教師資格認定考試高級中學(xué)英語真題2016年上半年

教師資格認定考試高級中學(xué)英語真題2016年上半年一、單項選擇題在每小題列出的四個備選項中選擇一個最佳答案。1.

Excellentnovelsarethosewhich______natio（江南博哥）nalandculturalbarriers.A.transcendB.traverseC.suppressD.surpass正確答案：A[解析]考查動詞辨析。transcend“超出，超越(通常的界限)”；traverse“橫過，橫越”；suppress“鎮(zhèn)壓，壓制”；surpass“超過，勝過”。句意：優(yōu)秀的小說是會跨越民族和文化的障礙的。

2.

AsAlicebelievedhimtobeamanofintegrity,sherefusedtoconsiderthepossibilitythathisstatementwas______.A.irrelevantB.facetiousC.fictitiousD.illogical正確答案：C[解析]考查形容詞辨析。irrelevant“不相干的”；facetious“詼諧的，滑稽的”；fictitious“虛構(gòu)的，瞎編的”；illogical“不合邏輯的”。由句中的integrity“誠實，正直”，可知這里應(yīng)選C。句意：因為愛麗絲相信他是一個正直的人，所以她不認為他的言論存在虛構(gòu)的可能性。

3.

Thegirlsareafraidthatbeingfriendlytostrangerscouldbemisinterpretedbytheir______neighbours.A.ever-presentB.ever-presentedC.ever-presentingD.ever-presently正確答案：A[解析]考查形容詞的用法。名詞前面應(yīng)用形容詞來修飾，排除D。ever-present“始終存在的”，修飾名詞。句意：女孩們擔(dān)心對陌生人友善會被如影隨形的鄰居們誤解。沒有B項和C項這種搭配。

4.

Hispresentationwillshowyou______canbeusedinothercontexts.A.thatyouhaveobservedB.thathowyouhaveobservedC.howthatyouhaveobservedD.howwhatyouhaveobserved正確答案：D[解析]考查從句。本句中的showsb.sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，sth.是how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。賓語從句中，缺少主語，what引導(dǎo)主語從句。句意：他的陳述會向你展示，你所觀察到的如何被用于其他語境。

5.

Manystudentsstarteachtermwithanawardcheck,butbythetimebooksarebought,foodispaidfor,andabitofsociallife______,itlooksratheremaciated.A.livesB.livedC.waslivedD.haslived正確答案：B[解析]根據(jù)句意可知，空格處的時態(tài)應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時，排除C、D。sociallife和live之間是被動關(guān)系，所以選B。完整的表述是sociallifeislived，由于此項內(nèi)容和前面提到的是并列關(guān)系，而且謂語動詞是be動詞，則be動詞可以省略。

6.

Whichofthefollowingiscorrectinitsuseofpunctuation?______A.Theteacherasked,"Whosaid,'Givemelibertyorgivemedeath'?"B.Theteacherasked,"Whosaid,'Givemelibertyorgivemedeath?'"C.Theteacherasked,"Whosaid'Givemelibertyorgivemedeath'"?D.Theteacherasked,"Whosaid'Givemelibertyorgivemedeath'?"正確答案：D[解析]考查標(biāo)點符號的用法。Whosaid后面是一句話，不用逗號隔開，可排除A和B。引用語要用雙引號標(biāo)出，但如果引用語中又有引用語則用單引號。如果引用語是疑問句，問號放在雙引號內(nèi)。故選D。

7.

ThepairofEnglishphonemes______differintheplaceofarticulation.A./?/and/?/B./θ/and/e/C./d/and/z/D./m/and/n/正確答案：D[解析]考查輔音的發(fā)音位置。/?/和/?/都屬于postalveolar(后齒齦音)；/θ/和/e/都屬于dental(齒音)；/d/和/z/都屬于alveolar(齒齦音)。/m/屬于bilabial(雙唇音)，/n/屬于alveolar(齒齦音)，發(fā)音位置不同，故選D。

8.

Thereare______consonantclustersinthesentence"Brian,Iappreciatebeautifulscarfyoubroughtme."A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five正確答案：D[解析]考查輔音連綴。在同一個意群內(nèi)，如果有兩個或兩個以上的輔音音素結(jié)合在一起，這種語音現(xiàn)象稱為輔音連綴。輔音連綴可以出現(xiàn)在詞首、詞中和詞尾。Brian,Iappreciatebeautifulscarfyoubroughtme.本句中的輔音連綴依次是/br/，/pr/，/bj/，/sk/，/br/。

9.

Whensaying"It'snoisyoutside"togetsomeonetoclosethewindow,thespeakerintendstoperforma(n)______.A.directspeechactB.locutionaryactC.indirectspeechactD.perlocutionaryact正確答案：C[解析]考查言語行為理論。在奧斯汀的言語行為理論基礎(chǔ)上，塞爾提出了間接言語行為理論(indirectspeechact)。在間接言語行為中，說話人和聽話人溝通，能讓聽話人明白話語中字面意思之外的用意，依賴于他們共知的背景信息。It'snoisyoutside.這句話想表明的意圖是嫌外面吵，希望聽話人聽到后能關(guān)上窗戶，這是一種間接言語行為。故選C。

10.

ThataJapanesechildadoptedatbirthbyanAmericancouplewillgrowupspeakingEnglishindicates______ofhumanlanguage.A.dualityB.culturaltransmissionC.arbitrarinessD.cognitivecreativity正確答案：B[解析]考查語言的本質(zhì)特征。duality“二重性”是指語言的等級性，包括形位和音位；culturaltransmission“文化傳遞性”是指語言要通過教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)才能獲得；arbitrariness“任意性”是指語言符號的形式和意義之間沒有天然聯(lián)系；cognitivecreativity“認知創(chuàng)造性”。“日本小孩出生時被美國夫婦收養(yǎng)，長大后會說英文”體現(xiàn)的是語言的文化傳遞性。故選B。

11.

Fluentandappropriatelanguageuserequiresknowledgeof______andthissuggeststhatweshouldteachlexicalchunksratherthansinglewords.A.denotationB.connotationC.morphologyD.collocation正確答案：D[解析]在教學(xué)中，我們應(yīng)該進行詞塊教學(xué)，而非單個詞匯教學(xué)，由此可知，流暢恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言運用要求具備詞匯搭配知識。

12.

"Underliningallthepastformverbsinthedialogue"isatypicalexercisefocusingon______.A.useB.formC.meaningD.function正確答案：B[解析]考查語法教學(xué)。根據(jù)題干“標(biāo)出對話中所有的過去式”，過去式屬于語法教學(xué)內(nèi)容中的語言的形式，故這是一種注重語言形式的練習(xí)。

13.

Whichofthefollowingactivitiesmaybemoreappropriatetohelpstudentspracticeanewstructureimmediatelyafterpresentationinclass?______A.Roleplay.B.Groupdiscussion.C.Patterndrill.D.Writtenhomework.正確答案：C[解析]練習(xí)新的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，最合適的方法是patterndrill“句型練習(xí)”。

14.

Whenteachingstudentshowtogiveappropriateresponsestoacongratulationoranapology,theteacherisprobablyteachingat______.A.lexicallevelB.sentencelevelC.grammaticallevelD.discourselevel正確答案：D[解析]考查語篇教學(xué)?！皩ψＹR和道歉進行合適的回應(yīng)”，體現(xiàn)的是交流過程中語言功能的運用，屬于語篇教學(xué)?；谡Z篇層次的教學(xué)，有利于讓學(xué)生經(jīng)歷真實語境，提高語言運用的準(zhǔn)確性。

15.

Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanhelpdeveloptheskilloflisteningforgist?______A.ListenandfindoutwhereJimlives.B.Listenanddecideonthebesttitleforthepassage.C.Listenandunderlinethewordsthespeakerstresses.D.Listentopairsofwordsandtelliftheyarethesame.正確答案：B[解析]考查聽力教學(xué)。A項是聽文章找出吉姆住在哪里；B項是聽文章選出最合適的標(biāo)題；C項是聽文章并標(biāo)出說話者強調(diào)的單詞；D項是聽詞組并判斷是否一致。能夠幫助提高獲取主旨大意的聽力技能的活動是B項。其他三個選項都是獲取細節(jié)的聽力活動。

16.

WhenanEFLteacheraskshisstudents"Howdoyouknowthattheauthorlikedtheplacesincehedidnottellusexplicitly?",he/sheishelpingstudentstoreach______comprehension.A.literalB.appreciativeC.inferentialD.evaluative正確答案：C[解析]考查閱讀教學(xué)?！白髡邲]有明確告訴我們，那么如何判斷出他喜歡這個地方”，對于文中沒有明確說明的信息，需要用推理的方法來獲取，屬于推斷性閱讀。

17.

Whichofthefollowingtypesofquestionsaremostlyusedforcheckingliteralcomprehensionofthetext?______A.Displayquestions.B.Rhetoricalquestions.C.Evaluationquestions.D.Referentialquestions.正確答案：A[解析]考查課堂提問的類型。理解性提問又包括展示型問題(displayquestions)和參閱型問題(referentialquestions)。展示型問題指提問者已知問題的答案，這類問題主要用于語言操練。而參閱型問題指提問者并不知道問題的答案，提問的目的是獲取信息。考查對文章字面意義的理解，這種問題已有明確的答案，屬于展示型問題。

18.

Whichofthefollowingisatypicalfeatureofinformalwriting?______A.Awell-organizedstructureispreferred.B.Shortandincompletesentencesarecommon.C.Technicaltermsanddefinitionsarerequired.D.Awiderangeofvocabularyandstructuralpatternsareused.正確答案：B[解析]考查非正式文體寫作的特點。A項“結(jié)構(gòu)清晰”，B項“短句、斷句很常見”，C項“必備專業(yè)詞匯和定義”，D項“詞匯量豐富、句型結(jié)構(gòu)多樣”。只有B項是非正式文體寫作的特點，其他三個選項都是正式文體寫作的特點。

19.

Peer-editingduringclassisanimportantstepofthe______approachtoteachingwriting.A.genre-basedB.content-basedC.process-orientedD.product-oriented正確答案：C[解析]考查寫作教學(xué)模式。寫作教學(xué)模式有三種：注重結(jié)果的寫作教學(xué)模式(Product-orientedapproach)、注重內(nèi)容的寫作教學(xué)模式(Content-orientedapproach)和注重過程的寫作教學(xué)模式(Process-orientedapproach)。在重過程的寫作模式中，寫作程序為：準(zhǔn)備—寫作—修改—再修改。同伴互評是注重過程的寫作教學(xué)模式的重要步驟。

20.

Portfolios,dailyreportsandspeechdeliveringaretypicalmeansof______.A.norm-referencedtestB.criterion-referencedtestC.summativeassessmentD.formativeassessment正確答案：D[解析]考查評價方式。A項和B項都是測試的類型。C項“終結(jié)性評價”一般在學(xué)期末或某學(xué)習(xí)階段結(jié)束后進行，如期末考試、結(jié)業(yè)考試等；D項“形成性評價”常用學(xué)習(xí)檔案袋(studentportfolio)、課堂觀察、座談、學(xué)習(xí)日志、演講等方法，通過觀察學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)過程中各方面的表現(xiàn)，對學(xué)生做出全面的評價。故選D項。

WhentheViaductdeMillauopenedinthesouthofFrancein2004,thistallestbridgeintheworldwonworldwideaccolades.Germannewspapersdescribedhowit"floatedabovetheclouds"with"eleganceandlightness"and"breathtaking"beauty.InFrance,paperspraisedthe"immense""concretegiant."WasitmerecoincidencethattheGermanssawbeautywheretheFrenchsawheftandpower?LeraBoroditskythinksnot.

Inaseriesofcleverexperimentsguidedbypointedquestions,Boroditskyisamassingevidencethat,yes,languageshapesthought.Theeffectispowerfulenough,shesays,that"theprivatementallivesofspeakersofdifferentlanguagesmaydifferdramatically,"notonlywhentheyarethinkinginordertospeak,"butinallmannerofcognitivetasks,"includingbasicsensoryperception."Evenasmallflukeofgrammar"—thegenderofnouns—"canhaveaneffectonhowpeoplethinkaboutthingsintheworld,"shesays.

Asinthatbridge,inGerman,thenounforbridge,Brücke,isfeminine.InFrench,pontismasculine.Germanspeakerssawprototypicallyfemalefeatures;Frenchspeakers,masculineones.Similarly,Germansdescribekeys(Schlüssel)withwordssuchashard,heavy,jagged,andmetal,whiletoSpaniardskeys(llaves)aregolden,intricate,little,andlovely.Guesswhichlanguageconstrueskeyasmasculineandwhichasfeminine?Grammaticalgenderalsoshapeshowweconstrueabstractions.In85percentofartisticdepictionsofdeathandvictory,forinstance,theideaisrepresentedbyamanifthenounismasculineandawomanifitisfeminine,saysBoroditsky.Germanstendtopaintdeathasmale,andRussianstendtopaintitasfemale.

Languageevenshapeswhatwesee.Peoplehaveabettermemoryforcolorsifdifferentshadeshavedistinctnames—notEnglish'slightblueanddarkblue,forinstance,butRussian'sgoluboyandsinly.Skepticsofthelanguage-shapes-thoughtclaimhavearguedthatthat'satrivialfinding,showingonlythatpeoplerememberwhattheysawinbothavisualformandaverbalone,butnotprovingthattheyactuallyseethehuesdifferently.Inaningeniousexperiment,however,Boroditskyandcolleaguesshowedvolunteersthreecolorswatchesandaskedthemwhichofthebottomtwowasthesameasthetopone.NativeRussianspeakerswerefasterthanEnglishspeakerswhenthecolorshaddistinctnames,suggestingthathavinganameforsomethingallowsyoutoperceiveitmoresharply.Similarly,Koreanusesonewordfor"in"whenoneobjectisinanothersnugly,andadifferentonewhenanobjectisinsomethingloosely.Sureenough,KoreanadultsarebetterthanEnglishspeakersatdistinguishingtightfitfromloosefit.

Sciencehasonlyscratchedthesurfaceofhowlanguageaffectsthought.InRussian,verbformsindicatewhethertheactionwascompletedornot—asin"sheate[andfinished]thepizza."InTurkish,verbsindicatewhethertheactionwasobservedormerelyrumored.BoroditskywouldlovetorunanexperimenttestingwhethernativeRussianspeakersarebetterthanothersatnoticingifanactioniscompleted,andifTurkshaveaheightenedsensitivitytofactversushearsay.Similarly,whileEnglishsays"shebrokethebowl"evenifitsmashedaccidentally,SpanishandJapanesedescribethesameeventmorelike"thebowlbrokeitself.""Whenweshowpeoplevideoofthesameevent,"saysBoroditsky,"Englishspeakersrememberwhowastoblameeveninanaccident,butSpanishandJapanesespeakersrememberitlesswellthantheydointentionalactions.Itraisesquestionsaboutwhetherlanguageaffectsevensomethingasbasicashowweconstructourideasofcausality."21.

Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"accolades"inPARAGRAPHONE?______A.Praises.B.Awards.C.Support.D.Gratitude.正確答案：A[解析]詞義猜測題。由該詞后面的內(nèi)容，德國報紙描述它"floatedabovetheclouds"with"eleganceandlightness"and"breathtaking"beauty以及法國報紙對它的贊美，可知accolade是“贊美”的意思，故選A。

22.

WhatcanbeinferredfromPARAGRAPHTWO?______A.Languagedoesnotshapethoughtsinanysignificantway.B.Therelationshipbetweenlanguageandthoughtisanage-oldissue.C.Thelanguagewespeakdetermineshowwethinkandseetheworld.D.Whetherlanguageshapesthoughtneedstobeempiricallysupported.正確答案：C[解析]推理判斷題。第二段中，第一句是主題句，由“Boroditskyisamassingevidencethat,yes,languageshapesthought.”可知，語言會塑造人的思想。故選C。

23.

Whatistheroleoftheunderlinedpart"Asinthatbridge"inPARAGRAPHTHREE?______A.Reflectingontopicsthatappealtotheauthorandreaders.B.Introducingnewevidencetowhathasbeenconfirmedbefore.C.Identifyingthekindsofquestionssupportedbytheexperiments.D.Claimingthatspeakersofdifferentlanguagesdifferdramatically.正確答案：B[解析]細節(jié)理解題。由畫線部分的Asinthatbridge所在語境“在德語中，橋是陰性的，在法語中，橋是陽性的”，可知這是對上文提到的理論進行的事實論證，故選B。

24.

Whichofthefollowinghasnothingtodowiththerelationshipbetweenlanguageandthought?______A.Peoplerememberwhattheysawbothvisuallyandverbally.B.Languagehelpstoshapewhatandhowweperceivetheworld.C.Grammarhasaneffectonhowpeoplethinkaboutthingsaroundus.D.Sciencehasonlyscratchedthesurfaceofhowlanguageaffectsthought.正確答案：A[解析]細節(jié)理解題。文章第二段中的"languageshapesthought""Evenasmallflukeofgrammar...intheworld”對應(yīng)B項、C項，都能夠表明語言塑造思想；文章最后一段第一句對應(yīng)D項，也能說明語言和思想是相關(guān)的。故選A項。

25.

Whichofthefollowingbestrepresentstheauthor'sargumentinthepassage?______A.Thegenderofnounsaffectshowpeoplethinkaboutthingsintheworld.B.GermansandFrenchmenthinkdifferentlyabouttheViaductdeMillau.C.Languageshapesourthoughtsandaffectsourperceptionoftheworld.D.Therearedifferentmeansofprovinghowlanguageshapesourthoughts.正確答案：C[解析]主旨大意題。文章中作者的主要觀點是語言能夠塑造和影響思想。A項和B項是證明觀點的論據(jù)。D項文中沒有提及，也不是作者的中心觀點。

WhenAmerican-bornactorMichaelPenawasayearold,hisparentsweredeported.TheyhadillegallywalkedacrosstheU.S.borderfromMexicoandwhentheywerecaughtbyimmigrationauthorities,theysentPenaandhisbrothertostaywithrelativesintheU.S."Itwasquiteabitofagambleformyparents,"saysPena,"buttheycamebackayearlater."Pena'sfather,whohadbeenafarmerinMexico,gotajobatabuttonfactoryinChicagoand,eventually,agreencard.PenastayedinChicagountil,at19,hefledtoLosAngelestopursuehisactingdreams.

ThisfamilyhistorymakesPena'slatestroleespeciallypersonal.InCesarChavez,PenaplaysthelaborleaderashestrugglestoorganizeimmigrantCaliforniafarmworkersinthe1960s.Topressuregrowerstoimproveworkingconditionsandwages,Chavezledanationalboycottoftablegrapesthatlastedfrom1965to1970andisrecordedinthefilm.Chavez,likePena,wastheAmerican-bornsonofMexicanfarmerswhoimmigratedtotheU.S."Heunderstandsthisduality,thefeelingofbeingborninaplacebuthavingaverybigideaofwhereyourheritagecomesfrom,"saysthefilmdirector,DiegoLuna."ThisthingofhavingtogotoschoolandlearninEnglishandthengohometospeakSpanishwithyourparents."

AsimmigrationpolicyishotlydebatedonCapitolHillthisyear,LunaandotherswhowereinvolvedwithCesarChavezarehopingthemoviewillsparknewsupportforreformandinspireAmericanLatinostogetinvolved."ThemessageChavezleftwasthatchangecouldn'thappenwithoutthemassesbeingapartoftheirownchange,"saysFerrera,afirstgenerationHonduranAmericanwhoplaystheunionleader'swifeHelen.RosarioDawson,whoco-foundedtheadvocacygroupVotoLatino,playsChavezallyandlaborleaderDoloresHuerta.

Immigrant-rightsissuesintheU.S.haveevolvedsubstantiallyintheyearssinceChavezfoundedtheUnitedFarmWorkers(UFW).UndocumentedworkersnowmakeupafarlargershareoftheagriculturalworkforceinCaliforniathantheydidinthe1960s,accordingtoMiriamPawel,authorofTheCrusadesofCesarChavez,publishedthenextmonth.Chavezwasvehementlyagainstillegalimmigration,believingitmadestrikesdifficulttoexecuteandweakenedtheunion.Heinitiatedaprograminthemid-1970stolocateundocumentedfarmworkersandreportthemtoimmigrationofficials,Pawelwrites.Anddespitehisearlyvictories,Chavez'sUFWunionrepresentsjustasmallpartofthoseworkingonCaliforniafarmstoday.

"Chavez'slegacyisnotinthefield,whichissad,"saysPawel.Still,shesays,hisorganizingstrategies,featuredextensivelyinCesarChavez,havebeenadoptedbyotheractivists,includingthoseleadingthemodernimmigrant-rightsmovement.Chavez'smostimportantcontributionmayhavebeenhumanizingtheLatinopopulationfortheAmericanpublic.Farmlaborers,manyofwhombarelyspokeEnglish,traveledacrossthecountryduringthegrapeboycott,standingoutsidegrocerystorestopersuadehousewivesnottobuygrapesandtospreadthewordabouttheirplight."Theygavetheboycottthisveryhumanface,"saysPawel.

"Itwasfamiliestalkingtootherfamilies,"saysLuna."It'saboutthepowerwehavejustbybeingwhoweare."26.

WhathasmadePena'sroleasChavezinthemovieCesarChavezsodistinctive?______A.HisMexicanimmigrantbackground.B.HisawarenessofhisMexicanheritage.C.Hisbilinguallifeathomeandatschool.D.HisstatusbeforelegalregistrationintheUS.正確答案：A[解析]推理判斷題。由第二段第一句和第四句可知，Pena和Chavez一樣，都是出生在美國，父母都是移民到美國的墨西哥農(nóng)民。相同的移民背景使得Pena在扮演Chavez的角色時與眾不同，故選A。

27.

Whomdoestheunderlinedword"He"inPARAGRAPHTWOreferto?______A.Luna.B.Pena.C.Chavez.D.Ferrera.正確答案：B[解析]細節(jié)理解題。定位到第二段第五句，“他理解這種二元性，出生在一個地方，卻對故土有遠大抱負的感覺”，這句話是承接前面提到的Pena和Chavez的相似背景的，所以He指的是Pena。

28.

Whatdidthefilm-makerswanttoachievethroughthemovieCesarChavez?______A.Toreportonimmigrationpolicydebates.B.Tostirimmigrationdebateswithabiopic.C.TomakeknowntheachievementsofMichaelPena.D.Tohighlighttheseedsofchangewithinthemassesinvolved.正確答案：B[解析]推理判斷題。由第三段內(nèi)容可知，導(dǎo)演Luna和其他劇組人員希望這部電影能夠表達他們對于移民政策改革的支持并鼓勵所有的拉丁美洲裔美國人都能加入其中。故選B項“通過自傳電影使移民問題在社會上引起轟動”。

29.

Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"vehemently"inPARAGRAPHFOUR?______A.Emotionally.B.Deliberately.C.Strongly.D.Actively.正確答案：C[解析]詞義猜測題。由第四段倒數(shù)第二句可知，Chavez推出一個計劃，找出非法入境的農(nóng)民的準(zhǔn)確位置，并將他們報告給移民局。由此推測，Chavez非常反對非法移民。emotionally“感性地”，deliberately“故意地”，strongly“強烈地”，actively“積極地”。vehemently本意是“激烈地，暴烈地”，意義最接近的是C項。

30.

WhichofthefollowingmaybestsummarizeChavez'scontributioninleadingtheLatinoimmigrant-rightsmovement?______A.TheAmericanpubliccametorealizethepowerofchangeintheLatinocommunity.B.Themodemimmigrant-rightsmovementleadersknewhowtoorganizetheiractivitiesstrategically.C.TheU.S.governmentknewhowtolocateundocumentedfarmworkersandofferthemofficialregistration.D.TheMexicanfarmworkerscouldtravelacrossthecountryduringthegrapeboycotttosharetheirsufferings.正確答案：B[解析]細節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句可知，Chavez的成就還包括他的組織戰(zhàn)略被其他的活動分子所采用，包括現(xiàn)代移民權(quán)力運動。故選B。其他三個選項文中都沒有提及。

二、簡答題(20分)1.

根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。

某位高一英語教師組織了一個關(guān)于oilpollution的口語活動，學(xué)生們卻對該活動沒有興趣，活動難以開展。請分析學(xué)生不感興趣的兩個主要原因，并列舉組織成功的口語活動應(yīng)注意的三個主要事項。正確答案：學(xué)生不感興趣的兩個主要原因：

(1)選擇的話題遠離學(xué)生的實際生活，學(xué)生對油污染的背景知識、相關(guān)原因和影響并不了解，所以在完成任務(wù)的過程中，可能會遇到生詞，使學(xué)生難以表達。這必然吸引不了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。

(2)口語活動形式單一，學(xué)生參與積極性不高。單一形式的教學(xué)活動反復(fù)使用，勢必淡化學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，同時也不能充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體性和創(chuàng)造性思維。

成功的口語活動應(yīng)注意的三個主要事項：

(1)口語活動要注重全員參與性。學(xué)生是課堂的主體，教師是參與者、組織者和引導(dǎo)者的角色。所以，教師要從學(xué)生“學(xué)”的角度設(shè)計各種教學(xué)活動，使學(xué)生在完成各種任務(wù)的過程中逐步形成運用語言的能力?？谡Z活動也要兼顧個性化發(fā)展和全員性參與，實現(xiàn)因材施教。

(2)符合口語活動設(shè)計原則?？谡Z活動的任務(wù)和話題要有真實性和可操作性，必須能引起學(xué)生的興趣。同時還應(yīng)該貼近他們的生活、學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷與社會實際。話題的難度要符合學(xué)生的英語水平與能力；話題任務(wù)的安排要有梯度，不同的任務(wù)可以穿插進行，組織課堂教學(xué)。

(3)口語活動應(yīng)豐富多彩。例如，故事表演，演講，采訪活動和話題辯論等。教師應(yīng)該廣泛收集資料，盡可能設(shè)計不同類型、風(fēng)格與要求的任務(wù)，應(yīng)用于日常的課堂教學(xué)過程，使學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新精神和實踐能力得到不斷的培養(yǎng)與提高。

三、教學(xué)情境分析題(30分)根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作稱。

下面是某高中教師的課堂教學(xué)片段，

T:Justnowwegettoknowmanydifferentsports,forexample...

Ss:Weight-lifting,fencing,aerobics,triathlon,shooting...

T:Great.Now,let'sthinkaboutthisquestion:Howmanytypescanthesesportsbedividedinto?

Ss:(discusswithpartners)

T:Forexample,football,tennis,table-tennis,theybelongto...

S1:Ballgames.

T:Great.Andthen...Howaboutrings?Doublebars?Whichtypeofsportsdotheybelongto?

Ss:(silent)

T:(write"gymnastics"ontheblackboard)Nowreadafterme...

S2:MsXia,howtosay"kualan"inEnglish?ItisthehonorofallourChinesepeople.

T:Yeah,wereallyoughttoknow110-hurdlerace.Bytheway,whichtypedobothrunningand110-hurdleracebelongto?

Ss:(silent)

T:Letmetellyou,trackandfieldsports.Readafterme.

Ss:(readaftertheteacher)

T:Don'tforgetthespotsthataredoneinthewater-thewatersports.Sowhatarethedifferenttypesofspotswe'velearnttoday?

Ss:Ballgames,gymnastics,trackandfieldandwatergames.

T:Excellent!

根據(jù)上面所給信息，從下列兩個方面作答：1.

該片段屬于什么教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)?其教學(xué)目的是什么?正確答案：該片段主要包括呈現(xiàn)新知(Presentation)和課堂總結(jié)(Summary)兩個環(huán)節(jié)。

呈現(xiàn)新知是新課教學(xué)中重要的步驟，教師將教材內(nèi)容按照學(xué)生的認識能力和規(guī)律加以組織、改造，并通過有意義的語境，用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的語音語調(diào)，準(zhǔn)確、生動、富于啟發(fā)性的語言表達出來，目的是要學(xué)生感知和理解新語言知識?？偨Y(jié)環(huán)節(jié)旨在幫助學(xué)生對課堂所學(xué)內(nèi)容形成系統(tǒng)性、整體性的認識。

2.

該片段存在哪兩個主要問題?請?zhí)岢鱿鄳?yīng)的改進建議。正確答案：該片段存在的兩個主要問題。一是教學(xué)方法單一。在講授新單詞時，教師只利用了歸納法，課堂活動不夠豐富多彩，不能充分激發(fā)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造性和想象力。改進建議：在講授單詞時，教師可以借助圖片、動作、翻譯、幻燈片等多種直觀形式來呈現(xiàn)，既能幫助學(xué)生理解又能調(diào)動學(xué)生參與的積極性。

二是呈現(xiàn)新知環(huán)節(jié)的單詞講授過難。由于教師沒有充分了解學(xué)生現(xiàn)有的知識水平和興趣愛好，在講授新單詞時，學(xué)生感到陌生，會挫傷學(xué)生的積極性。改進建議：①課前教師一定要充分了解學(xué)生現(xiàn)有的知識水平和興趣愛好。②教師要注重對學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)策略的培養(yǎng)。幫助學(xué)生掌握音標(biāo)、構(gòu)詞法，這樣學(xué)生就能夠在現(xiàn)有詞匯的基礎(chǔ)上，通過詞綴和詞義關(guān)系掌握更多的單詞。另外，教師還要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會使用詞典，使學(xué)生能夠自覺積累詞匯。在課堂中，可以指導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過語境，結(jié)合上下文來猜詞，并注意慣用法和固定搭配。

四、教學(xué)設(shè)計題(40分)1.

根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。

設(shè)計任務(wù)：請閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計20分鐘的英語閱讀教學(xué)方案。該方案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：

●teachingobjectives

●teachingcontents

●keyanddifficultpoints

●majorstepsandtimeallocation

●activitiesandjustifications

教學(xué)時間：20分鐘

學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通高中二年級(第一學(xué)期)學(xué)生，班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實驗)》六級水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。

語言素材：

Words,words,words

BritishandAmericanEnglisharedifferentinmanyways.Thefirstandmostobviouswayisinthevocabulary.TherearehundredsofdifferentwordswhicharenotusedontheothersideoftheAtlantic,orwhichareusedwithadifferentmeaning.Someofthesewordsarewellknown—Americansdriveautomobilesdownfreewaysandfillupwithgas;theBritishdrivecarsalongmotorwaysandfillupwithpetrol.Asatourist,youwillneedtousetheundergroundinLondonorthesubwayinNewYork,ormaybeyouwillprefertogetaroundthetownbytaxi(British)orcab(American).

ChipsorFrenchfries?

Butotherwordsandexpressionsarenotsowellknown.Americansuseaflashlight,whilefortheBritish,it'satorch.TheBritishqueueup;Americansstandinline.Sometimesthesamewordhasaslightlydifferentmeaning,whichcanheconfusing.Chips,forexample,arepiecesofhotfriedpotatoinBritain;intheStateschipsareverythinandaresoldinpackets.TheBritishcallthesecrisps.ThechipstheBritishknowandloveareFrenchfriesontheothersideoftheAtlantic.

Haveorhavegot?

Thereareafewdifferencesingrammar,too.TheBritishsayHaveyougot...?WhileAmericanspreferDoyouhave...?AnAmericanmightsayMyfriendjustarrived,butaBritishpersonwouldsayMyfriendhasjustarrived.Prepositions,too,canbedifferent:compareontheteam,ontheweekend(American)withintheteam,attheweekend(British).TheBritishuseprepositionswhereAmericanssometimesomitthem(I'llseeyouMonday;Writemesoon!).

Colourorcolor?

Theothertwoareasinwhichthetwovarietiesdifferarespellingandpronunciation.Americanspellingseemssimpler:center,colorandprograminsteadofcentre,colourandprogramme.ManyfactorshaveinfluencedAmericanpronunciationsincethefirstsettlersarrivedfourhundredyearsago.Theaccent,whichismostsimilartoBritishEnglish,canbeheardontheEastCoastoftheUS.WhentheIrishwriterGeorgeBernardShawmadethefamousremarkthattheBritishandtheAmericansaretwonationsdividedbyacommonlanguage,hewasobviouslythinkingaboutthedifferences.Butaretheyreallysoimportant?Afterall,thereisprobablyasmuchvariationofpronunciationwithinthetwocountriesasbetweenthem.ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.正確答案：Teachingobjectives:

Knowledgeobjective

StudentsgetaglimpseintosomedifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish,suchasword,grammar,pronunciationandspelling.

Abilityobjective

(1)StudentscangetinformationaboutthedifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishbyskimming,scanningandusingcontextualclues.

(2)StudentscanmakeadistinctionbetweenAmericanEnglishandBrit