中遠集裝箱運輸有限公司）總共擁有按照不同國家和不同進出口業(yè)務的要求劃分的21大類EDI應用系統(tǒng)。ForCOSCOContainerTransportCo.,Ltd.,duetothecharacteristicsoftheindustry,beforeimplementingSOA,COSCONhadatotalof21categoriesofEDIapplicationsystemsclassifiedaccordingtotherequirementsofdifferentcountriesandimportandexportbusinesses.任務導入KnowledgeIntroductionEDI應用系統(tǒng)EDIApplicationsystem擁有不同版本，運行在不同的操作系統(tǒng)和硬件平臺之上，形成了彼此孤立、各自為政的小系統(tǒng)群。Havedifferentversionsandrunondifferentoperatingsystemsandhardwareplatforms,formingisolatedandindependentsmallsystemclustersCOSCONEDI系統(tǒng)的日常運維成本高，開發(fā)效率低，響應速度慢。Highdailyoperationandmaintenancecosts,lowdevelopmentefficiency,andslowresponsespeedoftheCOSCONEDIsystem.任務導入KnowledgeIntroduction同供應商、大客戶和海關間在國內關鍵業(yè)務流程整合Integrationofkeybusinessprocesseswithsuppliers,majorcustomers,andcustomsinChina.SOA任務導入KnowledgeIntroduction如今，COSCON僅需要一個系統(tǒng)、三臺服務器就可以滿足整個國內業(yè)務EDI的需求，大大節(jié)省了人力、物力與成本，提高了工作效率與響應速度。Nowadays,COSCONonlyneedsonesystemandthreeserverstomeettheEDIneedsoftheentiredomesticbusiness,greatlysavingmanpower,materialresources,andcosts,andimprovingworkefficiencyandresponsespeed.EDI概念ConceptofEDIEDI全稱ElectronicDataInterchange，譯名：電子數(shù)據(jù)交換。是由國際標準化組織（ISO）推出使用的國際標準，是指一種為商業(yè)或行政事務處理，按照一個公認的標準，形成結構化的事務處理或消息報文格式，從計算機到計算機的電子傳輸方法，也就是計算機可識別的商業(yè)語言。KnownasElectronicDataInterchange.ItisaninternationalstandardintroducedandusedbytheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO).Itreferstoanelectronictransmissionmethodfromcomputertocomputerthatformsastructuredtransactionprocessingormessagemessageformatforcommercialoradministrativetransactionprocessingaccordingtoarecognizedstandard,whichisacomputerrecognizedbusinesslanguage.資料用統(tǒng)一的標準Useuniformstandardsfordata用電信號傳遞信息Usingelectricalsignalstotransmitinformation計算機系統(tǒng)間連接TheconnectionbetweencomputersystemsEDI概念ConceptofEDIEDI作用FunctionofEDI貿易無紙化，減少工作錯誤，節(jié)約成本。Tradepaperless,reduceworkerrors,savecosts.EDI取代紙面貿易，采用EDI僅就節(jié)約紙張成本消耗方面，就可取得可觀的效益。EDIreplacespapertrade,andadoptingEDIcanonlysavepapercostsandachievesignificantbenefits.使用EDI大大提高單證傳遞速度，減少單證傳遞環(huán)節(jié)，減少單證交換手續(xù)，使單證數(shù)據(jù)可瞬間在不同地區(qū)和國家完成全部傳遞過程，同時提高了結匯安全，縮短和減少了結匯清算時間，加速了資金周轉，提高了企業(yè)競爭力。TheuseofEDIgreatlyimprovesthetransmissionspeedofdocuments,reducesthetransmissionprocessofdocuments,andreducestheexchangeproceduresofdocuments,variousdocumentdatacanbeinstantlytransmittedindifferentregionsandcountries,whileimprovingthesecurityofforeignexchangesettlement,shorteningandreducingthetimeforsettlementandsettlement,acceleratingtheturnoveroffunds,andimprovingthecompetitivenessofenterprises.信息傳遞快，可靠性強，提高了企業(yè)的競爭力。Fastinformationtransmission,strongreliability,improvethecompetitivenessofenterprisesEDI作用FunctionofEDI減少和降低了與書面有關聯(lián)的任務、文檔的發(fā)遞和檢驗等行政管理工作。使用EDI后，合作伙伴間建立了更好、更密切的關系，EDI可以使企業(yè)內部運作過程更加合理化，使貿易變成沒有輸家的過程。Reduceadministrativemanagementtasksrelatedtowriting,documentdelivery,andinspection.AfterusingEDI,betterandcloserrelationshipsareestablishedbetweenpartners.EDIcanstreamlinetheinternaloperationprocessofenterprisesandmaketradeaprocesswithoutlosers.拓展業(yè)務空間，獲得更多的交易機會。

Expandbusinessspaceandgetmoretradingopportunities.EDI作用FunctionofEDIEDI數(shù)據(jù)傳輸過程DataTransmissionProcessofEDI第一步：數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)通過一個翻譯軟件轉換成字符型的標準貿易單證。Step1:Thedatainthedatabaseisconvertedintocharacterbasedstandardtradedocumentsthroughatranslationsoftware.WANorInternet發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫SenderDatabase發(fā)送方SenderEDI軟件EDISoftware標準EDI報文StandardEDIMessage接收方Receiver接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫ReceiverDatabaseEDI軟件EDISoftware標準EDI報文StandardEDIMessage單證數(shù)據(jù)Document

data單證數(shù)據(jù)Document

dataEDI數(shù)據(jù)傳輸過程DataTransmissionProcessofEDI第二步：通過網(wǎng)絡傳遞給交易對象的計算機。Step2:Transfertothetradingpartner'scomputerthroughthenetwork.WANorInternet發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫SenderDatabase發(fā)送方SenderEDI軟件EDISoftware標準EDI報文StandardEDIMessage接收方Receiver接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫ReceiverDatabaseEDI軟件EDISoftware標準EDI報文StandardEDIMessage單證數(shù)據(jù)Document

data單證數(shù)據(jù)Document

dataEDI數(shù)據(jù)傳輸過程DataTransmissionProcessofEDI第三步：交易對象的計算機通過翻譯器將標準的單證轉換成本企業(yè)內部的數(shù)據(jù)格式，存儲數(shù)據(jù)庫。Step3:Thetradingpartner'scomputerusesatranslatortoconvertstandarddocumentsintointernaldataformatswithintheenterpriseandstoretheminadatabase.WANorInternet發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫SenderDatabase發(fā)送方SenderEDI軟件EDISoftware標準EDI報文StandardEDIMessage接收方Receiver接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫ReceiverDatabaseEDI軟件EDISoftware標準EDI報文StandardEDIMessage單證數(shù)據(jù)Document

data單證數(shù)據(jù)Document

data電子商務和EDI的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系TheDifferenceandConnectionBetweenElectronicCommerceandEDI技術TechnologyEDI是建立在一定數(shù)量企業(yè)間專用的增值網(wǎng)上的一種貿易方式；EDIisatrademethodestablishedonadedicatedvalue-addednetworkbetweenacertainnumberofenterprises;電子商務則是建立在Internet、Intranet等網(wǎng)絡基礎上的一種貿易方式。E-commerceisatrademethodbasedonnetworkssuchastheInternetandIntranet.電子商務和EDI的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系TheDifferenceandConnectionBetweenElectronicCommerceandEDI關鍵和著重點KeyandimportantpointsEDI是注重數(shù)據(jù)的標準化，為的是實現(xiàn)業(yè)務過程的自動化EDIfocusesondatastandardizationtoachieveautomationofbusinessprocesses;電子商務注重經(jīng)濟活動中的電子化和網(wǎng)絡化，目的在于解除經(jīng)濟活動中時間和空間對人們的限制，以促進經(jīng)濟活動開展。E-commercefocusesonthedigitizationandnetworkingofeconomicactivities,withtheaimofliftingtheconstraintsoftimeandspaceonpeople,inordertopromotethedevelopmentofeconomicactivities.電子商務和EDI的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系TheDifferenceandConnectionBetweenElectronicCommerceandEDI應用領域和角度ApplicationfieldandAngleEDI一般是發(fā)生在企業(yè)與企業(yè)之間；EDIgenerallyoccursbetweenenterprises;電子商務涉及更廣泛的領域（B2B，B2C，B2G等）。E-commerceinvolvesawiderrangeoffields(B2B,B2C,B2G,etc.).電子商務與EDI的聯(lián)系Theconnectionbetweene-commerceandEDI電子商務和EDI的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系TheDifferenceandConnectionBetweenElectronicCommerceandEDIEDI是早期的電子商務；EDIwasanearlyformofe-commerce;EDI與電子商務的結合是當代電子商務的重要方式，EDI是電子商務的組成部分，是企業(yè)對企業(yè)電子商務的基礎；ThecombinationofEDIande-commerceisanimportantwayofcontemporarye-commerce.EDIisacomponentofe-commerceandthefoundationofenterprisetoenterprisee-commerce;電子商務與EDI的聯(lián)系Theconnectionbetweene-commerceandEDI電子商務和EDI的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系TheDifferenceandConnectionBetweenElectronicCommerceandEDI電子商務包含EDI，EDI是實現(xiàn)電子商務的核心技術；E-commerceincludesEDI,whichisthecoretechnologyforachievinge-commerce;電子商務是EDI發(fā)展的必然趨勢。E-commerceisaninevitabletrendinthedevelopmentofEDI.3.2

EDI技術在物流中的應用ApplicationofEDITechnologyinLogistics任務導入KnowledgeIntroduction短襪采購Socksprocurement沃爾瑪WalMart任務導入KnowledgeIntroduction沃爾瑪?shù)亩桃m采購員每天兩次通過一個電子數(shù)據(jù)交換系統(tǒng)發(fā)送電子文件，告訴供應商所需短襪的數(shù)量和樣式。WalMart'ssockspurchaserssendelectronicfilesthroughanelectronicdataexchangesystemtwiceadaytoinformsuppliersofthequantityandtypeofsocksneeded.供應商利用掛著modem的計算機接收數(shù)據(jù)，一天要花6小時。Suppliersusecomputerswithmodemsattachedtoreceivedata,whichtakes6hoursaday.任務導入KnowledgeIntroduction沃爾瑪決定廢掉這個數(shù)據(jù)包傳輸技術。該技術只能通過速度大受限制的modem和昂貴的長途電話線來傳輸。如果選第三方供應商提供的所謂增值網(wǎng)絡，則同樣昂貴。WalMartdecidedtoabolishthepackettransmissiontechnology.Thistechnologycanonlybetransmittedthroughspeedlimitedmodemsandexpensivelong-distancetelephonelines.Ifwechoosetheso-calledvalue-addednetworkprovidedbythird-partysuppliers,itwillalsobeexpensive.任務導入KnowledgeIntroduction沃爾瑪選擇了IBM為供應商建立基于Web的更加經(jīng)濟快捷的、安全可靠的EDI系統(tǒng)。數(shù)千家國內外供應商能夠更快速、經(jīng)濟、安全、可靠地交換諸如采購定單、發(fā)票和預先發(fā)貨通知等重要數(shù)據(jù)，使得沃爾瑪?shù)倪\營效率大大提高，效益明顯增加。WalMartchoseIBMtobuildamorecost-effective,secureandreliableEDIsystembasedontheWebforitssuppliers.Thousandsofdomesticandforeignsupplierscanexchangeimportantdatasuchaspurchaseorders,invoicesandadvancedeliverynoticesmorequickly,economically,safelyandreliably,whichgreatlyimprovesWalMart'soperationalefficiencyandbenefits.物流EDI概念ConceptofLogisticsEDIEDI（LogisticEDI）貨主、承運業(yè)主以及其他的單位之間，通過EDI系統(tǒng)進行物流數(shù)據(jù)交換，以此為基礎實施物流業(yè)務活動。Logisticsbusinessactivitiesareimplementedbasedontheexchangeoflogisticsdatabetweenshippers,carrierowners,andotherunitsthroughtheEDIsystem.物流EDI框架結構FrameworkStructureofLogisticsEDIEDI（電子數(shù)據(jù)交換）EDI(ElectronicDataInterchange)承運業(yè)主（如獨立的物流承運企業(yè)）Carrierowner(suchasindependentlogisticscarriers)貨物業(yè)主（如生產(chǎn)廠家、貿易商等）Ownersofgoods(suchasmanufacturers,traders,etc.)協(xié)助單位（如政府有關部門、金融保險）Assistanceunit(suchasrelevantgovernmentdepartments,financeandinsurance）實際運送單位的交通運輸企業(yè)（如鐵路、水運、航空、公路）Thetransportationenterpriseoftheactualtransportationunit(suchasrailway,watertransportation,aviation,road）其他的物流相關單位（如倉儲業(yè)者、專業(yè)報關業(yè)者）Otherlogisticsrelatedunits(suchaswarehouseoperators,professionalcustomsbrokers物流EDI中信息的流通方式TheWayofInformationCirculationinLogisticsEDI手工條件下，物流單證的傳遞方式：操作人員首先使用打印機將企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)庫中存放的各種物流數(shù)據(jù)打印出來，形成物流單證。Undermanualconditions,thetransmissionmethodoflogisticsdocuments:Theoperatorfirstusesaprintertoprintoutvariouslogisticsdatastoredintheenterprisedatabase,formingthelogisticsdocuments.然后以郵件或傳真的方式發(fā)送給生意伙伴，交易伙伴收到單證后，再有人工錄入人員錄入到數(shù)據(jù)庫中，以便各個部門共享。Then,itissenttothebusinesspartnerbyemailorfax.Afterthetransactionpartnerreceivesthedocuments,theyaremanuallyenteredintothedatabasebypersonnelforsharingamongvariousdepartments.重復輸入數(shù)據(jù)工作量大、效率低、容易出差錯。Repeatedinputofdatainvolvesalargeworkload,lowefficiency,andispronetoerrors.EDI條件下，交易雙方通過翻譯器、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的實時傳輸和更新，實現(xiàn)高效率。UnderEDIconditions,bothpartiesofthetransactionachievereal-timedatatransmissionandupdatethroughtranslatorsandtheinternet,achievinghighefficiency.物流EDI中信息的流通方式TheWayofInformationCirculationinLogisticsEDI物流EDI中信息的流通方式TheWayofInformationCirculationinLogisticsEDIWANorInternet發(fā)送方數(shù)據(jù)庫SenderDatabase發(fā)送方SenderEDI軟件EDISoftware標準EDI報文StandardEDIMessage接收方Receiver接收方數(shù)據(jù)庫ReceiverDatabaseEDI軟件EDISoftware標準EDI報文StandardEDIMessage單證數(shù)據(jù)Document

data單證數(shù)據(jù)Document

data數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)通過翻譯器轉化成標準單證，標準單證通過網(wǎng)絡再傳輸給我們的交易伙伴，交易伙伴收到這些信息后，通過翻譯器翻譯成本企業(yè)內部能夠識讀的數(shù)據(jù)。Thedatainthedatabaseisconvertedintostandarddocumentsthroughtranslators,whicharethentransmittedtoourtradingpartnersthroughthenetwork.Afterreceivingthisinformation,tradingpartnersusetranslatorstotranslatedatathatcanbereadinternallybytheenterprise.物流EDI中信息的流通方式TheWayofInformationCirculationinLogisticsEDI應用EDI技術的物流作業(yè)的優(yōu)點AdvantagesofLogisticsOperationsUsingEDITechnology反映一個服務商是否能及時滿足顧客服務需求的能力。物流系統(tǒng)快速響應顧客需求，最低限度地減少顧客的重復性工作，最大限度地滿足顧客的服務需求，進而提高整個物流系統(tǒng)的服務質量。Reflecttheabilityofaserviceprovidertomeetcustomerserviceneedsinatimelymanner.Thelogisticssystemquicklyrespondstocustomerneeds,minimizesrepetitiveworkfromcustomers,maximizescustomerserviceneeds,andtherebyimprovestheservicequalityoftheentirelogisticssystem.快速響應Rapidresponse應用EDI技術的物流作業(yè)的優(yōu)點AdvantagesofLogisticsOperationsUsingEDITechnology物流系統(tǒng)內部以及貨主、承運人、收貨人等相關系統(tǒng)之間的信息交換和商業(yè)交易活動無不與通暢的信息緊密聯(lián)系，應用EDI技術能夠實現(xiàn)暢通的信息交換。Theinformationexchangeandcommercialtransactionswithinthelogisticssystem,aswellasbetweenrelevantsystemssuchasshippers,carriers,andreceivers,arecloselyrelatedtosmoothinformationexchange.TheapplicationofEDItechnologycanachievesmoothinformationexchange.保持物流系統(tǒng)信息聯(lián)系暢通

Maintainsmoothcommunicationoflogisticssysteminformation應用EDI技術的物流作業(yè)的優(yōu)點AdvantagesofLogisticsOperationsUsingEDITechnology物流系統(tǒng)內各機構應用EDI技術進行信息交換，能保證信息的完整、充分、及時，實現(xiàn)信息的最小變異。TheapplicationofEDItechnologyforinformationexchangeamongvariousinstitutionswithinthelogisticssystemcanensurethecompleteness,sufficiency,andtimelinessofinformation,andachievetheminimumvariationofinformation.物流信息的完整與最小變異性

Thecompletenessandminimumvariabilityoflogisticsinformation變異Variation破壞系統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)任何意想不到的事件，可以產(chǎn)生一個領域，如到貨時間延遲、貨物損壞、貨物交付地點不正確等，減少變異的可能性關系到物流系統(tǒng)的信息傳遞是否真確。Anyunexpectedeventthatdisruptstheperformanceofthesystemcangenerateadomain,suchasdelayedarrivaltime,damagedgoods,incorrectdeliverylocation,etc.Reducingthepossibilityofvariationisrelatedtotheaccuracyofinformationtransmissioninthelogisticssystem.應用EDI技術的物流作業(yè)的優(yōu)點AdvantagesofLogisticsOperationsUsingEDITechnology應用EDI技術的物流作業(yè)的優(yōu)點AdvantagesofLogisticsOperationsUsingEDITechnology物流系統(tǒng)運用EDI技術使用電子文書進行內部及外部的標準化信息傳輸，從而降低了人工輸入的次數(shù)及錯誤。ThelogisticssystemutilizesEDItechnologytouseelectronicdocumentsforinternalandexternalstandardizedinformationtransmission,therebyreducingthenumberofmanualinputsanderrors.由于EDI利用網(wǎng)絡來傳輸數(shù)據(jù)，而網(wǎng)絡的互聯(lián)性可以將原料組織、生產(chǎn)、銷售、運輸、裝卸以及庫存控制等物流行業(yè)的各個環(huán)節(jié)緊密銜接起來，客觀上形成一個動態(tài)的、實時的物流行業(yè)信息網(wǎng)絡化調控系。Duetotheuseofnetworksb