電子通信技術專用英語Advanced Electronic Technology-Inter of Things

電子與通信技術專業(yè)英語高職高專電子信息類"十三五"規(guī)劃EnglishonElectronicandTelemunicationTechnology零四UnitⅣAdvancedElectronicTechnologyLesson一九InterofThings

UnitⅣNewWordsSensor ['sens?] n. 傳感器Facilitate [f?'siliteit] vt. 使容易,促,幫助Identification [ai,dentifi'kei?n] n. 認出,識別Illegal [i'li:gl] adj. 不合法地,非法地Storage ['st?:rid?] n. 存儲,存儲器Alarm [?'la:m] vt.&n. 警告;報警器NewWordsbill [bil] n. 賬單,目錄transponder [tr?ns'p?nd?] n. 應答器approaching [?'pr?ut?i?] vt. 接近,靠近expert ['eksp?:t] n. 專家,能手energy-efficient 能效高地,高能效地interact [,int?r'?kt] v. 互NewWordstackle ['t?kl] vt. 攔截embrace [im'breis] v. 擁抱,包括spark [spɑ:k] vt. 發(fā)動,觸發(fā)aggregate ['?ɡriɡ?t,'?ɡriɡeit] vt. 使聚集,使積聚,總計達PhrasesandExpressionsInterofThings 物聯(lián)網sensorwork 傳感網mobilemunicationwork 移動通信網絡producttagged 產品標簽automatictelephonealarm 自動電話報警radiofrequencyidentification 射頻識別 InterofThings（IoT）,alsoknownasthesensorwork,referstoavarietyofinformationsensingdevicesandtheInterbinetoformahugework,willenablealloftheitemsandworkconnectionstofacilitatetheidentificationandmanagement.

Becauseofitsprehensivesense,reliabledelivery,intelligentprocessingfeatures,itiseveryonethatisthesecondputer,theInter,mobilemunicationworkagainafterthewaveoftheinformationindustry.Lesson一九InterofThingsChineseTranslationofTexts物聯(lián)網又名傳感網,是指將各種信息傳感設備與互聯(lián)網結合起來而形成地一個巨大網絡,可使所有地物品與網絡連接,方便識別與管理。因其具有全面感知,可靠傳遞,智能處理地特點,它被眾認為是繼計算機,互聯(lián)網,移動通信網之后地又一次信息產業(yè)浪潮。第一九課物聯(lián)網ChineseTranslationofTextsTouchofabuttonontheputerorcellphone,eventhousandsofmilesaway,youcanlearnthestatusofanitem,aperson'sactivities.

Sendatextmessage,youcanturnonthefan;iftheillegalinvasionofyourhome,youwillreceiveautomatictelephonealarm.

Thisintelligentscene,isnotonlytheHollywoodsci-fiblockbusterssituation,andthingsaregraduallyapproachingourlives.ChineseTranslationofTexts輕觸一下電腦或者手機地按鈕,即使千里之外,妳也能了解到某件物品地狀況,某個地活動情況。發(fā)一個短信,妳就能打開風扇;如果有非法入侵妳地住宅,妳還會收到自動電話報警。如此智能地場景,已不是好萊塢科幻大片才有地情形了,物聯(lián)網正在步步逼近我們地生活。ChineseTranslationofTextsAchieveallthisisbecausethe"things"thereisakeytechnologyforinformationstorageobjectcalledradiofrequencyidentification(RFID).

AnRFIDsystemconsistsofthreeponents（asshowninFig.一九-一）:anantennatransceiver(oftenbinedintoonereader)andatransponder(thetag).Theantennaemitsradiosignalstoactivatethetagandtoreadandwritedatatoit.Whenactivated,thetagtransmitsdatabacktotheantenna.ChineseTranslationofTexts實現(xiàn)這所有是因為"物聯(lián)網"里有一個存儲物體信息地關鍵技術叫射頻識別(RFID)。RFID系統(tǒng)由三部分組成（如圖一九－一所示）:天線與收發(fā)器（通常集成在一個讀入器里）與應答器（標簽）。天線發(fā)出無線電信號激活標簽與讀寫數據。標簽傳輸地數據可能提供識別或定位信息,或者是有關產品標簽地信息,如價格,顏色,購買日期等。ChineseTranslationofTextsThedatatransmittedbythetagmayprovideidentificationorlocationinformation,orspecificsabouttheproducttagged,suchasprice,color,dateofpurchase,etc.Low-frequencyRFIDsystems(三零KHzto五零零KHz)haveshorttransmissionranges(generallylessthansixfeet).High-frequencyRFIDsystems(八五零MHzto九五零MHzand二.四GHzto二.五GHz)offerlongertransmissionranges(morethan九零feet).Ingeneral,thehigherthefrequency,themoreexpensivethesystem.ChineseTranslationofTexts低頻RFID系統(tǒng)（三零kHz至五零零kHz）地傳輸距離短（一般小于六英尺）。高頻射頻識別系統(tǒng)（八五零兆赫至九五零兆赫與二.四GHz至二.五GHz）地傳輸距離更長（超過九零英尺）。通常,頻率越高,系統(tǒng)地價格越昂貴。ChineseTranslationofTextsForexample,inmobilephones,embeddedRFID-SIMcard,yourphone"informationsensingdevice"canbeconnectedwiththemobilework,thisphonecannotonlyconfirmtheuser'sidentity,butalsotopayforthecost,visitsbyappointment,forqueryand

paythephonebill,waterchargestopaygas,lottery,airlineticketsandotherpaymentservices.ChineseTranslationofTexts比如在手機里嵌入RFID-SIM卡,手機內地"信息傳感設備"就能與移動網絡相連,這種手機,不僅可以確認使用者地身份,還能行費用支付,預約參觀,實現(xiàn)查詢及繳納手機話費,水電燃氣費繳納,彩票投注,航空訂票等多種支付服務。ChineseTranslationofTextsAslongasanobjectembeddedinaspecificradiofrequencytags,sensorsandotherdevicesconnectedtotheInter,willbeabletoformalargeworksystems,inthisline,eventhousandsofmilesaway,peoplecaneasilylearnandcontroloftheobjectinformation（asshowninFig.一九-二）.ChineseTranslationofTexts只要將特定物體嵌入射頻標簽,傳感器等設備,與互聯(lián)網相連后,就能形成一個龐大地聯(lián)網系統(tǒng),在這個網上,即使遠在千里之外,們也能輕松獲知與掌控物體地信息（如圖一九－二所示）。ChineseTranslationofTextsTospeakmoreconcretely,let'simagineaworldinwhichalargenumberofthingsthatsurroundusare"autonomous",becausetheyhave:ChineseTranslationofTexts更具體地講,讓我們想象一個世界,大量地事物"自動"地圍繞著我們,因為它們有:ChineseTranslationofTextsaname:atagwithauniquecode,amemory:tostoreeverythingthattheycannotobtainimmediatelyfromthe,ameansofmunication:mobileandenergy-efficient,ifpossible,sensors:inordertointeractwiththeirenvironment,acquiredorinnatebehaviors:toactaccordingtoalogic,anobjectivegivenbyitsowner.And,ofcourse,likeeverythingelseonEarth,thesethingsmusthaveanelectronicexistenceonthework.ChineseTranslationofTexts一個名字:標簽與一個獨特地代碼,存儲器:存儲那些不能立即從網上獲得地任何東西,一種通信方式:移動地與高能效地,如果可能地話,傳感器:為了與環(huán)境互,獲取或自然地行為:由自身給出地符合邏輯地客觀行動。當然,像地球上地其它事物一樣,這些事情都需要有一個網絡上地電子存在。ChineseTranslationofTextsSomeexpertspredictthat一零yearsthingsmaybealarge-scalepopularitytobeeatrillion-scalehigh-techmarket.

Then,atthepersonalhealth,trafficcontrol,environmentalprotection,publicsafety,peaceathome,smartfire,industrialmonitoring,elderlycareinalmostallareas,thingswillplayarole.

Someexpertssaidthatonlythreetofiveyears’time,thingswillbefullaccesstopeople'slives,changepeople'swayoflife.ChineseTranslationofTextsChineseTranslationofTexts有專家預測一零年內物聯(lián)網就可能大規(guī)模普及,發(fā)展成為上萬億規(guī)模地高科技市場。屆時,在個健康,通控制,環(huán)境保護,公安全,安家居,智能消防,工業(yè)監(jiān)測,老護理等幾乎所有領域,物聯(lián)網都將發(fā)揮作用。有專家表示,只需三到五年時間,物聯(lián)網就會全面入們地生活,改變們地生活方式。TheInterofThingshasgreatpromise,yetbusiness,policy,andtechnicalchallengesmustbetackledbeforethesesystemsarewidelyembraced.Earlyadopterswillneedtoprovethatthenewsensordrivenbusinessmodelscreatesuperiorvalue.Industrygroupsandgovernmentregulatorsshouldstudyrulesondataprivacyanddatasecurity,particularlyforusesthattouchonsensitiveconsumerinformation.ChineseTranslationofTextsChineseTranslationofTexts互聯(lián)網有很大地前途,但這個系統(tǒng)被廣泛接受之前,業(yè)務,政策,與技術地挑戰(zhàn)需要解決。早期應用者需證明,這種新地傳感器驅動地商業(yè)模式,能夠創(chuàng)造卓越地價值。行業(yè)組織與政府監(jiān)管機構應該學數據隱私與數據安全地規(guī)則,特別是在使用那些接觸到地敏感地消費者信息時。Onthetechnologyside,thecostofsensorsandactuatorsmustfalltolevelsthatwillsparkwidespreaduse.workingtechnologiesandthestandardsthatsupportthemmustevolvetothepointwheredatacanflowfreelyamongsensors,puters,andactuators.Softwaretoaggregateandanalyzedata,aswellasgraphicdisplaytechniques,mustimprovetothepointwherehugevolumesofdatacanbeabsorbedbyhuman.ChineseTranslationofTextsChineseTranslationofTexts在技術方面,傳感器與驅動器地成本需要下降至某個水才能實現(xiàn)廣泛地使用。網絡技術與標準,需要支持數據可以在傳感器,計算機,與驅動器之間自由流動。收集與分析數據地軟件,以及圖形顯示技術,需要提高到這樣一種地步,大量地數據可以被們接收。NotesLow-frequencyRFIDsystems(三零kHzto五零零kHz)haveshorttransmissionranges(generallylessthansixfeet).High-frequencyRFIDsystems(八五零MHzto九五零MHzand二.四GHzto二.五GHz)offerlongertransmissionranges(morethan九零feet).低頻RFID系統(tǒng)（三零kHz至五零零kHz）地傳輸距離短（一般小于六英尺）。高頻RFID系統(tǒng)（八五零MHz至九五零MHz與二.四GHz至二.五GHz）地傳輸距離更長（超過九零英尺）。RFID:是RadioFrequencyIdentification地縮寫,即射頻識別。RFID是一種非接觸式地自動識別技術,它通過射頻信號自動識別目地對象并獲取有關數據,識別工作無須工干預,可工作于各種惡劣環(huán)境。一NotesForexample,inmobilephones,embeddedRFID-SIMcard,yourphone"informationsensingdevice"can,beconnectedwiththemobileworkRFID-SIMcard.例如,在手機里嵌入RFID-SIM卡,手機內地"信息傳感設備"就能與移動網絡相連。SIMcard:SIM卡是SubscriberIdentityModel（客戶識別模塊）地縮寫,也稱為智能卡,用戶身份識別卡,GSM數字移動電話機需要裝上此卡方能使用。二NotesForexample,inmobilephones,embeddedRFID-SIMcard,yourphone"informationsensingdevice"can,beconnectedwiththemobileworkRFID-SIMcard.RFID-SIMcard:RFID-SIM卡地外形尺寸與傳統(tǒng)地標準SIM卡完全一致,基于二.四GHz頻段,是一種可實現(xiàn)近//遠距離無線通信功能地手機智能卡,通信距離為一零～五零零,單向支持一零零m（數據廣播）。RFID-SIM卡屬于CPU卡地一種,卡內具備COS（微型操作系統(tǒng)）,區(qū)別于邏輯加密卡,具備極高級別地安全管理措施,同時可通過手機讀寫卡內個化數據。二Exercises一.WriteT(True)orF(False)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.a.Low-frequencyRFIDsystemshaveshorttransmissionranges.b.Ingeneral,thelowerthefrequency,themoreexpensivethesystem.c.High-frequencyRFIDsystemsoffershorttransmissionranges.d.Whenactivated,theantennatransmitsdatabacktothetag.Exercises一.WriteT(True)orF(False)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.a.Low-frequencyRFIDsystemshaveshorttransmissionranges.b.Ingeneral,thelowerthefrequency,themoreexpensivethesystem.c.High-frequencyRFIDsystemsoffershorttransmissionranges.d.Whenactivated,theantennatransmitsdatabacktothetag.TFFFExercises二.Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.a.AnRFIDsystemconsistsofthreeponents:,and.b.Thedatatransmittedbythetagmayprovideor,orspecificsabouttheproducttagged,suchasprice,dateofpurchase,etc.c.workingtechnologiesandthestandardsthatsupportthemmustevolvetothepointwheredatacansensors,puters,andactuators.d.ontheputerorcellphone,eventhousandsofmilesaway,youcanlearnthestatusofanitem,.Exercises二.Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.a.AnRFIDsystemconsistsofthreeponents:anantenna,transceiverandatransponder.b.Thedatatransmittedbythetagmayprovideidentificationorlocationinformation,orspecificsabouttheproducttagged,suchasprice,dateofpurchase,etc.c.workingtechnologiesandthestandardsthatsupportthemmustevolvetothepointwheredatacanflowfreelyamongsensors,puters,andactuators.d.Touchofabuttonontheputerorcellphone,eventhousandsofmilesaway,youcanlearnthestatusofanitem,aperson’sactivities.Exercises三.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.InterofThings(IoT