2022版高中北師大版英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：必修3Unit7TheSea

必修3

Unit7TheSea

主題：人與自我子話題：自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)對(duì)應(yīng)教材：必

修3Unit7TheSea;選修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection

------------Stepl誦讀脛典?滲盍文化意謂小一

I.細(xì)品味經(jīng)典文章

（2020?全國(guó)n卷閱讀理解C）

Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyforthe

environmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn'tcrossyour

mind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion（時(shí)裝）enthusiastsaretryingto

bringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria（海貍鼠）.

UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcased

nutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles."Itsoundscrazytotalk

aboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroying

vastwetlandseveryyear,〃saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorof

RighteousFur.

ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopay

hunters$5atail.Someofthefurendsupinthefashionshowslikethe

oneinBrooklynlastmonth.

NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgo

intothewild."Theecosystemdowntherecan'thandlethisnon-native

species（物種）.It'sdestroyingtheenvironment.Itsthemorus,〃says

MichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.

Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarket

fornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlike

crazy.

BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramfor

Louisiana.Hesaysitsnoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafuris

green,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,

000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton'sjobthesedaysistryingto

promotefur.

Thenthere'sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions.ModelPaige

Morgansays,“Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwear

withoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthat'sgoingtobea

massivething,atleasthereinNewYork."DesignerJenniferAnderson

admitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutria

furforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She'stryingtocomeupwith

alabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.

II.按要求完成任務(wù)

1.寫出文章中與科學(xué)和環(huán)境相關(guān)的單詞和短語。

environmentalist,ecologists,scientists,ecosvstem,environment,

biologist,eco?friendlv

2.你認(rèn)為環(huán)境遭到破壞的原因有哪些？

Therearesomefactorsthatcauseenvironmentaldamage,suchas

speciesinvasion,deforestation,theincreaseofprivatecars,andso

on.

zStep2固本強(qiáng)基?被造語言能力///=

I.重點(diǎn)詞匯

1.arrangevi.&vt.安排，準(zhǔn)備

.【典型例句】

Eventodayatformalbanquetspeoplearearrangedinacertainorder,

butindifferentareas,therearedifferentrulesconcerningseatorder.

即使是現(xiàn)在，(日常生活中)正規(guī)的宴會(huì)，人們對(duì)座次仍然有特定的要求,

但各地的習(xí)慣卻并不一樣。

?【詞塊必記】

(l)arrange(forsb./sth.)todosth.安排(某人/某物)做某事

arrangewithsb.about(doing)sth.就(做)某事與某人安排妥當(dāng)

arrangethat...商定...；安排....

(2)arrangementn.整理；安排；布置

makearrangementsfor為...做好安排

cometo/reachanarrangement談妥，達(dá)成協(xié)議

【語境速測(cè)】完成句子

①Ihavearrangedforhim（已經(jīng)安排他）topickyouup.

②Weneedtomakearren2cmemefor（為...做好安排）thecomingfinal

exam.

語段填詞

（3）Noweverythingfortheconferencetobeheldtomorrowhasbeen

arranged（已準(zhǔn)備就緒）.IhrvearrangedforTomtopickup（安排Tom

開車去接）theexpertsattheairport.ThenI'marrangedtomeet（安排

接見）MrWang.Inaword,allthearrangementswemade（我們做出

的所有安排）arecompleted.

.【寫作金句】

Wearrangedforacartocollectthemfromthestation.

我們安排了一輛轎車從車站接他們。

【誤區(qū)釋疑】

⑴表示〃安排某人做某事〃用arrangeforsb.todosth,而不用arrange

sb.todosth.o

（2）arrange后接that從句時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“（should+）動(dòng)詞原形”。

2.apologise/apologizevi.道歉

?【典型例句】

Manytimesthepersonwhohurtsyoudoesnotintendtoapologise.

Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsthesame

way.

很多時(shí)候，傷害你的人并不打算道歉。他們可能是想傷害你，或者只是

看待事情的方式不一樣。

.【詞塊必記】

(l)apologisetosb.for(doing)sth.為(做)某事向某人道歉

apologisetosb.that.向某人道歉

(2)apologyn.道歉

offer/acceptanapology道歉/接受道歉

owesb.anapology應(yīng)向某人道歉

makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉

?【語境速測(cè)】單句語法填空

①Imustapologisetoyoufornotbeingabletomeetyou.

②Hadhenotapologised(apologise)toher,shewouldnothaveforgiven

him.

句型轉(zhuǎn)換

(3)Theteachermadeasuggestionthatsheshouldsaysorrytoher

deskmateforherbadbehavior.

玲Theteachermadeasuggestionthatsheshouldapologisetoher

deskmateforherbadbehavior.

->Theteachermadeasuggestionthatsheshouldmakeanapologytoher

deskmateforherbadbehavior.

3.attractvt.吸引；引起……注意；使喜愛；引起……好感/愛慕

?【典型例句】

Uponarrivalattheteahouse,theforeignstudentswereattracted

immediatelybytheuniqueteapotsandteacups.

一到茶館，外國(guó)學(xué)生就被這里獨(dú)特的茶壺和茶杯所吸引。

.【詞塊必記】

(l)attractsb.tosth./sb,某物/某人吸引某人；某人對(duì)某人/某物

有好感

attractone'sattention/interest弓I起某人的注意/興趣

(2)attractionn.吸引人的地方，吸引力

⑶attractiveadj.有魅力的，吸引人的

beattractivetosb,對(duì)某人有吸引力

.【語境速測(cè)】單句語法填空

?Suddenly,abeautifuldressintheshopattracted(attract)my

attention.

②Ajobinactingisbecomingincreasinglyattractive(attract)toyoung

people.

完成句子

③Attractedbvthebeau奴ofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedto

spendanothertwodaysonthefarm.

被自然的美吸引了，這個(gè)來自倫敦的女孩決定在農(nóng)場(chǎng)再待兩天。

④Whatfirstattractedmetohimwashissenseofhumour.

他首先吸引我的是他的幽默感。

4.recoverv.痊愈,康復(fù)；恢復(fù)正常

?【典型例句】

Iimmediatelywenttogethersomemedicineandthenpreparedsome

noodlesforher.Withmyspecialcare,mymotherrecoveredquickly.

我馬上去給她拿了一些藥，然后給她準(zhǔn)備了一些面條，在我的特別照顧

下，我母親很快就康復(fù)了。

?【詞塊必記】

(l)recoverfrom從...中恢復(fù)/康復(fù)

recoveroneself恢復(fù)正常；使清醒

(2)recoveryn.康復(fù)，恢復(fù)

makearecovery恢復(fù)/康復(fù)

.【語境速測(cè)】單句語法填空

①M(fèi)yfatherhasmadeafullrecovery(recover)fromtheoperation.

②Itcantakemanyyearstorecovertrecover)fromthedeathofaloved

one.

完成句子

③Havingrecoveredfromcancer(已經(jīng)從癌癥中恢復(fù))afterstandinggreat

pains,Smithhadtotryeverymeanstorecoverlosses(彌未卜損失)when

hereturnedtothecompany.

5.measurevt.&v/.測(cè)量，估量，衡量;(長(zhǎng)度、數(shù)量)為n.測(cè)量，

尺度，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，措施，辦法

?【典型例句】

FromtheEarth'sperspective,theSunmovesthroughayearacrossthe

starsorcelestialspherealongapathknownastheecliptic,whichis

measuredin360degreeslongitude.

從地球上觀測(cè)，太陽一年里在恒星間或天球劃過的軌道稱為黃道，以

360度經(jīng)度來度量。

?【詞塊必記】

measure...by...用...來衡量....

makesth.toone'sownmeasure按某人自己的尺寸做某物

takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事

takeone'smeasure給某人量尺寸

ina/somemeasure在某種程度上

.【語境速測(cè)】單句語法填空

①Youshouldtakeeffectivemeasures(measure)toimproveyourworking

conditions.

?Urgentmeasureshavebeentaksn(take)topreventcaremission;but

evenso,itsinfluenceisstillgreatenoughtocausesmogandacidrain.

語段填詞

③It'sgenerallyacknowledgedthateducationshouldn'tbemeasuredonly

byexaminationresults.What'simportantisthatthegovernmentshould

takemeasurestoimprovethequalityofeducation.

普遍認(rèn)為教育不應(yīng)該單純用考試成績(jī)來衡量。重要的是，政府應(yīng)該采取

措施來提高教育質(zhì)量。

【誤區(qū)釋疑】measure兩點(diǎn)須知

measure意為〃有……長(zhǎng)(寬、高、重)”寸，為不及物動(dòng)詞，常用主動(dòng)

形式。measure表示〃措施〃時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)。

II.核心短語

6.makeitto到達(dá)

?【典型例句】

Hopefully,youwouldmakeittoouractivity.Ihavetheconfidence

thatyouwillhaveagreattime.

希望你能來參加我們的活動(dòng)。我有信心你會(huì)玩得很開心。

.【詞塊必記】

(l)makeit(口語)取得成功，做成；設(shè)法做到；達(dá)到目的；設(shè)

法安排

(2)makeit+時(shí)間表示約定時(shí)間

?【語境速測(cè)】單句語法填空

①Itisnosurprisethatalmost20peopleactuallymakeittotheclassand

only10ofthemarestillawakeafterthefirst15minutes.

②Itwasarealraceagainsttimetogettheprojectdone.Luckily,we

madeit.

完成句子

(3)Wecouldstillmakeit,butwewon'tgettheretillthree.

我們?nèi)钥梢在s到，只不過要到3點(diǎn)才能到。

7.pickup撿起；搭車；學(xué)會(huì)；振作精神；繼續(xù)；好轉(zhuǎn)

?【典型例句】

Onthefarm,myclassmatesandIhelpedthefarmerstopickuptheripe

watermelons.

在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上，我和同學(xué)們幫助農(nóng)民們摘熟西瓜。

?【詞塊必記】

pickoneselfup振作精神

pickupspeed加快速度

pickout挑出；辨認(rèn)出

pickoff摘去

?【語境速測(cè)】寫出黑體部分的含義

①Willyoupickupallyourtoys?（收拾）

（2）MyradiocanpickuptheBBCprogrammesclearly.（收聽）

③I'llpickyouupatyourhometomorrow.（接載）

④It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpickedupRussiansoquickly—he

hasn'tlivedthereverylong.（偶然學(xué)會(huì)）

?Businesshasbeendepressedbuttheyexpectittopickupagainbefore

Christmas.（好轉(zhuǎn)）

8.insearchof尋找；尋求

?【典型例句】

Agroupofsoldierswentintothewoodsinsearchofthemissingpilot.

一隊(duì)士兵去森林尋找失蹤的飛行員。

?【詞塊必記】

inone's/thesearchfor尋找，尋求

search+someplace/somebody搜查某地/搜身

searchfor尋找

.【語境速測(cè)】介詞填空

①Adepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab,invitingcustomerson

ajourneyintothestore'swindowstosmellbooks,potsanddrawers,

insearchoftheirperfectscent.

②HeisdeterminedtogototheUSAtosearchforabetterlife.

語段填詞

Thecustomsweresearchin。fordrugswhenIcamethroughtheairport.

Theysearchedeverybody'sluggageforthem,andtheysearchedtheman

infrontofmefromheadtofoot.

我經(jīng)過機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，海關(guān)人員正在搜查毒品。他們檢查每個(gè)人的行李，并且

把我前面那個(gè)人從頭到腳搜了一遍。

III.經(jīng)典句式

9.Somefishcanproducesoundsalmosttwiceasloudasyourspeaking

voice!

一些魚可以制造出幾乎是你說話音量?jī)杀洞蟮穆曇簦?/p>

?【句型公式】

倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法：

(1)Ais+倍數(shù)+as+ao[/./adv.原級(jí)+as+B

⑵Ais+倍數(shù)+M/./adv.的比較級(jí)+than+B

(3)Ais+倍數(shù)+the+c.+of+B

(4)Ais+倍數(shù)+what從句,表示“A是...的多少倍”

【誤區(qū)釋疑】

(l)as...as結(jié)構(gòu)中兩個(gè)as之間要用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)。

⑵在倍數(shù)表達(dá)中，兩倍用twice/double,三倍及三倍以上用〃數(shù)詞

+times〃來表示，還可以是分?jǐn)?shù)，百分?jǐn)?shù)，half等。

【語境速測(cè)】單句語法填空

①Whenyoustudythelocalmap,you'llfindthistownistwicethesizeof

thatone.

②Theredruleristhreetimeslonger(long)thantheyellowone.

一句多譯

這張紅色桌子是黃色桌子的三倍長(zhǎng)。

③Thereddeskisthreetimeseslonuastheyellowone.

④Thereddeskisthreetimeslongerthantheyellowone.

⑤Thereddeskisthreetimesthelengthoftheyellowone.

10.Youcertainlywon'tfindanoisierfish.

你肯定不會(huì)遇到比這更嘈雜的魚。

?【典型例句】

Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriverisamazing,withmany

well-knownsightseeingspots.That'swhyIthinkthetripalongthe

Yangtzewon'tbeabetterchoice.

此外，沿河的景色是驚人的，有許多著名的景點(diǎn)。那就是我認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)江之

旅是一個(gè)最好的選擇的原因。

.【句型公式】

〃否定詞+比較級(jí)〃，表示最高級(jí)意義。常用的否定詞有no,not,never,

nothing,nobody,hardly等。

?【語境速測(cè)】完成句子

①Youcan'tfindabetterplaceinthisvillage.

在這個(gè)村子里，你找不到更好的地方了。

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

②DoctorYuanLongpinghasdevelopedsea-rice,whichisthemost

amazingagriculturalprogress.

3Thereisnomoresmozin〉agriculturalprogressthanthesea-rice

DoctorYuanLongpinghasdeveloped.

【備選要點(diǎn)】

1.persuadevt.說服；勸服；使信服；使相信

?【典型例句】

MostofmyclassmateswantedtogotoaparkwhileIhadanideaofgoing

toanicerplace.Imanagedtopersuademyclassmatesnottorejectmy

idea.

我的大多數(shù)同學(xué)想去公園，而我有一個(gè)去一個(gè)更好的地方的想法。我成

功地說服了同學(xué)們不要拒絕我的想法。

?【詞塊必記】

persuadesb.(not)todosth.說服某人（不）做某事

persuadesb.intodoingsth.說服某人做某事

persuadesb.outofdoingsth.說服某人不做某事

persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事

persuadesb.that...使某人相信....

【易混辨析】〃勸說〃不等于〃說服〃

說服;勸服；使

persuade

相信trytopersuade=advise

advise勸說（不一定成功）

〃使相信；信服；說服〃，常用結(jié)構(gòu):convincesb.ofsth.

convince

或convincesb.that...

?【語境速測(cè)】完成句子

①Ican'tpersuadehimtogiveup(說服他放棄)thatsillyidea.

單句語法填空

②Whenheretiredthreeyearsago,hepersuadedhischurchmusic

directorintotaking(take)himasastudent.

(§)1finallymanagedtopersuadehertogo(go)outforadrinkwithme.

2.presentadj.現(xiàn)在的，目前的；出席的，到場(chǎng)的；存在的

vt.演示；講演；頒發(fā)；授予；提出；顯示；贈(zèng)送江禮物；目前；現(xiàn)在

?【典型例句】

ManyfamousChinesewinesofthepresentdaydevelopfromancient

times,mainlyfromtheMingandtheQingdynasties.

現(xiàn)在的許多中國(guó)名酒，都是從古代發(fā)展而來的，主要是從明清時(shí)期發(fā)

展而來。

.【詞塊必記】

(l)presentsb.withsth.贈(zèng)送/頒發(fā)/授予某人某物

presentsth.tosb.向某人頒發(fā)/贈(zèng)送某物

presentsb.tosb.把某人介紹/引薦給某人

(2)atpresent/atthepresenttime現(xiàn)在，目前

forthepresent就現(xiàn)在來說，暫時(shí)

(3)bepresentat出席...

【誤區(qū)釋疑】present作定語的位置

present用作形容詞，表示〃在場(chǎng)的〃時(shí)，通常作表語或后置定語;

表示〃現(xiàn)在的〃時(shí)，常用作前置定語。

?【語境速測(cè)】單句語法填空

①Aftermakingcarefulpreparations,Ipresentedthereporttothe

manager.

②Peoplepresentatthemeetingweremostlyscientistsfromdifferent

partsoftheworld.

完成句子

③Hepresentedtous(向我們展示)thatdolphinswereintelligent

animals.

④Thegirlpresentsherteacherswithbeautifulflowers(漂亮的花)every

year.

?【巧學(xué)助記】贈(zèng)送禮物“present”

時(shí).在場(chǎng)的----present?〃.禮物

v.斐達(dá)v.蠟送

3.survivevt.幸存；幸免于難；比……活得長(zhǎng);vi.幸存；生存下來

?【典型例句】

Peoplewhosurvivedtheearthquakewillremembertheirterrible

experiencesforever.那些在地震中幸存下來的人將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他們

可怕的經(jīng)歷。

?【詞塊必記】

⑴survivesth.在...中幸免于難，挺過....

survivefromsth.從...中存活下來/留存下來

surviveonsth.靠...存活

survivesb.by...years比某人多活了...年

(2)survivorn.幸存者

survivaln.幸存，幸免

?【語境速測(cè)】單句語法填空

①Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.

②Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurviveonPeter'ssalary.

語段填詞

③Aftercountlessinterviews,Imanagedtostandoutamongthe

candidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Asasurvivor,Ilearnedthatthe

survivaldoesnotdependonluckbutaresultofmyefforts,(survive)

4.recognisevt.辨認(rèn)出，承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可

.【典型例句】

TheMingandtheQingdynastieswereuniversallyrecognisedtobethe

twogoldenperiodsinthehistoryofsealcutting,andcoincidentallythe

sealwasknownassealcuttingthen.明清時(shí)期是印章史上公認(rèn)的兩個(gè)

黃金時(shí)期，以后的印章稱為篆刻。

?【詞塊必記】

recognisesb./sth.(by/fromsb./sth.)

(從某人/某物)認(rèn)出/辨別出某人/某物

recognisesb./sth.as/tobe把某人/某物認(rèn)作

berecognisedas被公認(rèn)為/承認(rèn)是……

recognisethat...承認(rèn)....；意識(shí)到....

【知識(shí)拓展】多種〃認(rèn)為……，是……〃

①regard...as...?consider...as...

(3)see...as...④view...as...

⑤thinkof...as...⑥lookon...as...

?treat...as...⑧think...tobe...

?【語境速測(cè)】單句語法填空

①Allofusrecognisehimtobe(be)anexpertinthisfield.

句型轉(zhuǎn)換

?Environmentalpollutionisrecognisedtohavebecomeoneofthemost

seriousproblemsthatpeopleface.

玲Itisrecognisedthatenvironmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthe

mostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.

5.getintotrouble陷入麻煩；陷入困境

.【典型例句】

ThesesailorsmadeittoAfrica,wheretheygotintotrouble,but

eventuallyeverythingwentwellagain.這些水手至U達(dá)了非洲，他們?cè)?/p>

那兒陷入了麻煩但最終一切順利。

?【詞塊必記】

introuble有麻煩，處于困難中

getsb.into/outoftrouble使某人陷入/擺脫困境

havetrouble/difficultywithsth./（in）doingsth.做某事有困難

ask/lookfortrouble自找麻煩，自討苦吃

takethetroubletodosth.不辭辛勞做某事

?【語境速測(cè)】完成句子

①Iwonderwhetherhewouldgetintotrouble（陷入麻煩）.

②Mybestfriendoftensharesthingswithmeandhelpspeoplein

trouble（處于困難中）.

?Althoughwe'velearnedEnglishforyears,wehavetrouble

understandingtheforeigners（理解外國(guó)A）.

④Itisverykindofyoutotakethvtroubletohelpme（不怕麻煩來幫

我）.

“Step3強(qiáng)化檢測(cè)?提升學(xué)習(xí)能力小

I.單句語法填空

1.（2019?天津高考）Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinks

becausethatarrangement（arrange）ismorestableoverthelongterm.

2.（2019?天津高考）Thecoursenormallyattracts（attract）about100

studentsperyear,ofwhomuptohalfwillbefromabroad.

3.（2020?全國(guó)HI卷）1doknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butI

trytopersuade（persuade）themtokeepsmiling.

4.（2019?全國(guó)卷I）Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhosee

treebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecover（recover）atafaster

ratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.

5.（2019?全國(guó)卷II）First,youneedtoevaluate（evaluate）yourself,your

values,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,your

desires,etc.

II.完成句子

1.（2019?d匕京高考）Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthat

manypeoplenowrefusetopickup（接聽）callsfromnumberstheydon't

know.

2.（2019?天津高考〉Weallagebiologicallyatdifferentratesaccording

及（根據(jù)；依照）ourgenes,whatweeat,howmuchweexercise,and

whatenvironmentwelivein.

3.（2019.天津高考）1musthavealwaysknownreadingwasvery

importantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwith（處

理）books.

4.（2019?天津高考）1don'thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhat

techniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis（當(dāng)他或4也寫下

這個(gè)的時(shí)候）.

5.（2019,江蘇高考）Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshave

putanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-border

flowsofcapital,laborandgoods,withpoorresults（差的結(jié)果）.

III.語法填空

According1.toanoldstory,oncetherewasanoldmanwho

madea

2.livingdive）byfishing.Oneday,hearrangedtogotosea3.in

searchofsometreasuresinthesea.Hewasabouttomakeittothe

destination4.whenabigsharkappeared.Thoughhe5.got（get）into

greattrouble,herememberedthathiswifepersuadedhim6.to

watch（watch）outfordangerousseaanimals,sohecameupwitha

wonderfulideatodeal7.withtheproblem.Atlast,hegotridofthe

sharkand8.made（make）ittoasafeplace.Laterhemadean

9.apoloHv（apologise）tohiswifeandpromisedthathewouldneverset

sailon

10.his（he）ownanymore.

-----------Step4直擊高考?培弟思碓國(guó)應(yīng)山一

核心素養(yǎng)提高學(xué)生保護(hù)海洋、保護(hù)自然、科學(xué)探索的意識(shí)。

高考鏈接2019?北京高考閱讀理解D;2019?浙江高考閱讀理解C;

2018?全國(guó)卷I閱讀理解D

I.話題與閱讀理解

（2019?北京高考閱讀理解D）

Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswillbe

bluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.

Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms（海洋

彳散生物）calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsoffthe

organisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheocean

surface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetype

andconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowth

ofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leading

tochangesintheocean'sappearance.

Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbon

dioxide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whenthese

organismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocess

thathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonare

vulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskey

characteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,since

theyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalso

nutrients.

StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT'sCenterforGlobalChange

Science,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceans

throughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3citfoundthat

multiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodel

projectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecome

evenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarming

willmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturn

greener."Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheocean

changing,,?shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging."

Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefood

web.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,

“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive."Thosekinds

ofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.

Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecoming

decadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycould

meansignificantchanges."It'llbeawhilebeforewecanstatistically

showthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,"

Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneof

theearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.

【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文。一份研究表明，到本世紀(jì)末，全球氣

候變暖會(huì)導(dǎo)致海洋更藍(lán)更綠，并分析了原因。

1.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?

A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.

B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.

C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.

D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.

選B。主旨大意題。文章第一段主要說明了研究的結(jié)論；第二段具體分

析了原因，故選Bo

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable“inParagraph3probably

mean?

A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.

C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.

選A。詞義猜測(cè)題。由下句可知?dú)夂蜃兣淖兞撕Ｑ蟮闹饕卣鳎绊?/p>

浮游生物的生長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)樗鼈儾粌H需要陽光和二氧化碳才能生長(zhǎng)，而且

需要養(yǎng)分，可知本句主要是說浮游生物對(duì)氣候的變化很敏感。beneficial

“有益的";significant”非同一般的〃；unnoticeable〃不被注意的，忽略的”,

根據(jù)語境可知選A。

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.

B.Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.

C.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.

D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.

選D。推理判斷題。由第四段可知在一些海域變暖會(huì)使浮游生物的生存

條件更加成熟，而這些地區(qū)將變得更綠。故選D。

4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.

B.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.

C.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.

D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.

選C。目的意圖題。本文主要說全球氣候變暖會(huì)使海洋更藍(lán)更綠并分析

了原因，故選C。

【微技能點(diǎn)撥】定位關(guān)鍵句，提煉主旨大意

解答主旨大意題需要對(duì)首尾段或文中的某些細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行語義概括。

若考查把握某一段落大意時(shí)，需全面理解整段的內(nèi)容，尤其是首尾或

某些中間句，此時(shí)可采用〃定位關(guān)鍵句〃的解題方法。

本文中第1題為主旨大意題。根據(jù)策略解題如下：

Step1題干關(guān)鍵詞：firsttwoparagraphs

Step2原文信息關(guān)鍵句：Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue;

thankstoawarmingclimate

Step3兩者對(duì)比，定位關(guān)鍵句：嘗試解答B(yǎng)。

【語用提能】

climaten.氣候

話題詞匯

marineadj.海洋的

organismn.有機(jī)體

oceann.海洋

colourfuladj.鮮艷的

giveoff發(fā)出（光等）

becauseof因?yàn)椋挥捎?/p>

短語句式dependon依靠

It'llbe+一段時(shí)間+before...”...多久之后

才……〃

fuel".燃料vt.給……提供燃料；刺激；推

動(dòng)

熟詞新義mattern.物質(zhì)；事件W.有關(guān)系；要緊

projectn.計(jì)劃；項(xiàng)目v.計(jì)劃；投射；表現(xiàn)；

突出

【微語法填空】

Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswill

bebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate.Attheheartofthe

phenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)1.

(call)phytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsoff

theorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsatthe

oceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,

2.(depend)onthetypeandconcentrationof

phytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktonin

someareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesinthe

ocean'sappearance.

Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,3.theypull

carbondioxideintotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Phytoplankton

arethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfrom

theocean,it4.(change)thetypeoffishthatwillbeable

tosurvive.Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.

Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecoming

decadeswill

5.(probable)betoogradualandunnoticeable,butthey

couldmeansignificantchanges.Thechangeinthecolouroftheocean

willbeoneoftheearlywarning6.(signal)thatwereally

havechangedourplanet.

1.calledo考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為過去分詞作

后置定語，名詞microorganisms與動(dòng)詞call之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填

calledo

2.dependingo考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為現(xiàn)在分詞

作狀語，邏輯主語Oceancolour與動(dòng)詞depend之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填

dependingo

考查連詞。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為定語從句，先行詞為

3.whe