《中西文化比較（英文版）（第2版）》unit 4 The Chinese and Western Festival

中西文化比較TheComparisonbetweenChineseandWesternCulture

Unit4TheChineseandWestern

FestivalBackgroundChinahasaprofoundculturewithrichanddiversetraditionalfestivals.ChineseFestivalsarecelebratedaccordingtoChineselunarcalendarorChineseagriculturecalendar.Allthefestivalsarecelebratedforgoodwishes,happiness,health,luck,wealth,andmostimportantly,familyreunion.Westernerscelebratelotsofholidayswhichreflectthehistorical,socialandculturaldiversityoftheirnationthroughouttheyear.Someholidaysarecelebratednationwide,whileotherholidaysarebasedonlocaltraditionwhichmirrorsthevarietyofexperienceindifferentregions.VocabularyExtensionTextA

Notes1.commemoratev.

torememberofficiallyandgiverespecttoagreatpersonorevent,especiallybyapublicceremonyorbymakingastatueorspecialbuilding①AstatuewasmadetocommemoratehighlyesteemedQuyuan.

為了紀(jì)念受人敬仰的屈原，人們?yōu)樗麡淞⒘艘蛔裣?。②TocommemorateQuyuan,ourschoolheldaspeechcontestonthethemeof

“LoveandSacrifice”.為了紀(jì)念屈原，學(xué)校舉辦了題為“愛與奉獻(xiàn)”的演講比賽。TextA

Notes2.dispelv.toremovefears,doubts,andfalseideasusuallybyprovingthemwrongorunnecessary①AccordingtotraditionalChinesemedicine,drinkinghotgingerteacandispel

coldnessinone’sbody.根據(jù)中醫(yī)理論，喝熱姜茶能夠驅(qū)除體內(nèi)寒氣。②AforeignerwillbedispelledfromChinaifhecommitscrimes.外國(guó)人如果在中國(guó)犯罪，將被驅(qū)逐出境。

TextA

Notes3.esteemn./v.torespectsomebodyorhavegoodopinionofthemself-esteem自尊①Herjobwashighlyesteemedbyalltheteammembers.

她的工作受到全部組員的高度認(rèn)可。②Sometimesawrongdeedsofapersonwilldropthepublicesteemofa

groupofpeople.有時(shí)候一個(gè)人的錯(cuò)誤行為就能降低人們對(duì)一個(gè)群體的尊重程度。TextA

Notes4.conquerv.①totake

controlorpossessionof

foreignlandinthetext.②todealwithorsuccessfullyfightagainstaproblemoranunreasonablefear.①Natureisnottobeconquered,buttobelivedwithinharmony.我們不要去征服自然，而應(yīng)與自然和諧共生。②TheNormansconqueredEnglandin1066.1066年，諾曼人征服了英國(guó)。TextA

Notes5.paddlern.

apersontravellinginandcontrollingacanoeinthetext①Therewillbenosuccessinthematchwithoutthefullcooperationofpaddlers

andeveryotheroneontheboat.沒有所有隊(duì)員的通力合作就沒有比賽的成功。②Thestrongandrhythmicdrumbeatscansetthepaceforthepaddlers.強(qiáng)壯而富有節(jié)奏的鼓聲會(huì)給槳手設(shè)定一種劃船的節(jié)奏。TextA

Notes6.hulln.thebodyorframeofaship,mostofwhichgoesunderwater①Thehullisdecoratedwithred,greenandbluescalesedgedingold.船身上裝飾著紅色、綠色和藍(lán)色的魚鱗圖案，圖案四周描著金色線條。

②Henoticedthatagreatpartofthehullhasbeenemergedinthewaterdueto

theheavygoods.他注意到，由于貨物的重量，船身已經(jīng)有大半沒入水中。TextA

Notes7.

glutinousadj.

stickyoftenreferstofood①Stickyfoodsarefavoredbymanypeople,whileitisnotgoodtoeata

lot,especiallyforelderpeoplewhohaveweakdigestiveability.很多人都喜歡黏食，但是吃太多不好，尤其消化能力較弱的老人

必能多吃。②Thisareaisthehomeoftopqualityglutinousrice.這一地區(qū)出產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的黏米。TextA

Notes8.

tetrahedraladj.

ofatetrahedral①TheshapesofzongzirangefrombeingapproximatelytetrahedralinsouthernChinato

anelongatedconeinnorthernChina.粽子的形狀多樣，有南方的四面體形的，也有北方較長(zhǎng)的錐形的。②Thistoyofirregulartetrahedronshapeattractedlotsofattentionofthevisitors.這個(gè)不規(guī)則四面體形狀的玩具吸引了很多游客的注意。TextA

Notes9.elongatedadj.

①Theelongateddonkeyfacelooksquitefunny.

這張加長(zhǎng)了的驢臉看起來非常搞笑。longerandthinnerthanusual②Whentakingphotos,manygirlsfavoranangle

whichcanshowelongatedlegs.拍照的時(shí)候，很多女孩子都找能把自己拍成

大長(zhǎng)腿的角度。TextA

Notes10.

calamusn.akindofreed①DuringDragonBoatFestival,bothcalamusandwormwoodarehangedondoors.端午節(jié)的時(shí)候，人們?cè)陂T上懸掛蒲草或者艾蒿。②CalamusisaChineseherb.蒲草是一種中草藥材。TextA

KeySentences1.Itisafolkfestivalwidelypasseddownwithahistoryofover2,000yearsandisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsaswell.passdown流傳傳遞①

Manyfolkstorieshavebeenpasseddownjustbyverballanguageanditisagreat

pityifwedonotrecordthemforlatergenerations.②

Hisparentshopethathecanpassthisfamilytradedownandmakeitbetter.TextA

KeySentences2.

OriginatedfromtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,zongzihadreallydevelopedintoafestivalfoodduringtheWarringStatesPeriodwhenthegreatpoetQuYuancommittedsuicide.commitsuicide自殺---tokilloneselfcommitcrimes---犯罪commitoneself---表態(tài)TextA

KeySentences3.OthercommonactivitiesoftheDragonBoatFestivalincludehangingcalamusandwormwoodondoorsorwindows,wearingafive-colorstring,hangingtheiconofZhongkui,wearingperfumepouchesanddrinkingrealgarwine.Culturaltip:端午節(jié)的其他活動(dòng)還包括在門上懸掛蒲草和艾蒿、系五彩線、貼鐘馗像、佩戴香囊以及喝雄黃酒。五彩線要在過完端午節(jié)的第一個(gè)雨天摘下，扔到水坑里面，這樣會(huì)讓自己擁有好運(yùn)氣。TextAI.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish.1.ListsomefamousChinesefestivalsandtheircelebration.①TheSpringFestivaliscelebratedforfifteendaystoblessgoodwishesandhealthyyearforrelativesandfriends.ThesecelebrationsalwaysincludeNewYear’sfeast,settingofffireworks,givingluckymoney,payingaNewYearvisit,pastingcharacter“Fu”orGodofWealthonthedoorandgoingtotemplefair.②TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstmonthofChineselunaryear.Eatingsweetstickyricedumplings,enjoyinglanternsandguessingriddlesarefolkcustomsontheday.③TheDoubleNinthisobservedontheninthdayoftheninthmonthin

Chinesecalendar.Normally,toprotectagainstdanger,itiscustomarytoclimbahighmountain,drinkchrysanthemumliquorandwearthezhuyuplant.Besides,someChinesealsovisitthegravesoftheirancestorstoshowtheirrespect.TextA2.WriteashortpassageaboutthestoryofatraditionalChinesefestival.

InthelateYuanDynasty,ZhuYuanzhangwantedtoorganizeanuprising,butitwasdifficulttopassmessages.ThecounselorLiuBowencameupwithanideaofhidingnoteswith“uprisingonthenightofAugust15th”inmooncakesandtheuprisingturnedtobesuccessful.Sincethen,eatingmooncakeshasbeenacustomontheMid-AutumnFestival.TextA3.Whatistheroleoffestivalinreflectinglocalculture?

Asculturalphenomena,festivalsareacombinationofreligiousceremoniesandsemi-ritualspectacles,involvingworship,prayer,processionsandothertraditions.Theycreatetheperfectsettingforpeopletoknowaboutandsoakinthelocalcultureofacountryoraregionandinteractwithitspeople.TextAII.ExplainthefollowingwordsandexpressionsinEnglish.1.dragonboat

A

dragonboat

isa

human-poweredwatercraft.Theyweretraditionallymadeinthe

PearlRiverDelta

regionof

China’ssouthernGuangdongProvinceoutof

teak

woodtovariousdesignsandsizes.

Dragonboatsarethebasisoftheteam

paddling

sportofdragonboatracing,awatersportwhichhasitsrootsinanancientfolkritualofcontendingvillagers.TextA2.lunarcalendar

A

lunarcalendar

isa

calendar

thatisbasedoncyclesofthe

lunarphases.Thiscanbecontrastedwiththe

Gregoriancalendar,whichisasolarcalendar

basedontherevolutionoftheeartharoundthesun.Becausethereareslightlymorethantwelvelunationsinasolaryear,theperiodoftwelvelunarmonthsissometimesreferredtoasa

lunaryear.TextA3.LiSao

LiSaowrittenbyQuYuan

isapoem

ofancientChina.

Inhisfamouspoem,QuYuanmanifestshimselfinapoeticcharacter.LiSaoisamajorlandmarkinthetraditionof

classicalChinesepoetry.TextA4.theWarringStatesPeriod

The

WarringStatesPeriod

wasanerain

ancientChinesehistoryfollowingthe

SpringandAutumnPeriodandconcludingwiththe

conquestoftheQin’scombiningallothercontenderstates,whichultimatelyledtotheQinstate’svictoryin221BCasthefirstunified

Chineseempire

knownastheQinDynasty.TextA5.realgarwine

RealgarwineisaChinesealcoholicdrinkwhichconsistsofChinesecerealwinedosedwithpowderedrealgar.Itisaverypopularpracticetodrinkrealgarwineaspartofthe

DragonBoatFestival

insummer.Thisisfor

protection

fromevilanddiseasefortherestoftheyear.TextAIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextAIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextAIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.

猜燈謎是元宵節(jié)的一項(xiàng)重要活動(dòng)?；舻闹魅藭?huì)將謎面寫在紙上，并貼在燈籠上。如果有人可以猜中，就能得到小小的禮物。因?yàn)椴聼糁i能啟迪智慧又富有趣味，所以深受社會(huì)各階層的歡迎。1.GuessinglanternriddlesisanessentialactivityoftheLanternFestival.Lanternownerswriteriddlesonapieceofpaperandpostthemonthelanterns.Ifvisitorshavecorrectsolutionstotheriddles,theywillgetalittlegift.Asriddlesolvingisinterestingandfullofwisdom,ithasbecomepopularamongallsocialstrata.TextA2.顧名思義，冬至是“冬天到來”的意思。這是中國(guó)農(nóng)歷中一個(gè)非常重要的節(jié)氣，也是中華民族的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，也稱“冬節(jié)”。冬至一般是在公歷12月21日至23日之間。2.Wintersolstice,asthenameimplies,meansthecomingofwinter.AsanimportantsolarterminthetraditionalChinesecalendar,itisalsoatraditionalholidayforChinese,whichisalsocalled“dongjie”.Generally,wintersolsticeoccursbetweenDecember21st

and23rd.TextB

Notes1.witchn.awomanwhoisbelievedtohavemagicalpowersandwhousesthemtoharmorhelpotherbewitchv.

詛咒蠱惑①Witchesarebelievedtoridebroomsticksandcancastcursesonpeople

whohaveoffendedthem.人們認(rèn)為女巫都騎著掃帚，如果有誰冒犯了她們，她們就會(huì)發(fā)出詛咒。②Thebewitchedmonsterchangedintoahandsomeprincessimmediately

afterthegirl’stearsdroppedontherose.女孩的眼淚滴落到玫瑰花上，被施了詛咒的野獸旋即變成了帥氣的王子。TextB

Notes2.feastn.aspecialmealwithverygoodfoodoralargemealformanypeople①TheSpringFestivalfeastislovedbyChinesepeoplenotonlybecauseitis

deliciousbutalsoitenrichesthefestivalatmospherebypresentingthevarious

colorsandflavorsofthedishes.中國(guó)人熱愛春節(jié)的大餐不僅是因?yàn)槊牢?，還因?yàn)檫@頓大餐色彩艷麗風(fēng)味多

樣，豐富了節(jié)日的氛圍。②TheopeningceremonyofBeijingWinterOlympic2022isavisualfeast.2022北京冬奧會(huì)開幕式是一場(chǎng)視覺盛宴。TextB

Notes3.ornamentn.anobjectmainlyfordecoratingpurpose①OrnamentsonaChristmastreeoftenincludestars,snowflakes,candycanes,little

toys,bellsandcoloredlightsandballs.星星、雪花、拐棍糖、小玩具以及彩燈和彩球都常常是圣誕樹上的裝飾物。②Nomatterwhatornamentsyouwear,whatreallyshinesisyourpersonalityand

capability.無論你身上有什么樣的裝飾物，真正能熠熠閃光的是你的個(gè)性和能力。TextB

Notes4.televisev.toshoworbroadcastontelevision①M(fèi)anyprogramsaboutChinesegeography,food,andcustomandtraditionare

televisedbyCCTV.

中央電視臺(tái)播放很多關(guān)于中國(guó)地理、食物以及習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)等方面的節(jié)目。②ThecelebrationwillbetelevisedbylocalTVstation.當(dāng)?shù)仉娨暸_(tái)將會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)播這次慶?；顒?dòng)。TextB

Notes5.resolutionn.

promisestopeoplethemselvesthattheywillimprovesomethingintheirownlivesJane:Whatnewyearresolutiondidyoumake?David:IhopeIcanhavebettergradesinthenewyear.WhataboutyouJane?Jane:Iwanttobeprettierandmoredisciplined.TextB

Notes6.inspirev.①togivesomebodyanideaforabook,a

designorsomeproduct②tomakesomeonefeelthattheywantto

dosomethingandcandoitinspirationn.鼓勵(lì)，鼓舞①Hetoldmethatwalkinginthewildernesscanalwaysgivehim

inspirationforanewpainting.他告訴我到曠野里走一走總能給他靈感而創(chuàng)作出新的畫作。②Youinspiredmeandmademefeellifeisworthliving.是你激勵(lì)了我，讓我感到生命值得。TextB

Notes7.championshipn.

①high-levelcompetitiontodecide

whoisthebest,especiallyinasport②thepositionofbeingachampion①Shehas

held

thechampionshipforthepastthree

years.過去三年，她始終占有冠軍的寶座。②HeonceparticipatedtheBritishDivingChampionship.他曾參加過英國(guó)跳水錦標(biāo)賽。TextB

Notes8.groundhogn.

asmallanimalwithshortlegsandrough,reddish-brownfurthatlivesinNorthAmerica①Isitlegaltokeepgroundhogsaspets?個(gè)人飼養(yǎng)土撥鼠作為寵物合法嗎？②GroundhogsarelovelysmallanimalslivinginNorthAmerica.土撥鼠是一種生活在北美的可愛的小動(dòng)物。

TextB

Notes9.burrown.aholeinthegrounddugbyananimalsuchasarabbit,agroundhogetc.①HowwonderfulifIweretheboysleepingwiththelovelyrabbitsin

theirburrow!我要是那個(gè)能和兔子一起睡在洞里的孩子多好啊?、赥hisplaceisdottedwithburrowsofrabbits.這個(gè)地方到處都是兔子洞。TextB

Notes10.hoaxn.adeceivingplanoratrick①SpreadinghoaxesisatraditionalwaytomakefoolsofothersonAprilFool’s

Day,butyouneedsomewisdomtomakethemwork.編織騙局是愚人節(jié)愚弄?jiǎng)e人的傳統(tǒng)做法，不過要讓別人相信是需要一定

智慧的。②Iamimmunetoallhoaxes.想騙我是不可能的。TextB

KeySentences1.Throughouttheyears,therearesomeholidayswhicharemostcommonlyobservedbyAmericans.commonlyobserved普遍慶祝observev.觀察Studentsarerequiredtoobservecarefullywhentheteacherisdoingtheexperiment.TextB

KeySentences2.

Iffailtogetthem,theythreatentodosomeharmtotheinhabitantsofthehouse,whichisknownasplaying“trick-or-treat”.

Halloween’sthemeisscarythingsandsymbolsassociatedwithHalloweenincludeghosts,witches,bats,blackcatsandspiders.threatentodo威脅Thebadguythreatenedtoburnthehouse.trick-or-treat

不招待就使壞associatedwith與……相關(guān)TextB

KeySentences3.DuringChristmasAmericansdecoratetheirhomeswithlights,Christmastreesandornaments.ItiscommontoorganizeaChristmasmeal,whichconsistsofturkeyandfestivefoods,forfamilyorfriendsandexchangegiftswiththem.consistof包括Synonym:include;compriseCulturaltip:在美國(guó)，圣誕節(jié)互送禮物是傳統(tǒng)，天真爛漫的孩子們會(huì)以為圣誕老人給他們帶來各種新奇的玩具或者漂亮的禮物。禮物一般都要打好包裝，系上絲帶，收到禮物的人要當(dāng)面打開禮物，表達(dá)稱贊和感謝。書籍、絲巾、巧克力、帽子等都可以成為很好的禮物。TextBI.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish.1.ListoneortwofamousWesternfestivalsandtheircelebration.BattleofBritainDayisobservedonSeptember15th.ItisanationalholidaythatcommemoratestheanniversaryofthehistoricWorldWarIIairbattlein1940.ThisisoneofthepopularholidaysinEngland.AformalremembranceisobservedatBuckinghamPalace.BastilleDay

isthecommonnametotheFrench

NationalDay,whichiscelebratedonJuly14th.

Itcommemoratesthe

StormingoftheBastille

in1789,

animportanteventinParisinthe

FrenchRevolution.CelebrationsareheldthroughoutFrance.Theoldestandlargestregular

militaryparade

inFranceisheldonthemorningofJuly14th.TextB2.Writeashortpassageaboutthedifferences

betweenChineseQixiFestivalandWesternValentine’sDay.Valentine’sDayfallsonFebruary14theachyear.Peoplebuychocolateorflowers,orexpressloveandappreciationtothepeopleintheirlife,whetherthey’recoworkers,romanticpartners,friends,orfamilymembers.QixifallsonJuly7thaccordingtoChineselunarcalendar,sothedateisvariedeachyear.Itwasmostvaluedbygirlsinthepast.Today,itisstilloneofthemostlovedfestivalsundergoinginnovationbasedontraditionalculture.Redrosesarefavoredbyyoungpeopleasgiftsonthatday.TextB3.WhatarethedifferencesbetweenChineseand

Westernfestivalinorigin?InChina,lotsoffestivalsmainlyoriginatefromseasonsandsolarperiods,whicharecloselyrelatedtoagriculture.TheSpringFestival,theQingmingFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestivalareallexamples.WesternfestivalsnormallyderivefromreligionandtheirrelativeeventssuchasChristmas,soit’sobviousthatWesternfestivalsarecoveredwithastrongcolorofreligion.TextBII.ExplainthefollowingwordsandexpressionsinEnglish.1.Presidents’DayPresidents’Dayisa

federalholiday

celebratedonthethirdMondayofFebruaryinhonorofGeorgeWashington,thefirstPresidentoftheUnitedStates,whowasbornonFebruary22nd1732.TextB2.LaborDayLaborDay

inthe

UnitedStates

isa

publicholiday

whichiscelebratedonthefistMondayinSeptember.Ithonorsthe

Americanlabormovement

andthecontributionsthatworkershavemadetothestrength,prosperity,

laws

andwell-beingofthecountry.

TextB3.MartinLutherKingDayMartinLutherKingDay

isan

Americanfederalholidaymarkingthebirthdayof

MartinLutherKingJr.

ItisobservedonthethirdMondayofJanuaryeachyear,whichisaroundKing’sbirthday.Theholidayissimilartoholidayssetunderthe

UniformMondayHolidayAct.TextB4.Father’sDayFather’sDayiscelebratedonthethirdSundayofJuneintheUS.Inthe1900s,Fathers’DaywascreatedwhenapersoncalledDoddSmartwantedtoexpressherdeepappreciationtoherownfather,WilliamSmart,whowaswidowedandraisedhissixchildrenonaruralfarmineasternWashingtonState.So,in1909,DoddSmartproposedadaytohonorherfatherinJune.TextB5.Mother’sDayMother’sDay

isacelebrationhonoringthe

mother

ofthefamily.TheearliestMother’sDaycelebrationscanbetracedbacktothespringcelebrationsofancientGreeceinhonorofRhea,theMotheroftheGods.IntheUnitedStates,Mother’sDaywasfirstsuggestedin1872byJuliaWardHoweasadaydedicatedtopeace.By1911Mother’sDaywascelebratedinalmosteverystate.TextBIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextBIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextBIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.ThefirstAmericanThanksgivingwascelebratedin1621tocommemoratetheharvestreapedbythePlymouthColonyafteraharshwinter.InthatyearGovernorWilliamBradfordproclaimedadayofthanksgiving.ThecolonistscelebrateditasatraditionalEnglishharvestfeast,towhichtheyinvitedthelocalIndians.1.美國(guó)人慶賀的第一個(gè)感恩節(jié)在1621年，為了紀(jì)念普利茅斯殖民地的人民在經(jīng)過一個(gè)欠收荒蕪的冬季后迎來豐收。在那一年，州長(zhǎng)威廉·布拉德福宣布那天作為感恩節(jié)。殖民者把它當(dāng)成傳統(tǒng)的英國(guó)豐收節(jié)日來慶賀，在當(dāng)天，他們還邀請(qǐng)了當(dāng)?shù)氐挠〉诎踩?。TextB2.Easterhasbeencalledamovablefeastbecauseitdoesn’tfallonasetdayeveryyear,asmostholidaysdo.ChristianchurchesintheWestcelebrateEasteronthefirstSundayfollowingthefullmoonafterthevernalequinoxonMarch21st.2.因?yàn)閺?fù)活節(jié)不是在每年確定的日期來慶祝，所以被人們稱為流動(dòng)的節(jié)日。3月21日春分滿月后的第一個(gè)星期日人們?cè)诮烫脩c祝復(fù)活節(jié)。ChunlianChristmasTreeTextCComparison1TheQixiFestivalValentines’DayTextCComparison2NationalDayIndependenceDayTextCComparison3RedLanternJack-O’-LanternTextCComparison4TeaEggEasterEggTextCComparison5Case

Study

不一樣的德國(guó)“五一”勞動(dòng)節(jié)小陸到德國(guó)做交換生。他聽說德國(guó)的“五一”勞動(dòng)節(jié)與國(guó)內(nèi)的十分不同，因此，在“五一”前一天，他和德國(guó)同學(xué)到一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)體會(huì)不一樣的“五一”勞動(dòng)節(jié)。第二天，鎮(zhèn)中央大街上音樂響起，一支交響樂隊(duì)把鎮(zhèn)上居民吸引到鎮(zhèn)政府所在的中心廣場(chǎng)，慶祝活動(dòng)拉開序幕。廣場(chǎng)上熙熙攘攘，孩子們你追我跑，好不熱鬧。消防隊(duì)給居民們來了一場(chǎng)“消防表演”以展現(xiàn)消防隊(duì)員的高超專業(yè)水平。小陸想到國(guó)內(nèi)Case

Study

“五一”假日，人們通常隨家人或者三五個(gè)朋友涌向各大景點(diǎn)觀光游玩，所到的景點(diǎn)人頭攢動(dòng)，也是熱鬧非凡。不同的是，德國(guó)的小鎮(zhèn)通常在本地慶祝節(jié)日。在廣場(chǎng)上，小陸還看到了一根用綠樹枝和藍(lán)白相間的彩帶扎成的大花環(huán)裝飾的桿子，很多穿著民族服飾的男女青年繞著桿子唱歌跳舞。見小陸很好奇，他的同學(xué)饒有興致地說：“五月一日在德國(guó)不僅是勞動(dòng)節(jié)，還是情人節(jié)！這個(gè)桿子名為‘五月樹’，未婚的男青年立好‘五月樹’，而未婚女青年則把自己的愛情心愿寫下來，掛上去，以期待美好愛情的來臨?！盋ase

Study

分析點(diǎn)評(píng)

中德兩國(guó)在慶?！拔逡弧眲趧?dòng)節(jié)方面存在明顯差異。中國(guó)的“五一”多被強(qiáng)調(diào)為勞動(dòng)人民的節(jié)日。人們或外出游玩，或與朋友相聚，亦或居家休息，過一個(gè)輕松愜意的勞動(dòng)節(jié)。“五月樹”是德國(guó)慶?！拔逡弧钡膫鹘y(tǒng)環(huán)節(jié)。它不僅與愛情有關(guān)，還象征著豐收和生命力。不論何種慶祝形式，都反映了中德兩國(guó)人民對(duì)美好生活的向往。Translation

漢譯英

1.潑水節(jié)

潑水節(jié)(theWater-SplashingFestival)是傣族(theDaiminority)最隆重的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。潑水節(jié)一般于公歷4月中旬開始，持續(xù)3～7天。在傣族的歷法中，潑水節(jié)就是新年。在云南省眾多的少數(shù)民族節(jié)日中，潑水節(jié)影響力最大，參與人數(shù)最多。在潑水節(jié)，傣族人盛裝打扮，帶著清水來到戶外。他們互相潑水，以此帶來好運(yùn)、快樂和健康。被潑的水越多，得到的好運(yùn)就越多，生活也越幸福。傣族人也邀請(qǐng)其他少數(shù)民族和游客共同慶祝潑水節(jié)。Translation

Keys

1.TheWater-SplashingFestivalTheWater-SplashingFestivalisthemostceremonioustraditionalfestivaloftheDaiminority.Itusuallybeginsinmid-Aprilofthesolarcalendar,lasting3to7days.TheWater-SplashingFestivalistheNewYearontheDaiminority’scalendar,andalsoafestivalwiththelargestinfluenceandmaximumparticipatingpopulationamonglotsofminorityfestivalsinYunnanProvince.Duringthisfestival,DaiPeoplewillgetdressedupandcarrycleanwatertotheBuddhisttemple.TheywillfirsttakeashowerfortheBuddhaandthenbegintosplashwateroneachotherforbringinggoodluck,joy,andhealth.Themorewateryouaresplashed,themoreluckyouwillget,andthehappieryouwillbe.DaiPeoplealsoinvitepeoplefromotherethnicminoritiesandtouriststocelebratethefestivaltogether.Translation

Keys

2.元宵節(jié)

元宵節(jié)(theLanternFestival)，又稱上元節(jié)，于每年農(nóng)歷(lunarcalendar)正月十五慶祝。元宵節(jié)之夜也是農(nóng)歷年第一個(gè)滿月之夜，象征著春的回歸，被視為家庭團(tuán)圓的佳期。根據(jù)中國(guó)習(xí)俗，在元宵節(jié)之夜，人們點(diǎn)亮精致的燈籠，外出賞月、猜燈謎、吃元宵，慶賀佳節(jié)。有些地區(qū)還舉行民俗表演，如耍龍燈、舞獅、踩高蹺(stiltwalking)等。元宵節(jié)是中國(guó)重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，已有2000多年的歷史。在國(guó)內(nèi)外，這個(gè)節(jié)日十分受歡迎。Translation

Keys

2.TheLanternFestivalTheLanternFestival,alsoknownastheShangyuanFestival,iscelebratedonJanuary15thontheChineselunarcalendar.ItisthefirstfullmoonnightintheChineseLunarYear,symbolizingthecomingbackofthespring.TheLanternFestivalisdeemedasagooddayforfamilyreunion.AccordingtothecustomofChina,peopleonthatnightcarrynicelanternsandgoouttoappreciatethemoon,lightfireworks,guesslanternriddles,andeatsweetdumplingstocelebratethefestival.Someplacesalsoholdfolkperformancessuchasplayingdragonlanterns,liondance,andstiltwalking.TheLanternFestival,animportanttraditionalChinesefestivalwhichhasbeeninexistenceforover2,000years,isstillverypopularinChinabothathomeandabroad.Translation

英譯漢

1.

Oktoberfest

AsanimportantpartofBavariancu