新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法填空專題02 非謂語動詞（原卷版）

高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法填空專題應(yīng)對策略專題02非謂語動詞目錄一命題規(guī)律動詞不定式的功能、分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)的用法區(qū)別、動名詞等非謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的綜合考查二備考策略牢記非謂語動詞的三種形式,非謂語動詞做狀語,“be+過去分詞+介詞”，非謂語動詞做賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語等。三基本知識非謂語動詞的用法四真題訓(xùn)練近五年新高考非謂語動詞專題訓(xùn)練五思路點(diǎn)撥1.分析非謂語動詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間以及非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系2.掌握非謂語動詞的固定句式結(jié)構(gòu)3．牢記后跟非謂語動詞的特定動詞六考點(diǎn)歸納當(dāng)句中已有謂語動詞，空格前又沒有并列連詞與括號中的動詞并列時(shí)，所給動詞要填非謂語動詞。此時(shí)，就要根據(jù)非謂語動詞的用法確定用其具體形式(doing,done,todo)。七考點(diǎn)練透再次鞏固所掌握的知識點(diǎn)體系并能靈活應(yīng)用命題規(guī)律：動詞不定式的功能、分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)的用法區(qū)別、動名詞等的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的綜合考查備考策略：1.牢記非謂語動詞的三種形式：doing現(xiàn)在分詞表主動、進(jìn)行；done過去分詞表被動、完成；todo表目的、將來2.如果出現(xiàn)“謂語動詞,句子”或者“句子，謂語動詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，一般是非謂語動詞做狀語，你只需要判斷括號里V詞與主句主語之間的關(guān)系是主動還是被動，還是表目的。3.“be+過去分詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，如beabsorbed/dressed/trapped/occupiedin,beequipped/loaded/burdenedwith,beaccustomed/devoted/committed/addictedtodoing，做非謂語動詞去掉be即可。4.不定式作結(jié)果狀語，多用于too…to,enoughtodo,onlytodo,so…asto,suchasto等結(jié)構(gòu)。5.不定式用于be+adj+todo6.with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是?？键c(diǎn)7.做賓語補(bǔ)足語的情況常見動詞have、hear、notice、find、see8.非謂語動詞做定語的情況基本知識:非謂語動詞的用法(一)填非謂語動詞時(shí)要填不定式todo的情況：1.主語：Itis/was＋adj./n.＋for/ofsb.todosth.Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.賓語(1)有些動詞只能用不定式作賓語：決心學(xué)會想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝decide/determine,

learn,

want,

expect/hope/wish;

refuse,

manage,

care,

pretend主動答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請求幫一幫offer,

promise,

choose,

plan;

agree,

ask/beg,

help(2)find/think/believe/consider/make/feel＋it＋adj./n.＋todosth.3.表語：不定式作表語多表示某一次具體的、特定的或有待實(shí)現(xiàn)的動作(aim,dream,plan,purpose等后)4.定語：(1)不定式作定語表示將來的動作；(2)不定式用來修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級或only,next等修飾的中心詞，且與中心詞為邏輯上的主動關(guān)系；(3)下列名詞或代詞，常用不定式作定語。ability,chance,opportunity,plan,attempt,way,something,idea,hope,wish,fact,excuse,promise等。5.狀語：(1)作目的狀語。表示“為了”，可以單獨(dú)放在句首、句中或句末。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)目的性，不定式前也可加inorder或soas，但soasto不能置于句首。(2)作結(jié)果狀語。不定式作結(jié)果狀語常表示令人意外的結(jié)果，有時(shí)前面加only，以加強(qiáng)語氣。onlytodo表示意想不到的結(jié)果enoughtodo 足夠做……too...todo 太……而不能……so/such...asto... 如此……以至于……作原因狀語。表示喜、怒、哀、樂等的形容詞作表語時(shí)，后可接不定式作原因狀語，用以說明產(chǎn)生這種心理活動或情緒的原因，常用于這類結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有sorry,surprised,disappointed,excited,glad,happy,anxious,delighted,pleased,foolish等。6.賓語補(bǔ)足語：(1)在很多動詞后都可以用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，如:ask,want,invite,get,force,expect,allow,persuade,order,warn,remind,prefer,cause,permit,forbid,advise,teach等。(2)下列動詞(短語)接省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：一感(feel)，二聽(hear,listento)，三使(let，have,make)，五看(see,notice,observe,watch,lookat)，半幫助(help)，但在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)需加to。動詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法形式意義主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式與句子謂語動詞的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在謂語動詞的動作之后發(fā)生to

doto

be

done進(jìn)行式在謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生時(shí)正在進(jìn)行to

be

doing—完成式在謂語動詞的動作之前發(fā)生to

have

doneto

have

been

done（二）填非謂語動詞時(shí)要填動名詞v-ing的情況：1.主語：單個(gè)動名詞短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用三單形式；Itis/wasawaste(of...)/nouse/nogooddoingsth.2.表語：動名詞作表語表示通常的情況，多指抽象的、經(jīng)常性的動作：3.定語：動名詞可置于名詞前作定語，表示被修飾的名詞的用途、性能或目的。4.賓語：(1)介詞+v-ing(注意to為介詞的情況)；(2)下列動詞(短語)只能用動名詞作賓語:考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想consider,

suggest/advise,

look

forward

to,

excuse/pardon;

admit,delay/put

off,

fancy避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞avoid,

miss,

keep/keep

on,

practice;

deny,

finish,

enjoy/appreciate禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡forbid,

imagine,

risk;

can't

help

(禁不住),

mind,

allow/permit,

escape(3)既可以接動名詞作賓語，也可以接不定式作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別：forget,remember,regret,mean,try,stop,goon（三）填非謂語動詞時(shí)要填分詞的情況：1.狀語：分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語是句子的主語，一般在句中作時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、方式、條件、伴隨、讓步等狀語。2.表語：表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞-ing形式的形容詞，意為“令人……的”；動詞-ed形式的形容詞，意為“(人)感到……的”，也可修飾體現(xiàn)內(nèi)心感受的look，expression，tears，smile，voice等名詞。Onhearingtheexcitingnews，sheshoutedinanexcitedvoice.現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)表示主動、進(jìn)行Today

there

are

more

airplanes

carrying

more

people

than

ever

before

in

the

sky.當(dāng)今，空中更多的飛機(jī)運(yùn)載著比以往更多的人。過去分詞(done)表示被動、完成The

bridge

built

in

2012

was

designed

by

a

local

company.2012年建造的這座橋是由當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患夜驹O(shè)計(jì)的。3.定語4.賓語補(bǔ)足語：(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示主動、進(jìn)行常用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的詞語有feel，find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch，get，have，keep，leave，send，set，listen

to，look

at等。Sometimes

she

would

listen

to

him

playing

the

saxophone.(2)過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示被動、完成常用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有have，make，get，find，see，notice，watch，hear，feel，want，like等。Iwillhavemybikerepairedtomorrow.現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法形式意義主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式與謂語動詞的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生doingbeing

done完成式先于謂語動詞的動作完成having

donehaving

been

done總結(jié)：提示詞為動詞考非謂語動詞的策略1．分析非謂語動詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間以及非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系(1)若非謂語動詞與邏輯主語之間是主謂關(guān)系，且正在進(jìn)行，要想到用現(xiàn)在分詞形式(doing)；(2)若非謂語動詞與邏輯主語之間是動賓關(guān)系，且表完成，要想到用過去分詞形式(done);(3)若非謂語動詞表將來的動作，或作目的狀語，或跟在表示喜怒哀樂的形容詞后表示原因或意料之外的結(jié)果等，要想到用不定式形式(todo)。2．掌握非謂語動詞的固定句式結(jié)構(gòu)(1)It's＋形容詞＋(for/ofsb.＋)todosth.；Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.(2)It'snogood/use/pleasuredoingsth.；(3)find/think/believe/consider＋it＋adj.＋todosth.；3．牢記后跟非謂語動詞的特定動詞(1)牢記用動名詞或不定式作賓語的動詞；(2)牢記用動詞不定式或分詞作補(bǔ)足語的動詞。(3)既可以接動名詞作賓語，也可以接不定式作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別：forget,remember,regret,mean,try,stop,goon非謂語動詞作定語1.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表示動作主動，正在進(jìn)行，若表示”正在被……”，則用beingdone.2.過去分詞作定語表示被動，完成。3.當(dāng)名詞被形容詞最高級，序數(shù)詞(thefirst,thelast等）修飾時(shí)，用todo作定語4.抽象名詞ability,plan,chance,promise,wishopportunity,responsibility等后常用ability,plan,chance,promise,wishopportunity,responsibility作后置定語。非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)1.常用不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：tell,order,allow,permit,enable,persuade,force,warn,encourage,ask,invite,expect.感官動詞和使役動詞后的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，在主動語態(tài)中要省略不定式的符號to,但在被動語態(tài)中to要還原。2.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表主動，進(jìn)行。常接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有感官動詞和使役動詞，但注意，have/leavesbdoingsth譯為“讓賓語一直做……”。3.過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，被動，完成4.with+O+OC todo將來，目的doing進(jìn)行，主動done完成，被動非謂語動詞作狀語1.分詞作狀語，要與主句保持邏輯主語一致2.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，現(xiàn)在分詞與句子主語是主動關(guān)系，可以表伴隨原因,時(shí)間或條件，表示意料之中的結(jié)果，用doing,若表示分詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，則用havingdone.3.過去分詞作狀語，過去分詞與句子主語是被動關(guān)系4.不定式作狀語可以表目的,onlytodo表示意料之外的結(jié)果,形容詞或過去分詞作表語時(shí)，后接todo作狀語常見的形容詞有:happy,lucky,anxious,proud,disappointed,surprised,delighted,foolish,pleased,fortunate等,主系表+todo，用主動表被動真題訓(xùn)練1.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·57)Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____57____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),58（or）toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.2.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·59)Shanghaimaybethe____59____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongBao’sbirthplace..recognized3.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·61)Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____61____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof62(their)contents..tobelifted.their4.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·65)NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris64(rarely)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft______65______(want)morenexttime.5.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·60)Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto60__________(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.6.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·56)___________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.7.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·59)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareas,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority_____________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.8.(2022年新高考Ⅱ卷·56)Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe_________(fall)child.9.(2022年新高考Ⅱ卷·59)Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony(陽臺),andclimbedup________(see)them.10.(2022年全國甲卷·61)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep____________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.11.(2022年全國甲卷·63)InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation______(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.12.(2022年全國乙卷·66)Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha___________(share)futureformankind.13.(2022年全國乙卷·68)______________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia.14.(2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·60)Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus____________(astonish).15.(2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·63)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour_____________(ache)legs.16.(2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·57)Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,___________(think)itisfood.17.(2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·58)Idecidedtodosomething___________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.18.(2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·62)Iwasso________(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.19.(2021年全國甲卷·43)Itispossible________(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.20.(2021年全國甲卷·44)After___________(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeaction…21.(2021年全國乙卷·61)It(Ecotourism)isdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome____________(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics…22.(2021年全國乙卷·70)Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠(yuǎn)足)andaccommodationsaim__________(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.23.(2020年全國Ⅱ卷·63)Theyrepresenttheearth_________(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.24.(2020年全國Ⅱ卷·68)Theyareeasy________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.25.(2020年全國Ⅲ卷·69)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds____________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.26.(2019年全國Ⅲ卷·62)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake_______(get)there.27.(2019年全國Ⅲ卷·70)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarm,__________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.28.(2018年全國Ⅱ卷·70)China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile_________(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.29.(2018年全國Ⅲ卷·64)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeelchallenged.30.(2018年全國Ⅲ卷·70)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme_______(stay)andwatch.思路點(diǎn)撥:當(dāng)句中已有謂語動詞，空格前又沒有并列連詞與括號中的動詞并列時(shí)，所給動詞要填非謂語動詞。此時(shí)，就要根據(jù)非謂語動詞的用法確定用其具體形式(doing,done,todo)。考點(diǎn)歸納:作主語作主語通常用動名詞(一般情況)或不定式形式(具體情況)。如：①__________(smoke)maycausecancer,soyoushouldgiveitup.【解析】在謂語maycause前面一定是作主語,“吸煙可能導(dǎo)致癌癥”是一般情況,故填Smoking,注意句首第一個(gè)單詞的第一個(gè)字母要大寫。②Itisclearthat_________(finish)thistaskwilltakealongtime.【解析】完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)是一次具體的情況，故用不定式，填tofinish。(2)用不定式或動名詞作主語的特殊句型。此外，還需熟記下列固定句式：①Itisnecessaryforustobeconstantlyremindedofourshortcomings.經(jīng)常有人提醒我們自身的缺點(diǎn)是有必要的。②It’sverykindofyoutotellmethetruth.你真好，告訴我真相。③It’snousequarrellingaboutit.Weareallinthesameboat.為此事爭吵是沒有用的。我們處境相同。2.作賓語(1)在介詞后作賓語一般只用動名詞。?？嫉挠幸韵?個(gè)，請牢記：①beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣做某事②beaccustomedtodoingsth習(xí)慣做某事③bedevotedtodoingsth致力于做某事④devoteoneselftodoingsth致力于做某事⑤lookforwardtodoingsth盼望做某事⑥objecttodoingsth反對做某事⑦beaddictedtodoingsth沉迷于做某事;專心致志于做某事(2)只能接不定式的動詞或短語。(3)只能接動名詞的動詞或短語。(4)接不定式與接動名詞意思有差別的動詞或短語也必須掌握。請用規(guī)范工整的英語完成搭配后，熟讀牢記：漢語意思英文搭配1記得去做某事.rememberdoing

sth記得做過某事.rememberto

do

sth2忘記去做某事

.forgetto

do

sth忘記做過某事

.forgetdoing

sth3遺憾做某事.regretto

do

sth后悔做過某事.regretdoing

sth4盡力做某事.tryto

do

sth嘗試做某事.trydoing

sth5有意/故意去做某事.meanto

do

sth意味著做某事.meandoing

sth6停下來去做某事.stopto

do

sth停止做某事.stopdoing

sth7接著做另一事.goonto

do

sth繼續(xù)做同一事.goondoing

sth8需要做某事.need/requireto

do

sth某事需要被做.need/requiredoing

sth9想做某事.wantto

do

sth某事需要被做.wantdoing

sth3.作定語單個(gè)分詞作定語，如表示正在進(jìn)行或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作用現(xiàn)在分詞，如表示已經(jīng)完成的動作則用過去分詞。如分詞短語作定語，要根據(jù)與邏輯主語的關(guān)系，是主動關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，是被動關(guān)系就用過去分詞。若是表示未來的情況(發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后)或表示“有……要……”用動詞不定式，在最高級或“序數(shù)詞(+名詞)”后或在plan,ability,chance,way等抽象名詞后作定語也要用不定式。又如：①Theconference________(take)placenextmonthisboundtobeagreatsuccess.【解析】由nextmonth可知表示未來，故用不定式作定語，填totake。②Jack,ahard-workingstudent,isalwaysthefirst_________(come)toschoolandthelasttoleave.【解析】序數(shù)詞后用不定式作定語，故填tocome。③Happinessistheability__________(make)themostofwhatwehave.【解析】在抽象名詞ability后，表示“做某事的能力”，用不定式作定語，故填tomake。作狀語在形容詞后作狀語用不定式。(2)作目的狀語也只能用不定式。(3)作伴隨狀語、原因狀語、時(shí)間狀語要根據(jù)與邏輯主語的關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞(主動)或過去分詞(被動)。如：①__________(satisfy)withwhathedid,theteacherpraisedhiminclass.【解析】因satisfy(使……滿意)與theteacher在邏輯上有動賓關(guān)系，即theteacher與satisfy是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語，表示原因，填Satisfied。句意：因?yàn)槔蠋煂λ龅氖虑楹軡M意，所以在班上表揚(yáng)了他。②_________(hear)thathismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhomequickly.【解析】因LiLei與hear在邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系，即LiLei與hear是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，填Hearing。句意：當(dāng)李雷聽到母親生病的消息后，馬上趕回了家。作補(bǔ)語(1)要根據(jù)與邏輯主語的關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞(主動)或過去分詞(被動)。如：Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman________(sit)atthefront.【解析】因aman與sit是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，填sitting。也可由固定句式noticesbdoing/dosth(注意到某人在做/做了某事)而知，也可填sit。這類句型還有：這類句型還有：△see/watch/observe/hearsbdoingsth看見/觀看/觀察到/聽到某人正在做某事△see/watch/observe/hearsbdosth看見/觀看/觀察到/聽到某人做某事(全過程)△find/feel/catchsbdoingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)/感覺/撞見某人正在做某事△let/make/havesbdosth讓/使某人做某事△havesbdoingsth讓某人一直做某事△havesb/sthdone讓別人做某事用不定式作主補(bǔ)或賓補(bǔ)的固定搭配很多，也?？?。如［真題再練］第25題。用省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動詞。如have(使)，let(讓)，make(使)等使役動詞和see,hear等感官動詞。但變被動時(shí)，省略的to要補(bǔ)回來，如：makesbdosth的被動式為sbbemadetodosth。6.情感類動詞的分詞形容詞作形容詞用的情感類-ing分詞(令人……的)與-ed分詞(感到……的)的差別。動詞原形中文意思1及物動詞surprise使驚訝現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)surprising令人驚訝的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)surprised感到驚訝的2及物動詞astonish使驚訝現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)astonishing令人驚訝的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)astonished感到驚訝的3及物動詞.shock使震驚現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)shocking令人震驚的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)shocked感到震驚的4及物動詞amaze使驚異現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)amazing令人驚異的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)amazed感到驚異的5及物動詞terrify使恐懼現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)terrifying令人恐懼的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)terrified感到恐懼的6及物動詞frighten使恐懼現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)frightening令人恐懼的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)frightened感到恐懼的7及物動詞threaten恐嚇；威脅現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)threatening威脅的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)threatened受到威脅的8及物動詞worry使擔(dān)憂現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)worrying令人擔(dān)憂的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)worried感到擔(dān)憂的9及物動詞please使愉快現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)pleasing令人愉快的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)pleased感到愉快的10及物動詞excite使興奮現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)exciting令人興奮的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)excited感興奮到的11及物動詞satisfy使?jié)M意現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)satisfying令人滿意的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)satisfied感到滿意的12及物動詞interest使感興趣現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)interesting有趣的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)interested感興趣的13及物動詞move使感動現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)moving令人感動的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)moved受感動的14及物動詞touch感動（某人）現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)touching感人的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)touched受感動的15及物動詞inspire鼓舞（某人）現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)inspiring鼓舞人的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)inspired受鼓舞的16及物動詞encourage鼓勵(lì)（某人）現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)encouraging令人鼓舞的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)encouraged鼓舞的17及物動詞relax使輕松現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)relaxing令人輕松的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)relaxed感到輕松的18及物動詞convince使確信現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)convincing令人信服的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)convinced確信的19及物動詞bore使厭煩現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)boring枯燥乏味的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)bored感到無聊的20及物動詞tire使疲倦現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)tiring令人疲倦的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)tired感到疲倦的21及物動詞disappoint使失望現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)disappointing令人失望的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)disappointed感到失望的22及物動詞confuse使迷惑現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)confusing令人迷惑的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)confused感到迷惑的23及物動詞puzzle使困惑現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)puzzling令人困惑的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)puzzled感到困惑的24及物動詞annoy使不悅現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)annoying令人生氣的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)annoyed生氣的25及物動詞discourage使氣餒現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞(常形容事、物)discouraging使人泄氣的過去分詞形容詞(常形容人)discouraged氣餒的7.固定句式中的非謂語動詞1中文意思英文搭配2感謝某人做了某事thanksbfordoingsth3表揚(yáng)某人做了某事praisesbfordoingsth4責(zé)備某人做了某事scoldsbfordoingsth5責(zé)罵某人做了某事blamesbfordoingsth6處罰某人做了某事punishsbfordoingsth7原諒某人做了某事excuse/forgivesbfordoingsth8最好做某事hadbetterdosth9何不做某事呢？Whynotdosth?10……怎么樣？How/Whataboutdoingsth?11一般說來generallyspeaking12根據(jù)……來看judgingfrom13更糟糕的是tomakematters/thingsworse14阻止某人做某事prevent/stopsb(from)doingsth/keepsbfromdoingsth15禁止某人做某事ban/forbidsbfromdoingsth16在做某事方面花費(fèi)時(shí)間spendtime(in)doingsth17在做某事方面浪費(fèi)時(shí)間wastetime(in)doingsth18在做某事方面有困難havesomedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth8.其他：作形容詞的特殊分詞有g(shù)one(離去的，已去的，丟失的)；lost(迷失的，丟失的)；missing(不見的)等。作介詞用的有concerning(關(guān)于),regarding(關(guān)于),respecting(關(guān)于,鑒于),including(包括),given(考慮到)等。作介詞或連詞的有considering(考慮到，就……而論)?？键c(diǎn)練透在下列各句空白處填入所給單詞的正確形式，并說明理由。1.Youmayalsofinditdifficult________(get)tosleepifyouhaveaproblemorsomethingelseonyourmind.2.Butwhenhebegantowalk,theotherboyimitatedhim.WooSingstopped_________(think)aboutthesestrangeactions,sayingtohimself,“Thisboyisfoolingme.HedoeseverythingthatIdo.”3.“Nothingdoing.Rightnowitistime________(have)fun,”thesillygrasshopperreplied.4.Weshouldmakeeveryeffort_______________(prevent)violencehappeningatschool,formoreandmorestudentswoulddropoutofschooliftheirpersonalsafetycouldnotbeguaranteed.5.Assoonaswewerealoneshebegantotalktomeabouthowimportantitwas_________(stand)onyourowntwofeetandberesponsibleforyourownacts.6.Youmightfeeldizzyandnervous,butthetopisalwaystherewaitingforyouaslongasyouarestrongenough________(take)onemorestep.7.TheOlympicsareexpected__________(attract)tensofthousandsofpeople.8.Theydesignedandbuiltarobot…Thestudentsmadetherobot___________(answer)achallengefromtheU.S.DepartmentofDefense.9.Contestsaregenerallylimitedto15minutes_________(avoid)puttingtoomuchpressureonthebody.10.Ittookrescuersanothertwohours____________(discover)Nancy.11.Sixdaysofspringrainhadcreatedawildriver_________(run)byNancyBrown’sfarm.12.Youmayhavetrouble_________(sleep)ifyouhaveaheavymealjustbeforeyougotobed.13.Wecanstartthehabitby_________(write)learningsummariesandremembertorecordsomethingimpressiveandmeaningful.14.GraduallyIfoundmyselfback,__________(deliver)myspeechwithdifficulty.15.__________(Realize)itwasourlasthighschoolsportsmeeting,wedecidedtomakeitanunforgettableexperienceforallofus.16.Onthestand,myclassmatesapplaudedandcheeredfortheathletes,some________(raise)theircamerastocapturetheexcitingmoments.17.Insidethebuilding,thestudentssawnothingbutbrokenwallsanddoorsandpiecesofthebuilding_____(lie)allovertheplace.18.Alltheinsectsandanimalswereworkinghardtostorefoodforwinter,exceptthegrasshopper(蚱蜢),whospenthisdays________(jump)fromleaftoleaf.19.Studentswholistentoclassicalmusicwhile_________(study)performbetter.20.Thus,goodlearninghabitscanhelpusgaingreatlearningresults,___________(include)highscoresandabundantknowledge.21.Duringthetest,thegirl________(sit)nexttomewhisperedsomething,butIcouldn’tunderstand.22.FormorethansixmillionAmericanchildren,cominghomeafterschoolmeans_________(come)toanemptyhouse.23.TheHotDogEatingContestonConeyIslandhasbecomeaverypopularevent,____________(attract)TVaudiencesover1.5million.24.ArealtrialbeganwhenIstoodontheplatformwithmylegs____________(e)andmymindblank.25.Hetookadeepbreathasheopenedtheexampaper________(hand)tohim.26.TheNorthernEssexCommunityCollege(NECC)studentsandoneoftheirteachersspentpartoftheirspringbreakinNewYorkCity,helpingrepairanarea__________(destroy)bythehurricane.27.Alotofkidshadchainsaroundtheirneckswithkeys_________(attach).28.ItwasthefirstOlympics______(hold)inSouthAmerica.29.Inaletter____________(publish)inamagazine,MrGovesays:“ItmaybetoolatetosayI’msorry.”30.Thecheerfulandoptimisticrabbitthrewhimselfawaylookingforthecarrot,digginghereandthere,totally___________(convince)thathewouldfindit.31.Whentherewasnoplaceinthewholefield_____(leave)todig,therabbitdugatunnelrighttowherethedoghadbeenlyingallthetime.32.JustimaginehowterriblyshyIwasthemomentIthoughtofthatwithsomanyeyes______(fix)uponme.33.IthastheRoyalDanishAcademyofFineArtandtheRoyalLibraryhousedinarathergrandbuilding_______(call)theBlackDiamond.34.Therewillbemanywonderfulperformances____________(present)bytheteachersandthestudentsinourschool.35.Ifeltquite________(excite)afterhearingthe_________(excite)news.36.TuYouyouisthefirstChinesewoman_______(win)theNobelPrizeinmedicine.37.Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget__________(promote),Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.Iregret_______(tell)youthatIcan’ttakepartinyourpartynextSundaybecauseIhavetoattendameetingthen.39.It’snouse_____________(complain)withouttakingaction.40.It’squitehottoday.Doyoufeellike_________(go)foraswim?41.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused____________（stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.42.____________（avoid)suchtroubles,weshouldcomparesimilaritemsondifferentonlinestoresandpaymoreattentiontowhatothercustomerssay.43.Wecansavethousandsayearifwecomparethepricesofsimilaritemsbefore____________（decide)tobuy.44.Afteradisappointingperformance,sheswore____________（work)harderandimprove.Shedidit.45.Inmymind,ourdiscussionsarehelpingustobecomecalmandconsider____________（win)thegameandsolvingrealproblemsaswell.46.Hehurriedtotherailwaystation,only____________（find)thetrainhadleft.47.Shestoodbesideastandforawhile,____________（watch)themiddle-agedsellerbusydoinghisbusiness.48.By2025thenumberoftheworld'spopulation____________（live)incountriesofsignificantwatershortagewillalmostdouble,to6billionpeople.49.Inorder____________（tell)thestoryoftherockstarastruthfullyaspossible,Malekhadtogivehisa