哲學(xué)理論 - 改革開放

改革開放保險(xiǎn)業(yè)Theinsuranceindustry保證重點(diǎn)支出Ensurefundingforpriorityareas被兼并或擠掉annexedorforcedoutofbusiness補(bǔ)發(fā)拖欠的養(yǎng)老金

Clearuppensionpaymentsinarrears不良貸款

Non—performingloan產(chǎn)值outputvalue城鄉(xiāng)信用社CreditCooperativeinbothurbanandruralareas城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障

Aminimumstandardoflivingforcityresidents城鎮(zhèn)職工醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度

Thesystemofmedicalinsuranceforurbanworkers抽樣調(diào)查datafromthesamplesurvey初步建立社會(huì)主義計(jì)劃商品經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制。Toestablishatapreliminarylevelanewsystemofsocialistplannedcommodityeconomy.貸款質(zhì)量Loanquality第二產(chǎn)業(yè)secondaryindustry第三產(chǎn)業(yè)tertiaryindustry第一產(chǎn)業(yè)primaryindustry獨(dú)資企業(yè)whollyforeignowned/fundedenterprise發(fā)電量electricenergyproduction發(fā)揮市場的調(diào)節(jié)作用togiveplaytotheregulatoryroleofthemarket發(fā)展過快excessivegrowth防范和化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

Takeprecautionsagainstandreducefinancialrisks非法外匯交易Illegalforeignexchangetransaction非公有成分non-publicsectors非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)

Non-bankfinancialinstitutions分配形式formsofdistribution風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資金riskfunds副業(yè)sidelineproduction改革重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到城市thefocusofreformisshiftedtothecities改善經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境improveeconomicenvironment搞活企業(yè)invigorate/revitalize/rejuvenateenterprises各盡所能，按勞/需分配。Fromeachaccordingtohisability,toeachaccordingtohiswork/needs.跟蹤審計(jì)

Follow-upauditing工程監(jiān)理制度Themonitoringsystemforprojects公有制publicownership鼓勵(lì)giveincentiveto管理不善poormanagement國際收支internationalbalanceofpayments國家保障國有經(jīng)濟(jì)的鞏固和發(fā)展。Thestateensurestheconsolidationandgrowthofthestateeconomy.國家的根本任務(wù)是，集中力量進(jìn)行社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)Thebasictaskofthenationistoconcentrateitseffortsonsocialistmodernization.國民生產(chǎn)總值GNP(GrossNationalProduct)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDP(GrossDomesticProduct)國有經(jīng)濟(jì)，即社會(huì)主義全民所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，是國民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的主導(dǎo)力量。Thestateeconomyisthesectorofsocialisteconomyunderownershipbythewholepeople;itistheleadingforceinthenationaleconomy.過度開墾Excessreclamation合資企業(yè)jointventure合作企業(yè)cooperativeenterprise和平演變peacefulevolution宏觀控制exercisemacro-control積極的財(cái)政政策Pro-activefiscalpolicy基本生活費(fèi)Basicallowances基石cornerstone計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合的機(jī)制amechanismthatcombinesplannedeconomyandmarketregulation家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)責(zé)任承包制family-contractresponsibilitysystem解除勞動(dòng)關(guān)系Severlaborrelations解放生產(chǎn)力liberate/unshackle/releasetheproductiveforces金融監(jiān)管責(zé)任制Theresponsibilitysystemforfinancialsupervision經(jīng)濟(jì)安全Economicsecurity經(jīng)濟(jì)和法律的杠桿economicandlegalleverages經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合tocombineeconomicplanningwithmarketregulation經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革Reformineconomicstructure經(jīng)營機(jī)制operativemechanism精華、精粹、實(shí)質(zhì)quintessence舉措move靠擴(kuò)大財(cái)政赤字搞建設(shè)

Toincreasethedeficittospendmoreondevelopment扣除物價(jià)上漲部分priceincreasearededucted(excluded)擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)需求Theexpansionofdomesticdemand拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長

Fueleconomicgrowth厲行節(jié)約，反對(duì)浪費(fèi)topracticestricteconomyandcombatwaste糧食倉庫Graindepot糧食銷售市場Grainsalesmarket劣質(zhì)工程

Shoddyengineering林業(yè)forestry零售retail流通制度circulationsystem亂收費(fèi)、亂攤派、亂罰款

Arbitrarycharges,fund-raising,quotasandfines農(nóng)業(yè)farming全民所有制ownershipbytheentire/wholepeople全體會(huì)議plenarysession人均國民生產(chǎn)總值percapitaGNP人均收入percapitaincome融資渠道Financingchannels善于接受的receptive商品經(jīng)濟(jì)commodityeconomy社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)Socialsecurityinstitution社會(huì)主義的最終目標(biāo)是解放生產(chǎn)力，消滅剝削，消除貧富兩極分化，最終達(dá)到共同富裕。Themaingoalsofsocialismaretheliberationanddevelopmentofproductiveforces,theeliminationofexploitationandpolarizationbetweentherichandthepoorandthefinalachievementofcommonprosperity.社會(huì)主義集體所有制socialistcollectiveownership社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的基礎(chǔ)是生產(chǎn)資料的社會(huì)主義公有制，即全民所有制和勞動(dòng)群眾集體所有制。Thebasisofthesocialisteconomicsystemissocialistpublicownershipofthemeansofproduction,namely,ownershipbythewholepeopleandcollectiveownershipbytheworkingpeople.生產(chǎn)關(guān)系relationsofproduction生產(chǎn)力productiveforces生產(chǎn)資料meansofproduction生活資料meansoflivelihood/subsistence剩余勞動(dòng)力Surpluslabor失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)金Unemploymentinsurancebenefits實(shí)際增長率actualgrowthrate實(shí)事求是seektruthfromfacts實(shí)在的tangible使負(fù)擔(dān)besaddledwith試一下haveago(atsth.)輸入活力bringvigorinto私有制privateownership隨著改革的深化，國家指令性計(jì)劃的范圍將會(huì)縮小，而市場調(diào)節(jié)的范圍將會(huì)擴(kuò)大。Asthereformfurtherdevelops,thescopeformandatorystateplanswillbenarrowed,whilethescopeformarketforceswillbeenlarged.偷稅、騙稅、逃稅、抗稅Taxevasion,taxfraudandrefusalpaytaxes投入input外資企業(yè)foreign-fundedenterprise我們辨別的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是看這樣做是否有利于發(fā)展社會(huì)主義的生產(chǎn)力，是否有利于增強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義國家的綜合國力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。Thecriterionforourjudgmentiswhetherthemovefacilitatesthedevelopmentofsocialistproductiveforces,whetherithelpsincreasetheoverallnationalstrengthofasocialistcountry,andwhetheritbringsaboutbetterlivingstandards.畜牧業(yè)animalhusbandry一個(gè)中心、兩個(gè)基本點(diǎn)onecentraltaskandtwobasicpoints以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則（1）社會(huì)主義道路（2）黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)（3）人民民主專政（4）馬列主義毛澤東思想、堅(jiān)持改革開放thecentraltaskreferstoeconomicconstructionandtwobasicpointsarethefourcardinalprinciples-adherencetothesocialistroad,toCommunistPartyleadership,tothepeople'sdemocraticdictatorshipandtoMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought-andpersistinginreformandopening.引入歧途leadonetoablindalley優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)optimizetheeconomicstructure有色金屬nonferrousmetals有效地控制通貨膨脹effectivelycontrolinflation漁業(yè)fishing增額、增值、增長increment整頓經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序rectifyeconomicorder逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、國防和