廣東省大灣區(qū)2023屆高三第一次聯(lián)合模擬考試英語試卷(含答案)

廣東省大灣區(qū)2023屆高三第一次聯(lián)合模擬考試英語試卷學(xué)校：___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________

一、閱讀理解Aninternship(實習(xí))isagreatwaytogainvaluableexperienceinyourchosenfuturecareer.Here,weoffersomefantasticworldwideinternshipswithopportunitiestohelpyougainsomereallyuniqueanddiverseexperience.DentalInternshipinSouthAfricaJoinourdentalelectivetoboostyourdentalworkexperience.You'llworkwithaprofessionaldentistandassistinday-to-daytasksatcheck-upcamps.ComparethedentalcarebetweenyourhomecountryandSouthAfrica.Requirement:Internsshouldbestudyingdentistry(牙科)JournalismInternshipinGhanaSeeallaspectsofGhanaianlifebyreportingonday-to-daylifeandtakingpartinavariedjournalisminternshipinAccra.Workforanewspaper,radioorTVstationandgethands-onexperienceinthemediaindustry.Requirement:GoodEnglishspeakersandgeneralleveloffitnessMedicalInternshipinPalampurIfyouareconsideringacareerinmedicineornursing,thisisthemedicalinternshipforyou.BasedinnorthernIndia,inthefoothillsoftheHimalayas,youwillshadowlocaldoctorsandnursesandlearnlotsabouttheIndianmedicalsystem.Requirement:Internsshouldhaveaninterestin,oralreadybestudying,amedicalrelatedcourseMedicalInternshipinRomaniaTakepartinahighlyratedmedicalinternshiponamobilemedicalunitandwithinachildren'shospital.Workinavarietyofmedicalsettingsandwithamixtureofcases,shadowingdoctorsandnursesandactivelycontributingtothecareofthepatients.Requirement:Minimumrequirementofafirstaidcertificate1、Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aschoolmagazine. B.Anacademicpaper.C.Apublicspeech. D.Atravellog.2、Whichcanofferagreaterchancetofullyexperiencethelocalculture?A.DentalInternshipinSouthAfrica. B.JournalismInternshipinGhana.C.MedicalInternshipinPalampur. D.MedicalInternshipinRomania.3、Whatdothelasttwointernshipshaveincommon?A.TheyarelocatedinnorthernIndia.B.Theyneedchildcareinterns.C.Theyrequireafirstaidcertificate.D.Theyencouragelearningfromoldhands.In2013,Deeganwastryingtotakecontrolofherlifeafterwinningthefightagainstdrinking.Shedidquit,butshewashavingdifficultyreconnectingwithpeople.Evenlookingsomeoneintheeyesprovedtobedifficult."Iwassortoflikeashellofapersonandjustdidn'treallyhavemanylifeskillsorself-confidence,"Deegansaid.However,bakingwassomethingthatalwaysbroughtherjoyasachild.Onedaywhilehelpingoutintheneighborhood,Deeganpickedupahandheldmixerandstartedbaking."Mylifewasjustoutofcontrol,butbakingissuchacontrolledthing,whereifyoutaketherightstepsandfollowthedirections,you'llgetaprettyexactresult,"shesaid.Deeganstartedbringingherhomemadebakedcookiestopeople'shomes,whichhelpedherreconnectwithpeople."Feedingpeopleissuchauniversallovelanguage,"shesaid.However,shewasstilltryingtofigureouthowtofindacareerat27yearsold.Shehadnorealworkexperienceandshecouldn'tput"quitdrinking"onherresume.Deegan'slifeshiftedin2015.Encouragedbyherfriends,shechallengedherselftoseeifshecouldselljustonepie.Shesolddozens!Shebeganbakingoutofhertinyapartmentandeventuallylaunchedanofficialbusinessin2017.Shespentfouryearsdevelopingapiecrustcookierecipe,whichhassincebecomethebreadandbutterofherbusiness."Peoplehavebeenwalking,runningandlininguptogetcookies,andit'sjustbeensomagicalseeingthat,"shesaid.Whensheneedsmorehelp,Deegansaysshelooksforanyonewhoisjustexcitedtowork,eveniftheydon'thaveanyexperience.Afterherownstruggle,sherealizedthatthedesiretoworkwasbetterthanhavingacertainskillset.Andshebecameasecond-chanceemployer,hiringwomenoutofprisonorthesheltersystem."Youjusthavetowalkthroughthedoorandbeready,willingandableandexcitedtoshowupandworkandyou'vegotajob,"Deegantoldthereporter.4、WhatwasDeeganmainlystrugglingwithin2013?A.Emotionmanagement. B.Interpersonalrelationship.C.Work-lifebalance. D.Alcoholaddiction.5、WhatpreparedDeeganforherbakerybusiness?A.Workingpreviouslyinthebakingindustry.B.Seeingpeoplerunningtogetcookies.C.Wantingdesperatelytogaintotalcontrol.D.Offeringbakedfoodoutofgoodwill.6、Accordingtoparagraph4and5,whatisspecialaboutDeeganandherbusiness?A.Sheachievedsuccessthroughbaking.B.Shewasambitiousaboutherbusiness.C.Shehasanopen-dooremploymentpolicy.D.Sheonlyhiredinexperiencedworkers.7、WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDeegan?A.Creativeandsmart. B.Persistentandreceptive.C.Honestandoptimistic. D.Kindandeasy-going.Althoughweallexperiencefailureinourlives,wedon'tallreacttoitinthesameway.Aninterestingresearchhasemphasizedthenotionthattherearesomepeoplewhoembracechallengesanddisappointmentsasopportunitiestore-focustheirthinking.Thesearepeoplewithagrowthmindset.Then,thereareotherpeoplewhoseefailureasacompletefailure.Theybelievethattheyneverhadthetalentanyway,andtheyprobablyneverwill.Thesearepeoplewithafixedmindset.PsychologistDweckhasstudiedthesemindsetsandprovidedevidencethatmostpeopleintentionallyplacethemselvesinoneofthosetwogroups.Thegrouptowhichyouassignyourselffrequentlydetermineshowyoureacttochallenges.Ifyouexperiencefailureandgiveup,youhaveconvenientlyassignedyourselftothefixedgroup.Ifyouexperiencefailureandregarditasasteppingstone,thenyouhaveplacedyourselfintothegrowthgroup.Accordingtotheresearch,peopleinthegrowthgrouptendtogeneratemorecreativeideasthanthoseinthefixedgroup.Toillustrate,considerThomasEdison.Inthe19thcentury,Edisonattemptedtoimprovethelightbulbandexperimentedwithnumerousmaterials.Overathousandtrials,hemanagedtodiscoveranelementsustaininglight.Areporteronceaskedhim,"Itseemsasthoughyou'vetriedmanytimesandcontinuetofaileachtime.Whyisthat?"Edisonanswered,"Ihavenotfailed.I'vejustfound10,000waysthatwon'twork."Instudiesofcreativepeople,psychologistsdiscoveredthatadistinguishingfeatureseparatingthemfromthenon-creativeisthattheymakelotsofmistakesandcontinuetoworkthroughthem.Mostpeopleconsidersuccessandfailureaspolaropposites.Inreality,theyarebothpartsofthesameprocess.8、Whatmightpeoplewithagrowthmindsetagreewith?A.Challengesarewelcomed. B.Mistakescanbeavoided.C.Successisduetogoodluck. D.Onlytalentleadstosuccess.9、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"asteppingstone"inparagraph2referto?A.Aroadtonowhere. B.Achallengeintheway.C.Anoutcometoexpect. D.Achancetoadvance.10、WhydoestheauthormentionThomasEdisoninparagraph3?A.Tomakeaprediction. B.Topresentafact.C.Tosupportaviewpoint. D.Toclarifyaprinciple.11、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Howpeopleinterpretfailureoftendeterminestheircreativeoutput.B.Learningfromsuccessplaysanimportantpartinimprovingcreativity.C.Growthmindsetpeopleseechallengesdifferentlyfromfixedmindsetones.D.Whichgrouppeopleputthemselvesindecideshowtheyreacttochallenges.Researchintosocialrobotshasshownthatmachinesthatareatthecuttingedgeofinteractioncanrespondtofeelingsandemotionallycarefortheweak,theelderlyandchildren.Robinwasdesignedasacompanionrobottoprovideemotionalsupportforchildrenreceivingmedicaltreatment.Robinexplainsmedicalprocedurestothem,playsgamesandtellsstories,andduringtreatmentdistractsthemtoreducetheirsenseofpain.TherobotusesAItounderstandotherpeople'sfeelings,rememberingfacialexpressionsandconversationstobuilddialogueforfollow-upsessions.IntrialsattheWigmoreMedical(UK)PediatricClinicinYerevan,Armenia,theteamfoundthatRobinledtoa34%decreaseinstressandanincreaseinhappinessof26%inthe120childrenwhointeractedwithhimatleastonce.Healthcarerobotscouldallbenefitfromdisplayingemotionalintelligence,bothrecognizingandrespondingtohumanemotions,andtosomeextent,managingthem.Theproblemwiththisisthefearthathumanjobsmaybelostasrobotsbecomebetterathandlingsocialsituations.Populationtrendssuggestthatthedemandforrobotstoworkalongsidepeopleincaresituationswillgrowovertime.By2050,thenumberofpeopleaged65andovergloballywillbe1.6billion(17%),roughlytwicetheproportionofwhatitistoday.Anextra3.5millioncareworkerswillbeneededandthatwillincludeemotionallyintelligentrobots.Today'ssimplesystemsarebeingtrainedtomeetthatdemand.Thisincludesalittlewheeledrobotthatcanguesshowyouarefeelingfromthewayyouwalk,andtherobotfromtheUniversityofLincolnintheUK—whohelpselderlypeopletostayphysicallyandmentallyactive.Theimpactofsocialrobotsonourlivestodatehasbeentiny.Butnewmodelsarebeingintroducedthatcouldmakethebreakthrough.Humanemotionsaredifficulttodefine,butastrustinrobotsincreases,breakingdownthepsychologicalbarrierbecomeseasiertoimagine.12、Whataresocialrobotsuniquelycapableof?A.Liftingheavypackagesupstairsforweakpeople.B.Teachingmentallyillteensemotionalexpressions.C.Cookingdeliciousdishesforthedisabledathome.D.Playingsongsforblindpeopleontheirrequest.13、Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Robin'sfunctiontoreducepain. B.Robin'spopularityinhospitals.C.Robin'spracticalapplication. D.Robin'ssuccessinpassingtests.14、Howisparagraph4developed?A.Byconcludingviewpoints. B.Byanalyzingcauses.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Bygivingdefinition.15、Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhumanjobreplacementbyrobots?A.ItisalreadyhappeningthroughoutUK.B.Humansneedtoworkhardtosecurejobs.C.Robotscanonlymeetbasichumanneeds.D.It'sanunstoppableandbeneficialtrend.二、七選五16、Helpingastrangercanbeeasierthanadvisingsomeonewe'veknownforever.Whenfriendsandfamilyaskforadvice,itismorecomplicated.①_____Togivebetteradvice,trylessfixingandmorelistening.②_____Youshouldstayopenifyoucan.Keepyourhandsfree.Keepyourfaceneutralandtrytoavoidlooksofshockorjudgment.Ifyoulooklikeyou'retenseoryou'redistracted,thepersonmightnotopenuptoyouasmuchasyouwouldwantthemto.Youcan'talwaysgiveadvicerightnow.TextsandFaceTimemightbeimmediate,butyouradvicedoesn'thavetobe.Youcanpolitelyexplaintosomeonethatyouwanttogivethemyourfullattentionwhenyou'reready.③_____Youdon'thavetofixtheproblem.Peoplewhoask"WhatshouldIdo?"oftenwanttoprocessaproblemthemselves.④_____Afriend'sprioritiesmightnotmatchyourown,butthatdoesn'tmeanthey'rewrong.Payattentiontopatterns.Whenyou'veknownsomeoneforyears,you'reawitnesstotheirpatternsandrepeatedmistakes.Insteadofsaying,"Ugh,you'vesaidthis15,000times,"youcanaskquestions."Whatdoyouthinkthatmeans?"or"⑤_____"canbeagoodonewhenyou'retryingtogetsomeonetoconsidertheirowncycle.A.Bodylanguagematters.B.Listentothemcarefully.C.What'swrongwithyou?D.Whathasworkedforyoubefore?E.Otherwise,youcandomoreharmthangood.F.Ifwedon'tgetitright,wecouldhurtsomeonewelove.G.You'regivinggoodadviceifyoucanhelpthemgetthereontheirown.三、完形填空（15空）MybrotherandIweredrivinghometogetherandweweredeepinconversation.Becauseofhis1,mybrothertookawrongturn,takingustowardsa2andwehadnowaytoturnback.3,mybrotherpaidthebridgefeeanddroveon.Hewasclearlyfrustratedbythemistakeandthe4wasteof$4.Weeventuallyreachedanexitslipwayand,aswetookit,mybrother5abeat-upblackcarparkedbythesideoftheroad.Ayoungguywasstandingnearby6someone.Iwasbusytryingtofigureoutwhich7wewentnextbutmybrother8andaskedtheguyifheneededanyhelp.Andhedid.Hehada(n)9tireandneededatooltogetitoff.Mybrothergaveittohim,thenproceededtohelphim10thetire.Afterwehadfinishedthejobhethankedusagainandagain,pulledout$20andtriedtogiveittous."No,"mybrothersaid."Wewerenever11toevengetonthatbridge.Wetooka12turn.Butnowweknowwhywedid.Itwastohelpyou.Thankyouforturningourmistakeintoa(n)13toserve."WhatIlovedmostwaswatchingmybrotherthroughoutthis14.Hewasabletoseeachancetohelpeveninanotherwise15situation,whichcanonlycomefromacalmmindandanopenheart.17、A.happiness B.carelessness C.selfishness D.weakness18、A.bridge B.corner C.track D.house19、A.Nervously B.Immediately C.Unwillingly D.Unfortunately20、A.unusual B.hateful C.hopeless D.needless21、A.repaired B.noticed C.struck D.helped22、A.phoning B.reminding C.greeting D.recalling23、A.restaurant B.gasstation C.hotel D.way24、A.pulledtogether B.pulledawayC.pulledover D.pulledthrough25、A.flat B.empty C.old D.dirty26、A.clean B.change C.fill D.choose27、A.supposed B.forced C.allowed D.required28、A.different B.opposite C.wrong D.distant29、A.wish B.ability C.belief D.opportunity30、A.progress B.arrangement C.process D.mistake31、A.dangerous B.destructive C.expensive D.negative四、語法填空32、Theapproachingofanewyearisalwaysexciting.TheLittleNewYear,①_____isalsocalledtheMinorNewYear'sDay,usuallyfallsroughlyaweekbefore②_____LunarNewYear.In2023,itwillfallonJan.14thand15th.TheChineseLittleNewYearisnota③_____(fix)festivalasitvarieswithlocal④_____(custom).WorshipingKitchenGodisthemostimportantactivityin⑤_____(celebrate)oftheChineseLittleNewYear.Accordingtothefolklore,theKitchenGodwouldreport⑥_____theJadeEmperoronthegoodandevildeedsofeveryfamilyonthe23rdofthe12thlunarmonthfortheEmperortorewardorpunish.While⑦_(dá)____(offer)sacrificetotheKitchenGod,peopleplacecandy,water,beansandhayonthetableinfrontoftheKitchenGodimage.Otheractivitiesduringthefestival⑧_____(main)includesweepingdustandmakingChinesepapercutsforwindowdecoration.ChineseLittleNewYearalsomeansthatChinesepeoplebegintopreparespecialpurchasesfortheSpringFestivalandareready⑨_____(spend)acleanSpringFestival.Aboveall,itsuggestsanewyearwithanewimageand⑩_____(express)thegoodwishesofChinesepeopletoringouttheOldYearandringintheNewYear.五、書面表達(dá)33、你校和外國一所高中為姊妹學(xué)校。該校想了解你校成功開展優(yōu)秀社團活動的情況。請寫一篇推薦短文,內(nèi)容如下:1.你推薦社團活動的內(nèi)容及原因;2.對于姊妹學(xué)校開展該社團活動的建議。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.短文題目已為你寫好。3.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。ClubActivityRecommendation________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、讀后續(xù)寫34、閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ihadbeenactinginschoolforafewyears.WhenIgotaroughroleinaplay,I,onlyajuniorinmyhighschool,wasexcitedthatmyinspiringdramateacheranddirectorhadtrustedmewiththepart.WehadlittletimetoprepareandIwouldneverforgetreadingthelinesforthefirsttime.Atfirstthedialoguewaslively,butthenitbecamequitelongandboring.Tomysurprise,mycharacterhadonedisrespectfullinethatcomplainedabouthisbadluck.Ihadneversaidsomethinglikethatonstagebefore.UncomfortableasIfeltaboutit,Ihadneverthoughtofmakingmyselfheardtomakeachange.Iwasweak,wentsilent,andacceptedthelineasitwas.Atourfirstrehearsal(彩排),Iwhisperedthelineandhopedwithsomanydistractionsonstagethatthedirectorwouldn'tnotice.Luckily,shedidn't.Overthreewildweeksofrehearsals,IconvincedmyselfthatIcouldkeepfakingit.Then,whenthecurtainfinallyrosewithanaudience,maybeIwouldfeelfineaboutsayingthelinejustonceasloudlyasIcould.Onthenightoftheopendressrehearsal,Iwasnervoustoseeanoldcouple,theEhlers,seatedinthehall.TheywereclosefriendsofourfamilyandIhadnoideatheywouldbethere.Whenthebigmomentarrived,withnervousnessracingthroughmybody,Iwentforit.Irememberthemomentquiteclearly.WhereIstood.Howitsounded.HowIfelt.Aftertheshow,theEhlersmetmewithcheers,awarmhug,andsomebriefdialogueoftheirown.Whiletalkingwiththem,Iwasoverwhelmedbymixedfeelingsofregretandshame.注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。"Jason,thatwasquitesomelanguage.Yousurprisedus,"Mrs.Ehlerslookedatme._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Isaidgoodbyetothecoupleandwaitedinthedramaroomuntilourdirectorappeared._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案1、答案：A解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段“Aninternship(實習(xí))isagreatwaytogainvaluableexperienceinyourchosenfuturecareer.Here,weoffersomefantasticworldwideinternshipswithopportunitiestohelpyougainsomereallyuniqueanddiverseexperience.(實習(xí)是在你選擇的未來職業(yè)中獲得寶貴經(jīng)驗的好方法。在這里,我們提供了一些很棒的全球?qū)嵙?xí)機會,幫助你獲得一些真正獨特和多樣化的經(jīng)驗。)”可知,本文主要介紹世界各地的一些實習(xí)機會及其相關(guān)要求,根據(jù)DentalInternshipinSouthAfrica的“Requirement:Internsshouldbestudyingdentistry(牙科)(要求:實習(xí)生必須學(xué)習(xí)牙科專業(yè))”,MedicalInternshipinPalampur的“Requirement:Internsshouldhaveaninterestin,oralreadybestudying,amedicalrelatedcourse(要求:實習(xí)生必須對醫(yī)學(xué)相關(guān)課程感興趣或已經(jīng)在學(xué)習(xí))”文章的目標(biāo)受眾為正在學(xué)習(xí)某些課程的人,可推斷應(yīng)面向?qū)W生,故最有可能出現(xiàn)在學(xué)校的雜志中。故選A項。2、答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由JournalismInternshipinGhana中“SeeallaspectsofGhanaianlifebyreportingonday-to-daylifeandtakingpartinavariedJournalisminternshipinAccra.(通過報道日常生活和在阿克拉參加各種新聞實習(xí),了解加納生活的各個方面。)”可知,JournalismInternshipinGhana的這個實習(xí)項目可以看到加納人日常生活的方方面面,故選B項。3、答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MedicalInternshipinPalampur的“BasedinnorthernIndia,inthefoothillsoftheHimalayas,youwillshadowlocaldoctorsandnursesandlearnlotsabouttheIndianmedicalsystem.(基地位于印度北部的喜馬拉雅山麓,你將跟隨當(dāng)?shù)氐尼t(yī)生和護(hù)士,了解很多關(guān)于印度醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的知識。)”,以及MedicalInternshipinRomania的“Workinavarietyofmedicalsettingsandwithamixtureofcases,shadowingdoctorsandnursesandactivelycontributingtothecareofthepatients.(在各種醫(yī)療環(huán)境和混合病例中工作,跟隨醫(yī)生和護(hù)士,積極為患者的護(hù)理做出貢獻(xiàn)。)”可知,兩份實習(xí)中均出現(xiàn)shadowlocaldoctorsandnurses的表述,shadow作及物動詞時,意為“跟隨……實地學(xué)習(xí)或參觀”,故他們的共同之處在于都鼓勵向前輩學(xué)習(xí)。故選D項。4、答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段In2013,Deeganwastryingtotakecontrolofherlifeafterwinningthefightagainstdrinking.Shedidquit,butshewashavingdifficultyreconnectingwithpeople.Evenlookingsomeoneintheeyesprovedtobedifficult."Iwassortoflikeashellofapersonandjustdidn'treallyhavemanylifeskillsorself-confidence,"Deegansaid.(2013年,迪根在與酗酒的斗爭中獲勝后,試圖控制自己的生活。她確實戒酒了,但她很難與人重新建立聯(lián)系。事實證明,與他人對視都很困難。迪根說:"我有點像一副軀殼,真的沒有很多生活技能或自信。")可知,2013年時候的Deegan很難與人重新建立聯(lián)系,甚至都害怕與他人對視,可知,Deegan在人際交往方面很吃力。故選B項。5、答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Deeganstartedbringingherhomemadebakedcookiestopeople'shomes,whichhelpedherreconnectwithpeople.'Feedingpeopleissuchauniversallovelanguage,'shesaid.(迪根開始把她自制的餅干帶到人們的家里,這幫助她與人們重新建立聯(lián)系。她說:"喂飽人們是一種普世的愛的語言。")"可知,Deegan認(rèn)為給人送食物能表達(dá)愛,所以她經(jīng)常給別人送上自己做的餅干;第四段"Deegan'slifeshiftedin2015.Encouragedbyherfriends,shechallengedherselftoseeifshecouldselljustonepie.Shesolddozens!Shebeganbakingoutofhertinyapartmentandeventuallylaunchedanofficialbusinessin2017.(迪根的生活在2015年發(fā)生了改變。在朋友們的鼓勵下,她挑戰(zhàn)自己,看能不能賣掉一個派。她賣了幾十個!她開始在自己的小公寓里烘焙,并最終在2017年推出了正式業(yè)務(wù)。)"可知,也正是這種出于好意的為他人提供烘焙食品的行為,為后來Deegan烘焙店生意奠定了基礎(chǔ),故選D項。6、答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"In2013,Deeganwastryingtotakecontrolofherlifeafterwinningthefightagainstdrinking.Shedidquit,butshewashavingdifficultyreconnectingwithpeople.(2013年,迪根在與酗酒的斗爭中獲勝后,試圖控制自己的生活。她確實戒了酒,但她很難與人重新建立聯(lián)系)"可知,迪根以前是一個嗜酒之人,但已戒了;最后一段中"Whensheneedsmorehelp,Deegansaysshelooksforanyonewhoisjustexcitedtowork,eveniftheydon'thaveanyexperience.Afterherownstruggle,sherealizedthatthedesiretoworkwasbetterthanhavingacertainskillset.Andshebecameasecond-chanceemployer,hiringwomenoutofprisonorthesheltersystem.'Youjusthavetowalkthroughthedoorandbeready,willingandableandexcitedtoshowupandworkandyou'vegotajob,'Deegantoldthereporter.(迪根說,當(dāng)她需要更多幫助時,她會找那些對工作充滿熱情的人,即使他們沒有任何經(jīng)驗。在經(jīng)歷了自己的掙扎之后,她意識到工作的愿望比擁有某種技能更好。她成為了第二次機會的雇主,雇傭監(jiān)獄或收容所的女性。迪根告訴記者:"你只需要走進(jìn)那扇門,做好準(zhǔn)備,愿意、能夠、興奮地出現(xiàn)并工作,你就得到了一份工作。")"可知,有酗酒史的Deegan的面包店不關(guān)注應(yīng)聘者是否有相關(guān)工作經(jīng)歷或者不光彩的過去,故有著特別開放的用人政策(open-dooremploymentpolicy),這是特別之處。故選C項。7、答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中"Shespentfouryearsdevelopingapiecrustcookierecipe,whichhassincebecomethebreadandbutterofherbusiness.(她花了四年時間開發(fā)了一種派皮餅干食譜,從此成為她生意的面包和黃油。)"可知,迪根很執(zhí)著(Persistent),花4年時間研發(fā)一個食譜;第五段中"Whensheneedsmorehelp,Deegansaysshelooksforanyonewhoisjustexcitedtowork,eveniftheydon'thaveanyexperience.Andshebecameasecond-chanceemployer,hiringwomenoutofprisonorthesheltersystem.(迪根說,當(dāng)她需要更多幫助時,她會找那些對工作充滿熱情的人,即使他們沒有任何經(jīng)驗。在經(jīng)歷了自己的掙扎之后,她意識到工作的愿望比擁有某種技能更好。她成為了第二次機會的雇主,雇傭監(jiān)獄或收容所的女性。)"可知,迪根善于接受(receptive)那些有缺點或能改過自新的人當(dāng)員工。故選B項。8、答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段|fyouexperiencefailureandregarditasasteppingstone,thenyouhaveplacedyourselfintothegrowthgroup.(如果你經(jīng)歷過失敗,并將其視為一次提升自己的機會,那么你已經(jīng)將自己置于成長型群體中。)以及第三段Accordingtotheresearch,peopleinthegrowthgrouptendtogeneratemorecreativeideasthanthoseinthefixedgroup.(根據(jù)研究,成長組的人往往比固定組的人產(chǎn)生更多的創(chuàng)造性想法。)可知,對于成長性思維的人來說,失敗只是一個墊腳石,從失敗中他們能生成更多創(chuàng)新的點子,所以具有成長型思維的人愿意接受挑戰(zhàn),故選A。9、答案：D解析：詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段Ifyouexperiencefailureandgiveup,youhaveconvenientlyassignedyourselftothefixedgroup.Ifyouexperiencefailureandregarditasasteppingstone,thenyouhaveplacedyourselfintothegrowthgroup.(如果你經(jīng)歷了失敗,放棄了,你就很方便地把自己分配到固定的群體。如果你經(jīng)歷過失敗,并將其視為asteppingstone,那么你已經(jīng)將自己置于成長型群體中。)可知,固定型思維的人遇到失敗就放棄,而與之相對的是,成長型思維的人把失敗當(dāng)作有幫助的,可以促進(jìn)發(fā)展?？芍?劃線短語asteppingstone意為"一次提高的機會"。A.Aroadtonowhere一條不知通往何處的路;B.Achallengeintheway一個路上的挑戰(zhàn);C.Anoutcometoexpect一種預(yù)期的結(jié)果;D.Achancetoadvance一個提高的機會。故選D。10、答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Accordingtotheresearch,peopleinthegrowthgrouptendtogeneratemorecreativeideasthanthoseinthefixedgroup.(根據(jù)研究,具有成長型思維的人往往比固定型思維組的人產(chǎn)生更多的創(chuàng)造性想法。)可知,這句話為段首核心觀點。Toillustrate,considerThomasEdison.Inthe19thcentury,Edisonattemptedtoimprovethelightbulbandexperimentedwithnumerousmaterials.Overathousandtrials,hemanagedtodiscoveranelementsustaininglight.Areporteronceaskedhim,"Itseemsasthoughyou'vetriedmanytimesandcontinuetofaileachtime.Whyisthat?"Edisonanswered,Ihavenotfailed.I'vejustfound10,000waysthatwon'twork."(舉個例子,比如托馬斯·愛迪生。19世紀(jì),愛迪生試圖改進(jìn)燈泡,并嘗試了多種材料。經(jīng)過一千多次試驗,他成功地發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種維持光的元素。一位記者曾問他,"你似乎嘗試了很多次,但每次都失敗了。為什么?"愛迪生回答說,"沒有失敗。我剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)一萬種方法都行不通。")可知,此處為典型舉例表述,結(jié)合其內(nèi)容可知,作者提到愛迪生是以其為例來支撐本段首句提出的觀點。故選C。11、答案：A解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文,本文第一、二段主要介紹了具有成長型思維的人和具有固定型思維的人對待失敗的截然不同的態(tài)度和反應(yīng);第三、四段論證了具有成長型思維的人,善于用發(fā)展的眼光看待失敗,相比輕言放棄的固定型思維的人,更具有創(chuàng)造力。可知,A.Howpeopleinterpretfailureoftendeterminestheircreativeoutput.(對失敗的理解、態(tài)度會決定會影響到他們的創(chuàng)造性產(chǎn)出。)符合文意,故選A。12、答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Researchintosocialrobotshasshownthatmachinesthatareatthecuttingedgeofinteractioncanrespondtofeelingsandemotionallycarefortheweak,theelderlyandchildren.(對社交機器人的研究表明,處于互動前沿的機器可以對情緒做出反應(yīng),并在情感上照顧弱者、老人和兒童。)”可知,社交機器人可以對情緒(feelings)作出回應(yīng)并在情感上(emotionally)關(guān)愛弱者、老年人和小孩,這是它的不同之處,與題目中的uniquely相呼應(yīng),故B項“教患有精神疾病的青少年情緒表達(dá)”與文章內(nèi)容相符,其余選項均非情感上的幫助。故選B項。13、答案：C解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Robinwasdesignedasacompanionrobottoprovideemotionalsupportforchildrenreceivingmedicaltreatment.Robinexplainsmedicalprocedurestothem,playsgamesandtellsstories,andduringtreatmentdistractsthemtoreducetheirsenseofpain.TherobotusesAItounderstandotherpeople'sfeelings,rememberingfacialexpressionsandconversationstobuilddialogueforfollow-upsessions.IntrialsattheWigmoreMedical(UK)PediatricClinicinYerevan,Armenia,theteamfoundthatRobinledtoa34%decreaseinstressandanincreaseinhappinessof26%inthe120childrenwhointeractedwithhimatleastonce.(羅賓被設(shè)計成一個陪伴機器人,為接受治療的兒童提供情感支持。羅賓向他們解釋醫(yī)療程序,玩游戲,講故事,并在治療期間分散他們的注意力,以減輕他們的痛感。該機器人使用人工智能來理解他人的感受,記住面部表情和對話,為后續(xù)會話建立對話。在亞美尼亞埃里溫威格莫爾醫(yī)學(xué)(英國)兒科診所的試驗中,研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn),在120名使用羅賓機器人的兒童中,他們的壓力減少了34%,幸福感增加了26%)”可知,本段介紹了Robin這款為接受治療的孩子提供情感支持而設(shè)計的機器人的實際用途及其帶來的積極影響。故選C項。14、答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Populationtrendssuggestthatthedemandforrobotstoworkalongsidepeopleincaresituationswillgrowovertime.By2050,thenumberofpeopleaged65andovergloballywillbe1.6billion(17%),roughlytwicetheproportionofwhatitistoday.Anextra3.5millioncareworkerswillbeneededandthatwillincludeemotionallyintelligentrobots.(人口趨勢表明,隨著時間的推移,對機器人與護(hù)理人員一起工作的需求將會增長。到2050年,全球65歲及以上的人口數(shù)量將達(dá)到16億,占17%,大約是目前比例的兩倍。英國還需要350萬名護(hù)工,其中包括具有情感智能的機器人。)”可知,本段的中心句為第一句:人口趨勢表明機器人與護(hù)理人員一起工作的需求將會逐步增長。接著,進(jìn)一步闡述了原因:是未來老齡化人口的增長將導(dǎo)致護(hù)理人員需求的增加,其中也包括具有情感智能的機器人。因此,第四段是通過分析原因(analyzecauses)展開的。故選B項。15、答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Researchintosocialrobotshasshownthatmachinesthatareatthecuttingedgeofinteractioncanrespondtofeelingsandemotionallycarefortheweak,theelderlyandchildren.(對社交機器人的研究表明,處于互動前沿的機器可以對情緒做出反應(yīng),并在情感上照顧弱者、老人和兒童。)”,第三段“Theproblemwiththisisthefearthathumanjobsmaybelostasrobotsbecomebetterathandlingsocialsituations.(問題在于,隨著機器人變得更擅長處理社交場合,人們擔(dān)心人類的工作可能會失去。)”,第四段“Populationtrendssuggestthatthedemandforrobotstoworkalongsidepeopleincaresituationswillgrowovertime.(人口趨勢表明,隨著時間的推移,對機器人與護(hù)理人員一起工作的需求將會增長。)”可知,機器人在護(hù)理工作中會越來越多,呈增長趨勢;以及最后一段“Butnewmodelsarebeingintroducedthatcouldmakethebreakthrough.Humanemotionsaredifficulttodefine,butastrustinrobotsincreases,breakingdownthepsychologicalbarrierbecomeseasiertoimagine.(但可能會取得突破的新型號正在推出。人類的情感很難定義,但隨著對機器人信任的增加,打破心理障礙變得更容易想象。)”可知,關(guān)于機器人取代人類來工作,因為能取得突破的社交機器人新型號的推出,以及人們對機器人的信任的增加,打破心理障礙也變得更有可能,作者對于社交機器人取代護(hù)理人員這一前景抱有期待,認(rèn)為“機器人取代人類來做護(hù)理工作”有益且不可阻擋。故選D項。16、答案：FAEGD17、答案：B解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:由于他的粗心大意