福建省2022屆高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題含解析

精品Word可修改歡迎下載精品Word可修改歡迎下載精品Word可修改歡迎下載第一學(xué)期半期考高三年英語試卷第I卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題:每小題1.5分,滿分75分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whoiscomingfortea?AMarkB.JohnC.Tracy.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.StayfordinnerB.CatchabusC.Gototherailwaystation3.Whatdoesthemancomefor?A.AmeetingB.AdinnerC.Aparty.4.Whatsizedoesthemanwant?A.39B.35C.95.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.AholidayplanB.WeatherconditionsCLifeinSoutheastAsia.第二節(jié)(塊15小題;每小題15分,滿分225分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6至7題。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Attendingameeting.B.Introducingaperson.C.Givingaspeech7.Whydoesthewomansingsowell?A.SheteachessingingB.Shehasagreatteacher.CSheisyoung聽第7段材料,回答第8至9題。8.WhatisthesecondpresentforJimmy?A.Awatch.B.Acomputer.C.Acar9.WhydoesJimmyfeelhappy?A.He'sgotwhathedreamtof.B.HeliveswithhisparentsC.Hecanhaveabirthdayparty聽第8段材料,回答第10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Theyarefriends.B.Theyarestrangerstoeachother.C.Theyarehusbandandwife.11.Whydoesthewomancometotalkwiththeman?A.Totakeatest.BTogetajob.C.Toseethe.12.Whatdoesthemanmeanbysayingsorry?A.Hedoesn'tneedadesigner.B.Hecanthelpthewoman.C.Hecan'thearthewomanclearly.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisnewtothecompany.B.Shelivesclosetotheoffice.C.Shelikesthebigkitchen.14.Howdoesthemangotowork?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.CBycar.15.WhywasSusanlateforwork?A.Shemissedthebus.B.Hertrainwaslate.C.Hercarbrokedown.16.Whatwillthemandothenextday?A.VisitLilyinherflat.B.Leavehomeearlier.C.Gotoworkbytrain.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Wherecanyoumostprobablyhearthistalk?A.InaclassoftheFrenchlanguage.B.InaclassoftheGreeklanguage.C.InaclassoftheEnglishlanguage.18.HowlongdoestheClasslast?A.13weeks.B.11weeks.C.15weeks.19.Whatis"theshort-cut"tolearnwordsaccordingtothespeakerA.Learninghowwordsareformed.B.Readingbasicwordsaloud.C.Takingmorecourses.20.Whyistheclasspopular?A.It'staughtbyProfessorMorris.B.Ithelpstomastersomeusefulrules.C.Itisnotofferedeachterm第三部分閱讀理解(共2節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AOldComputersMakeforUnhappyWorkersLONDON(Reuters)-----Dealingwiththedissatisfactionofagingandunreliableofficecomputersleadstoworkers,unhappinessandmoresick-leave,asurveyshowedonWednesday.Asurveycarriedoutbycarefree.netofover2,700EuropeanofficeworkersfromtheUK,FranceandGermanyfoundthatworkplacedissatisfactionincreasedgreatlywiththeageofthecomputerequipment.“WedoknowthatjobsatisfactionisfallinginBritainandmostadvancednations,"saidStephenWhite,aresearcherfromtheWorkFoundation.“Theactualreasonsforthisarethesubjectofveryheateddiscussion.It'scertainlyoneinterestingtheorythattechnologymaybethecauseofthisinsomeway,”Whiteadded.AquarterofthoseusingoutdatedcomputersinBritainsaidtheywere"quite"or"verydissatisfied"withtheireverydayjobcomparedto16percentofthosewhohadenjoyedanadvantagefromup-to-datetechnology.Thesurveyalsosaidthatamongworkersdealingwithoutdatedequipment,therewasa35percentgreaterprobabilitytheywouldtakesixormoredaysofsick-leaveperyearcomparedwiththeaverageworker.InFrance,wheremoreworkersuseoldcomputers,theprobabilityjumpedto55percent.Resultsalsoshowedthatwomeninthethreecountriesweremorelikelytobeusingoutdatedequipment.IntheUK,wheremoreworkershaveup-to-datecomputersthanintheothercountriessurveyed,thenumberofwomenusingoldequipmentdoubledthatofmen.Whitepointedoutthatthereweretwosidestothisproblem,sayingthatcontinuouslyhavingtodealwithnewtechnologyandequipmentcapalsobeasourceofworry."Oldandfaultyequipmentisamajorcauseofofficedissatisfaction.Thereisnoquestionaboutit;butyoualsohavetosaythatthefrequentchangeofequipmentisalso,orcouldbe,amaincauseofdissatisfaction.”1.Theunderlinedword"this"(paragraph3)refersto____________.A.computeruseinmostjobsB.workplacedissatisfactionC.theagingofofficecomputersD.thesurveybycaredfree.net2.HowmanyofficeworkersusingoldcomputersinBritainexpressedtheirdissatisfaction?A.16%.B.35%.C.25%.D.55%.3.AccordingtoWhite,whywerethewomensurveyedmorelikelytouseoldcomputers?A.Mostofficeworkersuseoldcomputers.B.Theydosomeoftheirworkwithcomputers.C.Theyareeasiertobesatisfiedwithnewtechnology.D.Dealingwithnewequipmentcancauseanxiety.4.Whatisthesubjectofthenewsstory?A.Influenceoftechnologyintheworkplace.B.ResearchworkoftheWorkFoundation.C.Poorworkingconditionsinoffices.D.Differentattitudestooldcomputers.【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。介紹了如何用電腦緩解工人對(duì)工作的不滿，和由此會(huì)帶來的問題。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段前三行"WedoknowthatjobsatisfactionisfallinginBritainandmostadvancednations,"saidStephenWhite,aresearcherfromtheWorkFoundation."Theactualreasonsforthisarethesubjectofveryheateddiscussion.-可知，這里的this就是指jobsatisfaction，故B正確?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段1,2行AquarteroftheseusingoutdatedcomputersinBritainsaidtheywere"quite"or"verydissatisfied"withtheireverydayjob說明有四分之一的人即25%表達(dá)了他們的不滿。故C正確?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段1,2行Whitepointedoutthatthereweretwosidestothisproblem,sayingthatcontinuouslyhavingtodealwithnewtechnologyandequipmentcanalsobeasourceofworry.說明經(jīng)常使用新的技術(shù)或者設(shè)備也會(huì)給人帶來擔(dān)憂。故D正確?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。第一段的Dealingwiththedissatisfactionofagingandunreliableofficecomputersleadstoworkers,unhappinessandmoresick-leave,asurveyshowedonWednesday.為主題句，因此可知，本文主要討論的是在工作的時(shí)候，技術(shù)的影響。使用舊的電腦等技術(shù)可以讓人情緒不高，經(jīng)常換著使用新的電腦等也容易讓人擔(dān)憂。故A的說法正確。BNervoussuspects(嫌疑犯)lockedupinBritain'snewestpolicestationmayfeelrelievedbyapleasantyellowcolouronthedoor.Iftheyareclosetoconfessingacrime,theblueonthewallmighttipthebalance.GwentPolicehaveabandonedcolourssuchasgreysandbrownsofthe20th-centurypolicecell(牢房)andhaveusedcolourpsychologytodecoratethem.YstradMynachstation,whichrecentlyopenedatacostoff5millionhasfourcellswithglassdoorsforprisonerswhosufferfromclaustrophobia（幽閉恐怖癥）,Designershavepaintedtheframesyellow,whichresearcherssayisacalmingcolour.Othercellscontainaroyalbluelinebecausepsychologistsbelievethatthecolourislikelytoencouragetruthfulness.Thestationhas31cells,including12witha"livescan"systemfordrunkenordisturbedprisoners,whichdetectstheriseandfalloftheirchest.Analarmalertsofficersifaprisoner'sbreathingstopsandcarriesonringinguntilthedoorisopened.Designersandpsychologistshaveworkedforyearsoncolour.Blueissaidtosuggesttrust,efficiency,duty,logic,coolness,thinkingandcalm.Italsosuggestscoldnessandunfriendliness.Itisthoughtthatstrongblueswillstimulateclearthoughtandlighter,softcolourswillcalmthemindandaidconcentration.Yellowislinkedwithconfidence,self-respectandfriendliness.Getthecolourwronganditcouldcausefear,depressionandanxiety,buttherightyellowcanliftspiritsandself-respect.IngridCollins,apsychologistwhospecializesintheeffectsofcolour,saidthatcolourwasan"energyforce",Shesaid:"BluedoesenhancecommunicationbutIamnotsureitwouldenhancetruthfulcommunication.”Yellow,shesaid,affectedthemind.Redontheotherhand,shouldneverbeconsideredbecauseitcouldincreaseaggression.MrsCollinspraisedthedesignersforusingcoloursinthecells.GwentisnotthefirstBritishforcetoexperimentwithcolourtocalmdownorpersuadeprisonerstoco-operate.Inthe1990sStrathclydePoliceusedpinkincellsbasedonresearchcarriedoutbytheUSNavy.5.Theexpression"tipthebalance"inparagraph1probablyindicatesthatthebluemight_________.A.letsuspectskeeptheirbalance.B.makesuspectscoldandunfriendlyinlawcourt.C.helpsuspectstoconfesstheircrimes.D.enablesuspectstochangetheirattitudestocolours.6.Whichofthefollowingcoloursshouldnotbeusedincellsaccordingtothepassage?A.Pink.B.Red.C.Blue.D.Yellow.7.Whichofthefollowinghelpsalertofficersifsomeonestopsbreathing？A.Royalbluelines.B.Scanningequipment.C.Glassdoors.D.Yellowframes.8.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith__________.A.therelationshipbetweencoloursandpsychology.B.acomparisonofdifferentfunctionsofcolours.C.scientificwaystohelpcriminalsreformthemselvesinprison.D.theuseofcoloursincellstoaffectcriminalspsychology.【答案】5.C6.B7.B8.D【解析】本文為說明文。本文介紹了顏色在英國(guó)監(jiān)獄中的應(yīng)用，適當(dāng)?shù)念伾梢跃徍妥锓傅那榫w，具有很大的益處。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Nervoussuspects(嫌疑犯)lockedupinBritain'snewestpolicestationmayfeelrelievedbyapleasantyellowcolouronthedoor.Iftheyareclosetoconfessingacrime,theblueonthewallmighttipthebalance可知，黃色和藍(lán)色是讓人放松心情的顏色，所以在坦白罪行的時(shí)候能夠緩解情緒，有利于罪行的交代，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后兩句GwentisnotthefirstBritishforcetoexperimentwithcolourtocalmdownorpersuadeprisonerstoco-operate.Inthe1990sStrathclydePoliceusedpinkincellsbasedonresearchcarriedoutbytheUSNavy.可知，在牢房中使用粉色可以使人放松，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Thestationhas31cells,including12witha"livescan"systemfordrunkenordisturbedprisoners,whichdetectstheriseandfalloftheirchest.可知，該監(jiān)獄共有31個(gè)囚室，其中12個(gè)囚室裝有“實(shí)時(shí)掃描”系統(tǒng)，遇到情況就會(huì)向獄警發(fā)出警報(bào)，故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)上下文可知，本文介紹不同的顏色有不同的心理暗示，研究者們利用這一原理為監(jiān)獄配備不同的顏色，從心理上影響罪犯。故選D。CTotaketheappleasaforbiddenfruitisthemostunlikelystorytheChristiansevercookedup.Forthem,theforbiddenfruitfromEdenisevil(邪惡的).SowhenColumbusbroughtthetomatobackfromSouthAmerica,alandmistakenlyconsideredtobeEden,everyonejumpedtotheobviousconclusion.WronglytakenastheappleofEden,thetomatowasshutoutofthedoorofEuropeans.Whatmadeitparticularlyterrifyingwasitssimilaritytothemandrake,aplantthatwasthoughttohavecomefromHell(地獄)Whatearnedtheplantitsawfulreputationwasitsrootswhichlookedlikeadried-uphumanbodyoccupiedbyevilspirits.Thoughthetomatoandthemandrakewerequitedifferentexceptthatbothhadbrightredoryellowfruit,thegeneralpopulationconsideredthemoneandthesame,tooterribletotouch.CautiousEuropeanslongignoredthetomato,anduntiltheearly1700smostoftheWesternpeoplecontinuedtodragtheirfeet.Inthe1880s,thedaughterofawell-knownfarmerwrotethatthemostinterestingpartofanafternoonteaatherfather'shousehadbeenthe"introductionofthiswonderfulnewfruit--orisitavegetable?""Aslateasthetwentiethcenturysomewritersstillclassedtomatoeswithmandrakesasan"evilfruit".Butintheendtomatoescarriedtheday.TheheroofthetomatowasanAmericannamedRobertJohnson,andwhenhewaspubliclygoingtoeatthetomatoin1820,peoplejourneyedforhundredsofmilestowatchhimdropdead."Whatareyouafraidof?"heshouted."T"llshowyoufoolsthatthesethings-aregoodtoeat!Thenhebitintothetomato,Somepeoplefainted.Buthesurvivedand,accordingtoalocalstory,setupatomato-canningfactory.9.ThetomatowasshutoutofthedoorofearlyEuropeansmainlybecause__________.A.itwasreligiouslyunacceptableB.itwastheappleofEdenC.itcamefromaforbiddenlandD.itmadeChristianevil10.WhatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedpartinParagraph3?A.Theprocessofignoringthetomatosloweddown.B.Thetomatowasstillrefusedinmostwesterncountries.C.Therewaslittleprogressinthestudyofthetomato.D.Mostwesternpeoplecontinuedtogetridofthetomato.11.WhatisthemainreasonforRobertJohnsontoeatthetomatopublicly?A.Tomakehimselfahero.B.Topersuadepeopletobuyproductsfromhisfactor.C.Tospeedupthepopularityofthetomato.D.Toremovepeople'sfearofthetomato.12.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Topresentthechangeofpeople'sattitudestothetomato.B.Togiveanexplanationtopeople'sdislikeofthetomato.C.Tochallengepeople'sfixedconceptsofthetomato.D.Toshowtheprocessoffreeingthetomatofromreligiousinfluence.【答案】9.A10.B11.D12.A【解析】本文是說明文。主要講的是西紅柿在剛開始進(jìn)入西方社會(huì)的時(shí)候，被人們認(rèn)為是禁果，不能食用。這樣的情況持續(xù)了很久，后來在一些勇敢者嘗試了以后，被人們所接受?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Forthem,theforbiddenfruitfromEdenisevil.SowhenColubroughtthetomatobackfromSouthAmerica,alandmistakenlyconsideredtobeEden,everyonejumpedtotheobviousconclusion.WronglytakenastheappleofEden,thetomatowasshutoutofthedoorofEuropeans.可推斷，在基督教里吧把omato當(dāng)成了禁果，這主要是因?yàn)樽诮谭矫娴脑颍蔄正確?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)本句CautiousEuropeanslongignoredthetomato,anduntiltheearly1700smostoftheWesternpeoplecontinuedtodragtheirfeet.可知謹(jǐn)慎的歐洲人仍然忽視了西紅柿，知道18世紀(jì)早期人們?nèi)匀怀钟羞@樣的觀點(diǎn)，也就是西紅柿是禁果，不能食用。故B正確?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后三行"Whatareyouafraidof?"heshouted."I'llshowyoufoolsthesethingsaregoodtoeat!"Thenhebitintothetomato.Somepeoplefainted.Buthesurvivedand,accordingtoalocalstory,setupatomato-canningfactory.可知他這樣做是為了告訴人們西紅柿可以吃，是為了去除人們的偏見。故D正確?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要講的是西紅柿在剛開始進(jìn)入西方社會(huì)的時(shí)候，被人們認(rèn)為是禁果，不能食用。這樣的情況持續(xù)了很久，后來在一些勇敢者嘗試了以后，被人們所接受。主要講述的是人們對(duì)西紅柿的態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)換。故A正確。DHowisitthatsiblings(兄弟姐妹)canturnoutsodifferently?Oneansweristhatinfacteachsiblinggrowsupinadifferentfamily.Thefirstbornis,forawhile,anonlychild,andthereforehasacompletelydifferentexperienceoftheparentsthanthosebornlater.Thenextchildis,forawhile,theyoungest,untilthesituationischangedbyanewarrival.Themotherandfatherthemselvesarechangingandgrowinguptoo.Onesiblingmightliveinastableandclosefamilyinthefirstfewyears;anothermightberaisedinafamilycrisis,withadisappointedmotheroranangryfather.Siblingcompetitionwasidentifiedasanimportantshapingforceasearlyasin1918.Butmorerecently,researchershavefoundmanywaysinwhichbrothersandsistersarealastingforceineachothers'lives.Dr.AnnetteHendersonsaysfirstbornchildrenpickupvocabularymorequicklythantheirsiblings.Thereasonforthismightbethatthelaterchildrenaren'tgettingthesameone-on-onetimewithparents.Butthatdoesn'tmeanthattheyoungerchildrenhaveproblemswithlanguagedevelopment.Later-bornsdon'tenjoythatmuchtalkingtimewithparents,butinsteadtheyharvestlessonsfrombiggerbrothersandsisters,learningentirephrasesandgettinganunderstandingofsodialconceptssuchasthedifferencebetween"I"and"me".ACambridgeUniversitystudyof140childrenfoundthatsiblingscreatedarichworldplaythathelpedthemgrowsocially.Love-haterelationshipswerecommonamongthechildren.Eventhosesiblingswhofoughtthemosthadjustasmuchpositivecommunicationastheothersiblingpairs.Onewaychildrenseekmoreattentionfromparentsisbymakingthemselvesdifferentfromtheirsiblings,particularlyiftheyarecloseinage.Researchershavefoundthatthefirsttwochildreninafamilyaretypicallymoredifferentfromeachotherthanthesecondandthird.Girlswithbrothersshowtheirdifferencestoamaximumdegreebybeingmorefemininethangirlswithsisters.A200.3researchpaperstudiedadolescentsfrom185familiesovertwoyears,findingthatthosewhochangedtomakethemselvesdifferentfromtheirsiblingsweresuccessfulinincreasingtheamountofwarmththeygainedfromtheirparents.13.Theunderlinedpart"inadifferentfamily"(inPara.1)means“____________________”。A.indifferentfamiliesB.inadifferentfamilytraditionC.indifferentfamilycrisesD.inadifferentfamilyenvironment14.Intermsoflanguagedevelopment,later-borns________________.A.learnalotfromtheireldersiblingsB.gettheirparents'individualguidanceC.experiencealotofdifficultiesD.pickupwordsmorequickly15.Whatwasfoundaboutfightsamongsiblings?A.Siblingslearnedtogetontogetherfromfights.B.Siblingsinsomefamiliesfoughtfrequently.C.Siblingfightsledtobadsiblingrelationships.D.Siblingshatedfightingandlovedplaying.【答案】13.D14.A15.A【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。同一家庭出身的兄弟姐妹性格為何不同？那是因?yàn)樗麄兩钣诓煌募彝キh(huán)境：對(duì)于父母的體驗(yàn)，第一個(gè)出生的孩子與以后出生的孩子會(huì)迥然不同；在語言發(fā)展上，后出生的孩子更喜歡向哥哥姐姐學(xué)習(xí)而不是向父母學(xué)習(xí)?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文的“…differentexperience…”“不同的經(jīng)歷”以及第一段最后一句中“…mightliveinastableandclosefamilyinthefirstfewyears;anothermightberaisedinafamilycrisis,withadisappointedmotherandangryfather.”“在頭幾年住在一個(gè)穩(wěn)定和親密的家庭;另一個(gè)孩子可能是在家庭危機(jī)中長(zhǎng)大的，有失望的母親和憤怒的父親?！笨芍?，該短語意為“生活在不同的家庭環(huán)境中”，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話中“Later-bornsdon’tenjoythatmuchtalkingtimewithparents,butinsteadtheyharvestlessonsfrombiggerbrothersandsister…”可知后出生者更傾向于向兄弟姐妹學(xué)習(xí)，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Eventhosesiblingswhofoughtthemosthadjustasmuchposistivecommunicationastheothersiblingpairs.”可知，即使兄弟姐妹間爭(zhēng)吵不斷，他們也在此中學(xué)習(xí)相處之道，故A項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題的解題思路：細(xì)節(jié)理解題就是我們常見的wh-題，它們大多是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實(shí)、例證、原因、過程、論述等進(jìn)行提問的。抓住文段中的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)是做好該題型的關(guān)鍵，也是做好其它類型問題的基礎(chǔ)。該題型幾乎都可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息，或是其變體。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法，即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題和選項(xiàng)有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對(duì)相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比，找出答案。通常細(xì)節(jié)題的正確選項(xiàng)有以下特征：1).對(duì)原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行替換。把原文中的一些詞換成意義相近的詞，成為正確選項(xiàng)。2).詞性或者語態(tài)的變化。把原文中的一些詞變換一下詞性，或者改變?cè)木渥拥恼Z態(tài)，給考生制造障礙。3).語言簡(jiǎn)化。把原文中的復(fù)雜語言現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化，成為正確答案。4).正話反說。把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)(適用于尋找錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的題目)。正確選項(xiàng)雖然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改寫，意思不變。如換一個(gè)同義詞，把否定改為肯定，把肯定改為否定等。例如本題第2小題，Intermsoflanguagedevelopment,later-borns________________.為細(xì)節(jié)理解題。我們?cè)谠闹械诙巫詈笠痪浒l(fā)現(xiàn)了本題題干中的定位詞“Later-borns”，原文是這樣的“Later-bornsdon’tenjoythatmuchtalkingtimewithparents,butinsteadtheyharvestlessonsfrombiggerbrothersandsister…”可知晚出生的孩子不太喜歡和父母交談，但他們能從哥哥姐姐那里學(xué)到很多東西，故A.learnalotfromtheireldersiblings正確,而比較其他干擾項(xiàng)，要么將原文內(nèi)容擴(kuò)大或縮小，要么偷換概念，要么無中生有或者文不對(duì)題等。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分）Thesearchforoneoflife'sgreatestgoals,happiness,iswhatbringsalmost1,200studentstooneofYaleUniversity'smostpopularclassesever.____16____PsychologyprofessorLaurieSantosteachestheclass.OneinfourYaleundergraduatestudentshasregisteredtotakeit!IthasthelargestclassregistrationsizeinYale's317-yearhistory.___17___Santossaysitisthehopethatsciencecanhelpstudentsfindpeaceamongallthestressesanddifficultiestheyfaceatcollege,"Studentsreportbeingmoredepressedthantheyhaveeverbeeninhistoryatcollege,”shesaid.SocialscienceresearchhasledtomanynewunderstandingsofhowpeoplefindhappinessSantossays____18____.Santossaysfeelingsofhappinessarecreatedthroughseveralthings.___19___Sheaddsthatwhilemanypeoplemayseemoneyandpossessionsasgoalsinlife,thosethingsarenotusuallywhatmakepeoplemosthappy,Schoolworkforthehappinessclass,alsoknownasPsyc157,includesshowingmoregratitude,performingactsofkindnessandincreasingsocialconnections.Becauseofthepopularityoftheclass,ithasbeenmadepubliclyavailable—fortree-onthewebsiteCoursera.TheclassisalreadyhelpingYalestudentslikeseniorRebekahSiliezar.___20___“What'smostpressingonourmindsaregrades,andthenthejobs."saidSiliezar,"butnow,wetrymoretofocusonthepresentmomentandthepeoplearoundus.”A.Itisthethird-oldestuniversityintheUnitedStates.B.Theclassiscalled"PsychologyandtheGoodLife".C.Shedescribeshermindsetbeforetakingtheclass.D.Therefore,whydosomanystudentswantthisclass?E.Happypeopleevenmaketimetotalktopeoplewhoworkatcoffeeshops.F.Andthestudentsreallywanttolearnthoseinsightsinascience-drivenwayG.Amongthemaresocialization,exercise,meditation(冥想)andplentyofsleep.【答案】16.B17.D18.F19.G20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。幸福是人生最偉大的目標(biāo)之一，幸福課成為了耶魯大學(xué)最受歡迎的課程之一。文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了論述。【16題詳解】上文提到“尋找人生最偉大的目標(biāo)之一——-幸福的課程，吸引了近1200名學(xué)生的報(bào)名，使其成為了耶魯大學(xué)最受歡迎的課程之一?！背薪由衔?，B項(xiàng)Theclassiscalled"PsychologyandtheGoodLife"切題。該項(xiàng)中的Theclass與上文的classes對(duì)應(yīng)。故選B?！?7題詳解】上文提到“四分之一的耶魯本科生已經(jīng)注冊(cè)了。在耶魯大學(xué)的317年歷史中，它的班級(jí)注冊(cè)規(guī)模最大。”下文提到“桑托斯說，希望科學(xué)能夠幫助學(xué)生在大學(xué)面臨的所有壓力和困難中找到和平。”承接上下文，D項(xiàng)Therefore，whydosomanystudentswantthisclass？“因此，為什么有這么多學(xué)生想要這門課？”切題。故選D。【18題詳解】上文提到“桑托斯說，社會(huì)科學(xué)研究已經(jīng)對(duì)人們?nèi)绾握业叫腋．a(chǎn)生了許多新的理解?！背薪由衔腇項(xiàng)Theyreallywanttolearnthoseinsightsinascience-drivenway."他們真的想以科學(xué)的方式來學(xué)習(xí)這些見解?！鼻蓄}。該項(xiàng)中的insights與上文中的newunderstandings對(duì)應(yīng)。故選F?！?9題詳解】上文提到“桑托斯說，幸福的感覺是通過幾件事創(chuàng)造出來的。”承接上文，G項(xiàng)Amongthemaresocialization，exercise，meditation（冥想）andplentyofsleep.“其中包括社交、鍛煉、冥想和充足的睡眠?！鼻蓄}。該項(xiàng)中的socialization，exercise，meditation（冥想）andplentyofslee與上文中的severalthings對(duì)應(yīng)。故選G?！?0題詳解】上文提到“這門課已經(jīng)在幫助耶魯學(xué)生，比如RebekahSiliezar。”承接上文，C項(xiàng)Shedescribeshermindsetbeforetakingtheclass"她在上課前描述了自己的心態(tài)?！鼻蓄}。該項(xiàng)中的she與上文的RebekahSiliezar對(duì)應(yīng)。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】“七選五”跟傳統(tǒng)題型完形填空有相似之處，只要選擇的答案能夠使行文連貫，符合英文的語法以及習(xí)慣表達(dá)就行。另外，從該題型給出的選項(xiàng)中我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一些特點(diǎn)：該題型選項(xiàng)大致可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。另外，兩個(gè)多余的干擾項(xiàng)也可以通過這三個(gè)特點(diǎn)來排除，例如主旨概括句要么過于寬泛要么以偏概全或偏離主題；過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)；注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。一．先通讀選項(xiàng)，理解句意，同時(shí)掌握選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)并比較語義重心的異同。比如通過閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出跟其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全不同意思的句子，這樣的話我們就可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。二．再通讀全文，了解大意并分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，著重看空前空后。由于“七選五”空出的是句子，而這些句子與句子之間必然有一種聯(lián)系。因此，我們可以通過選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來確定這兩個(gè)句子之間的關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。如：小題4考查上下文理解。上文提到“桑托斯說，幸福的感覺是通過幾件事創(chuàng)造出來的?！背薪由衔模珿項(xiàng)Amongthemaresocialization，exercise，meditation（冥想）andplentyofsleep.“其中包括社交、鍛煉、冥想和充足的睡眠?！鼻蓄}。該項(xiàng)中的socialization，exercise，meditation（冥想）andplentyofsleep與上文中的severalthings對(duì)應(yīng)。三．根據(jù)語境線索選擇答案，注意抓住其關(guān)鍵詞語。語境線索主要指反應(yīng)上下文關(guān)系的銜接手段，如篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語重現(xiàn)、邏輯、連接、指稱、同構(gòu)等。如小題1考查上下文理解。上文提到“四分之一的耶魯本科生已經(jīng)注冊(cè)了。在耶魯大學(xué)的317年歷史中，它的班級(jí)注冊(cè)規(guī)模最大。”下文提到“桑托斯說，希望科學(xué)能夠幫助學(xué)生在大學(xué)面臨的所有壓力和困難中找到和平?！背薪由舷挛模珼項(xiàng)Therefore，whydosomanystudentswantthisclass？“因此，為什么有這么多學(xué)生想要這門課？”故選D。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。OnmygranddaughterJenifer's21stbirthday,IsatwithherattheDMV,waitingtorenewherdrivinglicense.WhenJeniferwas___21___thedriver'slicenserenewalforms,wetalkedaboutorgan___22___,whichwouldbetakeninto-accountafteraccidents。___23___Irealizedthattheseemingly___24___eventsI'vesharedwithherwerebothmyadventuresand___25___forjustshowingup.Luckily,Ihaven'tmissedtheseoccasionswhenbeingagrandparentdoeswondersforme.Ilikethedaytripsandthe___26___ofshowinguptobethedriverformygranddaughter.Thetrips___27___conversationsthatmakeme___28___aninstructor.Idriveforher.Ioffersmallhiking.OnonetriptotheMuseumofFineArts,we___29___undertheceiling,talkingaboutartistslives.Onanother.weweredrawn___30___.themusicalinstrumentroomlikechildrenfollowingthePiedPiper,___31___bythesoundofaMozartsonataplayedonanantiqueharp.ThatdaywediscussedMozart's___32___.Wereallyenjoyedourselves.Butthebestoftimeswereinthecarorthekitchen.Wetalkedaboutahomeworkassignment,readingasthetwo___33___inadrama.Wehadourownprivatebookchub,___34___togetherwhatwereadonwarmweekendafternoons.___35___Iaddedupalloftheseirreplaceable,ordinarymoments,theywouldbefar___36___thanthetimeitwould___37___totravelaroundtheworld.ThatmakesmethinkIshouldbemore___38___andperhapshaveabucketlistofexperiences,likeskydivingorclimbingMountEverest.Butthatis___39___whoIamnow.Idon,'tneedthoseadventures.Intheend,itturnsoutthatjustbeing___40___isenoughforme.21.A.fillingoutB.givingoutC.handingoutD.figuringout22.A.distributionB.donationC.productionD.contribution23.A.AnywayB.AnyhowC.SomehowD.Sometimes24.A.remarkableB.fantasticC.urgentD.ordinary25.A.exchangeB.evidenceC.rewardsD.memory26.A.routineB.habitC.planD.rule27.A.copB.encourageC.recordD.interrupt28.A.runafterB.learnfromC.gowithD.feellike29.A.drilledB.wanderedC.playedD.marched30.A.fromB.offC.intoD.over31.A.PuzzledB.annoyedC.attractedD.inspired32.A.suggestionB.intelligenceC.talentD.practice33.A.plotsB.charactersC.scenesD.dialogues34.A.debatingB.prayingC.workingD.negotiating35.A.IfB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.Since36.A.betterB.worseC.enoughD.more37.A.costB.takeC.spendD.need38.A.promisingB.energeticC.braveD.adventurous39.A.justB.alwaysC.notD.still40.A.presentB.patientC.respectfulD.understanding【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.B30.C31.C32.C33.B34.A35.A36.D37.B38.D39.C40.A【解析】本文為記敘文，講述了作者與孫女一起度過的美好時(shí)光?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A.fillingout填寫B(tài).givingout發(fā)放，公布C.handingout派發(fā)D.figuringout搞清楚，想出，這里指填寫駕駛執(zhí)照續(xù)期表，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義。A.distribution分配B.donation捐贈(zèng)C.production生產(chǎn)D.contribution貢獻(xiàn)，句意：在Jenifer填寫駕照續(xù)簽表格的時(shí)候，我們談到了器官捐獻(xiàn)，這是事故發(fā)生后需要考慮的因素。故選B。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.Anyway無論如何B.Anyhow不管怎樣C.Somehow不知怎地，不知何故D.Sometimes有時(shí)候，句意：不知怎的，我意識(shí)到，我和她分享的看似平常的事情，既是我的冒險(xiǎn)，也是我出現(xiàn)的回報(bào)。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.remarkable非凡的B.fantastic奇妙的C.urgent緊急的D.ordinary平凡的，根據(jù)句意，我和她分享平凡的小事。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義。A.exchange交換B.evidence證據(jù)C.rewards回報(bào)D.memory記憶，根據(jù)上下文可知，作者將作為祖母陪伴在孫女身邊一起經(jīng)歷的小事看作是回報(bào)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義。A.routine日常，例行B.habit習(xí)慣C.plan計(jì)劃D.rule規(guī)則，句意：我喜歡白天的旅行和為孫女開車的日常，故選A。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些旅行促成的談話讓我感覺自己像個(gè)導(dǎo)師。A.cop抓住B.encourage鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)C.record記錄D.interrupt打斷，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意見小題7。A.runafter追趕B.learnfrom學(xué)習(xí)C.gowith與…一起D.feellike感覺，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義。A.drilled鉆孔，練習(xí)B.wandered游蕩，漫步C.played玩D.marched行軍，句意：有一次去美術(shù)博物館，我們?cè)谔旎ò逑侣?，談?wù)撍囆g(shù)家的生活。故選B。【30題詳解】考查介詞短語搭配。bedrawninto…被……吸引。句意：我們被樂器室吸引住了。A.from從，B.off離開，C.into進(jìn)入，D.over超過，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義。A.puzzled迷惑B.annoyed惱怒C.attracted吸引D.inspired激勵(lì)，此處是指被莫扎特的音樂所吸引了，故