水庫樞紐工程土石壩計算說明書

水庫樞紐工程土石壩計算說明書 4.5混凝土面板土石壩加復合土工膜穩(wěn)定校核與滲透變 1.《水利水電工程等級劃分及洪水標準》SL252——2000，中華人民共和國行業(yè)標準，中華人民共和國水利部發(fā)布，2000年7月13日發(fā)布，2000年8月1日實施。2.《水電樞紐工程等級劃分及設計安全標準》DL5180——2003,代替SDJ12——1978和SDJ217——1987,中華人民共和國電力行業(yè)標準，中華人民共和國國家經濟貿易委員會發(fā)布，2003年1月9日發(fā)布，3.《水工建筑物》第三版，天津大學祁慶和主編，中國水利水電出版社出版。4.《碾壓式土石壩設計規(guī)范》SL274——2001，中華人民共和國行業(yè)標準，中華人民共和國水利部發(fā)布，2002年1月28日發(fā)布，2002年3月1日實施。5.《水利水電工程施工導流設計導則》DL/T5144——2000,中華人民共和國電力行業(yè)標準，中華人民共和國國家經濟貿易委員會發(fā)布，2000年11月3日發(fā)布，2001年1月1日實施。6.《中國大壩》中國大壩編輯組.19807.《水利工程施工》.袁光裕.第三版.中國水利水電出版社XX地處山區(qū)，壩址附近土料豐富，雖河流兩面4.供水灌溉：還有供水，水庫要保證上下游城鎮(zhèn)人民的生活用水，Δt-Δt=V2-V1式中Q1——時段Δt始的入庫流量，m3/s；Q2——時段Δt末的出庫流量，m3/s；Δt——計算時段，s.現(xiàn)只能按照估算法:程為米.土石壩。其中土石壩又分為土石心墻壩，土石斜墻壩，心墻堆2.混凝土重力壩壩型：混凝土重力壩依靠大壩自身力從而維持穩(wěn)定。所以重力壩要求建在巖基上4.支墩壩支墩壩由一系列支敦和擋水面板所組成，支墩沿壩土石壩可以分為土石心墻壩，土石斜墻壩，心墻堆石壩，建造土石壩的有利條件，河谷不是很寬，是3）從施工機械來看，大型土壩施工機械為加快施是重型振動碾的使用，可把土壩體碾壓的密實7）土壩設計理論和施工經驗的積累和發(fā)展，為修建即安全，又土壩幾種防滲分區(qū)壩型比較：鋼筋混凝土又較心墻壩多，故放棄鋼筋混凝土斜墻壩?；炷翝B結構施工的影響；防滲面板設在壩體表面，維護、壩體剖面設計有：壩頂；上下游壩坡；馬道；排水結構按照設計和校核情況計算取最大者。相應靜水d=ha+e+AA:為安全超高，取0.7；其中ha按照公式計算ha=0.45h1m-1n-0.6;e=kv2Dcosα/2gH;游為混凝土面板，為了施工和壩體穩(wěn)定也設馬道，上游壩坡坡率設計為穩(wěn)定壩坡，1：3，為防止?jié)B流逸出處的滲透變形；改變滲流方向，增加 施工碾壓。空隙率控制在2500到3000之間。滲透系數(shù)不大于0.1cm/s。的厚度可小于相連接的面板厚度，但是不小于0.3要求趾板混凝土與面板混凝土的要求相同。采用525#硅酸鹽水泥，或普通硅酸鹽水泥，趾板表面。每向配筋率采用0.300。巖基上趾板鋼筋保護層厚度取10 墊層為面板提供支承，把面板傳過來的力荷載均勻地傳墊層料的選擇：墊層材料必須選用地質新鮮，堅硬具有過渡層材料選擇：為避免在剛度相差較大地兩種土石料之點，采用極限強度為706kg/cm2的石英砂巖和275kg 粒材料最優(yōu)含量為3400?？刂苾饶Σ两堑募氼w粒材料最優(yōu)含量是2500。但細顆粒材料含量為3400時，也接近達到最大內摩擦角的值。沙那工程，細顆粒材料含量為1000，小于25毫米的材料含量為2500，加水為1500。Ec取1452、下游回填土區(qū)設計：下游主土回填區(qū)也稱為任意不超過500。參照已經建設直接縫,即縱縫,將防滲面板分成若干條板,為了滿足用滑動模平縫。趾板與面板之間設計周邊縫.根據壩體變形及施工條件進行面面板混凝土應該具有比較高的耐久性，抗?jié)B性，抗裂性和施混凝土強度等級不能小與C25?？?jié)B性不能小于W8。面板混凝土采用普通硅酸鹽水泥。為防 水化熱溫升和收縮變形。采用摻粉煤灰，摻量在1500到3000之間。面板耐久性，控制堿骨料反應，在水泥中加入硅粉，即二氧化硅a、趾板地基開挖：將強風化的巖石挖除。以不破壞基巖完順完整。開挖出渣的清理；采用推土機集渣，挖d、趾板基礎灌漿：有固結灌漿和帷幕灌漿。灌漿的目的是提高基巖的強度和整體性，度，比較小的壓縮變形，避免地基不均勻沉降而影為了確保大壩穩(wěn)定擋水，確定一個穩(wěn)定邊坡。多年來穩(wěn)定分析一般多采用極限平衡法和非線性圓弧法。在這里強度理論中τ=c+σtanφ在土石壩分析穩(wěn)定中適應。；σn：正應力；τf：土體抗剪強度。具體計算如下面：計算項目：XX水庫等厚土層土坡穩(wěn)定計算------------------------------------------------------------------------[計算簡圖][控制參數(shù)]:采用規(guī)范:碾壓式土石壩設計規(guī)范計算工期:穩(wěn)定滲流期計算目標:安全系數(shù)計算滑裂面形狀:圓弧滑動法地震烈度:7度水平地震系數(shù):0.100地震作用綜合系數(shù):0.250地震作用重要性系數(shù):1.000地震力作用位置:質心處水平加速度分布類型：矩形[坡面信息]坡面線段數(shù)坡面線號123455水平投影(m)47.380 2.00044.620 2.00045.900豎直投影(m)15.7000.00015.0000.00015.090超載數(shù)00000[土層信息]上部土層數(shù)1層號層厚重度飽和重度全孔壓147.00018.00020.000---層號粘聚力內摩擦角水下粘聚水下內摩(kPa)(度)力(kPa)擦角(度)110.00025.00010.00025.000層號十字板強度增十字板羲強度增長系(kPa)長系數(shù)下值(kPa)數(shù)水下值1------------================================================================下部土層數(shù)1層號層厚重度飽和重度全孔壓14.00018.00020.000---層號粘聚力內摩擦角水下粘聚水下內摩(kPa)(度)力(kPa)擦角(度)120.00030.00015.00025.000層號十字板強度增十字板羲強度增長系(kPa)長系數(shù)下值(kPa)數(shù)水下值1------------[水面信息]采用有效應力法孔隙水壓力采用近似方法計算不考慮滲透力作用考慮邊坡外側靜水壓力水面線段數(shù)1水面線起始點坐標:(0.000,43.000)壩坡外水位:40.000(m)水面線號水平投影(m)豎直投影(m)160.0000.000[計算條件]圓弧穩(wěn)定分析方法:瑞典條分法土條重切向分力與滑動方向反向時:當下滑力對待穩(wěn)定計算目標:自動搜索最危險滑裂面條分法的土條寬度:2.000(m)搜索時的圓心步長:2.000(m)搜索時的半徑步長:1.000(m)計算結果:------------------------------------------------------------------------起始x終止xliCi謎土條土條Z計算孔隙水地震力高度Z附加力X附加力Y下滑力抗滑力超載豎向飽和重以下浮力條重Wi壓力X)(靜水壓Y)地震力地震力11.04912.961-12.5421.95910.00025.00020.2510.1210.12395.510.5136.5518.4857.36-32.2021.080.000.0012.96114.874-11.7651.95310.00025.00060.2330.1130.11399.6336.9618.4057.36-34.3930.540.000.0014.87416.786-10.9901.94810.00025.00099.1849.5949.59403.482.4837.3518.3257.36-35.9639.780.000.0016.78618.698-10.2181.94310.00025.000137.1068.5568.55407.063.4337.7118.2357.37-36.9548.810.000.0018.69820.610-9.4471.93810.00025.000174.0087.0087.00410.374.3538.0418.1557.36-37.3857.620.000.0020.61022.522-8.6781.93410.00025.000209.91104.95104.95413.425.2538.3418.0757.37-37.2666.210.000.0022.52224.434-7.9101.93110.00025.000244.79122.39122.39416.216.1238.6217.9857.36-36.6374.560.000.0024.43426.346-7.1441.92710.00025.000278.69139.34139.34418.746.9738.8717.9057.36-35.4982.690.000.0026.34628.259-6.3801.92410.00025.000311.59155.80155.80421.017.7939.1017.8257.37-33.8790.590.000.0028.25930.171-5.6161.92110.00025.000343.50171.75171.75423.028.5939.3017.7357.36-31.7998.240.000.0030.17132.083-4.8531.91910.00025.000374.44187.22187.22424.779.3639.4817.6557.37-29.27105.660.000.0032.08333.995-4.0921.91710.00025.000404.38202.19202.19426.2610.1139.6317.5757.36-26.33112.830.000.0033.99535.907-3.3311.91510.00025.000433.37216.68216.68427.5010.8339.7517.4857.37-22.99119.750.000.0035.90737.819-2.5701.91410.00025.000461.35230.68230.68428.4911.5339.8517.4057.36-19.26126.420.000.0037.81939.731-1.8101.91310.00025.000488.38244.19244.19429.2212.2139.9217.3257.36-15.17132.840.000.0039.73141.644-1.0511.91210.00025.000514.44257.22257.22429.7012.8639.9717.2357.36-10.74139.000.000.0041.64443.556-0.2911.91210.00025.000539.54269.77269.77429.9213.4939.9917.1557.36-5.98144.910.000.0043.55645.4680.4681.91210.00025.000563.67281.83281.83429.8914.0939.9917.0757.37-0.92150.550.000.0045.46847.3801.2281.91310.00025.000586.78293.39293.39429.6114.6739.9616.9857.364.42155.920.000.0047.38049.3802.0052.00110.00025.000624.20312.10312.10429.0515.6139.910.0060.0027.77165.170.000.0049.38051.1502.7541.77210.00053.1013.38148.170.000.0025.000560.22280.11280.11428.2814.0139.8315.8751.15052.9203.4581.77310.00053.1018.47152.170.000.0025.000577.88288.94288.94427.3214.4539.7315.8052.92054.6904.1631.77510.00053.1023.72155.950.000.0025.000594.76297.38297.38426.1414.8739.6115.7254.69056.4604.8681.77610.00053.1029.14159.520.000.0025.000610.90305.45305.45424.7415.2739.4715.6556.46058.2305.5741.77810.00053.1034.69162.860.000.0025.000626.21313.11313.11423.1215.6639.3115.5858.23060.0006.2811.78110.00053.1040.37165.980.000.0025.000640.77320.38320.38421.2916.0239.1315.5060.00062.0007.0352.01510.00060.0052.58191.030.000.0025.000740.56370.28370.28419.0818.5138.9117.4362.00064.0007.8362.01910.00060.0060.12194.420.000.0025.000757.02378.51378.51416.4718.9338.6517.3464.00066.0008.6382.02310.00060.0067.76197.470.000.0025.000772.32386.16386.16413.5719.3138.3617.2466.00068.0009.4432.02710.00060.0075.50200.210.000.0025.000786.49393.25393.25410.3919.6638.0417.1568.00070.00010.2492.03210.00060.0083.30202.610.000.0025.000799.50399.75399.75406.9219.9937.6917.0570.00072.00011.0572.03810.00060.0091.15204.690.000.0025.000811.36405.68405.68403.1620.2837.3216.9672.00074.00011.8682.04410.00060.0099.00206.430.000.0025.000822.00411.00411.00399.1020.5536.9116.8774.00076.00012.6802.05010.00060.00106.86207.850.000.0025.000831.52415.76415.76394.7520.7936.4716.7776.00078.00013.4962.05710.00060.00114.67208.920.000.0025.000839.79419.89419.89390.1020.9936.0116.6878.00080.00014.3142.06410.00060.00122.42209.670.000.0025.000846.88423.44423.44385.1521.1735.5116.5880.00082.00015.1362.07210.00060.00130.08210.080.000.0025.000852.77426.38426.38379.8921.3234.9916.4982.00084.00015.9602.08010.00060.00137.63210.150.000.0025.000857.38428.69428.69374.3321.4334.4316.4084.00086.00016.7882.08910.00060.00145.03209.890.000.0025.000860.77430.39430.39368.4521.5233.8416.3086.00088.00017.6202.09810.00060.00152.26209.290.000.0025.000862.91431.45431.45362.2621.5733.2316.2188.00090.00018.4552.10810.00060.00159.28208.340.000.0025.000863.71431.86431.86355.7421.5932.5716.1190.00092.00019.2942.11910.00025.000863.29431.64431.64348.9021.5831.8916.0260.00166.09207.070.000.0092.00094.00020.1382.13010.00060.00172.62205.450.000.0025.000861.51430.75430.75341.7421.5431.1715.9394.00096.00020.9872.14210.00060.00190.97197.980.000.0025.000844.93422.46422.46334.2321.1230.420.0096.00097.88621.8152.03110.00056.58169.05184.320.000.0025.000779.73389.86389.86326.6219.4929.6614.6097.88699.77222.6252.04310.00056.58173.73181.920.000.0025.000774.03387.02387.02318.9219.3528.8914.5299.772101.65823.4382.05510.00056.58178.08179.240.000.0025.000767.18383.59383.59310.9019.1828.0914.44101.658103.54324.2572.06910.00056.58182.06176.280.000.0025.000759.11379.55379.55302.5618.9827.2614.36103.543105.42925.0822.08210.00056.58185.66173.050.000.0025.000749.84374.92374.92293.9018.7526.3914.28105.429107.31525.9112.09710.00056.58188.85169.540.000.0025.000739.30369.65369.65284.9118.4825.4914.20107.315109.20126.7472.11210.00056.58191.57165.740.000.0025.000727.46363.73363.73275.5718.1924.5614.12109.201111.08727.5892.12810.00056.58193.83161.690.000.0025.000714.36357.18357.18265.9017.8623.5914.04111.087112.97328.4372.14510.00056.58195.56157.350.000.0025.000699.88349.94349.94255.8617.5022.5913.96112.973114.85929.2932.16210.00056.58196.76152.750.000.0025.000684.06342.03342.03245.4717.1021.5513.88114.859116.74530.1552.18110.00056.58197.37147.870.000.0025.000666.82333.41333.41234.7016.6720.4713.80116.745118.63031.0252.20110.00056.58197.36142.740.000.0025.000648.18324.09324.09223.5516.2019.3513.72118.630120.51631.9032.22110.00056.57196.69137.330.000.0025.000628.00314.00314.00212.0115.7018.2013.64120.516122.40232.7902.24310.00056.58195.33131.670.000.0025.000606.35303.18303.18200.0615.1617.0113.56122.402124.28833.6862.26610.00056.58193.22125.760.000.0025.000583.12291.56291.56187.7014.5815.7713.48124.288126.11334.5762.21710.00049.28185.31115.490.000.0025.000540.69264.87275.82175.1313.5214.5111.68126.113127.93835.4612.24110.00038.33183.93108.780.000.0025.000515.91241.53274.38162.3412.9013.239.03127.938129.76336.3562.26610.00027.38181.69101.840.000.0025.000489.57217.41272.16149.1212.2411.916.41129.763131.58837.2612.29310.00016.43178.5294.650.000.0025.000461.60192.48269.13135.4611.5410.553.83131.588133.41438.1782.32210.00025.000431.98166.71265.26121.3410.809.135.48174.3987.230.000.00133.414135.11139.0732.18610.00025.000372.69131.16241.52107.289.327.730.000.00159.1175.980.000.00135.111136.80839.9472.21410.00025.000342.22107.41234.8193.288.566.330.000.00157.0272.550.000.00136.808138.50540.8322.24310.00025.000310.2682.90227.3678.847.764.880.000.00154.2868.900.000.00138.505140.20341.7292.27410.00025.000276.7157.60219.1163.946.923.390.000.00150.8065.030.000.00140.203141.90042.6392.30710.00025.000241.5431.49210.0548.566.040.000.00146.5760.940.000.00141.900143.03543.4071.56310.00025.000137.346.10131.2435.373.430.540.000.0092.6137.130.000.00143.035144.55844.1392.12210.00025.000145.360.00145.3622.613.630.000.000.00103.7746.310.000.00144.558146.08144.9882.15310.00025.00099.660.0099.667.612.490.000.000.0072.1945.940.000.00146.081147.42045.7971.92010.00025.00050.640.0050.640.000.000.000.0037.1835.240.000.00147.420148.75846.5651.94710.00025.00017.030.0017.030.000.430.000.000.0012.6624.780.000.00面板的估算，以確定施工時預留一定的沉降量，同時以S2：待修建壩的預計沉降值；E2：待修建壩的變形模量；H2，H1：分別為壩高。由于壩體是比較堅硬的石英砂巖，沉降量非常小，在設計施工時預計流lll毫米的沉降計算項目:一般穩(wěn)定滲流問題公式法1土堤頂部寬度b=9.000(m)土堤頂部高度h=46.000(m)上游坡坡率1:m1=3.000下游坡坡率1:m2=3.000堤身滲透系數(shù)k=0.150(m/d)上游水位h1=43.000(m)下游水位h2=0.000(m)斜墻頂部寬度=1.440(m)斜墻底部寬度=1.400(m)斜墻滲透系數(shù)=0.010(m/d)不透水地基排水棱體高度=4.000(m)排水棱體寬度=3.000(m)棱體臨水坡率=1.000L=159.880(m)腖=18.429(m)浸潤線計算公式原點=269.000(m)浸潤線起點x坐標=119.622(m)浸潤線終點x坐標=270.834(m)注：中間計算結果的含義參見規(guī)范E.2.3條。[最終計算結果]h0=4.338(m)單位寬度滲流量:=0.770(m3/d.m)浸潤線計算結果:X(m)119.622134.744149.865164.986180.107195.228210.349225.470240.591255.712270.834Y(m)39.39637.37435.23732.96130.51627.85724.91621.57817.61812.4580.000計算項目:水位降落過程中不穩(wěn)定滲流問題公式法3土堤頂部寬度b=9.000(m)土堤頂部高度h=46.000(m)上游坡坡率1:m1=3.000下游坡坡率1:m2=3.000堤身滲透系數(shù)k=0.150(m/d)上游水位h1=43.000(m)下游水位h2=0.000(m)水位下降速度=3.000（m/d）下降到的最低水位=38.000（m）堤身土的給水度=0.150[最終計算結果]水位下降所需時間=1.67(天)時間(天)浸潤線最高點h0(t)+h0(m)上游坡出滲點高度he(t)(m)0.3342.76442.638X(m)Y(m)127.91342.638128.02242.650128.13142.663128.23942.676128.34842.689128.45742.701128.56542.714128.67442.726128.78342.739128.89142.752129.00042.764時間(天)浸潤線最高點h0(t)+h0(m)上游坡出滲點高度he(t)(m)0.6742.52942.294X(m)Y(m)126.88242.294127.09342.317127.30542.341127.51742.365127.72942.388127.94142.412128.15342.435128.36442.459128.57642.482128.78842.505129.00042.529時間(天)浸潤線最高點h0(t)+h0(m)上游坡出滲點高度he(t)(m)1.0042.293