英語四級歷年真題

2016年6月英語四級真題第一套（文字版整理）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpress

yourthankstoyourparentsoranyfamilymembersuponmakingmemorableachievement.

Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180wordso

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions：Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreportsoAttheend

ofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions。Boththenewsreport

andthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion,youmust

choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)。Then

markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentreo

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheardo

loA)TheInternationalLaborOrganization?skeyobjective。

B)Thebasicsocialprotectionforthemostvulnerable.,

C)Risingunemploymentworldwide。

D)Globaleconomicrecovery。

2oA)Manycountrieshavenottakenmeasurestocreateenoughjobso

B)Fewcountriesknowhowtoaddressthecurrenteconomiccrisis。

C)Fewcountrieshaverealizedtheseriousnessofthecurrentcrisiso

D)Manycountriesneedsupporttoimprovetheirpeople'slivelihood。

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheardo

3oA)Servestandardizedfoodnationwide。

B)Putcalorieinformationonthemenuo

C)Increaseproteincontentinthefood。

D)Offerconvenientfoodtocustomerso

4。A)Theywillbefined。

B)Theywillbeclosedo

C)Theywillgetawarning。

D)Theywilllosecustomerso

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheardo

5oA)Inabilitytoimplementtheirbusinessplans。

B)Inabilitytokeepturningoutnovelproductso

C)Lackofasuccessfulbusinessmodeloftheirown。

D)Failuretointegrateinnovationintotheirbusinesso

6oA)Itisthesecrettobusinesssuccess。

B)Itisthecreationofsomethingnew。

C)Itisamagictooltobringbigrewardso

D)Itisanessentialpartofbusinessculture。

7OA)Itshardworkingemployees。

B)Itsflexiblepromotionstrategy。

C)Itsinnovationculture。

D)Itswillingnesstomakeinvestments(>

SectionB

Directions：Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations。Atthe

endofeachconversationsyouwillhearfourquestionsoBoththeconversationsand

thequestion-swillbespokenonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion。Youmustchoose

thebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B),C)andD)°Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre。

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheardo

8oA)He'sgotaddictedtotechnology。

B)Heisnotverygoodatsocializingo

C)Heiscrazyabouttext-messaging。

D)liedoesnottalklongonthephone。

9oA)Talkbigo

B)Talkatlengtho

C)Gossipaloto

D)Forgetherselfo

10oA)Hethoughtitwascool。

B)Heneededthepractice。

C)Hewantedtostayconnectedwiththem。

D)Hehadanurgentmessagetosendo

lloA)Itposesachallengetoseniors。

B)Itsavesbothtimeandmoneyo

C)Itischildishandunprofessionalo

D)Itiscoolandconveniento

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheardo

12oA)Hewantstochangehisjobassignment。

B)lieisunhappywithhisdepartmentmanagero

C)Hethinkshedeservesextrapayforovertime。

D)Heisoftensingledoutforcriticismbyhisbosso

13oA)Hisworkloadwasmuchtooheavy。

B)Uisimmediatebossdidnottrusthim。

C)Hiscolleaguesoftenrefusedtocooperateo

D)Hissalarywastoolowforhisresponsibility0

14oA)Heneverknowshowtorefuse。

B)Heisalwaysreadytohelpotherso

C)Hisbosshasalotoftrustinhim。

D)Uisbosshasnosenseoffairnesso

15oA)Putal1hiscomplaintsinwritingo

B)Waitandseewhathappensnexto

C)Learntosaynowhennecessary。

D)Talktohisbossinpersonfirsto

SectionC

Directions：Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesoAttheendofeach

passage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestionsoBoththepassageandthequestions

willbespokenonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswer

fromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)°Thenmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre。

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheardo

16oA)Theimportanceofsleeptoahealthylife。

B)ReasonsforAmericans'declineinsleep。

C)Sometipstoimprovethequalityofsleepo

D)Diseasesassociatedwithlackofsleep。

17oA)Theyaremorehealth-consciouso

B)Theyarechangingtheir1ivinghabits。

C)Theygetlessandlesssleep。

D)Theyknowthedangersoflackofsleep。

18oA)Theirweightwillgodown。

B)Theirmindfunctionwilldeteriorate。

C)Theirworkefficiencywilldecreaseo

D)Theirbloodpressurewillrise。

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheardo

19oA)Howmuchyoucanaffordtopay。

B)Whatcourseyouaregoingtochoose。

C)Whichuniversityyouaregoingtoapplyto。

D)Whenyouaregoingtosubmityourapplication。

20oA)Thelistofcoursesstudiedo

B)Thefullrecordofscores。

C)Thereferencesfromteacherso

D)Thepersonalstatemento

21oA)Specifywhattheywouldliketodoaftergraduation。

B)Describeindetailhowmuchtheywouldenjoystudying。

C)Indicatetheyhavereflectedandthoughtaboutthesubjecto

D)Emphasizethattheyadmiretheprofessorsintheuniversity。

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheardo

22oA)Itwasequippedwithrubbertyreso

B)Itwasbuiltinthelate19thcentury。

C)ItwaspurchasedbytheRoyalfamily。

D)ItwasdesignedbyanEnglishengineer。

23oA)Theyconsumedlotsofpetrolo

B)Theytooktwopassengersonly。

C)Theyweredifficulttodrive。

D)Theyoftenbrokedown。

24oA)Theywereproducedontheassemblyline。

B)Theywerebuiltwithlesscostlymaterials。

C)TheyweremodeledafterBritishcars。

D)Theyweremadeforordinaryuse。

25oA)Itmadenewsallovertheworldo

B)ItwasbuiltfortheRoyalfamily。

C)Itmarkedanewerainmotortravelo

D)Itattractedlargenumbersofmotorists。

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanksoYouare

requiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninaword

bankfollowingthepassage。Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyour

choicesoEachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletteroPleasemarkthe

correspondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthe

centreoYoumaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce。

Questions26to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheardo

Physicalactivitydoesthebodygood,andthere'sgrowingevidencethatithelps

thebraintoo.ResearchersintheNetherlandsreportthatchiIdrenwhogetmore

exercise,whetheratschoolorontheirown,(26)tohavehigherGPAsandbetter

scoresonstandardizedtests.Ina(27)of14studiesthatlookedatphysicalactivity

andacademic(28),investigatorsfoundthatthemorechildrenmoved,thebetter

theirgradeswereinschool,(29)inthebasicsubjectsofmath,Englishandreading.

Thedatawillcertainlyfueltheongoingdebateoverwhetherphysicaleducation

classesshouldbecutasschoolsstruggleto(30)onsmallerbudgets.Thearguments

againstphysicaleducationhaveincludedconcernsthatgymtimemaybetakingaway

fromstudytime.WithstandardizedtestscoresintheU.S.(31)inrecentyears,

someadministratorsbelievestudentsneedtospendmoretimeintheclassroominstead

ofontheplayground.Butasthesefindingsshow,exerciseandacademicsmaynot

be(32)exclusive.Physicalactivitycanimproveblood(33)tothebrain,fueling

memory,attentionandcreativity,whichare(34)tolearning.Andexercisereleases

hormonesthatcanimprove(35)andrelievestress,whichcanalsohelplearning.

Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhenthey'rerunning

around,theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.

注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

A)attendance

B)consequently

C)current

D)depressing

E)dropping

F)essential

G)feasible

H)flow

I)mood

J)mutually

K)particularly

L)performance

M)review

N)survive

0)tend

SectionB

Directions：Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatements

attachedtoit。Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphso

Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived。Youmaychoosea

paragraphmorethanonce。Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter。Answerthe

questionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2。

FindingtheRightHome一andContentment,Too

[A]Whenyourelderlyrelativeneedstoentersomesortoflong-termcare

facility—amomentfewparentsorchiIdrenapproachwithoutfear一whatyouwould

likeistohaveeverythingmadeclear。

[B]Doesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome,

orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesigners?Arenursinghomesas

badaspeoplefear,oristhatanout-modedstereotype(固定看法)？Candoing

one'shomeworkreallysteerfamiliestothebestplaces?Itisgenuinelyhardto

knowo

[C]Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindof

facilityanolderpersonlivesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed。Andthat

thecharacteristicsadultchildrenlookforwhentheybeginthesearcharenot

necessarilythethingsthatmakeadifferencetothepeoplewhoaregoingtomove

in。Iamnottalkingaboutthequalityofcare,letmehastilyadd。Nobodyflourishes

inagloomyenvironmentwithirresponsiblestaffandapoorsafetyrecordoButan

accumulatingbodyofresearchindicatesthatsomedistinctionsbetweenonetypeof

eldercareandanotherhavelittlerealbearingonhowwellresidentsdo。

[D]Themostrecentofthesestudies,publishedinThejournalofApplied

Gerontology,surveyed150Connecticutresidentsofassistedliving,nursinghomes

andsmallerresidentialcarehomes(knowninsomestatesasboardandcarehomes

oradultcarehomes)。ResearchersfromtheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenter

askedtheresidentsalargenumberofquestionsabouttheirqualityoflife,

emotionalwell-beingandsocialinteraction,aswellasaboutthequalityofthe

facilitieso

[E]"Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes,“said

theleadauthorofthestudy,JulieRobison,anassociateprofessorofmedicine

attheuniversity。Areasonableassumption一don,tfamiliesstruggletoavoid

nursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan't?

[F]Intheinitialresults,assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemost

positivepictureoTheywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthose

intheotherfacilities,forinstance,andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely。

Theyscoredhigheronsocialinteraction。

[G]Butwhentheresearcherspluggedinanumberofothervariables,such

differencesdisappeared。Itisnotthehousingtype,theyfound,thatcreates

differencesinresidents'responseso“Itisthecharacteristicsofthespecific

environmenttheyarein,combinedwiththeirownpersonalcharacteristics-how

healthytheyfeeltheyare,theirageandmaritalstatus,“Dr。Robisonexplained,.

Whetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontomoveandhowlongtheyhadlived

therealsoprovedsignificant.,

[H]Anelderlypersonwhodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth,therefore,might

benolessdepressedinassistedliving(evenifherchildrenpreferredit)than

inanursinghome。Apersonwhobadinputintowherehewouldmoveandhashadtime

toadapttoitmightdoaswellinanursinghomeasinasmallresidentialcare

home,otherfactorsbeingequaloItisaninteractionbetweenthepersonandthe

place,notthesortofplaceinitself,thatleadstobetterorworseexperiences.,

“Youcan,tjustsay,'Let'sputthispersoninaresidentialcarehomeinstead

ofanursinghome一shewillbemuchbetteroff,“Dr。Robisonsaid。Whatmatters,

sheadded,“isacombinationofwhatpeoplebringinwiththem,andwhatthey

findthere。"

[I]Suchfindings,whichruncountertocommonsense,havesurfacedbefore。

Inamulti-statestudyofassistedliving,forinstance,UniversityofNorth

Carolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariables-thefacility'stype,size

orage；whetherachainownedit；howattractivetheneighborhoodwas—hadno

significantrelationshiptohowtheresidentsfaredintermsofillness,mental

decline,hospitalizationsormortality。Whatmatteredmostwastheresidents'

physicalhealthandmentalstatusoWhatpeoplewerelikewhentheycameinhad

greaterconsequencethanwhathappenedonetheywerethere。

[J]AsIwasconsideringallthis,apressreleasefromarespectedresearch

firmcrossedmydesk,announcingthatthefive-starratingsystemthatMedicare

developedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequalityalsohaslittle

relationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare。Asamatter

offact,consumersexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilities,

thelowestrated,thanwiththefive-starones。(Moreonthisstudyandthestar

ratingswillappearinasubsequentposto)

[K]Beforewecollectivelytearourhairout一howarewesupposedtofindour

wayinalandscapethisconfusing?-hereisathoughtfromDr。PhilipSloane,

ageriatrician(老年病學專家)attheUniversityofNorthCarolina：”Inaway,that

couldbeliberatingforfamilieso”

[L]Ofcourse,sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities,talktothe

administratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies,anddoeverythingpossibleto

fulfilltheirduties。Butperhapstheydon,thavetoturnthemselvesintoprivate

investigatorsorCongressionalsubcommitteesouFamiliescanlookabitmorefor

wheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy,“Dr。Sloanesaid。Andinvolvingthe

futureresidentintheprocesscanbeveryimportanto

[M]Weallhaveourownideasaboutwhatwouldbringourparentshappiness。

Theyhavetheirideas,toooAfriendrecentlytookhermothertovisitanexpensive

assistedliving/nursinghomenearmytown。Ihaveseenthisplace一itiselegant,

insideandout。Butnobodygreetedthedaughterandmotherwhentheyarrived,though

thevisithadbeenplanned；nobodyintroducedthemtotheotherresidents。When

theyhadlunchinthediningroom,theysataloneatatable。

[N]Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere,andsoshedecided

tomoveherintoamorewelcomingfacility。Basedonwhatisemergingfromsome

ofthisresearch,thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreachadecision。

36oManypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaplaceotherthananursing

homefortheirparents。

37.Thoughithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities,involvingtheir

parentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayproveveryimportanto

38.Itisreallydifficulttotellifassistedlivingisbetterthananursing

home。

39.Howaresidentfeelsdependsonaninteractionbetweenthemselvesandthe

carefacilitytheylivein。

40.Theauthorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamore

hospitableplaceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome。

41.ThesystemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelp

tofindingasatisfactoryplace。

42.Atfirsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassisted

livingfacilitiesgavehigherscoresonsocialinteraction.,

43.Whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwe

thinko

44.Thefindingsofthelatestresearchweresimilartoanearliermulti-state

studyofassistedlivingo

45.Aresident'ssatisfactionwithacarefacilityhasmuchtodowithwhether

theyhadparticipatedinthedecisiontomoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere。

SectionC

Directions：Thereare2passagesinthissectiorioEachpassageisfollowed

bysomequestionsorunfinishedstatementsoForeachofthemtherearefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD)。Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre。

Passageone

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage。

AsArtificialIntelligence(AI)becomesincreasinglysophisticated,thereare

growingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreatoThisdangercanbeavoided,

accordingtocomputerscienceprofessorStuartRussell,ifwefigureouthowto

turnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode。

Russellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks,it'snecessary

totranslateourmoralsintoAIlanguageo

Forexample,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn,twantit

toputthepetcatintheoventomakedinnerforthehungrychildren?！盰ouwould

wantthatrobotpreloadedwithagoodsetofvalues,“saidRussello

Somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues。Forexample,mobile

robotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortabledistancefromhumans。Obviously

thereareculturaldifferences,butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandthey

cameupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn,tthinkthat'sthekindofthing

aproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo。

Itwillbepossibletocreatemoresophisticatedmoralmachines,ifonlywe

canfindawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules。

Robotscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdata

onhumanbehavior。Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecareless。

Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthathumanbeings

failtososufficienttestingandthey'veproducedasystemthatwillbreaksome

kindoftaboo(禁忌)。

Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobottocheckthecorrectcourseofaction

withahumanwhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation。

Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimalissuitableforthemicrowave,ithas

theopportunitytostop,sendoutbeeps(嘟嘟聲)，andaskfordirectionsfrom

ahumanoIfwehumansaren,tquitesureaboutadecision,wegoandasksomebody

elseo

Themostdifficultstepinprogrammingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwe

believeinmoral,andhowtocreateasetofethicalrulesoButifwecomeupwith

ananswer,robotscouldbegoodforhumanity。

46.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthethreatofrobots?

A)Itmayconstituteachallengetocomputerprogranmerso

B)Itaccompaniesallmachineryinvolvinghightechnology。

C)Itcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguageo

D)Ithasbecomeaninevitableperilastechnologygetsmoresophisticatedo

47.Whatwouldwethinkofapersonwhoinvadesourpersonalspaceaccordingto

theauthor?

A)Theyareaggressive。

B)Theyareoutgoingo

C)Theyareignoranto

D)Theyareill-bred。

48.Howdorobotslearnhumanvalues?

A)Byinteractingwithhumansineverydaylifesituationso

B)Byfollowingthedailyroutinesofcivilizedhumanbeingso

C)Bypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior。

D)Byimitatingthebehaviorofpropertybrought-uphumanbeings。

49.Whatwillawe11-programmedrobotdowhenfacinganunusualsituation?

A)keepadistancefrompossibledangerso

B)Stoptoseekadvicefromahumanbeingo

C)Triggeritsbuilt-inalarmsystematonce。

D)Dosufficienttestingbeforetakingaction。

50.Whatismostdifficulttodowhenweturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammable

code?

A)Determinewhatismoralandethicalo

B)Designsomelarge-scaleexperimentso

C)Setrulesforman-machineinteraction<,

D)Developamoresophisticatedprogramo

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassageo

Whydosomepeoplelivetobeolderthanothers?Youknowthestandard

explanations：keepingamoderatediet,engaginginregularexercise,etc。But

whateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity(長壽)？Dosomekindsof

personalitiesleadtolongerlives?AnewstudyintheJournaloftheAmerican

GeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionbyexaminingthepersonality-

characteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatleast100。

Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoing,moreactive

andlessneurotic(神經(jīng)質的)thanotherpeople。Long-livingwomenarealsomore

likelytobesympatheticandcooperativethanwomenwithanormallifespan。These

findingsareinagreementwithwhatyouwou1dexpectfromtheevolutionarytheory：

thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomake

itthroughtoughtimes。

Interestingly,however,othercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsider

advantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantswerelikelytolivelonger。

Thosewhoweremoreself-disciplined,forinstance,werenomorelikelytolive

tobeveryold。Also,beingopentonewideashadnorelationshiptolonglife,

whichmightexplainallthosebad-temperedoldpeoplewhoarefixedintheirwayso

Whetheryoucansuccessfullychangeyourpersonalityasanadultisthesubject

ofalongstandingpsychologicaldebate。Butthenewpapersuggeststhatifyouwant

longlife,youshouldstrivetobeasoutgoingaspossible。

Unfortunately,anotherrecentstudyshowsthatyourmother,spersonalitymay

alsohelpdetermineyourlongevity。Thatstudylookedatnearly28,000Norwegian

mothersandfoundthatthosemomswhoweremoreanxious,depressedandangrywere

morelikelytofeedtheirkidsunhealthydiets。Patternsofchildhoodeatingcan

behardtobreakwhenwe'readults,whichmaymeanthatkidsofdepressedmoms

endupdyingyoungero

Personalityisn,tdestiny(命運)，andeveryoneknowsthatindividualscan

learntochange。Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisn'tjustamatterofyour

physicalhealthbutofyourmentalhealtho

51oTheaimofthestudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSociety

is____o

A)toseewhetherpeople'spersonalityaffectstheirlifespan

B)tofindoutifone'slifestylehasanyeffectontheirhealth

C)toinvestigatetheroleofexerciseinlivingalonglife

D)toexamineallthefactorscontributingtolongevity

52oWhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutoutgoingandsympatheticpeople?

A)Theyhaveagoodunderstandingofevolution。

B)Theyarebetteratnegotiatinganagreemento

C)Theygenerallyappearmoreresourcefulo

D)Theyaremorelikelytogetoverhardship。

53oWhatfindingofthestudymightprovesomewhatoutofourexpectation?

A)Easy-goingpeoplecanalsolivearelativelylonglife。

B)Personalitycharacteristicsthatproveadvantageousactuallyvarywithtimeso

C)Suchpersonalitycharacteristicsasself-disciplinehavenoeffecton

longevityo

D)Readinesstoacceptnewideashelpsoneenjoylongevity。

54oWhatdoestherecentstudyofNorwegianmothersshow?

A)Children'spersonalitycharacteristicsareinvariablydeterminedbytheir

motherso

B)Peoplewithunhealthyeatinghabitsarelikelytodiesooner。

C)Mothers'influenceonchildrenmaylastlongerthanfathers'°

D)Mothers'negativepersonalitycharacteristicsmayaffecttheirchildren'

slifespanso

55.Whatcanwelearnfromthefindingsofthetwonewstudies?

A)Anxietyanddepressionmoreoftenthannotcutshortone,slifespan。

B)Longevityresultsfromacombinationofmentalandphysicalhealth。

C)Personalityplaysadecisiveroleinhowhealthyoneis。

D)Healthisinlar