語(yǔ)法專題11 there be句型和介詞

語(yǔ)法專題11therebe句型和介詞一、Therebe句型1.構(gòu)成Therebe句型表示的是“某處有/存在某人或某物”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“Therebe(is，are)＋名詞＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)”。Thereareforty-twostudentsinourclass.我們班有42名同學(xué)。Thereisapencilinmypencil-box.我的鉛筆盒里有一支鉛筆。2.各種句式(1)否定句：Therebe＋not＋名詞＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。其中not也可以用no表示。即：no＋名詞＝nota/an/any＋名詞。她的包里有個(gè)橘子。Thereisanorangeinherbag.→Thereisnoorangeinherbag.＝Thereisn’tany/anorangeinherbag.樹上有幾只鳥。Therearesomebirdsinthetree.→Therearenobirdsinthetree.＝Therearen’tanybirdsinthetree.(2)一般疑問(wèn)句：Bethere＋名詞＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)？回答：Yes,therebe./No,therbe＋not.她的手提包里有點(diǎn)錢。Thereissomemoneyinherhandbag.—Isthereanymoneyinherhandbag?—Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.【留意】確定句變?yōu)榉穸ň浠蛞话阋蓡?wèn)句時(shí)，句中的some應(yīng)改為any。(3)特殊疑問(wèn)句：①對(duì)Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中名詞的數(shù)量提問(wèn)：當(dāng)對(duì)可數(shù)名詞的量提問(wèn)時(shí)用：Howmany＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋arethere＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)？當(dāng)對(duì)不行數(shù)名詞的量提問(wèn)時(shí)用：Howmuch＋不行數(shù)名詞＋isthere＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)？這條街上有40個(gè)商店。Therearefortyshopsonthisstreet.→Howmanyshopsarethereonthisstreet?樹上有一只鳥。Thereisabirdinthetree.→Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?桌子上有一些面包。Thereissomebreadonthetable.→Howmuchbreadisthereonthetable?②對(duì)Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞提問(wèn)時(shí)用：指物：Whatis＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)？指人：Whois＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)？課桌上有很多書。Therearemanybooksonthedesk.→What’sonthedesk?房間里有三個(gè)男孩兒。Therearethreeboysintheroom.→Whoisintheroom?3.用法(1)Therebe句型中，be動(dòng)詞的形式要和其后的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持全都。Thereisabasketballinthebox.盒子里有一個(gè)籃球。Therearemanypeopleinthehall.大廳里有很多人。(2)假如有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞作主語(yǔ)，be動(dòng)詞要和最靠近它的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持全都，也就是我們常說(shuō)的“就近原則”。Thereisanappleandsomebananasinthebasket.籃子里有一個(gè)蘋果和一些香蕉。Therearesomebananasandanappleinthebasket.籃子里有一些香蕉和一個(gè)蘋果。4.therebe與have的區(qū)分(1)therebe句型表示“有”時(shí)，側(cè)重于客觀，表示“某處有/存在某人或某物”，此時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)此物歸誰(shuí)全部。(2)have表示“有”時(shí)，側(cè)重于主觀，表示“某人擁有某物”，此時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)“所屬關(guān)系”，主語(yǔ)多是人。(3)二者有時(shí)可以通用，表示“某物本身?yè)碛小?。Theroomhastendesks.＝Therearetendesksintheclassroom.教室里有十張桌子。學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)需要留意的問(wèn)題：therebe句型表示有某人或某物。其構(gòu)成是：Therebe＋人或物＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(常由介詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成).【考向一】therebe句型的主語(yǔ)通常在be之后。假如句子的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞，be用is；假如句子主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，be用are。Thereissomemilkinthebottle.瓶子里有些奶。Therearesomepencilsinmypencilbox.我的鉛筆盒里有些鉛筆。【典例】There________acardontheteacher’sdeskfiveminutesago,butnowitisgone.A.have B.is C.was【答案】C【解析】考查therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)是acard，為單數(shù)，排解A；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)fiveminutesago可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選C。【考向二】therebe的疑問(wèn)句式要把be提到there前，確定回答為“Yes,thereis/are.”，否定回答為“No,thereisn’t/aren’t.”。留意不要用“Yes,itis/theyare.”或“No,itisn’t/theyaren’t.”來(lái)回答?！狝rethereanyflowersinyourschool?你們學(xué)校里有一些花嗎？—Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.是的，有。/不，沒(méi)有?！狪sthereabagonthechair?椅子上有個(gè)包嗎？—Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.是的，有。/不，沒(méi)有?！镜淅?.—________thereanylivingthingsonotherplanets?—Ihavenoidea.Maybewecanknowmoreaboutthatinthefuture.A.Is B.AreC.Has D.Have【答案】B2.—Isthereawatermelononthetable?—________A.Yes,thereis. B.Yes,itis.C.No,thereis. D.No,itisn’t.【答案】A【解析】本題用語(yǔ)境推斷法。Isthere...？是therebe句型的一般疑問(wèn)句，確定回答用“Yes,thereis.”；否定回答用“No,thereisn’t.”?！究枷蛉縯herebe的否定句式是在be后面加not，isnot可縮寫為isn’t；arenot可縮寫為aren’t。Therearesomegirlsinthephoto.那張照片中有些女孩。Therearen’tanygirlsinthephoto.(否定句)那張照片中沒(méi)有女孩?！镜淅俊猈eorderedbeefnoodles,but________anybeefinthenoodles.—Putonyourglassesandyoucanseethebeef.A.thereisn’t B.thereisC.therearen’t D.thereare【答案】A【考向四】therebe后跟兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上主語(yǔ)時(shí)，be的數(shù)要與離它最近的主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持全都，即“就近原則”。表示場(chǎng)所、方向的介詞（1）表示場(chǎng)所的介詞：at,in,on,under,by,near,between,around,opposite（2）表示方向的介詞：into,outof,along,across,through,up,past①at,inat在某地（表示比較狹窄的場(chǎng)所）atschool上學(xué) athome在家standatthedoor站在門邊 atafactory在一家工廠atthebottomof在……下面 attheparty在聚會(huì)上attheendof在……末尾 atthetable在桌旁atthestation在火車站 atthecrossroads在十字路口atwork在上班 atthebusstop在公共汽車站?I’llmeethimattheBeijingrailwaystation.我將去北京站接他。in在某地（表示比較寬敞的場(chǎng)所）inBeijing在北京 intheworld在世界上 inthehouse在房子里?Hisbrotherisinprisonandwasarrested2yearsago.他哥哥兩年前被捕現(xiàn)在在監(jiān)獄中服刑。?ShewasborninChina.她是在中國(guó)誕生的。②on,above,over,under,belowon在……上面，有接觸面。onthedesk在桌子上面；onthemap在地圖上。on在……靠近……的地方ontheright在右邊 onthescreen在屏幕上 ontheriver在河邊 onthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)onthefloor在地板上 ontheisland/beach在島上/海濱 onthepavement在人行道上above在……上方?Ourplaneflewabovetheclouds.我們的飛機(jī)在云端上飛行。over在……正上方，是under的反義詞?ThereisalightoverLiMing.李明的正上方有一盞燈。?Afewbirdswereflyingoverthesea.有幾只鳥在海上飛。?under在……下面；在……之內(nèi)underthetable桌子下面 underthejacket在夾克內(nèi)?Thedogisunderthetable.這只狗在桌子下面。below在……下方（不肯定是正下方）正下方是under，below是above的反義詞。?Therearealotoffishesbelowthesurfaceofthewater.水面下有很多各式各樣的魚。③near,bynear近的，不遠(yuǎn)的near=notfar，是far的反義詞。near還可以指時(shí)間。inthenearfuture在不久的將來(lái)?Isthereabusstopnearhere?這兒四周有公共汽車站嗎？by在……旁邊，距離比near要近bythewindow在窗戶旁邊 byme在我旁邊?Theboyisstandingbythewindow.這個(gè)男孩正站在窗戶旁邊。④between,among,aroundbetween在兩者之間?MyteacherissittingbetweenTomandMike.我們的老師正坐在湯姆和邁克之間。?What’sthedifferencebetweenAandB?A和B之間有什么區(qū)分？among在三者或更多的之中?Thereisabeautifulhouseamongthetrees.在樹林之中有一間秀麗的房子。?Heisverypopularamongthestudents.他在同學(xué)之中很受歡迎（很出名）。around環(huán)繞，在……四周，在……四周?Wesataroundthetable.我們?cè)谧雷铀闹茏聛?lái)。?Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。⑤infrontof，behind，oppositeinfrontof早……的前面；在……的前部?Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse.?Thereisabigdeskfortheteacherinthefrontoftheclassroom.在教室的前部有一張大講桌。behind在……后面behind是infrontof的反義詞?Thereisatreebehindmyhouse.我家房子后面有一顆樹。?Thereisatreeatthebackofmyhouse.我家房子后面有一棵樹。opposite在……對(duì)面?Ourschoolisoppositeauniversity,我們學(xué)校在一所高校的對(duì)面。?Hestoodoppositeme.他站在我對(duì)面。⑥in,into,outof,upin在……之內(nèi)，用于表示靜止的位置?Thestudentsareintheclassroom.同學(xué)們?cè)诮淌依?。into進(jìn)入用于表有特定終點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)的方向。通常用于表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞之后,如go,come,walk,run等。?Thestudentsrunintotheclassroom.同學(xué)們跑進(jìn)教室。?Hejumpedintothewater.他跳入水中。outof和into一樣，也表示有肯定的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向?Thestudentsrushedoutoftheroom.同學(xué)們沖出房間。outof的基本含義：從……到外面，離開；在……范圍之外；從（某個(gè)數(shù)）之中up移動(dòng)?Thechildrenclimbedupthetree.孩子們爬上了樹。⑦along,across,past,throughalong沿著?Iwaswalkingalongtheriverwhenitbegantorain.我正沿著河邊閑逛?????，突然下起雨來(lái)了。across橫過(guò)?Ioftenswimacrosstheriver.我常游泳橫渡這條河。past經(jīng)過(guò)?Everydayherunspastthecityhall.他每天跑步經(jīng)過(guò)市政府。through貫穿，通過(guò)?Thesunshonethroughtheclouds.陽(yáng)光穿過(guò)云層照射下來(lái)。?Theriverwasthroughthecity.這條河穿過(guò)這個(gè)城市。⑧to,from,for單詞含義例句to到達(dá)……地點(diǎn)（目的地）或方向HecametoJapanin1980.他1980年來(lái)到日本。from從……地點(diǎn)起leaverfor動(dòng)身去……startfor動(dòng)身去……IwillleaveforAmericanextweek.下周我將動(dòng)身去美國(guó)。for表示目的地，＂向……＂for表目的時(shí)，一般都是和固定動(dòng)詞搭配。It’sabouttenminutes’walkfromheretothecinema.從這兒到電影院大約需步行格外鐘。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Thereisablackboard_________thewall.A．in B．a(chǎn)t C．on D．behind2．Wewanttobuild(建筑)anothernewGreatGreenWall________thenorthernpartofChina.A．a(chǎn)mong B．a(chǎn)crossC．through D．between3．Iusuallysit________theclassroom,sothatIcanheartheteacherwholikestostand________theclassclearly.A．infrontof;inthefrontof B．inthefrontof;infrontofC．infrontof;infrontof D．inthefrontof;inthefrontof4．Ihaveadictionary.It’s________thecomputerandthewall.A．behind B．betweenC．before D．under5．Lilyissonervousthatshecan’ttalk________theclass.A．behind B．nextto C．infrontof D．beside6．—Excuseme,isthereabanknearhere?

—No,________.ButyoucanfindoneinYangFangRoad.A．thereisn’t B．itisn’t C．thereis7．—What’sonthetable?—________somebreadonit.A．Thereis B．Thereare C．Theyare8．—Look!Ablindmanisinthemiddleofthestreet.It’stoodangerous.

—Let’shelphimgo________thestreet.A．cross B．through C．a(chǎn)cross9．WhileIamstanding________thewindow,Iseesomeboysrunning________thestreet.A．by;along B．on;at C．in;on D．to;in10．Remembertospendsometime________yourfamily.A．from B．with C．in D．on11．—Guess,howmuchisit?—Ithinkitis________15and20dollars.A．from B．between C．a(chǎn)mong D．with12．There________twoclothesstoresandapolicestationinourneighborhood.A．is B．has C．a(chǎn)re D．have13．Canyouseethebuilding________thebank?A．next B．over C．a(chǎn)cross D．opposite14．Arivergoes________thevillageandmakesitintotwoparts.A．over B．under C．a(chǎn)cross D．through15．—Whatcanyousee,Maria?—Icanseeacar________thehouseandaboyissitting________it.A．infrontof;infrontof B．infrontof;inthefrontof C．inthefrontof;infrontof16．Thetwoboyshelpedtheoldmango________thestreetjustnow.A．a(chǎn)bove B．over C．through D．a(chǎn)cross17．A:Thereisatree________ofourclassroom.B:Yes,itisbig.Look!Thereisabird________it.A．infront;on B．inthefront;on C．infront;in D．inthefront;in18．Thesupermarketisacross________thepark.A．to B．in C．from D．for19．Walk________thisstreet,andyoucanseeit.A．in B．a(chǎn)long C．on D．near20．—WhatdidSnowWhitedo________suchasnowynight?—Shewalked________thedarkforestalone.A．in;through B．in;across C．on;through D．on;along21．Thereisabigtree________thehouse.A．infrontof B．inthefrontof C．on D．to22．Isthereariver________thehouse?A．to B．of C．in D．behind23．There________afootballmatchbetweenArgentinaandSpainnextweek.A．willhave B．has C．have D．willbe24．Itrytogetintotheroom________thewindowbecauseIcan’topenthedoor.A．cross B．thought C．a(chǎn)cross D．through25．Theyarehavingdinner________thetable________thewindow.A．a(chǎn)t;by B．on;near C．a(chǎn)t;in D．on;by26．Thereisablackboard_______theclassroom.A．infrontof B．in C．behind D．on27．There’saboat__________theriver.A．on B．in C．between D．behind28．Inordertoseethebeautifulsunrise,Iusuallygoforawalk________theriverinthemorning.A．a(chǎn)cross B．in C．a(chǎn)long D．on29．Ilikewalkingmydog________theparkroadafterdinnereveryday.It’sgoodformyhealth.A．a(chǎn)bove B．on C．under D．a(chǎn)long30．Adogissittinginfront________thehouse.A．on B．of C．to D．in31．IlikethispieceofmusicbecauseIcansing________it.A．a(chǎn)longand B．a(chǎn)longwith C．with D．a(chǎn)long32．Mygrandma’spetcatgoes________thewindowandrunsintoherroom.A．a(chǎn)cross B．through C．over D．in33．Theparkis________yourhome.Youcanwalk________there.A．near;to B．farfrom;/ C．near;/ D．close;to34．There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A．was B．isgoingtohave C．willhave D．isgoingtobe35．Thereisabridge________theriver.Becarefulwhenyou________it.A．a(chǎn)bove;across B．a(chǎn)bove;cross C．over;across D．over;cross36．Boys,thereisabridge________theriver.Becarefulwhenyougo________it.A．a(chǎn)cross;over B．cross;over C．over;cross D．over;across37．—________there________anoperashownextweek?—Yes,thereis.A．Will;be B．Will;have C．Is;goingtohave D．Is;goingtobe38．―________there__________a“helpinghands”meetingthisweekend?―Yes,allthevolunteerswillgotoit.A．Is;goingtohave B．Is;haveC．Is;be D．Is;goingtobe39．—WilltherebeanInternationalFilmFestivalinAugust?—Yes,________.A．thereis B．thereare C．therewill D．therewillbe40．Thereisabridge_________theriver.Becarefulwhenyou_________it.A．over,cross B．over,across C．a(chǎn)cross,over D．cross,over二、完形填空ThamesisthemostimportantriverinGreatBritain.Therearetwenty--seven41overtheriver.TowerBridgehasstoodovertheRiverThamesinLondonsince1894.Itisoneofthe42bridgesofall.43makesTowerBridgesoamazing(令人驚異的)?Whydosomanyvisitorscomingfrom44theworldgotoseeit?ItisbecauseTowerBridgecanopeninthemiddle.Itdoesthistoletbigshipsgo45tothePoolofLondon.ItistheonlybridgeinLondonthatcanberaisedtoallow46topass.Youare47enoughtoseethebridgewithitstwoopeningarmshighintheair.Youcan48thewonderfulviews(景色)oftheriveronit.49itsnorthsidestandstheTowerofLondon.Theylookveryold,andyoumaythinktheyareofthesameage.However,youare50.Thetowerisalmostonethousandyearsold,butTowerBridgeisonlyaboutonehundredyearsold.41．A．theatres B．parks C．stores D．bridges42．A．mostfamous B．largest C．longest D．highest43．A．When B．How C．What D．Where44．A．a(chǎn)llover B．a(chǎn)bove C．a(chǎn)mong D．between45．A．a(chǎn)long B．over C．out D．through46．A．cars B．ships C．planes D．bikes47．A．famous B．rich C．lucky D．old48．A．enjoy B．like C．take D．discover49．A．In B．On C．At D．Of50．A．right B．clever C．wrong D．serious從每小題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。MynameisJulie.Iamtheonlygirloutof51childreninmyfamily.Ihavethreebrothers.Their52arePeter,JackandJames.Thisyearmyfamily53toanewcityandwerentabigapartment.Iliveathomewithmyparentsandthreebrothers.It’sabighouse54thelake（湖）onahill.Weallhaveourownrooms.Look,theroomwithabigwindowis55.Icanseetrees,birdsandflowersfromthe56.Ilikeourhouseverymuch!Mybrothers57likethehouse.Theycan58footballonthehill.Andit’soneoftheirfavorite59todo.Myparentslikethehouse,too.Therearen’tmanypeople60onthehill.Myparentslikequiet（安靜的）andcleanplaces.Wearehappyandhavingagoodtimehere.51．A．two B．three C．four52．A．names B．numbers C．cards53．A．run B．get C．move54．A．in B．on C．near55．A．yours B．mine C．ours56．A．garden B．yard C．window57．A．a(chǎn)lso B．only C．a(chǎn)lways58．A．make B．study C．play59．A．subjects B．ways C．things60．A．learning B．living C．walking三、閱讀理解AOneday,atiredwoman,MrsBrown,comestoseeherdoctor.Shesays,“Doctor,therearealotofdogsoutsidemyhouse.Theybarkalldayandallnight,soIcan’tgetagoodsleep.Canyouhelpme?“

“Ihavegoodnewsforyou.“saysthedoctor,givinghersamepills(藥丸).“Herearesomenewsleepingpillsthatworkverywell.Takeafewoftheseandyourtroublewillbeover.”

“Great.Thankyou.”MrsBrowngoesbackhomewiththepillshappily.

Afewweekslater,thewomancomesagain.Shesays,“Doctor,yourpillsarenotgoodatall.Iamworsethanbefore.”

“Idon’tunderstandhowthatcouldbe.”saysthedoctor,“Thosearethebestpills.”

“Thatmaybetrue,”answersthewoman.“butI’mstillupallnightrunningafterthosedogs.AndwhenIfinallycatchone.It’ssodifficulttogethimtoeatthepills.”61．Mrs.Browngoestoseethedoctorbecause________.A．shewantstokeepalovelydog B．shecan’tfindherdogC．herdogisn’tfine D．shecan’tsleepwell62．Thedoctorsayshehassomegoodnewsbecause________.A．hethinksthesleepingpillswillhelpMrs.BrownB．MrsBrownlooksmuchbetterthanbeforeC．hewilltakeallthedogsawaysoonD．Mrs.Brownbringshimsomenewpills63．Theword“him”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto(指代)“________”.A．thedogthewomancatches B．thewoman’sfriendC．thedoctor D．thewoman’sneighbor64．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．MrsBrownkeepsmanydogsinherhouseB．ThesleepingpillsarenotgoodatallC．Mrs.BrownthinksthepillsareforthedogsD．Mrs.Brownisrunningafterthosedogstodrivethemaway65．AfterhearingMrs,Brown’swords,thedoctormightthink________.A．hispillsarenotsogood B．thedogsarereallydifficulttocatchC．MrsBrownshouldeatmorepills D．Mrs.BrownisveryfoolishBAsayoungchild,Iamquietandshy.AndIamillforalongtime.Myparentshavetowork,somygrandfatherwouldplaywithme.Mygrandfatherdies(去世)whenIam6.Hemakesabeautifulblueandwhiteblanket(毯子)forme.Iloveitverymuchbecauseitmakesmethinkofmygrandfather.

Butafterafewyears,theblanketdoesn’tlookverygood.It’sdirty.Idon’twanttothrowitaway,somymothermakesitintoaschoolbag.Iamproudoftheschoolbag,andIuseiteveryday.Afewyearslater,thebagisbroken.Mymommakesitintoapencil-box.Afterafewmonths,thepencil-boxwasbroken,too.ThenImakethepencil-boxintoasmallwallet.

Myfriendsandfamilysaidtome,“Forgetaboutit,Paul.Youcan’tmakesomethingoutofnothing.”SoIwritedownthestoryofmygrandfather’sblanket.66．InPaul’seyes,hisgrandfathercanbea________person(人).A．quiet B．bad C．kind D．tidy67．Paulwantstomaketheblanketintodifferentthingsbecause________.A．itissoniceB．itmeansalottohimC．hisgrandmothertellshimtodosoD．hismotherwasverygoodatsewing(縫紉)68．Thephrase“amproudof”inthepassagemeans“________”.A．a(chǎn)msurprisedat B．a(chǎn)mangrywithC．a(chǎn)mreadyto D．a(chǎn)mhappyabout69．Fromthestory,wecanknowthat________.A．PaulloveshisgrandfathersomuchB．theblanketcouldbemadeintomanythingsC．a(chǎn)fewyearslatertheblanketisstillnewD．Paul’sfriendsandfamilyaskhimtoforgettheoldtimes70．Whichoneisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．ASmallWallet B．MyGrandfatherC．AnUnforgettableBlanket D．MyPastTime參考答案：1．C【詳解】句意：墻上面有一個(gè)黑板?？疾榻樵~辨析。in在……里面；at在；on在……上面；behind在……后面。黑板在墻上面，應(yīng)用介詞on。故選C。2．B【詳解】句意：我們想在中國(guó)北部再建一座新的綠色長(zhǎng)城。考查介詞辨析。among在……之中；across表示從表面的一端到另一端；through穿過(guò)；between表示位于兩者之間，后面常接and。依據(jù)“build(建筑)anothernewGreatGreenWall…thenorthernpartofChina.”可知，新建的長(zhǎng)城要橫跨中國(guó)北部，橫跨物體的表面用across，故選B。3．B【詳解】句意：我通常坐在教室的前面，這樣我就能清楚地聽到寵愛站在教室前面的老師講課?？疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)辨析。infrontof在……的前面，不在一個(gè)空間內(nèi)；inthefrontof表示在一個(gè)空間內(nèi)的前部。依據(jù)“Iusuallysit...theclassroom”可知，在教室內(nèi)部前面，第一處用inthefrontof。依據(jù)“sothatIcanheartheteacherwholikestostand...theclassclearly”可知，寵愛站在教室前面的老師講課，不是一個(gè)空間，用infrontof。故選B。4．B【詳解】句意：我有一本字典。它在電腦和墻之間?？疾榻樵~辨析。behind在后面；between在……之間；before在前面；under在下面。依據(jù)“thecomputerandthewall”可知，此處指在電腦和墻之間，between…and表示“在……和……之間”，故選B。5．C【詳解】句意：莉莉緊急得不能在全班同學(xué)面前講話?？疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)。behind在……后面；nextto緊鄰；infrontof在……前面；beside在……旁邊。依據(jù)“Lilyissonervousthatshecan’ttalk...theclass”可知她不敢在全班同學(xué)面前講話。故選C。6．A【詳解】句意：——打攪一下，這四周有銀行嗎？——不，沒(méi)有。但是你可以在楊坊路找到一家。考查therebe句型的一般疑問(wèn)句。依據(jù)“isthere”以及No可知，此處應(yīng)是否定回答No,thereisn’t，故選A。7．A【詳解】句意：——桌子上有什么？——上面有一些面包?？疾閠herebe和不行數(shù)名詞。依據(jù)問(wèn)句可知是問(wèn)桌子上有什么，應(yīng)用therebe句型表示“某地有某物”；主語(yǔ)bread是不行數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞用is。故選A。8．C【詳解】句意：——看！一個(gè)盲人在街中心。太危急了。——讓我們幫他穿過(guò)大路吧。考查介詞的用法。cross是動(dòng)詞，穿過(guò)；through從內(nèi)部穿過(guò)；across穿過(guò)，平面上穿過(guò)。依據(jù)“go…thestreet”可知，此處指從大路的表面穿過(guò)，goacross表示“穿過(guò)”。故選C。9．A【詳解】句意：當(dāng)我站在窗戶旁邊的時(shí)候，我看到一些男生正在沿著街道跑步?？疾榻樵~辨析。by在……旁邊；along沿著；on在……上面；at在某個(gè)時(shí)刻；in在……里面；to到。依據(jù)“thewindow”可知第一個(gè)空表示“在窗戶邊上”；依據(jù)“thestreet”可知其次個(gè)空表達(dá)“沿著街道”。故選A。10．B【詳解】句意：記得花點(diǎn)時(shí)間和家人在一起。考查介詞辨析。from來(lái)自；with和；in在……里面；on在……上。依據(jù)“spendsometime...yourfamily.”可知是指花費(fèi)時(shí)間和家人一起，應(yīng)用介詞with，故選B。11．B【詳解】句意：——猜猜看，它多少錢？——我想價(jià)格是在15到20美元之間?？疾榻樵~辨析。from來(lái)自；between在……之間；among在（三者及以上）中；with和。between…and…意為“在……和……之間”，符合句意，故選B。12．C【詳解】句意：我們四周有兩家服裝店和一個(gè)警察局。考查主謂全都。本句是Therebe句型，意為“有”，不與have連用。be動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”，twoclothesstores是復(fù)數(shù)，故用are。故選C。13．D【詳解】句意：你能觀察銀行對(duì)面的建筑物嗎？考查介詞辨析。next下一個(gè)；over在……上方；across橫過(guò)；opposite在……對(duì)面。依據(jù)“thebuilding...thebank”可知此處指方位關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)符合。故選D。14．D【詳解】句意：一條河穿過(guò)村子，把它分成了兩部分?？疾榻樵~辨析。over在……上面；under在……下面；across（從物體表面）穿過(guò)；through（從物體內(nèi)部）穿過(guò)。依據(jù)“makesitintotwoparts”可知，河流從村子的內(nèi)部穿過(guò)，應(yīng)用through。故選D。15．B【詳解】句意：——瑪麗亞，你能看到什么？——我可以看到房子前面有一輛車，一個(gè)男孩坐在車的前面。考查介詞短語(yǔ)。infrontof表示在某人或某物的前面，指自身以外的前面；inthefrontof表示在某物的內(nèi)部的前面。依據(jù)“Icanseeacar...thehouseandaboyissitting...it.”可知，汽車在房子的前面，用infrontof；男孩在車?yán)锏那懊?，用inthefrontof。故選B。16．D【詳解】句意：剛才兩個(gè)男孩掛念老人過(guò)大路?？疾榻樵~辨析。above在……上面，與物體表面不接觸；over在……上方，與物體表面不接觸；through穿過(guò)，指從物體內(nèi)部穿過(guò)；across穿過(guò)，從物體表面穿過(guò)。此處指掛念老人過(guò)大路，從大路表面走過(guò)，應(yīng)用across。故選D。17．C【詳解】句意：A：我們教室前面有一棵樹。B：是的，它很大。看，上面有一只鳥?？疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)和介詞辨析。infrontof...在（外部）的前面；inthefrontof在（內(nèi)部）的前面；inthetree表示在樹上的東西本身不是樹的一部分；onthetree表示在樹上的東西本身是樹的部分。依據(jù)“atree...ofourclassroom”可知，樹在教室的外部，排解B/D；且依據(jù)“Thereisabird...it”可知，鳥不是樹的一部分，故介詞用in。故選C。18．C【詳解】句意：超市在公園的對(duì)面?？疾榻樵~辨析。to到；in在……里面；from從；for為了。此處是固定搭配acrossfrom“在……對(duì)面”。故選C。19．B【詳解】句意：沿著這條街走，你就能看到它。考查介詞辨析。in在……里面；along沿著；on在……上面；near靠近。此處指沿著街走，walkalong“沿著……走”，固定短語(yǔ)。故選B。20．C【詳解】句意：——白雪公主在這樣一個(gè)下雪的夜晚做了什么？——她獨(dú)自穿過(guò)黑暗的森林?？疾榻樵~辨析。in其后加早中晚，月份，季節(jié)，年份等；on其后加星期或具體某一天；through強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)部通過(guò)；across強(qiáng)調(diào)平面通過(guò)。第一空“suchasnowynight”是具體某一天，用on；其次空“thedarkforest”是穿過(guò)森林內(nèi)部，用through。故選C。21．A【詳解】句意：房子前面有一棵大樹?？疾榉轿唤樵~的用法。infrontof在……前面，指在事物外部的前面；inthefrontof在……前面，指在事物內(nèi)部的前面；on在……上；to到。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，大樹應(yīng)當(dāng)是在房子外面的前面。故選A。22．D【詳解】句意：房子后面有河嗎？考查介詞辨析。to到；of屬于；in在……里面；behind在……后面。依據(jù)“Isthereariver…thehouse”及選項(xiàng)可知，河應(yīng)是在房子后面。故選D。23．D【詳解】句意：下周阿根廷隊(duì)和西班牙隊(duì)將進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)足球賽?？疾閠herebe句型的時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)“nextweek”可知用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，再由“There...afootballmatch”可知此處是Therebe句型的一般將來(lái)時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為Therewillbe。故選D。24．D【詳解】句意：我試著從窗戶進(jìn)入房間，由于我打不開門。考查詞義辨析。cross通過(guò)，動(dòng)詞；thought思想，名詞；across穿過(guò)，介詞，指從物體表面穿過(guò)；through穿過(guò)，介詞，指從物體中間穿過(guò)。依據(jù)“Itrytogetintotheroom”可知，空格處缺少介詞，排解選項(xiàng)A和B；又依據(jù)“thewindow”可知，是指穿過(guò)窗戶，所以用介詞through，故選D。25．A【詳解】句意：他們正在靠窗的桌子旁吃晚飯?？疾榻樵~辨析。at在；by在……旁邊；near在四周；on在上面；in在里面。atthetable“在桌子旁”；bythewindow“靠窗”。故選A。26．B【詳解】句意：教室里有一塊黑板?？疾榻樵~辨析。infrontof在……前面（整個(gè)物體的前面）；in在里面；behind在后面；on在上面。依據(jù)“Thereisablackboard...theclassroom.”可知，教室和黑板不是一個(gè)整體，此處表示教室里有一塊黑板，故選B。27．A【詳解】句意：河面上有一條船?？疾榻樵~辨析。on在……上面；in在……里面；between在……之間；behind在……后面。由“aboat…theriver”可知，是船在河面上。故選A。28．C【詳解】句意：為了看秀麗的日出，我通常會(huì)在早上沿著河邊閑逛??????？疾榻樵~辨析。across穿過(guò)；in在里面；along沿著；on在上面。依據(jù)“goforawalk...theriver”可知表示……河流閑逛?????，因此是沿著河流閑逛?????。故選C。29．D【詳解】句意：每天晚飯后我寵愛沿著公園的路遛狗。對(duì)我的健康有好處?？疾榻樵~辨析。above在……上面；on在……上面；under在……下面；along沿著。依據(jù)“theparkroad”可知，此處指“沿著”。故選D。30．B【詳解】句意：一只狗正坐在房子前。考查介詞短語(yǔ)。介詞詞組infrontof...表達(dá)“在……前面”。故選B。31．B【詳解】句意：我寵愛這首音樂(lè)由于我能跟著它一起唱?？疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)。alongand沒(méi)有此短語(yǔ)；alongwith與……一起，一道；with和；along一起。依據(jù)“Icansing...it.”可知是伴隨著音樂(lè)，所以是alongwithmusic。故選B。32．B【詳解】句意：我奶奶的寵物貓穿過(guò)窗戶，跑進(jìn)她的房間?？疾榻樵~辨析。across穿過(guò)；through穿過(guò)；over在上面；in在里面。依據(jù)window可知是窗戶，因此是從內(nèi)部穿過(guò)，應(yīng)用through。故選B。33．C【詳解】句意：公園在你家四周。你可以步行去那里。考查形容詞辨析和介詞用法。near在四周；farfrom遠(yuǎn)離；close接近。依據(jù)“Youcanwalk...there.”可知，第一句表示距離不遠(yuǎn)，排解B選項(xiàng)；其次空后是地點(diǎn)副詞there，空前不用to。故選C。34．D【詳解】句意：明天晚上動(dòng)物園有海豚表演?？疾閠herebe句型的一般將來(lái)時(shí)。依據(jù)“tomorrowevening.”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，且本句是therebe句型，一般將來(lái)時(shí)用therewillbe/thereisgoingtobe。故選D。35．D【詳解】句意：這條河上有一座橋。你過(guò)橋的時(shí)候要當(dāng)心?？疾榻樵~辨析。above在……上面，強(qiáng)調(diào)位置高于某物；over在……上面，強(qiáng)調(diào)懸空；across穿過(guò)，介詞；cross穿過(guò)，動(dòng)詞。第一空結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，橋在河上，是懸空的，所以用over更合適；其次空是由when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，此處缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以要用cross。故選D。36．D【詳解】句意：孩子們，河上有一座橋。你過(guò)橋的時(shí)候要當(dāng)心。考查介詞辨析。across穿過(guò)；over在……之上；cross穿過(guò)（動(dòng)詞）。依據(jù)“abridge…theriver.”可知橋在河上，第一空填over。goacross“穿過(guò)”，固定搭配，故選D。37．D【詳解】句意：——下周有歌劇演出嗎？——是的，有?？疾閠herebe結(jié)構(gòu)的將來(lái)時(shí)。依據(jù)“nextweek”可知此處是therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)therewillbe/therebegoingtobe；依據(jù)“Yes,thereis”可知此處結(jié)構(gòu)是thereisgoingtobe。故選D。38．D【詳解】句意：——這個(gè)周末會(huì)有一個(gè)“互助會(huì)”嗎？——是的，全部的志愿者都會(huì)去?？疾門herebe句型的一般將來(lái)時(shí)。therebe句型不能和have連用，排解A和B；依據(jù)“thisweekend”和“willgo”可知，此句應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為begoingtodo。故選D。39．C【詳解】句意：——8月份會(huì)有國(guó)際電影節(jié)嗎？——是的，會(huì)有。考查一般疑問(wèn)句。依據(jù)“Willthere”及Yes可知，此處應(yīng)回答“Yes,therewill”，故選C。40．A【詳解】句意：河上有一座橋。過(guò)橋時(shí)要當(dāng)心?？疾樵~義辨析。over在……之上（垂直關(guān)系）；across在……之上（不是垂直關(guān)系）；cross穿過(guò)，動(dòng)詞。依據(jù)“abridge…theriver”可知，橋在河上面，是垂直關(guān)系，故第一空填over。其次空缺少動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，故其次空填cross，故選A。41．D42．A43．C44．A45．D46．B47．C48．A49．B50．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了泰晤士河和搭橋的歷史和秀麗景色。41．句意：在河上有27座橋。theatres電影院；parks公園；stores商店；bridges橋。依據(jù)“overtheriver”和“Itisoneofthe...bridgesofall”可知，河上的應(yīng)是橋。故選D。42．句意：它是全部的最有名的橋之一。mostfamous最出名的；largest最大的；longest最長(zhǎng)的；highest最高的。依據(jù)“...makesTowerBridgesoamazing(令人驚異的)?Whydosomanyvisitorscomingfrom...theworldgotoseeit?”可知，很多人來(lái)參觀，說(shuō)明是有名的。故選A。43．句意：什么使塔橋如此的迷人？When什么時(shí)候；How怎樣；What什么；Where哪里?？仗幵诰渲凶髦髡Z(yǔ)，所以用what，其他選項(xiàng)只能作狀語(yǔ)。故選C。44．句意：為什么如此多的來(lái)自世界各地的游客去看它？allover處處，遍及；above超過(guò)；among在……當(dāng)中；between在……中間。allovertheworld“世界各地”，此處指世界各地的游客。故選A。45．句意：它這樣做，讓大船穿過(guò)并到達(dá)倫敦池。along沿著；over在……上；out外面；through穿過(guò)。依據(jù)“l(fā)etbigshipsgo...tothePoolofLondon”可知，應(yīng)是大船穿過(guò)橋，到達(dá)倫敦池，gothrough“穿過(guò)”。故選D。46．句意：它是倫敦唯一的能升起來(lái)讓船經(jīng)過(guò)的橋。cars小汽車；ships船；planes飛機(jī)；bikes自行車。依據(jù)“bigshipsgo...thePoolofLondon”可知，是讓船經(jīng)過(guò)。故選B。47．句意：假如你足夠幸運(yùn)你就能看到橋張開雙臂升到高空中。famous有名的；rich富有的；lucky幸運(yùn)的；old老的。依據(jù)“enoughtoseethebridgewithitstwoopeningarmshighintheair.”可知，能看到這一景色應(yīng)是幸運(yùn)的。故選C。48．句意：你可以在它上面觀賞河的秀麗的景色。enjoy觀賞；like寵愛；take帶走；discover發(fā)覺(jué)。依據(jù)“thewonderfulviews(景色)”可知，應(yīng)是觀賞美景。故選A。49．句意：在它的北邊坐落著倫敦塔。In在……里；On在……上；At在；Of屬于……的?！霸谀骋贿叀庇媒樵~on，此處指在它的北邊。故選B。50．句意：然而，你是錯(cuò)的。right正確的；clever聰慧的；wrong錯(cuò)誤的；serious嚴(yán)峻的。根“Theylookveryold,andyoumaythinktheyareofthesameage.”和however表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處是說(shuō)上文認(rèn)為“它們年齡相同”的想法是錯(cuò)的。故選C。51．C52．A53．C54．C55．B56．C57．A58．C59．C60．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了Julie的家人以及他們的新家。51．句意：我是家里四個(gè)孩子中唯一的女孩。two二；three三；four四。依據(jù)“Ihavethreebrothers”可知，家里一共四個(gè)孩子。故選C。52．句意：他們的名字是Peter，Jack和Js名字；numbers號(hào)碼；cards卡片。依據(jù)“arePeter,JackandJames.”可知，介紹的是他們的名字。故選A。53．句意：今年，我們?nèi)野岬搅艘粋€(gè)新城市，租