閱讀理解之七選五三大技巧（講案）解析版-2024年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單

高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單

專(zhuān)題37閱讀理解之七選五三大技巧（講案）解析版

（快問(wèn)快答+思維導(dǎo)圖+考法點(diǎn)撥+真題再練+名校模擬）

目錄

一、閱讀理解七選五快問(wèn)快答P2

二、閱讀理解七選五高考考情P2

三、閱讀理解七選五思維導(dǎo)圖P3

四、閱讀理解七選五考法點(diǎn)撥P3

考法一：利用詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)技巧P3

考法二：利用代詞指代關(guān)系P5

考法三：利用前后句邏輯關(guān)系（七種）P7

五、閱讀理解七選五真題演練（6篇）P12

六、閱讀理解七選五名校模擬（13篇）P20

七、閱讀理解七選五真題演練（邏輯關(guān)系，片段式，10例）P37

一、閱讀理解七選五快問(wèn)快答

Q1：閱讀理解七選五有什么特點(diǎn)？

A1：閱讀理解七選五屬于閱讀理解中檔題型，區(qū)分度好，需要考生有較強(qiáng)的做題技能和閱讀判斷能力。

Q2：閱讀理解七選五做題步驟如何？

A2：一是“通讀”…通讀全文把握大意，二是“細(xì)讀”…以空位單位,結(jié)合設(shè)空位置和段落結(jié)構(gòu)做出初步判斷。

注意先易后難，一時(shí)有困難及時(shí)放一放，三是“復(fù)讀”一重點(diǎn)復(fù)讀有疑問(wèn)的選項(xiàng)，從設(shè)空位置、前后句邏輯、

段落關(guān)鍵詞入手多方考慮。

Q3：閱讀理解七選五有哪些考查方法？

A3：閱讀理解七選五有五大考查方向：一是段首標(biāo)題句，二是段落主題句/過(guò)渡句，三是段中瞻前顧后句，

四是段尾設(shè)空題，五是殘缺前/后半句型。

Q4：如何提高閱讀理解七選五正答率？

A4：一要掌握閱讀理解七選五命題規(guī)律和選項(xiàng)特征，二要不斷擴(kuò)大詞匯量，尤其是3500高考高頻詞匯，

三要廣泛進(jìn)行閱讀實(shí)踐和專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練，積累推理判斷經(jīng)驗(yàn)，掌握整體閱讀這一要旨，摸索出一套行之有效的

個(gè)性化做題模式，四要重視糾錯(cuò)，探尋錯(cuò)誤原因，防止出現(xiàn)類(lèi)似錯(cuò)誤。

二、閱讀理解七選五高考考情

閱讀七選五考查考生對(duì)文章內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)及上下文邏輯的理解和把握。在一段約300詞的短文中留出5

個(gè)空白，要求考生從所給的7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，使補(bǔ)全后的短文意思通順、前后連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。

1.選文以說(shuō)明文為主，記敘文、議論文為輔。題型以段中句為主，段首句和段尾句為輔。

2.話(huà)題與當(dāng)代社會(huì)生活緊密相關(guān)、人文氣息濃厚，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)愛(ài)自我、關(guān)愛(ài)社會(huì)、熱愛(ài)生活。

年份卷別體裁類(lèi)別主題段首段中段尾選項(xiàng)特指字?jǐn)?shù)

新課標(biāo)I卷說(shuō)明文人與自我使用英語(yǔ)詞典的心得140完整句273+61

2024

新課標(biāo)II卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)如何避免過(guò)度性旅游131完整句259+52

新課標(biāo)I卷說(shuō)明文人與自我學(xué)會(huì)自我原諒的辦法041完整句247+82

2023

新課標(biāo)II卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)開(kāi)啟藝術(shù)之旅的建議131完整句261+63

新課標(biāo)I卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)如何找到健身伙伴041完整句257+76

2022

新課標(biāo)II卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)寫(xiě)文章好修改技巧140完整句237+74

新課標(biāo)I卷記敘文人與社會(huì)巴黎一周生活經(jīng)歷140完整句270+83

2021

新課標(biāo)II卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)提高閱讀速度建議122完整句250+75

2020新課標(biāo)I卷記敘文人與社會(huì)公開(kāi)演講的一些原則131完整句235+73

三、閱讀理解七選五思維導(dǎo)圖

T讀全文）（看位置）（找聯(lián)系）思邏輯]—（析選項(xiàng)

速讀全文，看題目位于段首、尋找題目前后在詞（思考題目前后在分析選項(xiàng)的特征，

了解大意段中還是段尾匯、意義上的聯(lián)系[行文贏(yíng)邏輯關(guān)系預(yù)測(cè)所在文中的位置

N主旨句T一史必更堇少於暨”主典曳的畛目叫到?：3步準(zhǔn)做“七選五”

u承上啟;此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏捅径蔚膬?nèi)容連,：第一步：先做段首、段尾題，縮小排查范圍

「下句

：貫起來(lái)。因段首、段尾題耍么是主題句（總結(jié)句），

N總結(jié)句T如三鮮受奧巴育二更色有理承在色里堡J要么就是承上啟下句，具有鮮明的語(yǔ)言特征，

題目荷單，較易判定。做題時(shí)，先將這類(lèi)題目

u承上后;此空處的答案能夠?qū)⒈径魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連,：

「下旬：貫起來(lái)。的選項(xiàng)定位，既可縮小思考范圍，又可使原文

信息更加明了。

_[并列或1__；空格前后兩句話(huà)中有first,secon&third等詞，j_

第二步：剩余選項(xiàng)細(xì)排查，利用句間關(guān)系來(lái)判定

―（遞進(jìn)關(guān)系J：或also,further,similarly等詞。

隨著將段首、段尾題判定復(fù)位后，原文信

轉(zhuǎn)折或__；空格前后兩句話(huà)中有however,nevertheless,息會(huì)更加明了，再次通讀原文，理清剩余段中

段讓步關(guān)系：still,though等詞。

中題的句間關(guān)系，將剩余選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)復(fù)位。

題因果__；空格前后兩句話(huà)中有asaresult,thus,so第三步：代入選項(xiàng)通讀原文，句通意暢來(lái)驗(yàn)證

關(guān)系等詞。

-such…that將所選答案代入文中，重點(diǎn)檢查邏輯關(guān)系，

解釋例看有無(wú)不合行文邏輯的現(xiàn)象。

V證關(guān)系T前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。

四、閱讀理解七選五考法點(diǎn)撥

技巧一：利用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)技巧

【思維導(dǎo)圖】

[Wi同義現(xiàn)

同/近義同復(fù)現(xiàn)

反義詞且現(xiàn)

詞I

詞匯同現(xiàn)：同一詞匯成范疇或某二類(lèi)制

匯

復(fù)I的河"反復(fù)出現(xiàn)________________

?

法1苛*ft閱讀空前皇后兩句.幡定關(guān)犍詞.

在選項(xiàng)中搜索相關(guān)關(guān)做詞_____________

I忘蹄選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)fit詞一般破篁前一句

加的關(guān)健司.且與下一句的關(guān)tit同呼度

【調(diào)研01][2022新高考I卷】原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)notice

復(fù)現(xiàn)是為保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫(xiě)作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概

念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)主要是指原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同（近）義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、詞匯同現(xiàn)等。

Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernotjceincludedwhatkindoftrainingshe

wantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewanj^d*tospendoneachsession,andherage.Italso

listedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphmienumber.39

A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward^X*^

B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstp-wecloseby.

C.You'llworkharderifyotrfrainwithsomeoneelse.

D.Doyouwan^kweabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?

E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner99notice?

F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.

G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.

39.Go根據(jù)前文“Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincluded

whatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospend

oneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.

（我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項(xiàng)包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少

天，每次培訓(xùn)要花多少小時(shí)，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)和活動(dòng)，并提供了她的電話(huà)號(hào)碼。）”

可知,本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例,說(shuō)明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Anynotice

foratrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.（任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應(yīng)包括這些信息。）“符合上

下文語(yǔ)境。故選G。

【調(diào)研02]（2021全國(guó)甲卷38題）近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)"new”clothes=clothesingoodcondition

Invite5-10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.Lesspeoplethanthat,andtheremaynotbeenoughthings

tochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.

38.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir"ne\y''clotheshome.

A.Lesspeoplethanthat/

B.Holdaclothingswap/

C.Iftwopeoplearecompeting/

D.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout/

E.Donatewhateverclothesareleftover/

F.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots/

G.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition

【解析】38.G。本題考查近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。本段空白后“Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarry

their6new9clotheshome.”講他們還應(yīng)準(zhǔn)備大量的可回收的袋子，來(lái)把“新”衣服帶回家。其中的“clothes”

原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)是解題提示，同時(shí)“new”表明衣服應(yīng)該是好的，對(duì)應(yīng)G選項(xiàng)中的“clean”“ingoodcondition"o

【調(diào)研03]（2021全國(guó)乙卷40題）同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)awkward和awkwardness

Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceata

dinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryoneualkingagainistogivethehostacompliment（贊揚(yáng)）.

40.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”

A.Howdoyouknowthehost

B.Thefirststepistogoexploring

C.Ifyouaskthequestion"Howdidyougethere?^^

D.Bepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangers

E.Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay

F.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking

G.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost

【解析】40.G。本段主要講面對(duì)“dinner-partykiller：awkwardsilence”（晚宴殺手：尷尬的沉默）時(shí)應(yīng)該怎

么辦。根據(jù)空前的"theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment

（贊揚(yáng)）“可知，解決辦法是贊揚(yáng)晚宴的主人，G項(xiàng)“Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthat

awkwardnessthemost”（他或她是最能感受到這種尷尬的人）符合語(yǔ)境。G選項(xiàng)中的“Heorshe”指代thehost,

“awkwardness”同義復(fù)現(xiàn)也是解題提示。故答案是Go

技巧二：利用代詞指代關(guān)系

【思維導(dǎo)圖】

代詞指代主要是指代前面悔及的名詞（蚯語(yǔ)）或

句子?.井芹滿(mǎn)代詞指代的肥中教還金母敬名詞

Ft液冷數(shù)/不可敝*同*至不近

代thcy/thcm指代黛，散X同

one泛指聯(lián)豁可教乜同

U.版:III代

ones泛指豆教者同

代詞的指

ihal'hIMM'熱式'..I

代息Z

:A

rlieIli?>\指“二川

他仆指代意義和收復(fù)數(shù)巧妙

【調(diào)研04］（2024全國(guó)甲卷第37題）

Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjust

somethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.37Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbody

thatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.

A.Eatproperlythroughouttheday.

B.Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.

C.Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.

D.Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.

E.Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.

F.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.

G.Thatwon*tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.

37.根據(jù)上文“Takeyourtime.Ifsimportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritious

ratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.（慢慢來(lái)。放慢腳步，把食物看作是有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的東西，

而不僅僅是會(huì)議間隙吃的東西，這一點(diǎn)很重要）”可推知，本段主要建議讀者吃東西要細(xì)嚼慢咽，不要過(guò)于

急躁。C項(xiàng)“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽?！背薪由衔?。符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。

【調(diào)研05]（2023新高考I卷39題）人稱(chēng)代詞they

Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchange

thoughtsonwhatmakeseach步而ispecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don't

waituntilyou'vemadea^fnstaketotrythis——it'sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.

A.Alittleself-fojj^ivenessalsogoesalongway.

B.Nowjirfallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.

C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.

D.It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.

E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhafshappenedorforgetit.

F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.

G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.

【解析】39.根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialand

theaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough』這樣，你們就可以交換意見(jiàn)，談?wù)勈鞘裁醋屇銈兠總€(gè)人

都與眾不同，以及你們個(gè)性中閃光的方面。產(chǎn)可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會(huì)使得你和朋友們一

起交換意見(jiàn)等。選項(xiàng)CuTheymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexerciser他們甚至可能想試一試做練

習(xí)。）“符合語(yǔ)境，C項(xiàng)中的“they”與空前的"Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyour

list.（你可以讓朋友或家人幫你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。）”中的“afriendorfamilymember”保持一致，同時(shí)選項(xiàng)

C和下文“Infact,don'twaituntilyou'vemadeamistaketotrythis-it'sagreatwaytoboost

self-confidenceatanytime.（事實(shí)上，不要等到你犯了錯(cuò)誤才去嘗試這個(gè)這是一個(gè)在任何時(shí)候都能增強(qiáng)

自信的好方法。）”中的“this”一致。故選C。

【調(diào)研06］（2018全國(guó)I卷37+38+39題）代詞指代

Overhavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportant

point.37theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere9rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisions

youneedtoinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.

38.They5rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoadd

visualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,

smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesare

generallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39Theyrequireabigger

commitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.

A.Whileallofthemareuseful

B.Whateveryou'relookingfor

C.Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolor

D.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwith

E.It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces

F.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime

G.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways

【解析】37.A。代詞線(xiàn)索題?？崭窈蟮膖hey指代上文中的techniques,且與A項(xiàng)中的allofthem相呼應(yīng)，

代入A項(xiàng)“盡管它們都很有用％符合語(yǔ)境。結(jié)合第二段第一句中的"anumberofdifferenttechniques”以

及最后一句給出的三種設(shè)計(jì)方案可知，此處表示“雖然這些技巧非常有用，但它們會(huì)有一點(diǎn)復(fù)雜'故A

項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。

【解析】38?D。代詞線(xiàn)索題。第二段最后一句出現(xiàn)了"thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones",

第三段提到了"smallcolorchoices由此可知空處所在段主要在講"thesmallones”，故選Do

【解析】39.Go代詞線(xiàn)索題。第四段最后一句提到了"abiggercommitmentthansmallerones"和"amore

powerfuleffect”可知，此處是和上文中的"smallcolorchoices”作對(duì)比，故選Go

技巧三：利用前后句邏輯關(guān)系

【思維導(dǎo)圖】

總分關(guān)系-文章采用“總分”或“總分總”結(jié)構(gòu)

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系一but,however,instead,while,though

并列關(guān)系—and,then,foronething；tobeginwith

七選五之

邏輯關(guān)系因果關(guān)系一so/herefore,thuyasaresult,sothat

i^iS^^-too/adso^be^des.both...and；moreover

例證關(guān)系一forexample,forinstance,infact...

對(duì)比關(guān)系一while,ifnot,bycontrast,comparedto

【調(diào)研07］（2013全國(guó)I卷38+40題）總分關(guān)系

operationsofabusiness.38Oneistheestablishment（制定）ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;

sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting.39Thethirdrelatestotheestablishment

ofstandardsofworkinalldepartments.Directionisconcernedprimarilywithsupervision（監(jiān)管）andguidanceby

themanagementinauthority.40

A.Controlincludestheuseofrecordsandreportstocompareactualworkwiththesetstandardsforwork.

B.Inthisconnectionthereisthedifferencebetweentopmanagementandoperativemanagement.

C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessesincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.

D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.

E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.

F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.

G.Planninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.

【解析】38.Go前句解釋了商業(yè)管理的概念，下文為商業(yè)管理中規(guī)劃所包含的三個(gè)方面，與G項(xiàng)中的“three

mainaspects"相一致。故選G。

【解析】39.E。前一句為第一個(gè)方面，后一句為第三個(gè)方面，顯然本句應(yīng)介紹第二個(gè)方面。故選E。

【解析】40.Ao第二段的第一句介紹了商業(yè)管理中的三個(gè)技巧，分別是planning,direction和control。

接下來(lái)已經(jīng)介紹了前兩個(gè)技巧，最后一個(gè)技巧kontroP還未提及，所以本空應(yīng)涉及control的內(nèi)容。故選

Ao

【調(diào)研08］（2019全國(guó)H卷39題）解釋關(guān)系

Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyour

beliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.39Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.

Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.

A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.

B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?

C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.

D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?

E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.

F.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.

G.Withoutmotivationyoucanneithersetagoalnorreachit.

【解析】39.E。根據(jù)空格前的goalsareflexible可知，目標(biāo)是靈活的，E項(xiàng)“它們可以根據(jù)情況而改變”對(duì)

其進(jìn)行了解釋?zhuān)蔬xE項(xiàng)。

【調(diào)研09］（2023新高考I卷37題）例證關(guān)系

Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading"'Personalstrengths."37Areyoucaring?Creative?

Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyour

personalitythatyou'reproudof.

A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.

B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.

C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.

D.Ifsjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.

E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhafshappenedorforgetit.

F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.

G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.

【解析】37.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”（在日

記或紙上寫(xiě)上“個(gè)人優(yōu)點(diǎn)）”以及空后內(nèi)容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funto

bearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof.（你

有愛(ài)心嗎？有創(chuàng)造力嗎？你慷慨嗎？是一個(gè)好的傾聽(tīng)者？與人相處很有趣嗎？它們不一定要改變世界，只

要你個(gè)性中讓你感到自豪的方面就行。）”可知，空處指的是列出一些你個(gè)性中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B“Nowlistall

thecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.（現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點(diǎn)。）”符合上下文內(nèi)容，下

文內(nèi)容具體解釋那些是優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選B。

【調(diào)研10］（2016全國(guó)H卷38題）并列關(guān)系

Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersare

concernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers（月巴料）.2^However,

thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromour

earliestyears.

A.Knowwhyyougarden

B.Findagoodplaceforyourowngarden

C.It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmatters

D.It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowers

E.Stillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplants

F.Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,too

G.Foreachofthosegardens,writerdownthestrongestmemoryyouhave

【解析】38.Eo由本段中的第一句Some...?第二句的Others...?可鎖定E項(xiàng)中的Stillothers...?它們之

間為并列關(guān)系，故選E項(xiàng)。

【調(diào)研11］（2023全國(guó)甲卷37題）遞進(jìn)關(guān)系

?Practicegratitude（感激）

Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.

37.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.

A.Findyourcauses

B.Startwithsmalltasks

C.Accepttheuncomfortable

D.Allthisaddsuptoastateofhurry

E.Itcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatience

F.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerable

G.They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience

【解析】37.根據(jù)上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressed

andevenmoreoptimistic.（感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂(lè)，壓力更小，甚至更樂(lè)觀(guān)）”以及

后文“"Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,"saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.

（加州大學(xué)的研究員葉麗說(shuō)：“表達(dá)感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力。”廣可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可

知本句繼續(xù)說(shuō)明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心。E選項(xiàng)中It指代上文Thankfulness。故

E選項(xiàng)“它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。also表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。

【調(diào)研12］（2022全國(guó)乙卷40題）轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

,Don'trelyontechnologyalone

40,butlong-distancefriendships-evencloseones-mayrequiremoreconsciouseffortto

sustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwhenever

possible.

A.Rememberimportantdates

B.Compensatebywritingletters

C.Itisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper

D.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication

F.Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

G.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind

40.Fo設(shè)空處所在句子的后半句"butlong-distancefriendships一evencloseones一mayrequiremore

consciousefforttosustain."（但是異地友誼甚至是關(guān)系親密的友誼可能需要更加自覺(jué)地去維系。）

講的是我們要更加自覺(jué)地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說(shuō)明后半句與設(shè)空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項(xiàng)“朋友之間很容

易通過(guò)社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以通過(guò)社交媒體這種方式很容易與朋友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句

“requiremoreconsciousefforttosustain”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而且其中的“socialmedia”呼應(yīng)了該段的小標(biāo)題"Don't

relyontechnologyalone"（不要僅僅依賴(lài)技術(shù)）中的“technology”。故選F。

【調(diào)研13］（2020新高考卷38題）因果關(guān)系

Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistake

istheonewhoisspeaking.People'sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20

percentofaspeaker'smessage.So,don'tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit'satrulyseriousone.

38

A.Dotheopposite.

B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.

C.Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.

D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.

E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience

F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners

G.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.

【解析】38.Co根據(jù)上文中的“So,don'tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessifsatrulyserious

one.”可知，當(dāng)你犯錯(cuò)時(shí)不要停止演講，除非是非常嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。據(jù)此可以推知，空處承接上文，說(shuō)明犯

小錯(cuò)誤無(wú)需道歉，故C項(xiàng)正確。

五、閱讀理解七選五真題演練

【真題演練01］（2023新課標(biāo)I卷）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選

項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

PersonalForgiveness

Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr（3R錯(cuò)）is

human.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.

Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading"'Personalstrengths37Areyoucaring?Creative?

Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyour

personalitythatyou'reproudof.

Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading"Actsofkindness.9,Onthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou've

doneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironing

withoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.38

Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchange

thoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don't

waituntilyou'vemadeamistaketotrythis——ifsagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.

Ifssomethingofacliche（陳詞濫調(diào)）thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.The

thingis,it'strue.40We'reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelop

andgrow.

A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.

B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.

C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.

D.It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.

E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhafshappenedorforgetit.

F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.

G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.

【答案】36.D37.B38.F39.C40.G

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章鼓勵(lì)人們練習(xí)自我寬恕，并提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的寫(xiě)作練習(xí)來(lái)增強(qiáng)自信。通

過(guò)列出個(gè)人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和善良的行為，人們可以學(xué)會(huì)原諒自己的錯(cuò)誤，并從中成長(zhǎng)。

36.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupabout

them.Toerr（犯錯(cuò)）ishuman.（為錯(cuò)誤承擔(dān)責(zé)任是積極的一步，但不要因此而自責(zé)。人孰能無(wú)過(guò)。）”可知，

作者認(rèn)為人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)，勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任固然重要，但是也不要因此而過(guò)于自責(zé)。結(jié)合空后“Youcanusethe

followingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.（你可以使用下面的寫(xiě)作練習(xí)來(lái)幫助你做到這一點(diǎn)。）”中的“do

this”以及下文內(nèi)容可推斷，空處應(yīng)該內(nèi)容和“不要太自責(zé)”相似。選項(xiàng)justasimportanttoshow

yourselfsomeforgiveness.（寬恕自己也同樣重要。）”與“不要太自責(zé)”語(yǔ)意相近,起承上啟下的作用。故選Do

37.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”（在日記或紙上

寫(xiě)上“個(gè)人優(yōu)點(diǎn)）”以及空后內(nèi)容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?