北京市海淀區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三年級上冊期末考試英語試卷

北京市海淀區(qū)20232024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末練習(xí)

高三英語

2024.01

本試卷共10頁，100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題紙上,在試卷上作答

無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。

第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié),30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項，并在

答題紙上將該項涂黑。

Backin2008,IwasteachingConceptsofFitnessinahighschool.Attheendofoneclass,I

chattedwithDavidGale,aseniorhighjumper,abouthowtoimprovehis]andhowmotivation

playedanimportantroleinone'sachievement.He,outoftheblue,askedmewhatwouldhappenif

hebroketheschoolrecord.

Not2ofhispassionanddetermination,Ipausedforamoment,butthenpromisedthatI

wouldpainthisnameonthewallofourclassroom.HewasveryexcitedandsuggestedthatIgo

purchasethepaint.

Nothingmorewasmentionedaboutthe3untiltwoweekslater,theyoungwarriorraninto

theclassroomwithahugesmileonhisface."Ididit!Ibroketherecord!"heshoutedasIwasstill

gatheringinformationto4whatIhadpromisedhim.Ijoinedinwiththehighfivesandfistbumps

5_him.

Thenextday,itwasdone!GALE.Hugeblueletterswithwhiteedges,theschoolcolors.Icould

seehisexcitementevensurpassedthesuccessitself.Actually,hiscoachsaidthewallwaspartofthe

6tobreaktherecord.

Whathappenednextwastotallyamazing.Manystudents,evenfromotherclasses,sawthename

onthewalland7howthey,too,couldbeconsideredforthewall.Withtheenormous8,1had

toaddmorenamestothewall,andmorethan100namesappearedthereinthefollowing10years.

Manyfolksadmittedtheywouldnothave9whattheydidifthewallhadn'tbeenpartofthe

reward.Moreimportantly,allthosewhosteppedfarbeyondtheirfortzonehelpedsetthe10

higher.

1.A.healthB.performanceC.talentD.knowledge

2.A.proudB.afraidC.certainD.fond

3.A.promiseB.recordC.suggestionD.news

4.A.describeB.recallC.explainD.picture

5.A.encouragingB.admiringC.congratulatingD.greeting

6.A.excitementB.confidenceC.creativityD.motivation

7.A.inquiredB.expectedC.insistedD.doubted

8.A.effortB.experienceC.stressD.response

9.A.adjustedB.achievedC.examinedD.displayed

10.A.paceB.stageC.barD.tone

第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給

出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題紙指定區(qū)域作答。

A

WhenMarkwasdrivingtothemartialartsgymwherehetrainsandvolunteers,hesaw11

lookedlikeapolicepursuit.SoonMarkrealizedtheofficerdidnothavecontrolofthesituation.

Jumpingoutofhiscar,Markidentifiedhimselfandspelledouthisintention12(make)it

twoononeintheofficer'sfavor.Then,withtheofficer13(struggle)tocontroltheman'supper

body,Markputhisweightontheman'slegs.Butthesuspectmanagedtorolltohisright,ontohis

stomach.Markimmediately14(apply)amartialmovetocontrolhisshoulderandupperbody.

Afewsecondslater,thesuspectgaveout.Theofficersecuredahandcuffandthethreatwasover.

B

Glassrecyclinghasbeesuchabigindustrythattheamountofglass15(recycle)isnot

meetingthedemandfornewglasstobeproduced.SomestatesinU.S.haveattemptedtoresolvethis

situationinhopesofencouragingthe16(produce)ofglassoverplasticbyofferingmonetary

incentives(獎勵)forglass.Forexample,Californiahasaspecialprogram17youcanearn

fivecentsformostglassbottlesaswellasplasticonesandaluminumcanslessthan24ounces.For

itemsover24ounces,youcanearn10centseach.

C

IntheStates,tourismisclearlynotanenvironmentally"clean"industry.Peopledonotjustshow

up,spend18(they)moneyandleave.Instead,theyshowup,andiftheyhavemoremoneythan

thelocalsdo,theymoveinandtellafriend.Somorepeopleareattracted19thisplaceandmore

homesarebuiltforthem.Butthesehomesareoftenpricingoutthelocals.Thehospitalityindustry

doescreatejobs,butmanyofthesejobsdon'tpayalot.Thetaxesthatefromtourism20(use)

tofixtheproblemsthattourismcausesinthefirstplace.

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將

該項涂黑。

A

DearColleague,

IamwritingwithinformationaboutBACUniversitySummerTerm'sfourexcitingprograms

forhighschoolstudents.Theseprogramsprovidetheopportunitytostudyataworldrenowneduni-

versity,strengthenEnglishlanguageskillsandenjoysummerinBoston.Hereisabriefoverviewof

ourprograms:

HighSchoolHonorsisasixweekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstakeBAC

Universityundergraduatecoursesandearnupto8transferablecollegecredits.Studentsmustbeen-

teringGrades1012infall2024.

AcademicImmersion(AIM)isathreeweeknoncreditresidentialprogramforstudentsto

focusintensivelyonasingleacademictopic.ThissummerweareofferingthreeAIMtracks:Intro-

ductiontoExperimentalPsychology,IntroductiontoMedicine,andCreativeWriting.Allthreetracks

bineclassroomworkwithhandsonexperientiallearningactivities.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade

11orGrade12infall2024.

SummerChallengeisatwoweekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstaketwonon-

creditseminarsoftheirchoiceandexperiencecollegelife.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade12infall

2024.

SummerPreviewisaoneweeknoncreditresidentialprograminwhichstudentsexploreone

subjectofinterestwhilepreviewingthecollegeexperience.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade9or

Grade10infall2024.

OurSummerTerm'sprogramsprovidestudentswithrigorousandcollaborativecollegelifeex-

periencesthatenablethemtogainastrongsenseoftheirpersonalandacademicpotential.Everyyear,

ourstudentsformstrongfriendshipsastheyundertakechallengingcourseworkandparticipatein

socialevents.

Ihaveenclosedaposterandaprogrambrochure.Ihopeyouwillsharethisinformationwith

yourstudents.Pleasefeelfreetocontactusviaemailatsummerhs@ifyouhaveanyquestions

aboutourprograms.

Warmly,

AmandaNelson

AssociateDirector

BAGUniversitySummerTerm

21.AGrade11studentinfall2024whoprefersonlineprogramscouldchoose.

A.HighSchoolHonorsB.AcademicImmersion

C.SummerChallengeD.SummerPreview

22.Accordingtothepassage,studentscan.

A.getatleast8transferablecreditsinHighSchoolHonors

B.gainbothknowledgeandpracticalexperienceinAIM

C.earncreditsfromthecoursesinSummerChallenge

D.engageinindepthresearchinSummerPreview

23.What'sAmandaNelson'spurposeinwritingtheletter?

A.Toevaluateasummercamp.B.Topromoteprecollegeprograms.

C.Toremenduniversitycourses.D.Tointroducecollegelearningprojects.

B

Inearly2018,1wastrainingfortheLondonMarathonthefirstandonlymarathonIwouldever

runinmylife.Ihadtreatedmyselftoanexpensivefitnesswatchthattrackedmytime,paceand

splits.

Attheendofmyfinaltrainingrunanexhausting21miles(34km)Ithrewmyselfdownonthe

floorthemomentIgothome,onlytoseemywatchhadfailedme.Twentyonemilesbrieflyflashed

onthescreenbeforeitwentblankanddisappearedforever.Iscreamedinpain.Thattragicimageof

mecryingonmylivingroomfloorprettymuchsumsupmyrelationshipwithexercisetrackingtech-

nology.

Itcanbeatotaljoytowatchyourdatachangeonrunningappsasyougetstrongerandfaster.I

oncegotakickoutofit,butatsomepointitbecameastickIusedtopunishmyself.Iwouldwatch

mypace,pareitwithotherpeople'sorcriticizemyselffornotdoingit30secondsfaster.Ineverreally

recognizedexercisetrackingasaproblem.Itseemedtomethattrackingwastheroutetoselfim-

provement,andthepointwastoimprove,wasn'tit?Thepointwastobebetter.

Inthepastyear,theconceptof"beingbetter"hastakenonadifferentmeaning.Mymentalhealth

dropped,andthingsthatwereonceeasysuchasbrushingmyteethbecameunimaginablydifficult.

Beingbetterstoppedmeaninggettingfasterorstronger.Itmeanttakingcareofmyselfandfeeling

somejoyinaday.OnceIstartedgettingbetter,Ireflectedonwhatinmylifemademehappyand

whatdidnot.So,Istoppedtrackingmyrunsandsimplydeletedyears*worthofdatathatwasonce

veryimportanttomeandnowmeantnothing.

WhathasbeeverycleartomesinceIquittrackingmyrunsisthatIgenuinelylovedoingthem.

Irunaroundmylocalparkwithasillylittlesmileonmyface.Iloveitsomuch.ButIdonotlove

runningquickly.Idonotlikeraces.Idonotwanttobepushedtobefaster.ThingsInoticeaboutiny

runsnowinclude:howmylegsfeelandhowmymindfeelsafterwardsclearandfocused.Inotice

dogs,thesmellofthewildplantsalongthecanalandthesunshine(OK,windandrain)onmyface.

Iambetter.OrsometimesIamworse.ButeitherwayTmslowlyploddingalong,andthat'sgood

enough.

24.Theauthorcriedafterthefinaltrainingrunbecauseshe.

A.hadtostopworkingoutB.becamephysicallywornout

C.lostthedataonthewatchD.feltasharppaininthelegs

25.Theauthorusedtoviewexercisetrackingas.

A.afunhobbyforenjoymentB.astrongneedforrecognition

C.amethodofescapingpunishmentD.awayofbeingabetterrunner

26.Whatdoes"beingbetter"meantotheauthornow?

A.Gettingpleasureoutofwinningraces.B.Beingmorefocusedonherlifegoal.

C.Freeingherselffromdemandingtasks.D.Improvingheroverallwellbeing.

27.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?

A.Adjustmentbringshappiness.B.Passionisthekeytosuccess.

C.Sportscontributetohappiness.D.Successequalsselfimprovement.

C

AshighereducationleadersdivedeeperintotheconversationonDigitalTransformationand

Education4.0,theyarealsolearninghowtoincorporatetheDigitalTwinsrealmconceptintotheir

curricula,becauseDigitalTwintechnologycanservetheuniversityofthefuture.

ADigitalTwinisavirtualrepresentationofarealobjectorsystemwhichisupdatedfrom

realtimedataandusesmachinelearning,simulation（模擬）,andreasoningtohelpdecisionmak-

ing.Inotherwords,aDigitalTwincancreateahighlyplexvirtualmodelwhichistheexactreplica

ofaphysicalthing.Connectedsensorsonasmartcampuscancollectdatainrealtime.Thisdatais

usedtocreateamapontothevirtualmodel,thuscreatingaDigitalTwinofacampus.Whenschool

administratorslookattheDigitalTwin,theycanseecrucialinformationabouthowtherealcampus

isdoing.

TheapplicationsforDigitalTwintechnologydonotstopthere.Studentsandfacultycanbenefit

fromusingthetechnologyaswell.Forexample,hybridclassroomshavebeemoreandmoremon

nowadays.Digitaltechnologieshaveacceleratedthetransitionintotheuniversityofthefuture.Dig-

italTwintechnology,oneofthetrendingtechnologiesrelatedtoIndustry4.0,helpsfacultycreate

simulationmodelsbasedoncourserequirements.

DigitalTwintechnologymakestheultimateimmersivelearningexperiencepossible.Byusing

aDigitalTwin,studentscanlearnhighlyengagingtaskswhichcanbetoodangerous,plex,orexpen-

sivefortheclassroom.Ratherthanhandsonlaboratorydissectionofaphysicalfrogtolearnanimal

scienceorhavingtowaitforavailablehumanorgansinthehealthsciencelab,medicalstudentscan

usethevirtualtwinofananimalorhumanorgansfortheirstudy.

Theplexityofchemistryormicrobiologyrequiresstudentstobetotallyengaged.ByusingDig-

italTwinsinaVirtualRealitysimulatedlearningexperience,facultycanachieveamaximumlevel

ofengagementhelpingeachstudentlearnabstractconceptsintheirownuniquewayandmuchfaster.

Byrunningsimulations,studentscanbetterexploresystembehaviorunderdifferentconditions,un-

derstandfailureanddevelopanunderstandingofsystemsensibilitiesaswellashowchangesinthe

systemparameters（參數(shù)）andexternaldisruptionsmakeanimpactontheresults.

Someuniversities,suchasStanfordandCopenhagenSchoolofMarineEngineering,havein-

corporatedDigitalTwintechnologyintotheirteachingcurricula,applyingittodisciplineslikearchi-

tectureandengineeringastheybelievetheyaretherealityoftheindustry.Overall,thisenhances

studentmotivation,acceleratesunderstanding,andimprovestheoveralllearningexperience.Moreo-

ver,theindustryencouragesuniversitiestoincorporateeducationalDigitalTwinsinautomationto

givestudentstheinitialunderstandingoftoolsandskillstheywillneedintheirfuture.

28.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatDigitalTwins.

A.remainaconceptB.arevirtualcopiesofrealobjects

C.representfutureeducationD.canoperatecampusesremotely

29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmighttheauthoragreewith?

A.Education4.0facilitatesthedevelopmentofDigitalTwins.

B.Newtechnologyposespotentialthreatstocollegeteachers.

C.DigitalTwintechnologyinhighereducationisonthehorizon.

D.VirtualclassroomshavegrowninpopularityunderIndustry4.0.

30.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?

D

Theideathatweneedtoeatmeattogetenoughproteinandiron,afalseassumptionofsome

Paleodiet（原始飲食）advocates,isamonmisconception.Itignorestheabundanceofproteinand

ironinmanyplantbasedfoodssuchasnutsandseeds.Likewise,whilewetypicallyassociateomega3

fattyacidswithfish,fishthemselvesincorporatetheseintotheirtissuebyeatingseaweed,whichwe

canconsumedirectlywithouttheconcernsofexposuretomicroplasticsinfishflesh.

Indeed,awholefood,plantbaseddietcanprovideallessentialnutrientsexceptforvitaminB12,

madebybacteriainsoilandingestedbyanimals,therebyincorporatedintotheirtissue,milk,and

eggs.

Whilemodemsanitationallowshumanstoconsumecleanproduceunpollutedbydirt,wecan

easilyandcheaplyobtainoralB12supplements.

Evidently,significantlyreducingourconsumptionofmeatwouldcarryvastbenefits.Cardio-

vasculardiseaseremainstheleadingcauseofdeatharoundtheworld.Eatinghighlyprocessedfoods

andredmeathasbeenrepeatedlydemonstratedtopromoteunderlyingmechanismsofcancerand

cardiovasculardisease,suchasinflammation（炎癥）anddamagetotheliningofbloodvessels

（血管）.

Mountingevidencepointstothebenefitsofawholefood,plantbaseddiet.Studiesfrom2017

foundthatavegetariandietisassociatedwitha25percentrelativeriskreductionforcoronaryheart

diseaseandan8percentrelativeriskreductionforcancer,withavegandietrelatedtoa15percent

relativeriskreductionforcancer.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasclassifiedprocessedmeatas

carcinogenic（致癌的）,and（unprocessed）redmeatasprobablycarcinogenictohumans.

Inadditiontoharmingourselves,eatingmeatharmsothers.Factoryfarmingpracticesoftenen-

tailunspeakablecrueltytoanimals,andworkingconditionsforhumanlaborersareoftenunsafeand

inhumaneaswell.Overcrowdingoflivestockandworkerspromotesthespreadofdiseaseamong

bothpeopleandanimals,puttingusalatriskforfuturepandemics.Theoveruseof"routine"antibi-

otics（抗生素）toaccelerateanimalgrowthandprecautiouslytreattheinfectionsanticipatedasa

resultoflivinginuncleanandovercrowdedconditionscanpromoteantibioticresistance.

Whilelargescale,wellcoordinatednationalandinternationalactionisundoubtedlyneededto

fightunscrupulousfactoryfarmingpracticesandtoensuretheavailabilityofnutritiousandhealthy

foodforallcitizens,thosewithgreaterinfluence,suchasphysicians,educatorsandpolicymakers,

shouldconsidertheimportanceofactingasrolemodelsforhealthybehaviorsthemselvesaswellas

advocatingforpoliciesthatensurebetternutritionalaccessandeducationforothers.

Alloftheseshouldnotbeexcusesforindividualstoresistimplementingchangeintheirown

livesandmunities.Societieschangewhenenoughindividualswithinthemaltertheirbehavior,and

itisuptoeachofustoactasachangeagentinwhatevercapacitywecan.Wewouldallbewell

servedtopullthisleverinourownlivesaswell.

31.Theauthorwritesthefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyto.

A.showtheconcernsofPaleodietadvocates

B.parethedifferencesbetweentwodiets

C.highlighttheimportanceofnutritionintake

D.pointoutamisunderstandinginnutritionsource

32.Whichofthefollowinglogicchainsisreasonableaccordingtothepassage?

A.""?嗎r'2—?animaltissue—>cleanproduce—>?supplementsin

nS01humans

Bprocessedfoodinflammation-?b|oodIsseis一heartdiseases

avegetarian__reductionof_lowerriskofAavegandiet

C.diet~heartdiseasescancers

overcrowdedspreadof_overuseof_?antibiotic

D.conditionsdiseases―Aantibioticsresistance

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"unscrupulous"inParagraph6probablymean?

A.Illegal.B.Unfair.C.Immoral.D.Unnecessary.

34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AMeatlessDietIsBetterforYou

B.FoodProblemsCallforJointEfforts

C.SayNotoProcessedMeatConsumption

D.EatableGreensorNot?ThatIsaQuestion

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該

項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Wehumansareparisoncreatures.35Thisqualitymayhaveevolvedasameansofhelping

usfitintothesocialhierarchy（等級）oftheculturesweinhabited.Regardlessofthereasons,

socialparisonplaysasignificantroleinhowweviewandevaluateourselves,andhowweinteract

withourworld.

Itusedtobethatourprimaryreferenceofparisonwasourlocalmunities,primarilyneighbors

andcoworkers.Becausewetendtogatheraroundthosesimilartoourselvesintermsofeducational

level,workine,andsharedinterests,therangeofdifferenceswhenweparedourselvestootherswas

fairlysmall.Unfortunately,withtheemergenceoftheInternet,wecannowpareourselvestoliterally

anyoneintheworld.36Whathadinpreviousgenerationsbeenasmallgapinourparisonshas

nowbeesolargeandunattainable.

37WhensomanypeoplethatareeasilydiscoverableontheInternetseemtobesosuccessful,

famous,influentialandbeautiful,givenourpreferencetopare,itisdifficultnottohaveitinfluence

howweviewourselves.Sadly,theseparisonsusuallyresultinourfeelinginadequateand"lessthan”.

Theseharmfulparisonsalsodamageouremotionallives.Whenwefeellacking,weexperience

avarietyofunpleasantandunhealthyemotions.Wefeeljealousyandenvyforwhatothershaveand

whatwelack.38

It'sonethingtorealizethatyoupareyourselftoothers.It'sanotherthingtorecognizethatsocial

parisonisoftencorrosive（逐步侵蝕的）toyouinsomanywayspsychologicallyandemotionally.

It'sanentirelyotherthingtostopyourselffromparingyourselftoothers.39

A.Weareconstantlymeasuringourselvesagainstotherpeople.

B.Yetitispossible,anditisworththeeffortforyourmentalhealth.

C.Thus,wearenowexposedtogroupsthatarequitedifferentfromus.

D.Webelievethatthereissomethingwrongwithusparedtoothers.

E.Wecanevenfeelbitternessandangeratothersfortheunfairnessofitall.

F.paringourselvestoothershasthepotentialtoincreaseourlifeexperience.

G.Thisnewlevelofparisonhashugeimplicationsforourpsychologicallives.

第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié),32分）

第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題紙指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。

Egocentrismistheinabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandanyperspectiveotherthanone'sown.To

thosewhoareegocentric,therearetwotypesofopinions: