牛津譯林版英語初三上學期期中試題及解答參考(2024-2025學年)

2024-2025學年牛津譯林版英語初三上學期期中復習試題及解答參考一、聽力部分（本大題有20小題，每小題1分，共20分）1、Listentothefollowingconversationbetweentwostudentstalkingabouttheirweekendplans.Thenanswerthequestion.Recording:(Adialoguewhereonestudenttalksaboutvisitinganartmuseum,whiletheothermentionsgoingtoasciencefair.)1、Whereisthefirststudentplanningtogoontheweekend?

A)Toamovietheater.

B)Toanartmuseum.

C)Toasciencefair.

D)Toaconcert.Answer:B)Toanartmuseum.Explanation:Intherecording,thefirststudentclearlystatesthattheyarelookingforwardtovisitingthenewartexhibitionatthelocalmuseumovertheweekend.2、Listentoashortpassageaboutastudent’sdailyroutine.Thenanswerthequestion.Recording:(Amonologuedescribingatypicaldayinthelifeofastudent,mentioningactivitieslikewakingupearly,havingbreakfast,attendingclasses,doinghomework,andgoingtobedearly.)2、Whatdoesthestudentusuallydoafterfinishinghishomework?

A)Heplaysvideogames.

B)HewatchesTV.

C)Hegoesstraighttobed.

D)Hepracticesthepiano.Answer:C)Hegoesstraighttobed.Explanation:Accordingtothepassage,thestudentmentionsthataftercompletinghishomework,hepreparesforthenextdayandthengoestobedearlytoensurehegetsenoughrestforschoolthefollowingmorning.3、Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwostudents,JackandLisa,discussingtheirschoolproject.Jack:HeyLisa,haveyoustartedworkingontheschoolprojectyet?

Lisa:Yeah,Ihave.I’mactuallyworkingontheresearchpart.I’mlookingforinformationabouttheimpactoftechnologyonourlives.

Jack:That’sinteresting!Haveyoufoundanythinginterestingyet?

Lisa:Well,Ifoundareportthatsaystechnologyhasbothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonourlives.Forexample,ithelpsusstayconnectedwithfriendsandfamily,butitalsoleadstosocialisolation.

Jack:Oh,that’sanimportantpoint.Ithinkweshouldincludethatinourpresentation.

Lisa:Definitely!Let’smeetupafterschooltodiscusstherestoftheproject.Question:WhatareLisaandJackworkingon?

A)Ascienceexperiment

B)Aschoolproject

C)Amusicperformance

D)AsportscompetitionAnswer:B)AschoolprojectExplanation:Intheconversation,Lisamentionsthatsheisworkingontheresearchpartofaschoolproject.Jackalsoreferstoitas“theschoolproject”whenheasksLisaifshehasstartedworkingonit.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB)Aschoolproject.4、Youarelisteningtoadialoguebetweenateacher,Mr.

Smith,andastudent,Sarah,discussingherupcomingsciencefairpresentation.Mr.

Smith:Sarah,howareyoupreparingforyoursciencefairpresentationnextweek?

Sarah:I’mdoingwell,Mr.

Smith.I’vechosenatopiconrenewableenergysources,andI’mcurrentlyworkingoncollectingdatafromvarioussources.Mr.

Smith:That’sagreattopic,Sarah.Canyoutellmemoreaboutwhatyou’vefoundsofar?

Sarah:Sure!I’vefoundthatsolarenergyisthemostpopularrenewableenergysource,butwindenergyisalsogainingtraction.I’malsocomparingthecost-effectivenessoftheseenergysources.Mr.

Smith:That’sexcellentresearch.Makesuretoincludethedatainyourpresentation,anddon’tforgettoexplainhowtheseenergysourcescanbenefitourenvironment.

Sarah:Iwill,thankyouforyouradvice,Mr.

Smith.Question:WhatisSarah’ssciencefairpresentationabout?

A)Theimpactofclimatechange

B)Renewableenergysources

C)Thehistoryofscience

D)SpaceexplorationAnswer:B)RenewableenergysourcesExplanation:Intheconversation,Sarahmentionsthatshehaschosenatopiconrenewableenergysourcesandiscollectingdataaboutthem.Mr.

Smithalsoencourageshertoincludethedatainherpresentationanddiscusshowtheseenergysourcescanbenefittheenvironment.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB)Renewableenergysources.5、-AudioTranscript:Man:Doyouthinkweshouldtakethebusorwalktothelibrary?It’snottoofar,buttheweatherlookslikeitmightrain.Woman:Let’schecktheweatherforecastonmyphone.Oh,itsaysthere’sa70%chanceofrain.We’dbettertakethebus.Question:Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Walktothelibrary.B.Checktheweatheragain.C.Takethebustothelibrary.D.Stayathomebecauseoftherain.Answer:C.Takethebustothelibrary.Explanation:Thewomansuggestscheckingtheweatherforecast,whichindicatesahighprobabilityofrain.Asaresult,theydecideit’sbettertotakethebustoavoidgettingwet.6、-AudioTranscript:Girl:Hey,didyoufinishreadingthenovelforEnglishclass?I’mstillonchapter4,andit’sduetomorrow!Boy:Don’tworry,Ihaven’tfinishediteither.ButIheardthatMs.

Greengaveanextensionuntilnextweek.Question:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thegirlhasalreadyfinishedthenovel.B.Theboyhasfinishedthenovel.C.Thedeadlineforthenovelhasbeenextended.D.Thenovelisduetomorrowandneitherhasfinishedit.Answer:C.Thedeadlineforthenovelhasbeenextended.Explanation:Theboyinformsthegirlthattheirteacher,Ms.

Green,hasgiventhemmoretimetocompletethereading,extendingthedeadlinetonextweek.Thismeanstheinitialdeadlinehasbeenpostponed.7、Listentotheconversationbetweentwostudentsinthelibraryandanswerthequestion.StudentA:Hey,doyouknowwheretheEnglishtextbooksforGrade9arelocated?

StudentB:Yeah,they’reonthesecondfloor,intheliteraturesection.Question:Whatisthetopicoftheconversation?

A)Findingaspecificbookinthelibrary

B)Discussingaschoolproject

C)Borrowinglibrarybooksforthesummer

D)PlanningastudygroupAnswer:A)Findingaspecificbookinthelibrary解析：TheconversationrevolvesaroundStudentAaskingStudentBforthelocationoftheEnglishtextbooksforGrade9.Thisindicatesthatthetopicisaboutfindingaspecificbookinthelibrary.Theotheroptionsdonotalignwiththecontentoftheconversation.8、Listentoashortdialoguebetweenateacherandastudentaboutaschoolassignmentandanswerthequestion.Teacher:Haveyoufinishedthescienceprojectonrenewableenergy?

Student:Notquite,I’mstillgatheringinformation.CanIsubmititnextMondayinsteadofthisFriday?

Teacher:Sure,thatshouldgiveyouenoughtime.Justmakesureit’sthorough.Question:WhatisthemainreasonthestudentwantstosubmittheprojectnextMonday?

A)Theydidn’tunderstandtheassignment

B)Theyarenotfinishedwiththeresearch

C)Theyneedmoretimetocreateamodel

D)TheyhaveaconflictwithanotherassignmentAnswer:B)Theyarenotfinishedwiththeresearch解析：Thestudentexplainsthattheyarestillgatheringinformation,whichimpliesthattheyhavenotfinishedtheresearchrequiredforthescienceproject.Theteacheragreestotheextension,indicatingthatthemainreasonfortherequestistheincompleteresearch.Theotheroptionsarenotmentionedinthedialogue.9、Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Buyanewcar.B.Takethebus.C.Repairhiscar.D.Sellhiscar.Answer:CExplanation:Intheconversation,thewomanadvisesthemantotakehiscartoamechanicbecauseit’smakingstrangenoises,indicatingthatshethinksheshouldrepairhiscarratherthanbuyinganewone,takingthebus,orsellingit.10、Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Toamuseum.B.Toapark.C.Toamovietheater.D.Toarestaurant.Answer:AExplanation:Thedialoguerevealsthatthespeakersareplanningtovisitsomewhereeducationalandcultural,whichleadstotheconclusionthattheyareheadingtoamuseum,asopposedtoapark,movietheater,orrestaurant.11.Youwillhearaconversationbetweentwofriendsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.Listenandanswerthequestion.Question:WhatactivitydoesthegirlplantodoonSaturdayafternoon?A.Gotoamovie.B.Visitamuseum.C.Haveapicnic.Answer:C

Explanation:Thegirlmentions,“I’mthinkingofhavingapicnicintheparkonSaturdayafternoon,”whichindicatesherplanfortheactivity.12.Listentoashorttalkabouttheimportanceofexercise.Afterlistening,completethefollowingsentence.Question:Accordingtothetalk,whichofthefollowingisabenefitofregularexercise?A.Improvedconcentration.B.Reducedstresslevels.C.Increasedriskofinjury.Answer:B

Explanation:Thespeakerstates,“Regularexercisecanhelptoreducestresslevelsandimproveoverallmentalwell-being,”whichsupportsoptionBasthecorrectanswer.13、Youwillhearaconversationbetweentwofriends,SarahandMike,abouttheirweekendplans.Listencarefullyandchoosethecorrectoptiontocompletethesentence:SarahandMikeareplanningto_______thisweekend.gotoaconcertwatchamovievisitamuseumAnswer:C)visitamuseumExplanation:Intheconversation,Sarahmentionsthatshehasfreeticketstothenewexhibitionatthecitymuseum,andMikeagreesthatitsoundslikeagreatideafortheweekend.There’snomentionofaconcertoramovie,sothecorrectanswerisC)visitamuseum.14、Listentotheannouncementfromtheschoolprincipalregardingtheupcomingsportsday.Then,selecttheactivitythatwillstartfirstonthedayoftheevent.Thefirstactivityonthesportsdaywillbe_______.arelayracealongjumpatugofwarAnswer:B)alongjumpExplanation:Theprincipal’sannouncementoutlinesthescheduleforthesportsday,anditclearlystatesthatthelongjumpcompetitionwillbetheopeningevent,followedbyotheractivitiessuchastherelayraceandtugofwar.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB)alongjump.15.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwostudents,TomandLucy,discussingtheirweekendplans.Tom:HeyLucy,doyouhaveanyplansforthisweekend?Lucy:Oh,Iwasthinkingofgoinghikinginthemountains.Howaboutyou?Tom:Thatsoundsgreat!Iwasactuallyplanningtogotothebeachwithmyfamily.We’regoingtohaveapicnicandmaybeevenswimintheocean.Question:WhatareTom’splansfortheweekend?A.Gohikinginthemountains.B.Gotothebeachwithhisfamily.C.Haveapicnicwithhisfriends.D.Goswimmingintheocean.Answer:BExplanation:Intheconversation,Tommentionsthatheplanstogotothebeachwithhisfamilyforapicnicandswimming.16.Youarelisteningtoaradioprogramwherethehost,Sarah,isinterviewingafamouschef,ChefJohnson,abouthiscookingcareer.Sarah:ChefJohnson,canyoutellusaboutthemomentyourealizedyouwantedtobecomeachef?ChefJohnson:Oh,thatwasalongtimeago.IrememberIwasabout12yearsoldandIwatchedmymothercookinginthekitchen.Iwasfascinatedbythewayshecombinedflavorsandmadedeliciousdishes.Fromthatmomenton,IknewIwantedtopursueacareerincooking.Question:WhatdidChefJohnsonsayabouthisinspirationtobecomeachef?A.Hewasinspiredbywatchinghismothercook.B.Hebecameinterestedincookingwhenhewasachef.C.Hismotherdiscouragedhimfrombecomingachef.D.Hewasinspiredbyhisfriendswhowerechefs.Answer:AExplanation:Intheinterview,ChefJohnsonexplainsthathewasinspiredbywatchinghismothercook,whichledhimtorealizehewantedtobecomeachef.17、(Answer:B)AudioPrompt:Youwillhearashortconversationbetweentwostudentstalkingabouttheirfavoritesubjects.Question:Whatsubjectdoestheboylikebest?A.MathematicsB.EnglishC.HistoryExplanation:Inthedialogue,thegirlaskstheboywhathisfavoritesubjectis.TheboyrespondsbysayingthathefindsEnglishbothinterestingandusefulforfuturecareeropportunities.18、(Answer:C)AudioPrompt:Listentoateachergivinginstructionsforascienceexperiment.Question:Whatshouldthestudentsdofirstbeforestartingtheexperiment?A.Putontheirlabcoats.B.Readtheexperimentprocedure.C.Washtheirhands.Explanation:Theteacheremphasizessafetyandhygienebyinstructingthestudentstowashtheirhandsthoroughlybeforehandlinganymaterialsorequipmentduringtheexperiment.19.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwostudents,AliceandBob,discussingtheirweekendplans.Listencarefullyandanswerthequestion.Question:WhatactivitydoAliceandBobplantodotogetheronSundayafternoon?Gotoamovie.Visitamuseum.Haveapicnicinthepark.Playvideogames.Answer:C

Explanation:Intheconversation,Alicesuggestshavingapicnicinthepark,andBobagrees.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC)Haveapicnicinthepark.20.ListentoashortpassageaboutthehistoryoftheInternet.Afterlistening,answerthequestion.Question:Accordingtothepassage,whenwasthefirstemailsent?Inthe1970s.Inthe1980s.Inthe1990s.Inthe2000s.Answer:A

Explanation:Thepassagementionsthatthefirstemailwassentinthe1970s.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisA)Inthe1970s.二、閱讀理解（30分）Title:TheMagicofBooksReadingPassage:Bookshavealwaysbeenamagicalworldforme.FromthemomentIfirstpickedupabook,Iwasenchantedbythestoriesitcouldtell.Whetherit’safantasynovel,ahistoricalaccount,orasciencefictiontale,bookshavethepowertotransportmetodifferentworldsandtimes.Oneofmyfavoritebooksis“TheHobbit”byJ.R.R.Tolkien.ThisclassictaletakesreadersonanadventurousjourneythroughMiddle-earth.ThestoryfollowstheadventuresofBilboBaggins,ahobbitwhoisthrustintoaworldofmagicandmystery.Alongtheway,Bilboencountersavarietyofcharacters,includingthewizardGandalf,thedwarves,andthefiercedragon,Smaug.OneofthemostmemorablescenesinthebookiswhenBilboandhiscompanionsareambushedbytheorcs.Intheheatofbattle,Bilbodiscoversahiddenstrengthwithinhimselfthatheneverknewhepossessed.Thismomentofself-discoveryisapowerfulreminderofthetransformativepowerofreading.Questions:1.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?

a)Theimportanceofreading

b)TheadventuresofBilboBaggins

c)Thepowerofmagic

d)Themagicalworldofbooks2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemostmemorablescenein“TheHobbit”?

a)Bilbo’sbirthdayparty

b)Theencounterwiththeelves

c)Thebattlewiththeorcs

d)ThedragonSmaug’slair3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthepowerofreading?

a)Itcanonlytransportreaderstofictionalworlds

b)Itcanhelpreadersdiscovertheirhiddenstrengths

c)Itisonlybeneficialforchildren

d)IthasnoimpactonpersonalgrowthAnswerKey:1.a)Theimportanceofreading2.c)Thebattlewiththeorcs3.b)Itcanhelpreadersdiscovertheirhiddenstrengths三、完型填空（15分）OxfordTreehouseEnglishGrade9FirstSemesterMid-termExamPartThree:ClozeTestReadthefollowingpassageandchoosethebestwordforeachblankfromtheoptionsgiven.Theworldoftechnologyisconstantlyevolving,andoneofthelatestinnovationsis[1].Thisdevice,knownasthe“SmartGlasses,”isapairofglassesthatcanconnecttotheinternetandprovidevarioususefulinformationtothewearer.HerearesomeofthekeyfeaturesoftheSmartGlasses:1.[2],theSmartGlassescandisplaynotificationsfromyoursmartphoneorcomputerdirectlyonyourlenses.2.Theyhaveabuilt-incamerathatallowsyoutotake[3]photosandvideos,whichcanbeeasilysharedwithothers.3.TheSmartGlassescanalsoprovidereal-time[4],suchasweatherupdates,newsheadlines,anddirections.4.Theyhaveanintegratedmicrophoneandspeaker,allowingyouto[5]hands-freecalls.Choosethebestoptionforeachblank:1.A)arevolutionaryinvention

B)anold-fashioneddevice

C)asimplegadget

D)apopulartoy2.A)Because

B)Although

C)If

D)When3.A)low-quality

B)high-resolution

C)blurred

D)black-and-white4.A)entertainment

B)information

C)advice

D)complaints5.A)make

B)receive

C)ignore

D)cancelAnswers:1.A)arevolutionaryinvention2.D)When3.B)high-resolution4.B)information5.A)make四、語法填空題（本大題有10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1、Thebook,___________coveriswornout,isacollectionofshortstoriesbyJaneAusten.A.itsB.whoseC.whichD.that答案：B解析：此題考查非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，修飾其先行詞book，表示“這本書的”，因此應(yīng)使用表示所有格的關(guān)系詞。選項B“whose”正是表示所有格的關(guān)系詞，所以是正確答案。2、Bytheendoflastyear,hehad___________learnedmorethan10,000words.A.alreadyB.yetC.stillD.even答案：A解析：此題考查副詞的用法。根據(jù)句意，我們需要表示到去年年底為止他已經(jīng)學了很多單詞，這是一個完成時的句子。選項A“already”表示“已經(jīng)”，符合句意，是正確答案。選項B“yet”通常用于否定句或疑問句中表示“還”，選項C“still”表示“仍然”，選項D“even”表示“甚至”，這些選項在此句中都不合適。3、Inthe__________,theteacher___________usafascinatingstoryabouttheancientcivilization.A.time,toldB.moment,toldC.situation,toldD.occasion,toldAnswer:B.moment,toldExplanation:Thecorrectphrasetousehereis“atthemoment,”whichmeans“inthatspecificmoment.”Thepasttense“told”isusedtoindicatethattheactionoftellingthestoryhasalreadyoccurred.Therefore,thecorrectansweris“moment”forthefirstblankand“told”forthesecondblank.4、Thebook___________onthetableisabouttheadventuresofayoungexplorer.A.laysB.lainC.layingD.layAnswer:D.layExplanation:Thesentencedescribesastateofbeing,sothepresentsimpletenseisnotappropriate.Thepastparticiple“l(fā)ain”isincorrectbecauseitisthepastparticipleof“l(fā)ie,”not“l(fā)ay.”“Laying”isthegerundformanddoesnotfitthecontext.Thecorrectansweris“l(fā)ay,”whichisthesimplepasttenseof“l(fā)ay”andisusedhereasanintransitiveverbtodescribethepositionofthebookonthetable.5.Thebook,___________waswrittenbyMarkTwain,ismyfavorite.A.whichB.thatC.itD.itsAnswer:B.thatExplanation:Thesentenceisusingarelativeclausetogiveadditionalinformationaboutthebook.Therelativepronoun“that”isusedtorefertoanoun(thebook)andisthecorrectchoiceherebecauseitisusedtointroducearestrictiverelativeclause,whichprovidesessentialinformationaboutthenoun.6.Idon’tthink___________willcometotheparty,butIcouldbewrong.A.himB.heC.hewillD.himwillAnswer:B.heExplanation:Thesentenceisusingasubjectcomplementtocompletethethought.Thesubject“I”isfollowedbytheverb“think,”andthecomplementshouldbeapronounthatrefersbacktothesubject.“He”isthecorrectpronountousehereasitagreesinnumberwiththesubject“I”andfunctionsasthesubjectoftheembeddedclause“willcometotheparty.”Theotheroptionsareincorrectbecausetheydonotfunctionasasubjectortheyarenotinthecorrectformtobeasubjectcomplement.7.Inthepark,childrenareplaying_______happilythattheydon’tevennoticethetimepassingby.A.soB.suchC.tooD.veryAnswer:A

Explanation:Thecorrectphrasehereis“so…that…”,whichisusedtoindicatearesultorconsequence.Thesentencemeansthatthechildrenareplayingsohappilythattheydon’tnoticethetimepassing.“Such”isoftenusedwithanounphrase,notanadverblike“happily,”and“too”and“very”donotfitthestructureneededtoexpresstheresult.8.Ifyou_______yourhomeworkbeforethedeadline,youwillbeabletoenjoythemovienight.A.finishB.havefinishedC.wouldfinishD.willfinishAnswer:A

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“finish”becauseitisinthepresenttense,whichisappropriatefortheconditionalstructure“if…youwill…”Here,thespeakerissuggestingapresentconditionthat,ifmet,willleadtoafutureresult.Theotheroptionsarenotinthecorrecttenseormoodforthisconditionalsentence.9.Theteachersaidthatshehadneverseensuchabeautifulgardenbefore.(______)A.hadnotsheB.hadn’tsheC.hadn’tID.hadn’titAnswer:B.hadn’tsheExplanation:Thesentenceisareportedspeechfromaquestion.Theoriginalquestionwaslikely“Haveyoueverseensuchabeautifulgardenbefore?”Whenreportingaquestion,weusuallychangethetenseofthereportedquestiontothepresentperfect.Thepronounshouldalsomatchthesubjectofthereportedspeech,whichis“she.”Therefore,thecorrectansweris“hadn’tshe.”10.IfIhadknownaboutthetrafficjam,I________thereontime.(______)A.wouldhavearrivedB.wouldarriveC.hadarrivedD.havearrivedAnswer:A.wouldhavearrivedExplanation:Thisisaconditionalsentenceinthepastperfecttense,indicatingahypotheticalsituation.Thecorrectformtoexpressthisis“if+pastperfect,wouldhave+pastparticiple.”Thepastperfecttensehereis“hadknown,”andthepastparticipleof“arrive”is“arrived.”Therefore,thecorrectansweris“wouldhavearrived.”五、簡答題（本大題有5小題，每小題2分，共10分）1、Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenanarrativeandanexpositorytext?答案：1.Narrativetextsareusuallyabouteventsorasequenceofevents,whileexpositorytextsprovideinformationorexplainatopic.2.Innarratives,thefocusisoncharacters,plot,andconflict,whereasinexpositorytexts,thefocusisonfacts,details,andexplanations.3.Narrativesareoftentoldfromapersonalperspective,whileexpositorytextscanbemoreobjectiveandfactual.解析：Thisquestionteststhestudents’understandingofdifferenttexttypes.Theanswershouldhighlightthekeydifferencesinpurpose,structure,andfocusbetweennarrativesandexpositorytexts.Theanswerprovidedliststhemaindistinctionsbetweenthetwo,ensuringacomprehensiveresponse.2、Howcanyoueffectivelyusetransitionalwordsandphrasesinanessaytoimprovecoherenceandcohesion?答案：1.Usetransitionalwordslike“however,”“furthermore,”and“therefore”tointroducecontrasts,additions,andconclusions,respectively.2.Employtransitionalphrasessuchas“incontrast,”“asaresult,”and“forexample”toprovidesmoothtransitionsbetweenideasandtosupportyourarguments.3.Beconsistentinusingtransitionaldevicesthroughouttheessaytomaintainalogicalflowofinformation.解析：Thisquestionassessesthestudents’abilitytouselanguageeffectivelyinessaywriting.Theanswershouldprovidepracticalexamplesoftransitionalwordsandphrasesandexplainhowtheyenhancetheessay’scoherenceandcohesion.Theresponseoutlinestheuseofdifferenttypesoftransitionalelementsandtheirappropriateapplicationsinanessay.3、WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthepastsimpletenseinEnglish?Answer:ThemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthepastsimpletenseinEnglishareasfollows:Timereference:Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,orhaveapresentresult.Thepastsimpletenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepastandarenotrelevanttothepresent.Useofadverbs:Thepresentperfecttenseoftenusesadverbslike“already,”“just,”“yet,”or“ever.”Thepastsimpletensecanalsouseadverbs,buttheyareusuallydifferent,suchas“yesterday,”“l(fā)astweek,”“l(fā)astyear,”etc.Structure:Thepresentperfecttenseisformedwith“have”or“has”followedbythepastparticipleoftheverb.Forexample,“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”Thepastsimpletenseisformedwiththebaseformoftheverbfollowedbythesubject.Forexample,“Ifinishedmyhomework.”Context:Thepresentperfecttenseisoftenusedinconversationsandnarrativesthatinvolvepasteventswithapresentconnection.Thepastsimpletenseisusedinnarrativesandstoriesthatfocusonpasteventsthatarenotconnectedtothepresent.4、Howcanyoueffectivelyusetransitionalwordsandphrasestoimprovethecoherenceofyourwriting?Answer:Toeffectivelyusetransitionalwordsandphrasestoimprovethecoherenceofyourwriting,followthesetips:Identifythepurpose:Determinetherelationshipbetweenideasorsentencesandchoosetheappropriatetransitionalwordorphrasethatconveysthatrelationship.Useavarietyoftransitions:Therearedifferenttypesoftransitionalwordsandphrases,suchaschronological(first,next,then),spatial(besides,inaddition,ontheotherhand),causeandeffect(because,therefore,consequently),andcomparison(similarly,equally,however).Introduceasmoothtransition:Beginanewsentenceorparagraphwithatransitionalwordorphrasetoconnectittothepreviousone.Thishelpsther