物聯(lián)網(wǎng)專業(yè)英語教程

演講人：日期：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)專業(yè)英語教程OverviewandDevelopmentTrendsoftheInternetofThingsFundamentalsofIoTCommunicationTechnologyIoTdevicesandsystemarchitecture目錄ExplorationofInternetofThingsSecurityandPrivacyProtectionIssuesAnalysisofApplicationExamplesofInternetofThingsTechnologyinSmartHomeScenarios目錄01OverviewandDevelopmentTrendsoftheInternetofThingsDefinitionTheInternetofThings(IoT)referstotheconnectionofphysicaldevices,vehicles,buildings,andotheritemsembeddedwithelectronics,software,sensors,actors,andnetworkconnectivity,enablingtheseobjectstocollectandexchangedataCoreTechnologiesThecoretechnologiesoftheIoTincludesensorsandactors,embeddedsystems,communicationtechnologies,anddataanalyticsDefinitionandcoretechnologiesoftheInternetofThingsApplicationFieldsTheIoThasawiderangeofapplications,includingsmarthomes,smartcities,industrialautomation,environmentalmonitoring,healthcare,andtransportationProspectsWiththecontinuousdevelopmentoftheIoT,itisexpectedtobringmoreconvention,efficiency,andintelligentservicestopeople'slives,andpromotethetransformationandupgradingoftraditionalindustriesTheapplicationfieldsandprospectsoftheInternetofThingsChinahasmadesignificantprogressinthedevelopmentoftheIoT,withanumberofleadingenterprisesandresearchinstitutionsinthefieldThegovernmenthasalsoissuedaseriesofpoliciestosupportthedevelopmentoftheIoTindustryDomesticDevelopmentStatusThedevelopmentoftheIoTroadisalsoveryfastManycountrieshaveformulatednationalstrategiesforthedevelopmentoftheIoTandinvestedhealthinresearchanddevelopmentLeadingenterprisesinthefieldoftheIoT,suchasGoogle,Amazon,andMicrosoft,areactivelypromotingthecommercialapplicationoftheIoTForeignDevelopmentStatusComparisonofthecurrentdevelopmentstatusoftheInternetofThingsathomeandabroadFutureTrendsInthefuture,theIoTisexpectedtodevelopinthedirectionofbroaderinterconnectivity,deeperintelligence,moreefficientdataprocessingandanalysiscapabilities,andsaferandmorereliablesystemperformanceAtthesametime,theintegrationoftheIoTwithotheremergingtechnologiessuchasartisticintelligence,blockchain,and5GwillalsocomeanimportanttrendFutureTrendsandChallengesChallengesHowever,thedevelopmentoftheIoTalsofacessomechallenges,suchasdatasecurityandprivacyprotectionissues,standardizationandinteroperabilityissues,andthehighcostoftechnologyresearchanddevelopmentandapplicationpromotionFutureTrendsandChallenges02FundamentalsofIoTCommunicationTechnologySensornodesandtheirfunctionsSensornodesaredevicesthatcollectandtransmitdatafromtheirsurveysTheyaretypicallyrequiredwithsensors,processors,andcommunicationinterfacestoenabledataacquisitionandtransmissionTypesofsensornetworksSensornetworkscanbeclassifiedbasedontheirtopology,suchasstar,mesh,andtreenetworksEachtypehasitsownadvantagesanddisadvantagesintermsofscalability,reliability,andpowerconsumptionApplicationsofsensornetworksSensornetworksarewidelyusedinvariousapplicationssuchasenvironmentalmonitoring,smartagriculture,andindustrialautomationSensorNetworkTechnologyBluetoothtechnologyBluetoothisawirelesstechnologystandardthatallowsdevicestocommunicatewitheachotherovershortdistancesItiscommonlyusedinIoTapplicationstoconnectdevicessuchassmartphones,tablets,andwearablesWiFitechnologyWiFiisawirelessnetworkingtechnologythatallowsdevicestoconnecttotheinternetorcommunicatewitheachotherwirelesslyItiswidelyusedinIoTapplicationstoprovideinternetconnectivitytodevicesZigbeetechnologyZigbeeisalowpower,wirelessnetworkingprotocolthatisdesignedforuseinIoTapplicationsItistypicallyusedinhomeautomationandindustrialcontrolsystemsCloserangewirelesscommunicationtechnologyCellularnetworksforIoTCellularnetworkssuchas2G,3G,4G,and5GcanbeusedtoconnectIoTdevicestotheinternetThesenetworksprovidewidecoverageandhighdatarates,makingthemsuitableforavarietyofIoTapplicationsNarrowbandIoT(NBIoT)NBIoTisalowpower,wideareanetworkingtechnologythatisspecificallydesignedforIoTapplicationsItprovideseffectiveconnectivityfordevicesthatrequirelowdataratesandlongbatterylifeApplicationsofcellulartechnologyinIoTCellulartechnologyiswidelyusedinIoTapplicationssuchassmartmetering,assettracking,andremotemonitoringApplicationofcellularmobilecommunicationtechnologyintheInternetofThingsMQTTprotocolMQTT(MessageQueuingTelemetryTransport)isalightweightpublishsubscribemessagingprotocolthatiscommonlyusedinIoTapplicationsItprovideseffectivedatatransmissionandlowpowerconsumptionCoAPprotocolCoAP(ConstrainedApplicationProtocol)isaspecializedwebtransferprotocolforusewithconstrainednodesandnetworksintheInternetofThingsItisdesignedforeffectivecommunicationoverlowbandwidthandunrelatednetworksIoTcommunicationprotocolsandstandardsLoRaWANstandardLoRaWAN(LongRangeWideAreaNetwork)isawirelessnetworkingprotocolthatisdesignedforlowpower,wideareaIoTapplicationsItprovideslongrangeconnectivityandsupportsalargenumberofdevicesStandardsorganizationsforIoTThereareseveralstandardsorganizationsthatareinvolvedinthedevelopmentofIoTcommunicationprotocolsandstandards,suchastheInternetEngineeringTaskForce(IETF),theOpenConnectivityFoundation(OCF),andtheIndustrialInternetConsortium(IIC)IoTcommunicationprotocolsandstandards03IoTdevicesandsystemarchitectureIntroductiontoTypesandFunctionsofIoTDevicesSensorsCollectandtransmitdataaboutthephysicalenvironment,suchastemperature,humidity,andpressureActorsReceivecommandsfromtheIoTsystemandperformactions,suchasopeningavalveorswitchingonalightEmbeddedsystemsCombinehardwareandsoftwaretocontrolandmonitordevices,oftenwithreal-timeconstraintsSmartdevicesCombinethefunctionalityofsensors,actors,andembeddedsystemswithadditionalfeaturessuchasconnectivityandintelligenceCollectdatafromsensorsandotherdevicesandtransfersittothenetworklayerPerceptionlayerTransmitsdatabetweendevicesandtheapplicationlayer,oftenusingwirelessprotocolssuchasWiFiorLoRaNetworklayerProvidesservicessuchasdatastorage,processing,andanalytics,oftenusingcloudcomputinginfrastructurePlatformlayerDeliverersspecificIoTsolutionstoendusers,suchassmarthomeautomationorindustrialmonitoringsystemsApplicationlayerHierarchicaldivisionofIoTsystemarchitectureDatastorageandprocessingCloudplatformsprovidescalablestorageandprocessingpowerforIoTdataCloudbasedanalyticstoolscanprocessIoTdatainreal-time,advancinginsightsandpredictionsCloudplatformsenableremoteaccesstoIoTdevicesandsystemsformanagementandmonitoringpurposesCloudprovidersoffersecuritymeasurestoprotectIoTdataandensureprivacyRealtimeanalyticsRemotemanagementandmonitoringSecurityandprivacyApplicationofCloudComputingPlatformintheInternetofThingsBigdatatechnologiescanintegratedatafrommultipleIoTdevicesandsystems,makingiteasiertoanalyzeandvisualizeDataintegrationBigdatatoolscanprocesslargevolumesofIoTdatainreal-time,enablingfastdecisionmakingRealtimestreamprocessingByanalyzinghistoricalandreal-timeIoTdata,bigdatatechnologiescanpredictfuturetrendsandoutcomesPredictiveanalysesBigdatainsightscanbeusedtooptimizeIoTsystemsandautomaticprocesses,improvingefficiencyandreducingcostsOptimizationandautomationTheapplicationofbigdataprocessingtechnologyintheInternetofThings04ExplorationofInternetofThingsSecurityandPrivacyProtectionIssuesMalwareandViruses01MalicioussoftwareandvirusescanaffectIoTdevices,causingdamagetothesystemandpotentiallyStealingsensitiveinformationDenialofServiceAttacks02AttackerscanfloodIoTdeviceswithrequests,causingthemtooverloadandshutdown,disruptingservicesManintheMiddleAttacks03AttackerscaninterceptcommunicationbetweenIoTdevicesandtheirservers,potentiallyeavesdroppingonoralteringdataAnalysisofInternetofThingsSecurityThreatsApplicationofencryptionanddecryptiontechnologyintheInternetofThingsPKIusesdigitalcertificatestoauthenticatedevicesandencryptcommunication,ensuringsecuredatatransmissionPublicKeyInfrastructureEncryptiondatafromthepointoforigintothefinaldestinationsafeguardsthatonlyauthorizedpartiescanaccessitEndtoEndEncryptionTheseprotocolsencryptdatatransmittedbetweenIoTdevicesandservers,protectingagainsteavesdroppingandsamplingSecureSocketLayer/TransportLayerSecurityVerifyingtheidentityofIoTdevicesensuresthatonlyauthorizeddevicescanbeconnectedtothenetworkDeviceAuthenticationRequestinguserstoprovidecredentials,suchasusernamesandpasswords,helppreventunauthorizedaccesstoIoTsystemsUse