中考英語《短文填空技巧解析》課件

一、填空的特點是什么？完形填空是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語法和詞匯知識綜合運用能力的典型題，難易程度與初中教材相當(dāng)，詞數(shù)在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25個詞左右設(shè)空。學(xué)生通過推理判斷，綜合分析等將答案填入空白處，使短文前后連貫、意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理。第二頁第二頁，共32頁。1.跳過空格，通讀短文，了解大意。2.

復(fù)讀短文，確定語義，判斷詞形。A.)

利用上下文的語境，結(jié)合所學(xué)過的知識，先確定空格處所需詞語的意義.B.)再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑瑥亩_定所填詞的詞性，再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則，判斷所填的詞的正確形式。3.通讀短文，檢查答案。英語短文填空解題技巧：第三頁第三頁，共32頁。二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？（一）從文章結(jié)構(gòu)看首句通常不設(shè)空，以便考生對短文前提和背景有個較清楚的了解，從而使考生盡快熟悉語境、推測文章大意。2.短文設(shè)空平均密度為25個單詞一個空。中考完形填空拋棄了傳統(tǒng)的“語法知識型”命題模式，轉(zhuǎn)變成“情境能力型”的命題趨勢。它的一個顯著特點就是突出語篇，即重在文意的干擾，把具體的語言知識融進具體的語言情境中去，考查學(xué)生通過上下文對整體文意進行把握的能力。第四頁第四頁，共32頁。二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？（二）從語言層次看考點設(shè)計對把握語段的要求在提高。我們可以把考點分為三個層次，即句子層次、句群層次和語篇層次句子層次的設(shè)空例：(2007年中考英語試卷完形填空四選一保留原題號)I90youwereverybusythenhelpingyourfriendgetreadyforherwedding—Iamsureitwasasuccess.A.remember B.explain C.hopeD.expect答案：A指那些只需讀懂設(shè)空所在句便可選出答案的題目。第五頁第五頁，共32頁。二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？2.句群層次的設(shè)空 前制性設(shè)空后制性設(shè)空指根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，經(jīng)過推理判斷可以得到答案的題目即根據(jù)上文有關(guān)內(nèi)容即可確定答案的題目。指那些需要根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容才能選出正確答案的題目/下文某處有提示。第六頁第六頁，共32頁。二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？前制性設(shè)空例：ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadto____infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!

后制性設(shè)空例：1).Nobody____himinthevillage.Onedayhesaidtothem,“Iknowyoudon’tlikeme…”2).Countrymusiccomesfrom____kindsofmusic.OneisthetraditionalmusicoftallmountainpeopleintheeasternUnitedStates.TheotheristraditionalcowboymusicfromtheAmericanWest.speaklikedtwo第七頁第七頁，共32頁。二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？3.語篇性設(shè)空IworkasavolunteerforanorganizationthathelpsthepoorinHaiti.RecentlyItookmysonBarrettthereforaweek,hopingto1

him…achievedallI’dexpected.Soonhewillcelebratehis18thbirthday.Hewillbeaman.(最后一句話)(

)1.A.comfort

B.please

C.attract

D.educateD指那些需要聯(lián)系全文的情境、內(nèi)容才能確定正確答案的設(shè)空。第八頁第八頁，共32頁?？疾榉较?

正確理解和書寫英語單詞命題形式:

短文中10個空需要填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~.(wu首字母或中文提示)所占比例:10空15分特別提醒：所有的單詞都必須根據(jù)上下文來確定。必須注意詞形的變化，包括名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動詞的時態(tài)、形容詞和副詞的比較級（最高級）等。中考英語新題型—短文填空第九頁第九頁，共32頁。詞形的變換冠詞：a/an/the基數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞：1,2,3…（基）;第X(序)名詞：單復(fù)數(shù)形式,所有格的用法動詞：時態(tài)語態(tài)（主被動）的變化形容詞、副詞：比較等級的用法代詞：單復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞反身代詞指示代詞關(guān)系代詞不定代詞等的用法連詞：并列與從屬連詞的用法……第十頁第十頁，共32頁。詞形的變換名詞：單復(fù)數(shù)形式,所有格的用法GZisoneofthemostbeautiful_________.(城市)Imetafriendof___________（她的）.Allthe____________(綿羊)liketoeatgrass.citiesherssheep第十一頁第十一頁，共32頁。詞形的變換動詞：時態(tài)語態(tài)（主被動）的變化Everyoneinourclass_________(喜歡)watchingcartoons.I’llspendasmuchtimeasIcan__________(讀)thesestories.Yesterdaywe_________________(prevent)fromgettingtoschoolbytheheavyrain.likesreadingwereprevented語態(tài)主動：v/be/情態(tài)動詞被動：be+p.p.第十二頁第十二頁，共32頁。詞形的變換形容詞副詞：比較等級的用法Hecan__________(容易)swimacrosstheriver.Becauseofthis,yournameis________lovedbyyourparentsthanyou.easilymore第十三頁第十三頁，共32頁。詞形的變換代詞：單復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞反身代詞指示代詞關(guān)系代詞不定代詞等的用法Youcanthrow______,kickitorhitit.Takingtoomanyselfies(自拍)seemstoencourage(鼓勵)peopletoonlythinkof_______________.Theyareverygoodfriendsandtheyalmostdo______________together.itthemselveseverything第十四頁第十四頁，共32頁?！约旱谑屙摰谑屙摚?2頁。指示代詞it它/這/不譯this(這個),these(這些)指在時間或空間上較近的人或者事物that(那個),those(那些)指在時間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或者事物第十六頁第十六頁，共32頁。第十七頁第十七頁，共32頁。不定代詞第十八頁第十八頁，共32頁。連詞第十九頁第十九頁，共32頁。第二十頁第二十頁，共32頁。1September10thisT____________Day.2.Thef

______dayoftheweekisSunday.3.Agoodb_______makesagoodending.4.Whenyoulaugh,youwillo____yourmouthandyourteeth.irstpeneginning5.LastSunday，weplayedh______inthepark,thoughwewereverytired.eachers’appily6.Hewasverya

＿＿

withthemanupstairsandbegantoshout，“Stopsinging！”ngry第二十一頁第二十一頁，共32頁。10.Inautumnafterastrongwind,thegroundisoftencoveredwithfallenl_______．eaves7.ThisbookbelongstoMary.Itish_____.9.Foryears,weplayedotherpeople’ssongs,b_____nowweplaymostlyourownsongs.ersut8.MrsGreensaidtothetwins,“Helpy___________tosomefishplease.”ourselves第二十二頁第二十二頁，共32頁。1.September10thisTeachers’Day.2.Inautumnafterastrongwind,thegroundisoftencoveredwithfallenleaves.首先考慮名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)，然后注意名詞所有格。3.Wecouldnotrunfasterthancheetahs,sowe_______(發(fā)明)carsandnowwecanmovethefastest考慮動詞的時態(tài)。語態(tài)變化。4.Whenyoulaugh,youwillo___yourmouthandyourteeth.inventedpenappily6.Summeristhehottest

seasonoftheyear.

注意形容詞、副詞的比較等級的變化。5.LastSunday，weplayedh______inthepark,thoughwewereverytired.第二十三頁第二十三頁，共32頁。8.MrsGreensaidtothetwins.“Helpyourselves

tosomefishplease.”此處考代詞用法。7.Helpyourselftosomefish，Jim.

9.ThisbookbelongstoMary.Itishers.10.Foryears,weplayedotherpeople’ssongs,butnowweplaymostlyourownsongs.11.Shedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday，becauseshewasill.此處考連詞第二十四頁第二十四頁，共32頁。

Throughsomeefforts,rescuerscleaneduptheruins_______（仔細(xì)）whichcoveredthemum.Underherbody_____(躺)herbaby.Thebabywasinasmallredquiltwithyellowflowers.Hewasabout3or4m＿＿＿old.B＿＿＿thebabywaswell＿＿＿＿＿(保護)byhismother’sbody,hewasverysafe.Hewassleepingwellwhentherescuercarriedhimout,andhislovelyandp＿＿＿＿＿facewarmedeveryonearoundhim.Therescuerfoundtherewasamobilep______inthequilt.Whenhelookedatthescreen,amessagewasalreadythere.“Mydearbaby,ifyoucouldl＿＿＿＿,don’tforgethowm＿＿＿＿Iloveyou.”Everyonew______sawthismessageburstintotears.rescuers(救援人員)ruins廢墟

carefullylayonths

protectedecauseeaceful

iveuchhohoneFillineachblankwiththerightform直擊中考第二十五頁第二十五頁，共32頁。

Throughsomeefforts,rescuerscleaneduptheruins_______（仔細(xì)）whichcoveredthemum.Underherbody_____(躺)herbaby.Thebabywasinasmallredquiltwithyellowflowers.Hewasabout3or4m＿＿＿old.B＿＿＿thebabywaswell＿＿＿＿＿(保護)byhismother’sbody,hewasverysafe.Hewassleepingwellwhentherescuercarriedhimout,andhislovelyandp＿＿＿＿＿facewarmedeveryonearoundhim.Therescuerfoundtherewasamobilep______inthequilt.Whenhelookedatthescreen,amessagewasalreadythere.“Mydearbaby,ifyoucouldl＿＿＿＿,don’tforgethowm＿＿＿＿Iloveyou.”Everyonew______sawthismessageburstintotears.carefullylayonths

protectedecauseeaceful

iveuchhohone根據(jù)上下語境,判斷詞義:Hewassleepingwell確定詞義后,判斷詞形cleaneduprescuers(救援人員)ruins廢墟

第二十六頁第二十六頁，共32頁。TheideaofFather’sDaycamefromanA________ladycalledDoddin1909.Shewanteda_______（特別的）daytohonourherfather.He

(撫養(yǎng))sixchildrenby

h

afterhiswifediedduringthebirthoftheirs_______child.Doddthoughtthereneededtobeadaytohonourgreatandlovingdads.HerfatherwasbornonJune19.soshechosetoholdthefirstFather’sDaycelebrationonhisb

in1910.In1924,USpresidentlikedtheideaofanationalFather’sDay.Finally,in1966,thethirdSundayinJunewasn________Father’sDay.Therearemanyw

toshowyourloveandthanks.mericanixthsixUSpresidentraisedimselfirthdayspecialamedaysStep1

Thepassageisabout.Step2ThemeaningofeachblankStep3Therightformofeachword

Step4ReadthepassageagaintochecktheanswersExerciseHonour紀(jì)念第二十七頁第二十七頁，共32頁。Dearfriends,

I’msorrytohearthatanearthquakehappenedtoyourhometown.Theearthquake_________(毀壞)yourhometown.Lotsofh________felldownandsomeofyoucan’tseeyourfamiliesanylonger.

Pleasedon’tfeels______.YoushouldbelieveintheParty,thegovernmentandthepeopleinthecountry.Youshouldbefullofwishesb_________theParty,thegovernmentandthepeoplearewithyouallthetimeandtheytakecareofyou.Theytrytheirb______tosolveyourtroubles.Theygiveawaytheirmoneyandmanyt________toyouandthey_______(捐獻)bloodforyou.

Soyoushouldtakecareofy____________.Inthefuture,youshoulddosomethingu__________forourcountryto__________(回報)fortheirloves.

Yours,

XXX

destroyedouses

adecauseestourselvesanswerdonatesefulhings中考實戰(zhàn)演練（一）第二十八頁第二十八頁，共32頁。Allaroundtheworld,peopledrinktea.Butteadoesnot_______(意味著)(1)thesamethingtoe_______(2).Indifferentcountriespeoplehaveverydifferenti________(3)aboutdrinkingtea.InChinapeoplealwayshavetea_________(一起）(4)withtheirfriends.Theymaydrinkteaatanytimeoftheday.Theyonlyputtealeavesintheircups.Theyl________(5)theteawithnothing__________（其他的）(6)init.Teaisalsoi________(7)inJapan.Itisveryp________(8)there.Peopledrinkteaeveryday.ButtheyhaveitinawaydifferentfromthatinChina.IntheUSApeopledrinkteaatbreakfastorafterm________(9).Theyusuallyuseteabagstomaketheirtea.Makingteawithbagsisfasterande________(10)thanmakingitwithtealeavesinteapots.meanveryonedeastogetherikeelsemportantealsopularasier中考實戰(zhàn)演練（二）第二十九頁第二十九頁，共32頁。2.26-meter-tallYaoMingmadehisNBAdebut(初次登臺)onOctober23,2002andgot6

pointsfortheHoustonRocketsinthegame.Thenextday,hegot13pointsina__________①

game.

MostpeoplethinkthatYaoMingisabornbasketballplayer.ButYaosaid,“WhenyouwatchitonTV,itlooksveryeasy.ButwhenyouareplayingintheNBA,itisr_______②

notsoeasy.”HesaidthatjoiningtheHoustonRocketswasanew_____（開端）③

andanewchallenge.“Ihopethatthroughveryh_____④workIcanmakeeveryonehappyandhelptheRocketsw___⑤moregames,”hesaid.

YaoMingspeakssomeEnglish.B____⑥

heandhisteammatescanu_________⑦eachother.Theydon‘tthinkthereisalanguageproblem.WhileYaoMingfacesthisnewchallenge,thepeopleofHoustonhaveshowngreati________⑧inhim，andtheyhopeYanMingwillbringnew____________⑨(活力)totheRockets.TheteamhasstartedhavinglessonstolearnmoreaboutChina,andmanypeoplewhoworkfortheRocketshavelearnedtospeaksomeC___________⑩.

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Homework第三十頁第三十頁，共32頁。Thankyou!Goodbye!第三十一頁第三十一頁，共32頁。Wesometimescallthelion“thekingofthejungle”becauseitisstrongerandmoredangerousth